Saddle capable of automatically adjusting main suspension gap for electric tractor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of commercial vehicles, in particular to a saddle capable of automatically adjusting a main suspension gap for an electric tractor. Through cooperation of the front-back displacement mechanism, the sliding rail, the sliding plate, the toothed plate, the VCU vehicle control unit, the CAN / Lin communication network unit and the main suspension distance sensor, the effect of automatically adjusting the main suspension gap is achieved, the main suspension distance sensor monitors gap data between main suspension bodies in real time, the gap data are transmitted to the VCU vehicle control unit through the CAN / Lin communication network unit, and the gap data are transmitted to the VCU vehicle control unit through the CAN / Lin communication network unit. The VCU vehicle control unit controls the double-shaft motor to start according to preset parameters and actual working conditions, the double-shaft motor drives the first gear to rotate, the first gear is meshed with the toothed plate to drive the sliding plate to move front and back along the sliding rail, then the saddle body is driven to move synchronously, automatic and accurate adjustment of the main suspension gap is achieved, and the requirement for matching of different transportation working conditions and main suspension is met; driving bumping vibration is reduced, the wind resistance coefficient is reduced, and the vehicle economical efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of commercial vehicles, in particular to a saddle capable of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap for an electric tractor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tractor saddle is a key component connecting the tractor and the semitrailer. The saddle is mainly used to bear the front load of the semitrailer and is connected to the traction pin of the semitrailer through a locking mechanism to realize the transmission of horizontal and vertical forces between the tractor and the semitrailer. Meanwhile, the saddle also plays a role in steering and buffering during vehicle driving.

[0003] Through retrieval, a utility model with the patent number CN221718661U and the name of a connecting device of a heavy-duty tractor saddle has been found. Through research and analysis, it is found that although it has the advantages of increasing the carrying capacity of the overall device, being convenient to process, and improving the overall production efficiency during use, it still has the following shortcomings to some extent.

[0004] For example, it does not have the functions of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap and the height, the main-hitch gap is fixed and difficult to adjust, and it cannot adapt to different transportation conditions and main-hitch matching requirements, which leads to easy jolting and vibration during vehicle driving, affects the quality of goods transportation, and shortens the service life of the vehicle. At the same time, the fixed gap increases the wind resistance coefficient of the whole vehicle, reducing the economy of the vehicle. In addition, it cannot adjust the axle load distribution according to different conditions such as empty load, full load, and half load, making it difficult to ensure transportation safety. Moreover, the main-hitch docking operation is inconvenient, and during turning and changing direction, the main-hitch interference may occur due to unreasonable gap, further affecting transportation efficiency and driving safety. In order to solve the above technical problems, we have designed a saddle capable of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap for an electric tractor. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a saddle capable of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap for an electric tractor, which has the advantages of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap and the height, optimizing the axle load distribution, and improving the docking convenience. It solves the problem of the traditional tractor saddle not having the functions of automatically adjusting the main-hitch gap and the height, the main-hitch gap being fixed and difficult to adjust, and being unable to adapt to different transportation conditions and main-hitch matching requirements during use.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: A saddle capable of automatically adjusting the gap between the main and the hanging part of an electric tractor, comprising a connecting plate, a bearing plate and a VCU vehicle control unit, the top of the connecting plate is connected with a slide rail through bolts, the left side of the surface of the slide rail is sleeved with a slide plate, the opposite sides of the slide rail are both connected with a toothed plate through bolts, the bottom of the slide plate is connected with a front and rear displacement mechanism through bolts, the left side of the top of the slide plate and the right side of the bottom of the bearing plate are both connected with a fixed block through bolts, the front side and the rear side of the fixed block are both movably connected with a first connecting rod through a rotating shaft, the top of the slide plate and the bottom of the bearing plate are both connected with a guide plate through bolts, the left side of the surface of the guide plate on the top and the right side of the surface of the guide plate on the bottom are both movably sleeved with a guide sleeve, the inside of the guide sleeve is movably connected with a second connecting rod, the top of the bearing plate is connected with a saddle body through bolts, the opposite side of the guide sleeve is movably connected with a pull rod, the surface of the pull rod is connected with a rack through bolts, the left side of the top of the slide plate is connected with a lifting mechanism through bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the front and rear displacement mechanism comprises a horizontal plate, the top of the horizontal plate is connected with the slide plate through bolts, the top of the horizontal plate is connected with a double-shaft motor through bolts, the output end of the double-shaft motor is connected with a first gear through bolts, and the bottom of the first gear is engaged with the toothed plate.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a supporting plate, the bottom of the supporting plate is connected with the slide plate through bolts, the top of the supporting plate is connected with a self-locking motor through bolts, the output end of the self-locking motor is connected with a second gear through bolts, and the bottom of the second gear is engaged with the rack.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the bearing plates is two, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are movably connected through a connecting shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the left side of the top of the connecting plate is connected with a first reinforcing plate through bolts, and the right side of the top of the connecting plate is connected with a second reinforcing plate through bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the pull rod are movably connected with the second connecting rod on the front side and the second connecting rod on the rear side respectively, and the number of the connecting plates is two.

