Flue gas demisting and dedusting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas pollution treatment equipment, and provides a flue gas demisting and dedusting device which comprises a tower body provided with a gas flow passage from bottom to top; the flow guide part is arranged in the tower body, the flow guide part is provided with a flow guide passage communicated with the airflow passage, the flow guide part is further provided with a flow guide plate located above the flow guide passage, and the flow guide plate is used for guiding airflow in the flow guide passage to be circumferentially diffused to the inner wall of the airflow passage; the independent spraying piece is arranged in the tower body and located above the flow guide plate, and the independent spraying piece can spray the liquid flow to the air flow diffused in the circumferential direction under the action of the flow guide piece; and the main liquid storage tank is communicated with the heating liquid tank to supply liquid to the heating liquid tank. The heating liquid flow can flow into the tower body, excessive icing caused by local liquid flow gathering is avoided, the stable demisting and dedusting effect is maintained while icing is prevented, the problems of equipment load increase and passage blockage caused by icing are reduced, and the continuous operation time of equipment is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gas pollution treatment equipment, in particular to a flue gas demisting and dust removal device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of industrial production, such as power, metallurgy, chemical industry and other industries, a large amount of dust particles and mist droplets (including sulfuric acid mist, water mist, etc.) are usually accompanied in the process of flue gas emission. At present, the industry widely uses a wet dust removal tower to realize the demisting and dust removal operation of flue gas. The core working unit of such equipment includes a tower body, a spraying system and a gas-liquid separation component. The working logic is that after the flue gas to be treated enters the tower body, the spraying system atomizes or forms a liquid film with the liquid (usually water or water solution containing medicament) to fully contact with the gas flow to capture dust and fuse mist droplets, and finally purify the flue gas to be discharged from the top, and the dust-containing waste liquid is collected from the bottom for treatment. Due to the high gas-liquid contact efficiency, stable demisting and dust removal effect and compact equipment structure, the technology is widely applied in various industrial scenes.

[0003] However, in some northern areas of China (such as North China and Northeast China), the environmental temperature in winter is below 0℃ for a long time, and even reaches -30℃ in extreme low temperature. The above-mentioned wet dust removal tower relying on spraying water faces serious icing problem in actual operation: on the one hand, the normal temperature liquid flow (10-25℃) sprayed by the spraying system is reduced in temperature after contacting with the low temperature flue gas (temperature is mostly 5-15℃), and is easily attached to the inner wall of the tower body (temperature ≤ 0℃) and the surface of the gas-liquid separation component (no heat preservation design, temperature ≤ 0℃), and quickly condenses into frost; on the other hand, the frost can destroy the stable distribution of the spraying liquid, resulting in the decrease of the gas-liquid contact efficiency, the significant fluctuation of the demisting and dust removal effect, and even the failure to reach the standard; at the same time, the ice layer thickens with the increase of the running time (3-5 mm per day), which increases the structural load of the tower body and reduces the cross-sectional area of the gas flow passage (causing the exhaust gas resistance to rise from 800 Pa to above 1500 Pa), and finally causes the equipment to stop for maintenance, seriously affecting the continuous operation ability of the equipment and the industrial production efficiency.

[0004] The above-mentioned low temperature icing problem is the inherent defect of the combination of the single path normal temperature liquid supply and the non-anti-icing optimized structure of the existing wet dust removal tower, and is also the common pain point of the industrial enterprises in the northern areas when using such equipment in winter, which needs to be solved by a targeted technical scheme. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the embodiments of the present application provide a flue gas demisting and dust removal device, which solves the technical problem that the wet flue gas demisting and dust removal device in the prior art runs in a low temperature environment below 0℃, the spraying liquid flow is easily condensed into frost on the inner wall of the tower body and the surface of the gas-liquid separation component, resulting in the decrease of the demisting and dust removal effect, the increase of the structural load of the equipment, the blockage of the gas flow passage and the shortening of the continuous running time.

[0006] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas demisting and dust removal device, comprising: The tower body has an airflow passage from bottom to top; A flow guide is disposed inside the tower body. The flow guide has a flow path that communicates with the airflow passage. The flow guide also has a flow guide plate located above the flow path. The flow guide plate is used to guide the airflow in the flow path to diffuse circumferentially to the inner wall of the airflow passage. An independent spray element is disposed inside the tower body and above the guide plate. The independent spray element can spray the liquid flow onto the circumferentially diffused airflow under the action of the guide plate. The main storage tank and the heating tank are both connected to the independent spray unit and are used to supply liquid to the independent spray unit separately. The main storage tank is also connected to the heating tank to supply liquid to the heating tank.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the guide plate is a conical cover, with a concave guide surface on the side facing the airflow direction and a convex guide surface on the side facing the independent spray element. The convex guide surface is used to guide the liquid flow sprayed by the independent spray element to diffuse outward. The inner wall of the guide passage is also provided with several swirling blades, which are located below the guide plate. The several swirling blades are arranged at intervals along the circumference and are all inclined to guide the airflow to the concave guide surface.

