Illuminating system integrated with Bluetooth positioning function

Abstract

The invention provides an illumination system integrated with a Bluetooth positioning function, and relates to the technical field of indoor positioning and intelligent illumination. The system comprises a lighting carrier, a Bluetooth beacon module, a power source parasitic module, a photoelectric conformal multi-dimensional positioning assembly, a crowd-sourcing cooperative processing module and a central controller. A Bluetooth beacon and a visible light communication light-emitting array are integrated in an illumination carrier, so that plane positioning based on Bluetooth RSS I and height measurement based on a light intensity inverse proportional square rule are realized, and three-dimensional position coordinates of a mobile terminal are obtained. The nodes realize multi-point distributed cooperative positioning through Mesh networking, and people flow density analysis, dynamic illumination adjustment and guide control are carried out in combination with a central controller. The system can automatically adjust the positioning signal transmitting power and frequency according to the people flow situation, energy-saving optimization is achieved, and abnormal crowd behavior detection and early warning linkage is supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of indoor positioning and intelligent lighting technology, and in particular to a lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning function. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of smart buildings, intelligent security, and indoor navigation, the demand for high-precision indoor positioning systems is increasing. Compared with traditional Wi-Fi or infrared positioning technologies, positioning systems based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons have become one of the mainstream indoor positioning technologies due to their advantages such as low power consumption, low cost, and flexible deployment.

[0003] However, most BLE positioning systems on the market currently use independently installed beacon devices. These beacons require separate deployment, wiring, or battery power, resulting in complex deployment and high costs: independent beacon devices require additional wiring or battery replacement, increasing installation and maintenance costs; secondly, a large number of beacon devices distributed on walls or ceilings are obtrusive and affect aesthetics.

[0004] Furthermore, LED lighting equipment, as a high-density, fixed-location, and power-stable infrastructure in buildings, has a deployment density that closely matches the node spacing required by indoor positioning systems. Integrating positioning functionality into the lighting system can significantly reduce deployment costs and wiring complexity, and also utilize existing power and space resources to achieve a concealed, low-cost, high-density indoor positioning network. Therefore, we propose a lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning functionality, thereby resolving the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning function, comprising:

[0008] The lighting carrier, including a base and an annular housing, is used to provide basic lighting functions;

[0009] The Bluetooth beacon module is parasiticly installed inside the base and is used to periodically transmit Bluetooth Low Energy positioning signals;

[0010] The power parasitic module has its input end connected to the driving power supply of the lighting carrier, and its output end provides a stable DC voltage to the Bluetooth beacon module;

[0011] The optoelectronic conformal multidimensional positioning component includes a PCB serpentine Bluetooth antenna and a visible light communication light-emitting array arranged along the annular shell. The Bluetooth signal is used for planar positioning, and the visible light signal is used for altitude information measurement, thereby realizing three-dimensional indoor positioning.

[0012] The crowd intelligence collaborative processing module is used to collect multi-point Bluetooth positioning data and share it to the central controller through a Mesh network. Combined with feedback from mobile terminals, it realizes pedestrian behavior analysis and lighting guidance linkage. The lighting system can realize indoor three-dimensional positioning and pedestrian flow guidance based on crowd intelligence collaboration while providing lighting.

[0013] The visible light communication light-emitting array of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component shares a heat dissipation substrate with the LED lighting beads, and outputs positioning light signals through PWM modulation.

[0014] The visible light signal of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component contains height encoding information, which is used to assist Bluetooth planar positioning in achieving three-dimensional coordinate calculation.

[0015] The collective intelligence collaborative processing module includes a local edge computing unit, which is used to filter and preprocess the received RSSI signal before uploading it to the central controller.

[0016] The collective intelligence collaborative processing module connects at least three lighting carrier nodes through a Mesh network to achieve distributed positioning and data sharing.

[0017] The central controller analyzes pedestrian density in real time based on data uploaded by the crowd intelligence collaborative processing module, and dynamically adjusts lighting brightness and zoning guidance according to pedestrian flow trends.

[0018] The transmission power and positioning signal transmission interval of the Bluetooth beacon module can be dynamically adjusted according to the density of people to reduce energy consumption and improve positioning accuracy.

[0019] When the system detects abnormal crowd gathering or reverse movement, it automatically triggers a warning light mode and broadcasts the alarm information to the mobile terminal via Bluetooth.

[0020] The system's photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component and swarm intelligence collaborative processing module can be remotely upgraded to optimize the positioning algorithm and update the crowd flow analysis model.