[0012] Preferably, the VCU vehicle control unit is signal-connected with a CAN / Lin communication network unit, the CAN / Lin communication network unit is bidirectionally electrically connected with a main and hanging distance sensor, and the output end of the VCU vehicle control unit is unidirectionally electrically connected with the double-shaft motor and the self-locking motor respectively.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The application achieves the effect of automatically adjusting the main hanging gap through the cooperation of the front and rear displacement mechanism, the slide rail, the slide plate, the tooth plate, the VCU vehicle control unit, the CAN / Lin communication network unit and the main hanging distance sensor. The main hanging distance sensor monitors the gap data between the main hanging in real time, which is transmitted to the VCU vehicle control unit through the CAN / Lin communication network unit. The VCU vehicle control unit controls the dual-shaft motor to start according to the preset parameters and the actual working conditions. The first gear is driven to rotate by the dual-shaft motor, the slide plate is driven to move along the slide rail forward and backward by the first gear meshing with the tooth plate, and then the saddle body is synchronously displaced, realizing the automatic and accurate adjustment of the main hanging gap, adapting to different transportation conditions and main hanging matching requirements, reducing driving bumping vibration, reducing the wind resistance coefficient, and improving the economy of the vehicle.

[0015] 2. The application can realize the automatic adjustment of the saddle height through the cooperation of the lifting mechanism, the pull rod, the rack, the guide plate, the guide sleeve, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The VCU vehicle control unit controls the self-locking motor to start, the second gear is driven to rotate by the self-locking motor, the pull rod is driven to move by the second gear meshing with the rack, the guide sleeve is driven to slide along the guide plate by the pull rod, the second connecting rod is driven to move by the guide sleeve, and the first connecting rod is driven to lift the bearing plate, so as to adjust the height of the saddle body. The axle load distribution can be optimized according to different working conditions such as empty load, full load and half load, and the transportation safety is ensured. At the same time, the adjustability of the height and the gap makes the main hanging docking more convenient, avoids the interference of the main hanging vehicle when turning, improves the transportation efficiency and driving safety, and effectively solves the drawbacks of the traditional tractor saddle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structure perspective view of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a local structure perspective view of the application;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a connecting plate structure perspective view of the application;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a lifting mechanism perspective view of the application;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a front and rear displacement mechanism perspective view of the application;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a front and rear displacement mechanism perspective view of the application;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a slide plate structure perspective view of the application;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a first connecting rod structure and second connecting rod structure perspective view of the application;

[0024] Figure 9 isometric view of the local structure of the present application;