[0008] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A spray chamber is located at the top of the tower body and is connected to the airflow passage. The top of the spray chamber is provided with a clean airflow outlet. The spray chamber is provided with a number of distributed spray elements, which are connected to one of the main storage tank and the heating tank. A flow equalization pipe is installed inside the spray box chamber and located below the distributed spray components. The flow equalization pipe is arranged in a horizontal direction, and each flow equalization pipe has several diffuser openings through its peripheral wall. The diffuser openings are used to allow upward airflow and downward liquid flow to pass through.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a centralized liquid guiding cavity for receiving the refluxed liquid flow. The centralized liquid guiding cavity is connected to the main liquid storage tank and is used to guide the refluxed liquid flow to the main liquid storage tank.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the outer side of the guide member has a reflux liquid guiding surface that extends downwards and away from the center. The outer edge of the reflux liquid guiding surface abuts against the inner wall of the airflow passage. The outer edge of the guide member is provided with a plurality of reflux liquid outlets, which are used to supply liquid flow to flow downwards.

[0011] As a further technical solution, both the guide element and the independent spray element are in two sets, and are spaced apart in the vertical direction, arranged vertically in sequence on the inner wall of the airflow passage.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a liquid flow shroud is also fitted around the outer periphery of the tower body, and an unobstructed flow channel is formed between the liquid flow shroud and the outer wall of the tower body. A connecting groove is provided on the outer wall of the tower body for connecting the unobstructed flow channel and the airflow passage. A connecting pipe connected to the centralized liquid guiding cavity is connected to the unobstructed flow channel. The two sets of flow guiding components are respectively arranged near the upper and lower ends of the liquid flow shroud.

[0013] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A flow baffle ring is slidably and vertically disposed within the airflow passage. The outer surface of the flow baffle ring is provided with a sliding seat that penetrates a connecting groove. The sliding seat has a guide rod that extends upward through the top wall of the flow shroud. The inner wall of the flow baffle ring has several second stops, each corresponding to a return flow port. The flow baffle ring is configured such that, upon sliding upwards, it releases the blockage of the connecting groove and blocks the return flow port using its inner wall; conversely, upon sliding downwards, it blocks the connecting groove and causes the flow baffle ring to move downwards to release the blockage of the return flow port. A linear drive unit is disposed on the liquid flow cover and connected to the guide rod for driving the liquid flow baffle ring to rise and fall.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the main liquid storage tank is connected to the two independent spray elements through two first pipelines, and the main liquid storage tank is connected to the distributed spray elements through a second pipeline. The main liquid storage tank can supply liquid to the two independent spray elements and the distributed spray elements simultaneously.

[0015] As a further technical solution, a shut-off valve is provided between the two first pipelines, the shut-off valve being used to supply liquid from the heating liquid tank to the spray elements distributed throughout and the independent spray elements located below.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the main storage tank and the heating tank are connected to independent spray components via independent pipelines. Individual liquid supply can be achieved through valve control. When the ambient temperature is low, heated liquid can be supplied to the independent spray components through the heating tank, preventing icing of the liquid during spraying and when in contact with the tower body due to low temperatures. When the ambient temperature is suitable, liquid can be supplied through the main storage tank, reducing energy consumption. The interconnected design of the main storage tank and the heating tank allows for timely replenishment of liquid when the liquid level in the heating tank is insufficient, ensuring a continuous liquid supply capacity and stable operation of the equipment in low-temperature environments. The flow guide component guides the circumferential diffusion of the airflow, which, combined with the directional spraying of the independent spray components, creates a uniform coverage of the liquid flow on the inner wall of the tower. This avoids excessive icing caused by localized liquid accumulation and ensures comprehensive gas-liquid contact, thereby maintaining a stable demisting and dust removal effect while preventing icing. This reduces equipment load increases and passage blockage problems caused by icing, extending the continuous operating time of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flue gas demisting and dust removal device in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the flue gas demisting and dust removal device in the embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flue gas demisting and dust removal device in the embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section C in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the flow guide and independent spray component in the embodiment; Figure 8 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the fluid flow baffle ring in the embodiment is shown.

