Subway tubular dust removal device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a subway tubular dust removal device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunnel dust removal, the subway tubular dust removal device comprises a fan, a round-to-square air pipe, a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a third filter unit... and an nth filter unit which are sequentially connected in series, and any filter unit comprises a supporting assembly and filter cloth arranged outside the supporting assembly in a sleeving mode; the filter cloth outside every two adjacent supporting assemblies is detachably connected through a zipper, each supporting assembly comprises a plurality of supporting units which are arranged front and back at intervals, any supporting unit comprises four pipe bodies and four four-way connectors, and the four pipe bodies are connected end to end through the four four-way connectors to form a square shape; a traditional bag type dust remover structure is overturned, the purpose of increasing the filtering area is achieved by increasing the length of the filtering bag, the dust remover is suitable for the tunnel construction environment, and the problems that existing dust removing equipment is large in size, and filtering cloth is inconvenient to replace in a narrow space are solved; and the filtering units can be connected in series and added according to the air volume treatment requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel dust removal technology, and in particular to a subway pipe dust removal device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, more and more cities have built subways. Since tunnels are enclosed spaces, a lot of dust is generated during the construction of subway tunnels. The dust emitted into the subway tunnels is difficult to meet occupational health standards, and the emissions are difficult to meet urban air emission standards. This not only affects the normal operation of equipment, but also poses a great threat to the health of construction workers and the safety of the project. Currently, most tunnels utilize wet scrubbing or baghouse dust collection technologies. Wet scrubbing is characterized by its small size, simplicity, and low cost; however, most wet scrubbing systems have limited air volume handling capacity and low dust collection efficiency, and also suffer from drawbacks such as obstructing visibility and discharging wastewater, interfering with construction. Baghouse dust collectors, on the other hand, offer high dust collection efficiency and stable performance. They consist of an outer casing and clean air chambers, filter chambers, and dust collection bins located at the top, middle, and bottom of the casing. Their working principle is as follows: when the fan draws air, a negative pressure is generated in the clean air chamber, creating a negative pressure within the filter bags in the filter chamber connected to the clean air chamber. This pressure difference forces dust-laden air into the filter bags. As the amount of dust on the filter bag surface increases, compressed air, controlled by a pressure reducing valve and pulse jet device, periodically blows the accumulated dust out of the filter bags and into the dust collection bin, thus achieving the purpose of dust removal. Because these baghouse dust collectors need to accommodate the clean air chamber, filter chamber, and dust collection bin, the overall equipment size is relatively large, with a processing air volume of 1000 m³ / h. 3 The equipment weighs up to 4000 kg per minute, requiring a 5-ton long-wheelbase truck to carry it. Tunnel baghouse dust collectors have dimensions exceeding 3.3m × 2.1m × 2.2m, with a total weight of 3-10 tons, making them unsuitable for the confined working environment of underground projects. Common improvements to baghouse dust collectors involve reducing filter bag diameter and increasing the number of bags to enlarge the filtration area. However, these approaches still struggle to address the issue of excessively large lateral area. Furthermore, replacing filter bags requires opening the dust collector and manually entering its cramped interior, which is inconvenient. Replacing a single filter bag takes 15-20 minutes and requires two people. Dust falling into the ash collection bin also needs to be manually removed from the dust collector. Therefore, proposing a subway tube dust collector that maximizes dust removal efficiency while avoiding its bulky size, along with its usage method, has become a fundamental requirement for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and inapplicability of the prior art and to provide a small-sized, easy-to-replace filter cloth, low-cost, and suitable subway tube dust removal device and its usage method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A subway duct dust removal device includes a fan, a round-to-square duct, a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a third filter unit, ... an nth filter unit connected in series. Each filter unit includes a support component and a filter cloth sleeved on the outside of the support component. The filter cloths on the outside of two adjacent support components are connected by a zipper for easy removal. The left end of the filter cloth on the first filter unit is fixedly connected to the round-to-square duct. The support assembly includes several support units spaced apart front and rear. Each support unit includes four tubes and four four-way connectors. The four tubes are connected end to end in a square shape through the four four-way connectors. Two adjacent support assemblies are fixedly connected by four connecting rods. The two ends of the connecting rods are respectively inserted into the four-way connectors of the end support units of the adjacent support assemblies and locked by screws in the threaded holes of the four-way connectors.