[0021] The system achieves integrated functions of indoor navigation, energy-saving dimming, and emergency evacuation guidance through multimodal fusion of Bluetooth signals, visible light signals, and pedestrian flow data.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention integrates a Bluetooth beacon module, a power parasitic module, and a photoelectric conformal multi-dimensional positioning component into LED lighting equipment, achieving structural fusion and functional reuse of lighting and positioning systems. It eliminates the need for additional positioning equipment or wiring, significantly reducing deployment costs and maintenance complexity, while ensuring the consistency and concealment of the equipment's appearance and enhancing the overall aesthetics of the space.

[0024] This invention combines the planar positioning capability of Bluetooth RSSI signals with the height encoding information output by a visible light communication module to achieve three-dimensional spatial coordinate calculation. Compared with traditional two-dimensional positioning systems, this invention can sense the position of a target in the X, Y, and Z directions with an accuracy of meters or even sub-meter level, making it particularly suitable for scenarios requiring hierarchical management or guaranteed vertical accuracy (such as shopping malls, airports, building navigation, etc.).

[0025] This invention enables dynamic adjustment of the Bluetooth beacon module's transmission power and broadcast frequency based on pedestrian density, achieving on-demand positioning, dynamic dimming, and energy-saving control. The system automatically enters power-saving mode in low-traffic areas and enhances broadcasting in high-density areas to improve response speed, thereby reducing overall system energy consumption without sacrificing user experience.

[0026] This invention introduces a collaborative processing mechanism to improve positioning stability and network reliability: the system connects multiple lighting nodes through a mesh network, constructing a multi-hop redundant structure to achieve distributed data sharing and collaborative processing. Each node integrates a local edge computing unit, which can filter, compress, and preprocess RSSI data, reducing transmission burden, improving positioning accuracy, and enhancing the system's self-recovery capability in the event of node failure.

[0027] This invention supports the linkage of crowd density analysis, trajectory prediction, and emergency early warning: the central controller models crowd behavior based on data uploaded from multiple nodes, enabling crowd gathering detection, movement direction analysis, and trend prediction. When the system detects abnormal density or unexpected situations such as reverse flow, it automatically triggers warning light modes and Bluetooth broadcasts, achieving rapid emergency response and evacuation guidance, and ensuring spatial operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting device structure of the present invention;

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Annular housing; 10. Power supply device; 2. Bluetooth beacon module; 3. Heat insulation pad; 4. Annular housing; 40. PCB serpentine antenna; 41. Coaxial feed line; 5. High-brightness LED chip; 6. High-transmittance mask. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning function, including: a lighting carrier, including a base and an annular shell, for providing basic lighting function;

[0032] The Bluetooth beacon module, parasiticly mounted inside the base, is used to periodically transmit Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) positioning signals;

[0033] The power parasitic module has its input end connected to the driving power supply of the lighting carrier, and its output end provides a stable DC voltage to the Bluetooth beacon module;

[0034] The optoelectronic conformal multidimensional positioning component includes a PCB serpentine Bluetooth antenna and a visible light communication light-emitting array arranged along the annular shell. The Bluetooth signal is used for planar positioning, and the visible light signal is used for altitude information measurement, thereby realizing three-dimensional indoor positioning.

[0035] In detail: The optoelectronic conformal multidimensional positioning component consists of two main parts: a PCB snake-shaped Bluetooth antenna and a visible light communication light-emitting array (VLC array);

[0036] Bluetooth signals are used for planar (XY) positioning; visible light signals are used for altitude (Z) information measurement; by fusing the two, three-dimensional indoor positioning is achieved.

[0037] PCB serpentine Bluetooth antenna planar positioning: The Bluetooth antenna adopts a serpentine PCB wiring method, arranged along the circumference of the annular shell to form uniform 360° coverage. The antenna gain is 2–3 dBi, and the coverage radius is approximately 3–8 m, suitable for positioning in small to medium-sized indoor spaces.

[0038] The detailed steps are: the Bluetooth module uses a period T s A low-power signal is transmitted, and the mobile terminal receives the signal and measures the received signal strength (RSSI). The relationship between RSS and distance d can be expressed by a logarithmic path loss model:

[0039]

[0040] Where: RSSI(d): represents the signal strength measured at the receiver at a distance of d meters from the transmitter (usually in dBm); RSSI(d0): represents the signal strength measured at a reference distance d0 (usually set to 1 meter); n: environmental path loss factor, reflecting the attenuation rate of the signal during propagation. Its value depends on environmental characteristics and is generally between 2 (free space) and 4.5 (complex indoor environment); χ represents the proportional relationship between the current distance d and the reference distance d0, and reflects the logarithmic attenuation characteristic of the signal in logarithmic form; σ The noise term follows a Gaussian distribution (mean 0, standard deviation σ) and is used to simulate random fluctuations caused by factors such as multipath effects and obstructions.