[0019] In the diagram: Tower body - 100, airflow passage - 101, connecting channel - 102, centralized liquid guiding chamber - 110, flow guide - 200, flow guiding path - 201, flow guide plate - 210, concave flow guide surface - 211, convex flow guide surface - 212, swirl vane - 220, reflux liquid guiding surface - 230, reflux liquid outlet - 231, independent spray component - 300, main liquid storage tank - 400, heating liquid tank -500, Spray chamber -600, Clean air outlet -601, Widespray component -700, Flow equalization pipe -800, Diffuser -801, Liquid flow cover -900, Unobstructed flow channel -901, Liquid flow baffle ring -1000, Second baffle -1002, Slide -1003, Guide rod -1004, Shut-off valve -1100, Connecting pipe -1200, Linear drive component -1300. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0021] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0022] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] like Figures 1-8 The diagram illustrates a flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It includes a tower body 100, with an airflow passage 101 extending vertically. The tower body 100 has a flue gas inlet at its lower end and a flue gas outlet at its upper end. A guide member 200 is fixed inside the tower body 100 and located above the flue gas inlet. The guide passage 201 extends vertically through the guide member 200, with its lower end connected to the lower part of the airflow passage 101 and its upper end extending below a guide plate 210. The guide plate 210 is annular and fixedly connected to the upper part of the guide member 200. The outer periphery of the guide plate 210 extends towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, and its lower surface is an inclined surface. The inclined direction gradually slopes upwards from the axis of the guide passage 201 towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, causing the airflow discharged from the guide passage 201 to diffuse circumferentially towards the inner wall of the tower body 100 as it flows upwards along the inclined surface. The independent spray unit 300 includes several spray pipes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 100. The axis of each spray pipe is aligned with the radial direction of the tower body 100, and the spray nozzles of the spray pipes face the central axis of the tower body 100 and are located above the guide plate 210, so that the sprayed liquid flow can cover the flow path of the circumferentially diffused airflow. The main storage tank 400 is connected to the independent spray unit 300 through pipelines, and the heating liquid tank 500 is connected to the independent spray unit 300 through pipelines. Each of the pipelines is equipped with a valve to control the opening and closing of each pipeline. The main storage tank 400 is connected to the heating liquid tank 500 through pipelines to control the liquid supply from the main storage tank 400 to the heating liquid tank 500.

[0027] The guide path 201 of the guide component 200 can initially guide the airflow entering the tower body 100, concentrating the airflow into the effective range of the guide plate 210. The inclined surface of the guide plate 210 enables the airflow to achieve circumferential diffusion during upward flow, increasing the contact range between the airflow and the inner wall of the tower body 100. The independent spray component 300 is located above the guide plate 210 and its spray direction corresponds to the circumferentially diffused airflow, allowing the liquid flow to fully contact the diffused airflow, improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency and enhancing the capture effect of dust and droplets. The main liquid storage tank 400 and the heating liquid tank 500 are connected to the independent spray component 300 through independent pipelines. The liquid supply can be achieved by valve control. When the ambient temperature is low, the heating liquid tank 500 can supply heated liquid to the independent spray component 300 to prevent the liquid from freezing due to low temperature during spraying and when in contact with the tower body 100. When the ambient temperature is suitable, the main liquid storage tank 400 can supply liquid, reducing energy consumption. The interconnected design between the main storage tank 400 and the heating tank 500 allows for timely replenishment of liquid when the liquid level in the heating tank 500 is insufficient, ensuring a continuous liquid supply and stable operation of the equipment in low-temperature environments. The flow guide 200, in conjunction with the directional spraying of the independent spray component 300, guides the circumferential diffusion of the airflow, creating a uniform coverage of the liquid flow on the inner wall of the tower body 100. This avoids excessive icing caused by localized liquid accumulation while ensuring comprehensive gas-liquid contact. This prevents icing while maintaining stable demisting and dust removal effects, reducing equipment load increases and passageway blockages caused by icing, and extending the continuous operating time of the equipment.

[0028] Furthermore, the airflow passage 101 of the tower body 100 extends vertically, with a flue gas inlet at the lower end and a flue gas outlet at the upper end. A guide member 200 is fixed inside the tower body 100 and located above the flue gas inlet. The guide passage 201 extends vertically through the guide member 200, with its lower end connected to the lower part of the airflow passage 101 and its upper end extending below the guide plate 210. The guide plate 210 is a conical shroud, fixedly connected to the upper part of the guide member 200. Its side facing the direction of airflow is a concave guide surface 211, and its side facing the independent spray element 300 is a convex guide surface 212. The outer periphery of the guide plate 210 extends towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, and the concave guide surface 211 gradually slopes upwards from the axis of the guide passage 201 towards the inner wall of the tower body 100. A plurality of swirl vanes 220 are provided on the inner wall of the guide passage 201. The swirl vanes 220 are located below the guide plate 210 and are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the guide passage 201, and are all inclined relative to the axis of the guide passage 201. The independent spray element 300 includes a plurality of spray pipes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 100, with the spray nozzles facing the outwardly convex guide surface 212 and located above the guide plate 210. The main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to the independent spray element 300 through a pipeline, the heating liquid tank 500 is connected to the independent spray element 300 through a pipeline, and the main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to the heating liquid tank 500 through a pipeline.