[0005] Specifically, a cross support frame is fixed in the middle of the first support unit and the rear support unit of the support assembly.

[0006] Specifically, the filter cloth is tubular with open ends. The filter cloth from the second to the nth filter unit has a pull-open zipper sub-chain or mother chain at both ends. The filter cloth in the nth filter unit has a sealed filter cloth cover connected by the zipper sub-chain or mother chain at the right end. An air flap is provided on the outside of the zipper sub-chain or mother chain.

[0007] Specifically, the air inlet of the fan is fixedly connected to the flange of the round-to-square duct by bolts. The left end of the filter cloth on the first filter unit is fixed to the outer edge of the round-to-square duct by a drawstring, or the left end of the filter cloth is clamped between the air inlet flange of the fan and the flange of the round-to-square duct and fixedly connected by bolts.

[0008] Specifically, the fan outlet is equipped with a flexible air duct connected by a flange, the fan base is located at the bottom of the fan, and multiple filter units are placed on a flatbed truck.

[0009] Specifically, the number of filter units is selected based on the required air volume.

[0010] A method for using a subway tube dust collector includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the support components Each pair of adjacent support units is fixedly connected at the four corners by connecting rods. The two ends of the connecting rods are respectively inserted into the corresponding four-way connectors of the two support components and locked by screws in the threaded holes of the four-way connectors. After connecting multiple support units, the support components are formed. The above operation is repeated to complete the assembly of multiple support components. S2, Assemble the filter unit Filter cloth is covered on the outside of multiple support components, so that the filter cloth wraps around the outside of each support component, with both ends open, to form the filter unit. The assembly of multiple filter units is completed by repeating the operation. S3, Connect adjacent filter units Arrange multiple filter units in a front-to-back alignment. Connect the right zipper sub-chain of the filter cloth of the first filter unit to the left zipper main chain of the filter cloth of the second filter unit. Connect the right zipper sub-chain of the filter cloth of the second filter unit to the left zipper main chain of the filter cloth of the third filter unit. Continue until the connection with the nth filter unit is completed. Finally, connect the right zipper sub-chain of the filter cloth of the nth filter unit to the zipper main chain on the sealing filter cloth cover, so that the internal parts of the multiple filter units are connected and the right end is sealed. S4, Connect to the fan The left end of the filter cloth of the first filter unit is placed over the outside of the round-to-square air duct, and the drawstring at the left end of the filter cloth is tightened and knotted for fixation; or the filter cloth of the first filter unit is placed over the outside of the entire round-to-square air duct, and the left end of the filter cloth is clamped between the air inlet flange of the fan and the flange of the round-to-square air duct, and the bolts on the air inlet flange and the flange of the round-to-square air duct penetrate the filter cloth for fixation. S5, Filtration and dust removal operation When the fan is turned on, the negative pressure generated by the fan draws the dusty air in the subway tunnel onto the surface of the filter cloth of multiple filter units. The filter cloth traps the particulate dust in the air, and the purified air enters the interior of multiple filter units and is discharged to the pollution source through the flexible air duct connected to the fan outlet. This forms a recirculation field that disperses the dusty air at the pollution source, and the air is filtered again through multiple filter units. This process is repeated to complete the dust removal operation of the air in the subway tunnel.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the technical solution described above, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention relates to a subway tube dust collector and its usage method. Multiple filter units are connected in series at the outlet of a fan. These filter units are exposed inside the subway tunnel, eliminating the need for a filter housing and cleaning device. Compared to existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: 1. It overturns the traditional baghouse dust collector structure by increasing the filter bag length to increase the filtration area, making it suitable for tunnel construction environments. The exposed filter cloth length expands the contact with dust-laden air, increasing the space for handling polluted air and thus improving dust removal efficiency. It also reduces the lateral area occupied in the tunnel. 