[0041] The above formula is based on the logarithmic distance path loss model, which describes the mathematical relationship between signal strength and distance: the farther the distance, the weaker the signal strength; under the logarithmic scale, the RSSI decreases approximately linearly; by using the RSSI(d) measured at the receiver and substituting the parameters in the above formula, the estimated distance d can be derived, which can then be used for positioning calculation.

[0042] In this invention, each lighting device integrates a Bluetooth beacon module that periodically broadcasts a positioning signal. The mobile terminal receives the signal and measures the RSSI value. The distance between the beacon and the terminal is then calculated by reverse engineering using the aforementioned model. When three or more lighting beacons are involved, the planar coordinates can be calculated using the triangulation method or the least squares method.

[0043] To further improve accuracy, this system also incorporates visible light coded signals emitted by the photoelectric conformal module to provide vertical height or auxiliary numbering information, thereby achieving complete three-dimensional spatial coordinate positioning.

[0044] Planar positioning principle: Using the RSSI values ​​of at least three Bluetooth nodes, the mobile terminal can calculate its coordinates in the XY plane using trilateration.

[0045] (x,y)=f(RSSI1,RSSI2,RSSI3)

[0046] (x,y): Represents the two-dimensional coordinates of the located device in an indoor plane (such as the ground); RSSI1, RSSI2, RSSI3: Represent the signal strength values ​​received by the located device from three different Bluetooth beacons; f: Represents a function that maps multiple RSSI values ​​to corresponding coordinate values ​​through a set of algorithms or functions, which may take the form of analytical solutions, iterative optimization, or neural networks.

[0047] Algorithm derivation and implementation logic (based on trilateration): Given the positions of three Bluetooth beacons: A(x1,y1), B(x2,y2), C(x3,y3).

[0048] Meanwhile, the distances to the three beacons were calculated using the RSSI distance model as: d1, d2, ..., d3

[0049] The target device then satisfies the following set of ternary nonlinear equations:

[0050]

[0051] The specific numerical solution of (x,y) can be obtained by solving this system of equations.

[0052] Examples of implementation methods for function f: Analytical geometry solution: linearize or eliminate variables to solve the above system of equations; Least squares method (LSM): minimize the error between the estimated position and the actual receiving distance by optimizing the calculation in the presence of noise or error; Neural network mapping: pre-train a nonlinear model from RSSI to position coordinates to improve anti-interference capability; Kalman filter / particle filter: used for position estimation in continuous tracking scenarios.

[0053] Height measurement of visible light communication light-emitting array: Structural design: The VLC light-emitting array is embedded in a ring shell and shares a heat dissipation substrate with the lighting LED; the visible light emitted by the array is modulated by PWM or OOK and carries height encoding information or periodic light intensity pulses.

[0054] Altitude information measurement principle: The light intensity I received by the optical sensor of the mobile terminal r The relationship between illuminance and height h can be described by the inverse square law of illuminance:

[0055] Where: I0 is the reference luminous intensity of the LED array at 1 meter; θ is the incident angle of the beam; h is the vertical distance between the terminal and the luminous array. Combining the Bluetooth planar coordinates, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates can be calculated based on the actual horizontal distance r:

[0056]

[0057] 3D indoor positioning is achieved by combining Bluetooth planar positioning and visible light altitude measurement to obtain the 3D coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the mobile terminal.

[0058]

[0059] This fusion method enables indoor 3D positioning with an accuracy of meter-level or even sub-meter-level.

[0060] The crowd intelligence collaborative processing module is used to collect multi-point Bluetooth positioning data and share it to the central controller through a Mesh network. Combined with feedback from mobile terminals, it realizes pedestrian behavior analysis and lighting guidance linkage. The lighting system can realize indoor three-dimensional positioning and pedestrian flow guidance based on crowd intelligence collaboration while providing lighting.