[0029] The guide path 201 guides the airflow upward, and the swirl vanes 220 cause the airflow to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating airflow diffuses along the concave guide surface 211 towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, increasing the contact range between the airflow and the inner wall of the tower body 100. The inclined structure of the concave guide surface 211, in conjunction with the swirl vanes 220, makes the airflow diffusion path more stable and avoids local airflow turbulence. After the liquid flow sprayed by the independent spray element 300 contacts the convex guide surface 212, it diffuses outward under the guidance of the convex guide surface 212, forming sufficient contact with the rotating and diffused airflow, improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency. The main storage tank 400 and the heating tank 500 supply liquid to the independent spray unit 300 through pipelines. The liquid supply source can be selected according to the ambient temperature. At low temperatures, the liquid is supplied through the heating tank 500 to prevent the liquid from freezing during the spraying process and when in contact with the tower body 100. The main storage tank 400 supplies liquid to the heating tank 500 to ensure the continuous liquid supply capacity of the heating tank 500. The cooperation between the swirl blades 220, the concave guide surface 211, the convex guide surface 212 and the independent spray unit 300 makes the gas-liquid contact more uniform, which not only enhances the demisting and dust removal effect, but also reduces the risk of local icing and ensures stable operation of the equipment.

[0030] Furthermore, the airflow passage 101 of the tower body 100 extends vertically, with a flue gas inlet at the lower end and a connection to the spray chamber 600 at the upper end. A guide member 200 is fixed inside the tower body 100 and located above the flue gas inlet. The guide passage 201 extends vertically through the guide member 200, with its lower end connected to the lower part of the airflow passage 101 and its upper end extending below the guide plate 210. The guide plate 210 is annular and fixedly connected to the upper part of the guide member 200. Its outer periphery extends towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, and its lower surface is inclined, with the inclination direction gradually increasing upwards from the axis of the guide passage 201 towards the inner wall of the tower body 100. An independent spray member 300 includes several spray pipes arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 100, with the spray nozzles facing the central axis of the tower body 100 and located above the guide plate 210.

[0031] The spray chamber 600 is fixed to the top of the tower body 100, and its internal cavity is connected to the airflow passage 101. A clean airflow outlet 601 is provided at the top. A general spray element 700 is located within the spray chamber 600, including a horizontally extending main pipe and several branch pipes. Spray heads are provided on the branch pipes. The general spray element 700 is connected to the main liquid storage tank 400 or to the heating liquid tank 500 via pipelines. A flow equalization pipe 800 is located within the spray chamber 600 and below the general spray element 700. It is arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, with both ends fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray chamber 600. Several diffuser outlets 801 are provided through the peripheral wall, and the diffuser outlets 801 are distributed along the axial and circumferential directions of the flow equalization pipe 800. The main storage tank 400 is connected to the independent spray unit 300 through a pipeline, the heating tank 500 is connected to the independent spray unit 300 through a pipeline, and the main storage tank 400 is connected to the heating tank 500 through a pipeline.

[0032] The guide path 201 directs the airflow into the effective range of the guide plate 210. The inclined surface of the guide plate 210 causes the airflow to diffuse circumferentially towards the inner wall of the tower body 100. The liquid flow sprayed from the independent spray element 300 comes into contact with the diffused airflow, completing the first-stage gas-liquid exchange and initially capturing dust and droplets. The airflow treated in the first stage enters the spray chamber 600 upwards. The diffuser 801 of the flow equalization pipe 800 divides the airflow, ensuring that the airflow is evenly distributed within the spray chamber 600, avoiding insufficient gas-liquid contact caused by excessively high local flow velocities. The liquid flow sprayed from the distributed spray elements 700 comes into contact with the evenly distributed airflow, forming a second-stage gas-liquid exchange, further removing residual dust and droplets and improving the overall purification effect.

[0033] The main storage tank 400 and the heating tank 500 supply liquid to the independent spray unit 300 and the distributed spray unit 700 respectively via pipelines. The liquid supply source can be selected according to the ambient temperature. At low temperatures, liquid is supplied through the heating tank 500 to prevent icing in the tower body 100 and the spray chamber 600. When the ambient temperature is suitable, the main storage tank 400 supplies liquid independently to reduce energy consumption. The connection design between the main storage tank 400 and the heating tank 500 ensures the liquid level replenishment of the heating tank 500 and ensures the continuous operation of the two-stage spray assembly.

[0034] Furthermore, a flue gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the airflow passage of the tower body 100. A guide member 200 is fixed inside the tower body 100 and located above the flue gas inlet. A guide passage 201 extends vertically through the guide member 200, with its lower end connected to the lower part of the airflow passage 101 and its upper end extending below the guide plate 210. The guide plate 210 is annular and fixedly connected to the upper part of the guide member 200. Its outer periphery extends towards the inner wall of the tower body 100, and its lower surface is inclined, with the inclination direction gradually increasing upwards from the axis of the guide passage 201 towards the inner wall of the tower body 100. An independent spray member 300 includes several spray pipes arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower body 100, with the spray nozzles facing the central axis of the tower body 100 and located above the guide plate 210.