2. It reduces the weight of the dust collector; compared to a baghouse dust collector with the same processing capacity, its weight is only [a fraction of the weight of the original]. Its filtration unit is 1 / 10 the size of existing baghouse dust collectors, mounted on a flatbed truck for easy installation and movement, making it suitable for narrow underground environments like tunnels; 3. It is inexpensive, costing only 1 / 10 the price of existing baghouse dust collectors; 4. It features a zipper-style filter cloth, making filter cloth replacement convenient and quick, with each filter unit requiring only 2-4 minutes to replace; This invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, and ingeniously designed, solving the problems of large size and inconvenient filter cloth replacement in confined spaces in existing dust collection equipment; This invention has good performance, and the filter units can be connected in series to increase the processing air volume. The processing air volume of the fan is matched and adapted to the total length of the filter units, enabling high-quality dust collection. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support component of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support unit of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter unit of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which a cross support frame is installed inside the support unit.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the round-to-square duct and the fan of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Flexible duct; 2. Fan; 3. Round-to-square duct; 4. First filter unit; 5. Zipper; 6. Second filter unit; 7. Third filter unit; 8. nth filter unit; 9. Sealed filter cloth cover; 10. Four-way connector; 11. First support unit; 12. Second support unit; 13. Third support unit; 14. Fourth support unit; 15. Fifth support unit; 16. Sixth support unit; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Wire hole; 19. Tube body; 20. Filter cloth; 21. Cross support frame; 22. Flange; 23. Air inlet flange. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Combined with appendix Figure 1-6 The aforementioned subway duct dust removal device includes a fan 2, a round-to-square duct 3, a first filter unit 4, a second filter unit 6, a third filter unit 7... and an nth filter unit 8 connected in series. The air inlet of the fan 2 is fixedly connected to the flange of the round-to-square duct 3 by bolts. The left end of the filter cloth 20 on the first filter unit 4 is fixed to the outer edge of the round-to-square duct 3 by a drawstring, or the left end of the filter cloth 20 is sandwiched between the air inlet flange 22 of the fan 2 and the flange 23 of the round-to-square duct 3 and fixedly connected by bolts. Each filter unit includes a support assembly and a filter cloth 20 sleeved on the outside of the support assembly. The filter cloths 20 on the outside of two adjacent support assemblies are connected by a zipper 5. The left end of the filter cloth 20 on the first filter unit 4 is fixedly connected to the round-to-square duct 3. The support assembly includes several support units spaced apart front and rear. Each support unit includes four tubes 19 and four four-way connectors 10. The four tubes 19 are connected end to end in a square shape through the four four-way connectors 10. Two adjacent support assemblies are fixedly connected by four connecting rods 17. The two ends of the connecting rods 17 are respectively inserted into the four-way connectors 10 of the end support units of the adjacent support assemblies and locked by screws in the threaded holes 18 on the four-way connectors 10.

[0021] Specifically, the filter cloth 20 is tubular with open ends. Zippers 5 (either sub-chains or main chains) are provided at both ends of the filter cloth in the second to nth filter units 6. A sealed filter cloth cover 9, connected via the zipper 5 sub-chain or main chain, is provided at the right end of the filter cloth in the nth filter unit 8. An air flap, a flexible dustproof edge, is provided outside the zipper 5 sub-chain or main chain. When closed, it fits snugly against the surface of the filter cloth, preventing dust-laden air from leaking through the zipper gaps and improving sealing performance. The filter cloth 20 is selected from Pangolin brand pre-dust-containing filter cloth, which is required to be used in environments with a relative humidity of over 90%, and to filter dust particles with a particle size below 5μm and a dust removal efficiency of over 99%.