[0061] The crowdsourced collaborative processing module in this invention is mainly used to realize distributed sharing of indoor positioning data, pedestrian behavior analysis, and intelligent lighting guidance. Its working logic consists of three core components: 1. Data acquisition and Mesh network sharing:

[0062] Multi-node Bluetooth data acquisition; multiple indoor lighting nodes (with Bluetooth beacon modules) periodically transmit BLE signals; mobile terminals receive signals and measure RSSI (Received Signal Strength), and can upload the measurement data to the nearest lighting node.

[0063] Mesh network data sharing: Each lighting node transmits data through a mesh network to form a distributed network; the mesh network supports multi-hop transmission between nodes to ensure stable coverage in large-area scenarios.

[0064] The data aggregation formula states that if there are N Bluetooth nodes in the system, the received signal strength vector of the i-th node is represented as:

[0065] RSSI i =(RSSI) i1 RSSI i2 ,...,RSSI iM )

[0066] RSSI i : Represents the RSSI vector sensed by the i-th mobile terminal; RSSI ij : Represents the signal strength index (RSSI) received by the terminal from the j-th Bluetooth beacon node; M: Represents the total number of Bluetooth beacon nodes participating in the positioning process in the system; the total RSSI i The vector reflects the characteristics of multi-source Bluetooth signals perceived by the mobile terminal at its current location.

[0067] In a lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning, multiple lighting fixtures integrate Bluetooth broadcast modules, forming a spatial awareness grid. A mobile terminal receives broadcast signals from multiple surrounding Bluetooth fixtures, obtaining a set of RSSI values, which forms the following feature vector:

[0068]

[0069] This RSSI feature vector, as input, can be used for the following two main computational tasks: Distance estimation: Combining RSSI with a propagation model (such as a log-decay model).ij Converted to distance to each beacon; can be used in algorithms such as trilateration and RSSI fingerprint matching.

[0070] Behavioral pattern recognition: RSSI vectors are used as features to input machine learning models (such as KNN, SVM, LSTM, etc.) to determine the distribution density of people, movement trends, etc.; in this invention, it can be used for functional modules such as pedestrian flow guidance and dynamic light scheduling.

[0071] For example: Suppose the system deploys 5 lighting beacon nodes: The RSSI vector collected by the first terminal might be: RSSI1 = (-67, -73, -80, -65, -78) dBm

[0072] The second terminal has a different location, and its RSSI vector is: RSSI2 = (-75, -69, -84, -72, -76) dBm

[0073] These vector differences represent the differences in terminal spatial location, and therefore can be used to train models or directly calculate two-dimensional locations.

[0074] Through the Mesh network, data from all nodes is aggregated to the central controller:

[0075]

[0076] RSSI total : Represents the set of all RSSI data collected by the system at a certain moment; RSSI i : Represents the RSSI vector collected by the i-th mobile terminal or positioning node at this moment;

[0077] Collective Intelligence Collaborative Pedestrian Behavior Analysis: Multi-point Fusion Positioning: The central controller fuses RSSI data uploaded from multiple nodes and uses weighted least squares or Kalman filtering to obtain the coordinates (X, Y, F, Z) of each mobile terminal in three-dimensional space. j ,Y j Z j ).

[0078] The formula is expressed as: (X j ,Y j Z j )=f(RSSI total VLC j )

[0079] VLC j The visible light intensity information received by the terminal is used for Z-axis height measurement.

[0080] Crowd density calculation: Discretize the location results into an indoor area grid and calculate the crowd density per unit time. Where: nk S represents the number of terminals detected within grid cell k; k This represents the area of ​​the grid cell.

[0081] Pedestrian trajectory prediction: Combining multi-frame historical location data, using velocity vector v j (t) and position sequence (X) j (t),Y j (t)), predicting pedestrian flow trends:

[0082] (X j (t+Δt),Y j (t+Δt))=(X j (t),Y j (t))+v j (t)·Δt

[0083] X j (t),Y j (t) represents the two-dimensional coordinate position of the j-th target (such as personnel or equipment) at time t; v j (t) represents the two-dimensional velocity vector (v) of the j-th target at time t. x ,v y ); Δt represents the time interval (time step), which can be in seconds (s); X j (t+Δt),Y j (t+Δt) represents the new position coordinates of the target after time Δt; thus enabling real-time pedestrian behavior analysis and trend prediction.

[0084] Intelligent lighting guidance and linkage: Dynamic lighting adjustment strategy: When the pedestrian density ρ in a certain area... k Above the threshold ρ max When the light is on, it automatically increases the brightness of the light in that area; for areas with sparse pedestrian traffic, it can reduce the brightness to save energy.