[0035] A centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 100. The wall of the centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the tower body 100, forming a slope sloping towards the bottom of the chamber, which is used to receive the liquid flow returning from the inner wall of the tower body 100 and the surface of the guide component 200. The centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 is connected to the main liquid storage tank 400 through a pipeline, so that the collected liquid flow can flow into the liquid purification system and return to the main liquid storage tank 400. The main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to the independent spray component 300 through a pipeline, the heating liquid tank 500 is connected to the independent spray component 300 through a pipeline, and the main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to the heating liquid tank 500 through a pipeline.

[0036] After the liquid stream sprayed by the independent spray element 300 comes into contact with the airflow, part of the liquid stream flows back along the inner wall of the tower body 100 and the surface of the guide element 200. The centralized liquid guiding cavity 110 gathers the dispersed backflowing liquid stream through its sloping structure, preventing the liquid stream from forming local stagnation at the bottom of the tower body 100. The design of the centralized liquid guiding cavity 110 connecting with the main liquid storage tank 400 allows the collected liquid stream to flow back to the main liquid storage tank 400, realizing the recycling of the liquid stream and reducing the amount of external liquid replenishment.

[0037] After receiving the return liquid flow, the main storage tank 400 can supply liquid to the heating tank 500 via pipeline or directly to the independent spray unit 300, forming a closed-loop circulation system. This circulation system, in conjunction with the airflow diffusion path guided by the baffle plate 210, ensures that the distribution and recovery of the liquid flow within the tower body 100 are matched, guaranteeing the liquid flow coverage required for gas-liquid contact while reducing losses through recovery. In low-temperature environments, the circulating liquid flow is re-sprayed after being heated by the heating tank 500, maintaining the liquid flow temperature, reducing the probability of icing when in contact with low-temperature airflow, and simultaneously reducing the energy consumption for heating new replenishment, thus improving the economy and stability of equipment operation.

[0038] Furthermore, a reflux liquid guiding surface 230 is provided on the outside of the guide member 200. The reflux liquid guiding surface 230 extends downward at an angle from the outer periphery of the guide member 200 away from the center, and its outer edge abuts against the inner wall of the airflow passage 101. Several reflux liquid outlets 231 are opened on the outer edge of the guide member 200. The reflux liquid outlets 231 are distributed circumferentially at intervals and are located at the lowest point of the reflux liquid guiding surface 230 at the junction with the inner wall of the airflow passage 101. The centralized liquid guiding cavity 110 is connected to the main liquid storage tank 400 through a pipeline to receive the liquid flow returning through the reflux liquid outlets 231 and the inner wall of the tower body 100.

[0039] The inclined structure of the reflux guide surface 230 guides the liquid flow falling onto the surface of the guide element 200 to converge at the edge. Combined with the reflux outlet 231, this directs the liquid flow downwards, preventing disorderly stagnation on the surface of the guide element 200. The contact between the outer edge of the reflux guide surface 230 and the inner wall of the airflow passage 101 allows the reflux liquid to flow along the inner wall of the tower body 100 to the centralized guide cavity 110, reducing secondary contact between the liquid flow and the rising airflow and lowering the amount of droplet entrainment. Simultaneously, the directional reflux reduces the residence time of the liquid on the surface of the guide element 200. Combined with the liquid supply design of the heating tank 500, this reduces the probability of icing on the surface of the guide element 200 in low-temperature environments. The cooperation between the reflux outlet 231 and the centralized guide cavity 110 makes the liquid recovery path smoother, improving the recycling rate. Together with the main storage tank 400 and the heating tank 500, this forms a highly efficient closed loop, further ensuring stable equipment operation.

[0040] Furthermore, the two sets of guide elements 200 are distributed at intervals along the vertical direction of the airflow passage 101 and are fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 100. The guide passages 201 of each set of guide elements 200 correspond vertically, and the outer periphery of the guide plate 210 extends towards the inner wall of the airflow passage 101. The two sets of independent spray elements 300 are respectively located above the guide plate 210 of the corresponding guide element 200, and are arranged alternately with the guide element 200 in the vertical direction. That is, the lower independent spray element 300 is located above the guide plate 210 of the lower guide element 200, and the upper independent spray element 300 is located above the guide plate 210 of the upper guide element 200. Both sets of independent spray elements 300 are connected to the main liquid storage tank 400 and the heating liquid tank 500 through pipelines.