[0025] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1, connecting plate; 2, bearing plate; 3, VCU vehicle control unit; 4, slide rail; 5, slide plate; 6, toothed plate; 7, front and rear displacement mechanism; 701, cross plate; 702, double-shaft motor; 703, first gear; 8, fixed block; 9, first connecting rod; 10, guide plate; 11, guide sleeve; 12, second connecting rod; 13, saddle body; 14, pull rod; 15, rack; 16, lifting mechanism; 1601, support plate; 1602, self-locking motor; 1603, second gear; 17, first reinforcing plate; 18, second reinforcing plate; 19, CAN / Lin communication network unit; 20, main hanging distance sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-10The utility model provides an automatic adjustable main gap saddle for electric traction vehicle, including connecting plate 1, bearing plate 2 and VCU vehicle control unit 3, through setting up connecting plate 1, as the connecting foundation of device and electric traction vehicle, can provide stable support for top structure, guarantee the firmness of overall installation, through setting up bearing plate 2, for bearing saddle body 13, and cooperate connecting rod mechanism and realize height adjustment, ensure that saddle body 13 keeps horizontal stability during lifting, through setting up VCU vehicle control unit 3, as the control core of whole device, can receive sensor data and accurately control power component operation, realize automatic adjustment, the top of connecting plate 1 is connected with slide rail 4 through bolt, through setting up slide rail 4, can provide guiding track for the front and back movement of sliding plate 5, limit the displacement direction of sliding plate 5, avoid the deviation during movement, ensure the accuracy of gap adjustment, the left side of the surface of slide rail 4 is sleeved with sliding plate 5, through setting up sliding plate 5, as the intermediate carrier of connecting front and back displacement mechanism 7 and top lifting related structure, can drive saddle body 13 synchronous front and back movement, realize main gap adjustment, the opposite side of slide rail 4 is connected with toothed plate 6 through bolt, through setting up toothed plate 6, can mesh with first gear 703 and form transmission structure, convert the rotary power of double-shaft motor 702 into the linear displacement power of sliding plate 5, guarantee the stability of power transmission, the bottom of sliding plate 5 is connected with front and back displacement mechanism 7 through bolt, the left side of the top of sliding plate 5 and the right side of the bottom of bearing plate 2 are connected with fixed block 8 through bolt, through setting up fixed block 8, can provide mounting fulcrum for first connecting rod 9, ensure that first connecting rod 9 can rotate flexibly around fixed block 8, the front side and the back side of fixed block 8 are movably connected with first connecting rod 9 through pivot, through setting up first connecting rod 9, can cooperate with second connecting rod 12 and form scissor lifting structure, convert the horizontal movement of guide sleeve 11 into the vertical lifting of bearing plate 2, realize saddle height adjustment, the top of sliding plate 5 and the bottom of bearing plate 2 are connected with guide plate 10 through bolt, through setting up guide plate 10, can provide track for the sliding of guide sleeve 11, limit the movement range of guide sleeve 11, ensure that guide sleeve 11 drives second connecting rod 12 accurate movement, the left side of the surface of top guide plate 10 and the right side of the surface of bottom guide plate 10 are movably sleeved with guide sleeve 11, through setting up guide sleeve 11, can slide along guide plate 10 under the driving of pull rod 14, then pull second connecting rod 12 movement, the inside of guide sleeve 11 is movably connected with second connecting rod 12, through setting up second connecting rod 12, can form linkage structure with first connecting rod 9, commonly support bearing plate 2, and realize the lifting of bearing plate 2 under the driving of guide sleeve 11, the top of bearing plate 2 is connected with saddle body 13 through bolt, through setting up saddle body 13, can be directly connected with trailer, provide stable support point for trailer, guarantee the reliability of main hanging connection, the opposite side of guide sleeve 11 is movably connected with pull rod 14, through setting up pull rod 14, can drive both sides guide sleeve 11 movement simultaneously, ensure that both sides guide sleeve 11 displacement is consistent,In order to avoid the inclination of the bearing plate 2 during lifting, the surface of the pull rod 14 is connected with a rack 15 through a bolt, by arranging the rack 15, the power can be transmitted by meshing with the second gear 1603, the rotating power of the self-locking motor 1602 is converted into the horizontal movement power of the pull rod 14, the automation of height adjustment is realized, the left side of the top of the sliding plate 5 is connected with a lifting mechanism 16 through a bolt, by arranging the lifting mechanism 16, the movement of the pull rod 14 can be powered, and the self-locking motor 1602 has a self-locking function, so that the position of the pull rod 14 can be fixed after the height adjustment is completed, and the accidental lifting of the bearing plate 2 is prevented.