[0022] Specifically, a flexible air duct 1 connected by a flange is provided at the air outlet of the fan 2, a fan base is provided at the bottom of the fan 2, and multiple filter units are placed on a flatbed truck.

[0023] A method for using a subway tube dust collector includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the support components Each pair of adjacent support units is fixedly connected at the four corners by a connecting rod 17. The two ends of the connecting rod 17 are respectively inserted into the corresponding four-way connectors 10 of the two support components and locked by the screws in the threaded holes 18 on the four-way connectors 10. After connecting multiple support units, the support components are formed. The above operation is repeated to complete the assembly of multiple support components. S2, Assemble the filter unit Filter cloth 20 is covered on the outside of multiple support components, so that the filter cloth 20 wraps around the outside of each support component, with both ends open, to form the filter unit. The assembly of multiple filter units is completed by repeating the operation. S3, Connect adjacent filter units Multiple filter units are aligned front to back and placed sequentially. The right zipper 5 sub-chain of the filter cloth 20 of the first filter unit 4 is connected to the left zipper 5 main chain of the filter cloth 20 of the second filter unit 6. The right zipper 5 sub-chain of the filter cloth 20 of the second filter unit 6 is connected to the left zipper 5 main chain of the filter cloth 20 of the third filter unit 7. This process continues until the connection with the nth filter unit 8 is completed. Finally, the right zipper 5 sub-chain of the filter cloth 20 of the nth filter unit 8 is connected to the zipper 5 main chain on the sealing filter cloth cover 9, so that the internal parts of the multiple filter units are connected and the right end is sealed. S4, Connect to the fan The left end of the filter cloth 20 of the first filter unit 4 is fitted over the outside of the round-to-square air duct 3, and the drawstring at the left end of the filter cloth 20 is pulled tight and knotted for fixation; or the filter cloth 20 of the first filter unit 4 is fitted over the outside of the entire round-to-square air duct 3, and the left end of the filter cloth 20 is clamped between the air inlet flange of the fan 2 and the flange of the round-to-square air duct 3, and the bolts on the air inlet flange and the flange of the round-to-square air duct 3 penetrate the filter cloth 20 for fixation; wherein, a rubber sealing gasket is provided between the air inlet flange of the fan 2 and the flange of the round-to-square air duct 3. S5, Filtration and dust removal operation When the fan 2 is turned on, the negative pressure generated by the fan 2 adsorbs the dust-laden air in the subway tunnel onto the surface of the filter cloth 20 of multiple filter units. The filter cloth 20 traps particulate dust in the air. The purified air enters the interior of multiple filter units and is discharged to the pollution source through the flexible air duct 1 connected to the air outlet of the fan 2. This forms a recirculation field that disperses the dust-laden air at the pollution source. The air then passes through multiple filter units again for cyclic filtration. This process is repeated to complete the dust removal operation of the air in the subway tunnel. Example

[0024] The simulation space is 3500m 3 Within 10 minutes, cement dust concentrations in a 70m recirculation field can reach 2mg / m³. 3In the subway tunnel, twenty filter units were installed. Each filter unit measures 1.2 × 1.2 × 2 m in length, width, and height, with a filtration area of ​​10 square meters, capable of processing 50 cubic meters of wastewater. 3 Dust-laden gas is filtered through twenty filter units connected sequentially via zipper 5, forming a 200㎡ rectangular tube capable of processing 1000m³ of dust per minute. 3 The dusty air in the space is filtered by a single unit that occupies less than 2 square meters across the tunnel cross section. Each unit weighs 25 kg and is 40 m long. A centrifugal fan with a rated air volume of 1000 m³ / h is used. 3 / min.