[0041] The two sets of guide vanes 200 and the independent spray vanes 300 are spaced vertically, allowing the airflow to undergo two stages of guidance and spraying during its ascent. The lower guide vane 200 guides the airflow for initial circumferential diffusion, and the liquid flow from the lower independent spray vane 300 contacts the diffused airflow to complete the first stage of purification. The airflow, after the first stage of treatment, continues to rise, and the upper guide vane 200 further guides the airflow to diffuse, while the liquid flow from the upper independent spray vane 300 contacts it to complete the second stage of purification. This multi-stage treatment increases the total contact time and area between the gas and liquid, enhancing the capture effect of dust and droplets. The two sets of independent spray vanes 300 can be supplied with liquid through the main liquid storage tank 400 or the heating liquid tank 500, respectively. In low-temperature environments, heating liquid can be selectively supplied to one or both sets, flexibly adapting to the temperature requirements of different areas, reducing overall energy consumption while lowering the risk of icing. The alternating arrangement of the upper and lower sections creates a stepped combination of airflow diffusion and liquid spraying, avoiding uneven gas-liquid contact that may occur in single-stage treatment. Combined with the liquid supply circulation of the main storage tank 400 and the heating liquid tank 500, the purification efficiency is improved while ensuring the stability of the equipment during continuous operation.

[0042] Furthermore, a liquid flow shroud 900 is fitted around the outer periphery of the tower body 100, forming an unobstructed flow channel 901 around the tower body 100 between the liquid flow shroud 900 and the outer wall of the tower body 100. Heating water can flow through the unobstructed flow channel 901. Several connecting grooves 102 are formed on the outer wall of the tower body 100, spaced apart circumferentially. One end of each groove connects to the airflow passage 101, and the other end connects to the unobstructed flow channel 901. The unobstructed flow channel 901 is connected to the centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 via a connecting pipe 1200, and is also connected to the heating liquid tank 500 via a pipeline to obtain heating water. Two sets of flow guiding components 200 are respectively positioned near the upper and lower ends of the liquid flow shroud 900, with the outer edges of their return liquid guiding surfaces 230 abutting against the inner wall of the airflow passage 101. The return liquid outlets 231 are distributed corresponding to the positions of the connecting grooves 102.

[0043] When heated water is introduced into the unobstructed flow channel 901, an annular insulation layer is formed around the tower body 100, reducing heat exchange between the interior of the tower body 100 and the external low-temperature environment, maintaining temperature stability within the airflow passage 101, and preventing freezing of the liquid flow on the inner wall of the tower body 100 and within the airflow passage 101 due to external low-temperature conduction. Simultaneously, the insulation layer provides temperature protection for the connecting groove 102 on the outer wall of the tower body 100, preventing the backflow liquid in the connecting groove 102 from freezing and becoming blocked due to low temperatures.

[0044] After the liquid flow in the airflow passage 101 enters the unobstructed flow channel 901 through the return liquid flow port 231 and the connecting groove 102, it can exchange heat with the heating water in the unobstructed flow channel 901, increasing the temperature of the return liquid flow and reducing the risk of icing during its flow into the centralized liquid guiding chamber 110. Two sets of guide components 200 are positioned near the upper and lower ends of the liquid flow cover 900, ensuring that the insulation layer covers the main functional areas of the tower body 100. This ensures that both the upper and lower stages of flow guidance and liquid flow recovery are within the insulation range, improving the overall uniformity of insulation. The unobstructed flow channel 901 serves as both an insulation and liquid flow recovery channel. Its connection with the heating liquid tank 500 enables the supply and circulation of heating water. Combined with the liquid flow circulation system formed by the centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 and the return liquid guiding surface 230, this system improves liquid flow utilization while enhancing anti-icing capabilities in low-temperature environments through the insulation layer, further ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0045] Furthermore, the linear drive 1300 is fixed to the top of the fluid flow shroud 900, and its output end is connected to the end of the guide rod 1004 away from the slide 1003. When the linear drive 1300 drives the fluid flow baffle ring 1000 to rise, the slide 1003 moves upward and disengages from the connecting groove 102, keeping the connecting groove 102 unobstructed. At the same time, the second baffle 1002 moves upward to the return fluid flow port 231 and blocks it. When the linear drive 1300 drives the fluid flow baffle ring 1000 to fall, the slide 1003 moves downward into the connecting groove 102 and blocks it. At the same time, the second baffle 1002 moves downward and disengages from the return fluid flow port 231, keeping the return fluid flow port 231 unobstructed.

[0046] The liquid flow baffle ring 1000 is raised and lowered via a linear drive component 1300, allowing for switching of the liquid flow recovery path according to operating conditions. When enhanced insulation and anti-icing are required, the liquid flow baffle ring 1000 is raised, and the second baffle 1002 blocks the return liquid flow port 231. The liquid flow can only enter the unobstructed flow channel 901 through the connecting groove 102, where it fully exchanges heat with the heated water, increasing the liquid flow temperature and reducing heat loss through the insulation layer, thus lowering the risk of icing. When enhanced insulation is not required or faster liquid flow recovery is needed, the liquid flow baffle ring 1000 is lowered, and the slide 1003 blocks the connecting groove 102. The liquid flow directly returns to the centralized liquid guiding chamber 110 through the return liquid flow port 231, shortening the recovery path.