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 The front and rear displacement mechanism 7 comprises a cross plate 701, which can provide a mounting platform for the dual-shaft motor 702, so as to ensure that the dual-shaft motor 702 is stably fixed at the bottom of the sliding plate 5 and avoid shaking during motor operation; the top of the cross plate 701 is connected with the sliding plate 5 through a bolt, the top of the cross plate 701 is connected with the dual-shaft motor 702 through a bolt, the dual-shaft motor 702 can drive the two first gears 703 to rotate at the same time, so as to ensure that the power output on both sides is consistent, the sliding plate 5 is balanced, and the movement is more stable, and the dual-shaft motor 702 has a self-locking device and can be self-locked after power failure; the output end of the dual-shaft motor 702 is connected with the first gear 703 through a bolt, the first gear 703 is arranged as a key component for power transmission, can mesh with the toothed plate 6 to realize power conversion, and ensures that the sliding plate 5 can move accurately along the slide rail 4; the bottom of the first gear 703 is meshed with the toothed plate 6.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 The lifting mechanism 16 comprises a support plate 1601, which can provide stable mounting support for the self-locking motor 1602, so as to ensure that the self-locking motor 1602 remains fixed during operation and avoid affecting transmission accuracy due to vibration; the bottom of the support plate 1601 is connected with the sliding plate 5 through a bolt, the top of the support plate 1601 is connected with the self-locking motor 1602 through a bolt, the self-locking motor 1602 can not only provide power for height adjustment, but also lock the position of the output shaft after adjustment to prevent accidental movement of the rack 15 and the pull rod 14 and ensure the stability of the saddle height; the output end of the self-locking motor 1602 is connected with the second gear 1603 through a bolt, the second gear 1603 can mesh with the rack 15 to realize power transmission and convert the rotary motion of the motor into the linear motion of the pull rod 14, so as to ensure the accuracy of height adjustment; the bottom of the second gear 1603 is meshed with the rack 15.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1The number of the bearing plates 2 is two. The device can be supported and borne from two sides by arranging two connecting plates 1 and two bearing plates 2, the bearing capacity and stability of the overall structure are improved, and deformation caused by excessive stress on one side is avoided. The first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 12 are movably connected through the connecting shaft. The first connecting rod 9 and the second connecting rod 12 can be flexibly rotated by arranging the connecting shaft, and the normal operation of the scissor lifting structure is ensured.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 The left side of the top of the connecting plate 1 is provided with the first reinforcing plate 17 through bolt connection, and the right side of the top of the connecting plate 1 is provided with the second reinforcing plate 18 through bolt connection. The first reinforcing plate 17 and the second reinforcing plate 18 can enhance the structural strength of the connecting plate 1, prevent the connecting plate 1 from bending or breaking during long-term bearing, and prolong the service life of the device.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 The front end and the rear end of the pull rod 14 are movably connected with the front second connecting rod 12 and the rear second connecting rod 12 respectively. Through this connection mode, the pull rod 14 can drive the front and rear second connecting rods 12 to move synchronously when the pull rod 14 moves, and the lifting height of the two bearing plates 2 is ensured to be consistent. The number of the connecting plates 1 is two.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10 The VCU vehicle control unit 3 is signal connected with the CAN / Lin communication network unit 19. The CAN / Lin communication network unit 19 can realize fast data transmission between the VCU vehicle control unit 3 and the main hanging distance sensor 20, ensure that the sensor data is fed back to the control unit in real time, and provide timely basis for adjustment decision. The main hanging distance sensor 20 is bidirectionally electrically connected with the CAN / Lin communication network unit 19. The main hanging distance sensor 20 is installed on the surface of the main trailer, can monitor the gap distance between the main vehicle and the trailer in real time, can provide accurate gap data for the VCU vehicle control unit 3, and ensure that the gap adjustment meets the actual demand. The output end of the VCU vehicle control unit 3 is unidirectionally electrically connected with the double-shaft motor 702 and the self-locking motor 1602.