[0025] Each filter unit's support assembly consists of six support units. Each support unit's four tubes 19 are connected end-to-end in a square shape via four four-way connectors 10, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a first support unit 11, a second support unit 12, a third support unit 13, a fourth support unit 14, a fifth support unit 15, and a sixth support unit 16, which are sequentially connected by multiple connecting rods 17 to form a rectangular frame. The tube body 19 and the connecting rods 17 are both made of Q235 carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3mm. Twenty filter cloths 20 are fitted onto the outside of the twenty filter units, with adjacent filter cloths 20 connected by zippers. The zippers are dustproof and waterproof industrial zippers. (See attached...) Figure 5 As shown, in order to improve the deformation resistance of the support unit and make it suitable for long-distance series arrangement, a cross support frame 21 can be fixed in the middle of the first support unit 11 and the sixth support unit 16 at the tail of the filter unit. The four ends of the cross support frame 21 are respectively connected to the middle of the four tubes 19 of the first support unit 11 and the sixth support unit 16 through tee connectors. In actual use, if the support assembly consists of n support units and n>10, in order to avoid the intermediate filter unit from being deformed by negative pressure, a cross support frame 21 can be added every 5 sets of support assemblies.

[0026] In use, the assembled and connected twenty filter units are placed on a flatbed cart equipped with wheels for easy movement in the confined space of a railway tunnel. The filter cloth at the left end of the first filter unit 4 is tightened to the outside of the round-to-square duct 3 using its built-in drawstring. A flexible duct 1 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 2. The outlet of the flexible duct 1 is located at the pollution source of the subway tunnel, i.e., the excavation, blasting, and stone cutting site. The positive and negative pressure at the outlet of the flexible duct 1 and the negative pressure of the filter unit form a pressure recirculation field with positive and negative pressure. Air is drawn in through the air inlet of the fan 2, and the air contains... While dust particles are adsorbed onto the filter cloth, the filtered purified air enters each filter unit, converges into the fan 2 through the round-to-square duct 3, and is then discharged to the pollution source through the flexible duct 1 connected to the outlet of the fan 2. The length of the flexible duct 1 is determined according to the distance between the fan 2 and the pollution source. The outlet of the flexible duct 1 faces the pollution source, spraying purified air directly at the pollution source, effectively improving the working environment at the pollution source. The dust-laden air blown away at the pollution source returns to the filter unit for filtration. If the pollution source is close to the fan 2, a shorter flexible duct 1 can be used, reducing the return flow field and improving dust removal efficiency. This invention eliminates the dust collection bin of traditional baghouse dust collectors, simplifying their structure. When dust accumulation on the filter cloth 20 increases, requiring cleaning of multiple filter units, the dust is collected manually using a vacuum cleaner. A vibrator can also be fixed to the support unit of each filter unit. The vibrator shakes off accumulated dust from the left, right, and bottom sides of the filter cloth (excluding the top). The dust shaken onto the ground and the top of the filter cloth is then collected manually using a vacuum cleaner. When the vibrator is activated to remove dust, the fan 2 is in a dust-collecting state, operating at low speed with the airflow reduced to 30% of its rated value to prevent secondary dust generation. This invention has completed original machine testing, with results showing a dust removal efficiency of 99.5% when handling an airflow of 1000 m³ / min. The device has a cross-sectional area of ​​1.44 m², and the filter cloth replacement time for each filter unit is 2-4 minutes. The overall cost is 1 / 10 of a baghouse dust collector with the same airflow capacity.

[0027] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0028] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the inventive objectives are currently considered suitable; however, it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all variations and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of this concept and invention.

Claims

1. A subway pipe dust removal device, comprising a fan, a round-to-square air pipe, a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a third filter unit, and an nth filter unit connected in series; characterized in that: Any one filtering unit comprises a support assembly and a filter cloth sleeved outside the support assembly, the filter cloths outside two adjacent support assemblies are connected by a zipper in a detachable manner, and the left end of the filter cloth on the first filtering unit is fixedly connected with the round-to-square air pipe; The support assembly comprises a plurality of support units arranged at intervals in front and back, any one support unit comprises four pipe bodies and four four-way joints, the four pipe bodies are connected in a square shape through the four four-way joints, two adjacent support assemblies are fixedly connected through four connecting rods, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively inserted into the four-way joints of the end support units of the adjacent support assemblies and locked by screws in the wire holes of the four-way joints.