[0047] The cooperation between the slide block 1003 and the connecting groove 102 prevents airflow from entering the unobstructed flow channel 901 through the connecting groove 102 when the connecting groove 102 is blocked, ensuring the stability of airflow within the airflow passage 101. The one-to-one correspondence between the second baffle 1002 and the return liquid outlet 231 ensures the accuracy of the blocking. The linear drive component 1300 is remotely driven via the guide rod 1004, allowing path switching to be completed without manual intervention. Combined with the liquid supply adjustment of the heating tank 500, the equipment can dynamically adapt to changes in ambient temperature and fluctuations in liquid flow, optimizing liquid circulation efficiency while ensuring anti-icing effect, further improving the stability and adaptability of equipment operation.

[0048] Furthermore, the main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to two independent spray elements 300 through two first pipelines, and the main liquid storage tank 400 is connected to the distributed spray elements 700 through a second pipeline, so that the main liquid storage tank 400 can supply liquid to the two independent spray elements 300 and the distributed spray elements 700 at the same time.

[0049] The main storage tank 400 is connected to two sets of independent spray elements 300 via two first pipes, each set of independent spray elements 300 corresponding to the top of the guide plate 210 of a set of guide elements 200. The main storage tank 400 is connected to the distributed spray elements 700 within the spray chamber 600 via a second pipe. The liquid flow from the main storage tank 400 can simultaneously flow into the two sets of independent spray elements 300 via the two first pipes, and simultaneously flow into the distributed spray elements 700 via the second pipe.

[0050] The main storage tank 400 is connected to two sets of independent spray elements 300 and a general spray element 700 via independent pipelines, enabling simultaneous liquid supply. This ensures synchronized liquid flow supply for the two-stage guiding spray within the tower body 100 and the general spray within the spray chamber 600, meeting the continuous liquid flow requirements of multi-stage gas-liquid contact. Two first pipelines ensure that the liquid supply to the two sets of independent spray elements 300 does not interfere with each other, guaranteeing uniform liquid flow coverage in the corresponding area of ​​each set of independent spray elements 300. The connection of the second pipeline to the general spray element 700 ensures that the uniformly distributed airflow within the spray chamber 600 can fully contact the liquid flow.

[0051] The pipeline design works in conjunction with the connection structure of the main liquid storage tank 400 and the heating liquid tank 500. When the ambient temperature is suitable, the liquid can be supplied to the entire system through the main liquid storage tank 400 alone, reducing heating energy consumption. At the same time, the independent pipeline allows the liquid flow rate of each spray component to be individually controlled, adapting to the gas-liquid contact requirements under different working conditions. It works in synergy with the airflow guidance of the guide component 200 and the airflow distribution of the equalization pipe 800 to further improve the stability of the demisting and dust removal effect and the economic efficiency of equipment operation.

[0052] Furthermore, the two first pipelines are connected by a pipe equipped with a shut-off valve 1100. The heating liquid tank 500 is connected to the first pipeline near the lower independent spray element 300 via a pipeline, and this connection point is located between the shut-off valve 1100 and the lower independent spray element 300. The heating liquid tank 500 is also connected to a second pipeline via a pipeline, and this connection point is located between the main storage tank 400 and the distributed spray element 700. When the shut-off valve 1100 is open, the liquid flow in the heating liquid tank 500 can flow into the lower independent spray element 300 through the connecting pipe and the lower first pipeline, and then into the distributed spray element 700 through the second pipeline; when the shut-off valve 1100 is closed, the liquid flow in the heating liquid tank 500 can only flow to the lower independent spray element 300 and the distributed spray element 700, and cannot enter the upper first pipeline.

[0053] The shut-off valve 1100 allows the heating liquid tank 500 to selectively supply liquid to the lower independent spray unit 300 and the distributed spray unit 700, achieving directional supply of heating liquid to specific spray components. When the ambient temperature is low and the lower area is close to the flue gas inlet, where the temperature is even lower and the spray chamber 600 requires special anti-icing measures, opening the shut-off valve 1100 can concentrate the heating liquid supply to the aforementioned areas, enhancing the anti-icing effect in the critical low-temperature areas. At the same time, the upper independent spray unit 300 can continue to be supplied with liquid through the main storage tank 400, adapting to the potentially higher ambient temperature in its area and reducing unnecessary heating energy consumption.

[0054] This structure, in conjunction with the overall liquid supply capacity of the main storage tank 400, forms a graded temperature-controlled liquid supply mode. This ensures the liquid flow temperature in critical low-temperature areas to prevent freezing, while also optimizing energy consumption through selective liquid supply. Combined with the graded airflow treatment of the two-stage independent spray units 300 and the deep purification function distributed throughout the spray units 700, it enhances the targeted anti-icing effect while ensuring gas-liquid contact efficiency at each processing stage, further strengthening the equipment's stable operation in complex temperature environments.