[0034] A use method of the saddle capable of automatically adjusting the main-hanging gap of the electric tractor, comprising the following steps:

[0035] A: The main-hanging distance sensor 20 monitors the gap data between the main-hanging in real time, transmits the data to the VCU vehicle control unit 3 through the CAN / Lin communication network unit 19, and judges whether the main-hanging gap and the saddle height need to be adjusted according to the preset parameters and the actual transportation conditions.

[0036] B: When the main gap needs to be adjusted, the VCU vehicle control unit 3 controls the double-shaft motor 702 to start, the double-shaft motor 702 drives the first gear 703 to rotate, the first gear 703 meshes with the toothed plate 6, drives the sliding plate 5 to move forward and backward along the slide rail 4, the sliding plate 5 drives the top saddle body 13 to move synchronously until the main gap reaches the preset value, the double-shaft motor 702 stops working, and the automatic adjustment of the gap is completed;

[0037] C: When the saddle height needs to be adjusted, the VCU vehicle control unit 3 controls the self-locking motor 1602 to start, the self-locking motor 1602 drives the second gear 1603 to rotate, the second gear 1603 meshes with the rack 15, drives the pull rod 14 to move left and right, the pull rod 14 drives the guide sleeve 11 to slide along the guide plate 10, the guide sleeve 11 drives the second connecting rod 12 to move, the second connecting rod 12 cooperates with the first connecting rod 9, drives the bearing plate 2 and the top saddle body 13 to ascend and descend, and after reaching the preset height, the self-locking motor 1602 is self-locked and stopped, and the automatic adjustment of the height is completed.

[0038] In summary: the saddle with automatically adjustable main gap for electric towing vehicle solves the problems that the traditional towing vehicle saddle does not have the functions of automatic adjustment of main gap and height adjustment, the main gap is fixed and difficult to adjust, and cannot adapt to different transportation conditions and main matching requirements through the cooperation of the front and rear displacement mechanism 7, the slide rail 4, the sliding plate 5, the toothed plate 6, the VCU vehicle control unit 3, the CAN / Lin communication network unit 19 and the main gap sensor 20.

Claims

1. A saddle for an electric tractor with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance, comprising a connecting plate (1), a bearing plate (2), and a VCU vehicle control unit (3), characterized in that: The top of the connecting plate (1) is bolted to a slide rail (4). A slide plate (5) is slidably fitted on the left side of the slide rail (4). A toothed plate (6) is bolted to the opposite side of the slide rail (4). A front-to-back displacement mechanism (7) is bolted to the bottom of the slide plate (5). A fixing block (8) is bolted to the left side of the top of the slide plate (5) and the right side of the bottom of the bearing plate (2). A first connecting rod (9) is movably connected to the front and rear sides of the fixing block (8) via a rotating shaft. The top of the slide plate (5) and the bottom of the bearing plate (2) are connected to a sliding plate (6). A guide plate (10) is bolted to the top of the plate (10). A guide sleeve (11) is slidably fitted on the left side of the top guide plate (10) and the right side of the bottom guide plate (10). A second connecting rod (12) is movably connected inside the guide sleeve (11). A saddle body (13) is bolted to the top of the bearing plate (2). A pull rod (14) is movably connected through the opposite side of the guide sleeve (11). A rack (15) is bolted to the surface of the pull rod (14). A lifting mechanism (16) is bolted to the left side of the top of the slide plate (5).

2. The saddle for an electric tractor with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The forward and backward displacement mechanism (7) includes a horizontal plate (701), the top of which is connected to the slide plate (5) by bolts, and a dual-axis motor (702) is connected to the top of the horizontal plate (701) by bolts. The output end of the dual-axis motor (702) is connected to a first gear (703) by bolts, and the bottom of the first gear (703) meshes with the toothed plate (6).

3. A saddle with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance for an electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (16) includes a support plate (1601), the bottom of which is connected to the slide plate (5) by bolts, and the top of which is connected to a self-locking motor (1602) by bolts. The output end of the self-locking motor (1602) is connected to a second gear (1603) by bolts, and the bottom of the second gear (1603) meshes with the rack (15).

4. A saddle with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance for an electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two bearing plates (2), and the first connecting rod (9) and the second connecting rod (12) are movably connected by a connecting shaft.

5. A saddle with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance for an electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top left side of the connecting plate (1) is connected to a first reinforcing plate (17) by bolts, and the top right side of the connecting plate (1) is connected to a second reinforcing plate (18) by bolts.

6. A saddle with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance for an electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end and rear end of the pull rod (14) are respectively connected to the second connecting rod (12) on the front side and the second connecting rod (12) on the rear side through a passage, and there are two connecting plates (1).

7. A saddle with automatically adjustable main-trailer clearance for an electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The VCU vehicle control unit (3) is connected to a CAN / Lin communication network unit (19), which is bidirectionally electrically connected to a main-mounted distance sensor (20). The output terminal of the VCU vehicle control unit (3) is unidirectionally electrically connected to a dual-axis motor (702) and a self-locking motor (1602).

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