2. The subway pipe dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross support frame is fixedly arranged in the middle of the first support unit and the tail support unit of the support assembly.

3. The subway pipe dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter cloth is in a tubular shape and has open ends, zipper sub-chains or female chains are arranged at the left and right ends of the filter cloths from the second filtering unit to the nth filtering unit, a sealing filter cloth cover connected with the zipper sub-chain or female chain is arranged at the right end of the filter cloth of the nth filtering unit, and air flaps are arranged outside the zipper sub-chain or female chain.

4. The subway pipe dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the fan is fixedly connected with the flange plate of the round-to-square air pipe through bolts, the left end of the filter cloth on the first filtering unit is fixed on the outer edge surface of the round-to-square air pipe through a drawstring, or the left end of the filter cloth is clamped between the air inlet flange of the fan and the flange plate of the round-to-square air pipe and fixedly connected through bolts.

5. The subway pipe dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soft air pipe connected through a flange is arranged on the air outlet of the fan, a fan base is arranged at the lower part of the fan, and the plurality of filtering units are placed on the flatbed truck.

6. The subway pipe dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of filtering units is selected according to the demand for processing air volume.

7. A use method of a subway pipe dust removal device, the subway pipe dust removal device is any one of the subway pipe dust removal devices in claims 1-5, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, assembling a support assembly The four corners between every two adjacent support units are fixedly connected through connecting rods, the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively inserted into the corresponding four-way joints of the two support assemblies, and are locked by screws in the wire holes of the four-way joints, a plurality of support units are connected to form the support assembly, and the assembly of a plurality of support assemblies is completed through repeated operations; S2, assembling a filtering unit A filter cloth is sleeved outside each support assembly to wrap the filter cloth outside each support assembly, the two ends are open, and the filtering unit is formed, and the assembly of a plurality of filtering units is completed through repeated operations; S3, connecting adjacent filtering units A plurality of filtering units are placed in front and back alignment, the zipper sub-chain at the right end of the filter cloth of the first filtering unit is connected with the zipper female chain at the left end of the filter cloth of the second filtering unit, the zipper sub-chain at the right end of the filter cloth of the second filtering unit is connected with the zipper female chain at the left end of the filter cloth of the third filtering unit, and the connection with the nth filtering unit is completed, and finally the zipper sub-chain at the right end of the filter cloth of the nth filtering unit is connected with the zipper female chain on the sealing filter cloth cover, so that the interiors of the connected plurality of filtering units are communicated and the right ends are sealed; S4, connecting with a fan The left end of the filter cloth of the first filtering unit is sleeved outside the circular-to-square air duct, and the drawstring of the left end of the filter cloth is knotted and fixed; or the filter cloth of the first filtering unit is sleeved outside the entire circular-to-square air duct, the left end of the filter cloth is clamped between the air inlet flange of the fan and the flange plate of the circular-to-square air duct, and the bolts on the air inlet flange and the flange plate of the circular-to-square air duct penetrate the filter cloth to be fixed; S5, filtering and dust removing operation The fan is turned on, the negative pressure generated by the fan absorbs the dust-containing air in the subway tunnel to the surface of the filter cloth of the plurality of filtering units, the filter cloth traps the particulate dust in the air, the purified air enters the inside of the plurality of filtering units, and is discharged to the pollution source through the soft air pipe connected to the air outlet of the fan, forming a backflow field to blow away the dust-containing air at the pollution source, and the dust-containing air is filtered again by the plurality of filtering units, the above operation is repeated, and the dust removing operation on the air in the subway tunnel is completed.

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