[0055] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas demisting and dust removal device, characterized in that, include: The tower body (100) has an airflow passage (101) from bottom to top. A flow guide (200) is disposed inside the tower body (100). The flow guide (200) has a flow guide path (201) communicating with the airflow passage (101). The flow guide (200) also has a flow guide plate (210) located above the flow guide path (201). The flow guide plate (210) is used to guide the airflow in the flow guide path (201) to diffuse circumferentially to the inner wall of the airflow passage (101). An independent spray element (300) is disposed inside the tower body (100) and above the guide plate (210). The independent spray element (300) can spray the liquid flow onto the circumferentially diffused airflow under the action of the guide plate (200). The main liquid storage tank (400) and the heating liquid tank (500) are both connected to the independent spray element (300) and are used to supply liquid to the independent spray element (300) separately. The main liquid storage tank (400) is also connected to the heating liquid tank (500) to supply liquid to the heating liquid tank (500).

2. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (210) is a conical cover. The side of the guide plate (210) facing the direction of the airflow is a concave guide surface (211) and the side facing the independent spray element (300) is a convex guide surface (212). The convex guide surface (212) is used to guide the liquid flow sprayed by the independent spray element (300) to diffuse to the outer periphery. The inner wall of the guide passage (201) is also provided with a number of swirling blades (220). The swirling blades (220) are located below the guide plate (210). The swirling blades (220) are arranged at intervals along the circumference and are all inclined to guide the airflow to the concave guide surface (211).

3. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A spray chamber (600) is located at the top of the tower body (100) and is connected to the airflow passage (101). The top of the spray chamber (600) is provided with a clean airflow outlet (601). The spray chamber (600) is provided with a plurality of distributed spray elements (700). The distributed spray elements (700) are connected to one of the main liquid storage tank (400) and the heating liquid tank (500). A flow equalization pipe (800) is disposed inside the spray chamber (600) and located below the distributed spray components (700). The flow equalization pipe (800) is arranged in a horizontal direction. Each flow equalization pipe (800) has several diffuser openings (801) through its peripheral wall. The diffuser openings (801) are used to allow upward airflow and downward liquid flow to pass through.

4. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the tower body (100) is provided with a centralized liquid guiding cavity (110) for receiving the refluxed liquid flow. The centralized liquid guiding cavity (110) is connected to the main liquid storage tank (400) and is used to guide the refluxed liquid flow to the main liquid storage tank (400).

5. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the guide member (200) has a reflux liquid guiding surface (230) that extends downwards and away from the center. The outer edge of the reflux liquid guiding surface (230) abuts against the inner wall of the airflow passage (101). The outer edge of the guide member (200) is provided with a plurality of reflux liquid outlets (231), which are used to supply liquid flow to flow downwards.

6. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the flow guide (200) and the independent spray component (300) are in two sets, and are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, and are arranged vertically in sequence on the inner wall of the airflow passage (101).

7. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the tower body (100) is also fitted with a liquid flow shroud (900), and an unobstructed flow channel (901) is formed between the liquid flow shroud (900) and the outer wall of the tower body (100). The outer wall of the tower body (100) is provided with a connecting groove (102) for connecting the unobstructed flow channel (901) and the airflow passage (101). A connecting pipe (1200) connected to the centralized liquid guiding chamber (110) is connected to the unobstructed flow channel (901). Two sets of the flow guiding components (200) are respectively set close to the upper and lower ends of the liquid flow shroud (900).

8. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A liquid flow baffle ring (1000) is slidably and vertically disposed within the airflow passage (101). The outer side of the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) is provided with a sliding seat (1003) that penetrates a through-connecting groove (102). The sliding seat (1003) is provided with a guide rod (1004) that extends upward through the top wall of the liquid flow cover (900). The inner wall of the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) has a second baffle (1002), and the number of second baffles (1002) is several. And it is set one-to-one with the return liquid outlet (231); the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) is configured to, after sliding upward, cancel the blocking of the connecting groove (102), and use the inner wall of the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) to block the return liquid outlet (231); the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) is configured to, after sliding downward, block the connecting groove (102), and drive the liquid flow baffle ring (1000) to move down to cancel the blocking of the return liquid outlet (231). A linear drive (1300) is disposed on the liquid flow cover (900) and connected to the guide rod (1004) for driving the liquid flow baffle (1000) to slide up and down.

9. The flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main liquid storage tank (400) is connected to the two independent spray elements (300) through two first pipelines respectively. The main liquid storage tank (400) and the distributed spray element (700) are connected through a second pipeline. The main liquid storage tank (400) can supply liquid to the two independent spray elements (300) and the distributed spray element (700) simultaneously.

10. A flue gas demisting and dust removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A shut-off valve (1100) is provided between the two first pipelines, the shut-off valve (1100) being used to supply liquid from the heating liquid tank (500) to the spray elements (700) and the individual spray elements (300) located below.

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