[0085]

[0086] The above formula implements a dynamic pedestrian flow sensing dimming mechanism, which dynamically adjusts the lighting brightness based on the pedestrian flow density in a local area. The core logic is as follows:

[0087] Fully lit when crowded (ρ) k ≥ρ max When the population density in an area reaches or exceeds a set threshold ρ max At that time, the brightness is directly set to the maximum value L. max Suitable for scenarios such as peak traffic hours and emergency evacuation.

[0088] Linear dimming in non-crowded conditions (ρ) k <ρ max )

[0089] When the pedestrian density does not reach the threshold, the brightness is calculated according to the formula: L min +α·ρ k It achieves a smooth transition from minimum to high brightness, improving energy efficiency while maintaining visual comfort.

[0090] Emergency evacuation and guidance: When abnormal gathering or reverse movement is detected, the system can automatically illuminate evacuation path lights and push evacuation prompts to user terminals via Bluetooth broadcast. Collective intelligent collaborative analysis ensures global optimization rather than single-point triggering, achieving more efficient crowd guidance.

[0091] The visible light communication light-emitting array of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component shares a heat dissipation substrate with the LED lighting beads, and outputs positioning light signals through PWM modulation.

[0092] This technical solution relates to a design for a visible light communication (VLC) array and LED lighting chips in a photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component, which share a heat dissipation substrate and outputs positioning light signals via PWM modulation. The core design features: conformal integration of the hardware structure; sharing of the light-emitting device for both optical and lighting signals; and low-power, highly concealed positioning signal output.

[0093] Hardware structure design: A shared heat dissipation substrate is used, with the visible light communication light-emitting array directly integrated onto the metal heat dissipation substrate of the LED lighting module. This design reduces the need for additional PCBs or heat dissipation structures, achieving highly compact and heat-efficient integration.

[0094] Shared light-emitting unit: The VLC array can use dedicated high-speed LEDs or share light-emitting chips with lighting LEDs. Two modes are controlled by the driving circuit: lighting mode: continuous and stable light emission; positioning mode: high-speed PWM modulation output positioning signal.

[0095] Conformal installation and concealment: The light-emitting array and LED beads share the same substrate and lamp housing, achieving conformal optical and electronic components, making it completely consistent with ordinary lighting in appearance, without requiring additional installation space.

[0096] PWM modulation output positioning light signal: PWM modulation principle: The positioning light signal is generated by pulse width modulation (PWM), with a modulation frequency higher than 100Hz to avoid flickering that can be perceived by the human eye.

[0097] The light intensity signal can be expressed as: I(t) = I max ·D(t)

[0098] Among them: I max is the maximum brightness of the LED; D(t) is the duty cycle function, taking values ​​from 0 to 1, used to carry positioning information.

[0099] Positioning signal encoding: Location information or altitude assistance information can be transmitted using OOK (on / off key control) or PWM duty cycle variation encoding. For example: high duty cycle: logic "1"; low duty cycle: logic "0"; Signal detection and altitude measurement: The mobile terminal's optical sensor receives light intensity changes, extracts the PWM signal, and decodes the positioning information. The relationship between light intensity attenuation and altitude h follows the inverse square law:

[0100]

[0101] By combining Bluetooth RSSI planar positioning data, three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) can be calculated.

[0102] System Workflow: When powered by lighting, the LED module emits light normally to provide illumination. Simultaneously, the optoelectronic conformal component outputs a low duty cycle light signal via high-speed PWM, ensuring visual comfort. The mobile terminal receives and decodes the light signal to obtain altitude or location information. The Bluetooth module provides XY-plane positioning, which, combined with optical altimetry, yields complete three-dimensional coordinates.

[0103] The visible light signal of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component contains height-encoded information, which is used to assist Bluetooth planar positioning in achieving three-dimensional coordinate calculation. Specifically:

[0104] System Structure Overview: Optoelectronic Conformal Multidimensional Positioning Components: Includes: PCB serpentine Bluetooth antenna → for XY plane positioning; visible light communication light-emitting array → for highly assisted information transmission; the visible light communication array can share a heat dissipation substrate with LED lighting beads to achieve a compact and concealed integrated structure.

[0105] Signal characteristics: Bluetooth signal: Low power BLE, mainly used for RSSI ranging and planar positioning; Visible light signal: Carries altitude encoded information through PWM or OOK modulation, without affecting the perception of illumination light.

[0106] Bluetooth planar positioning principle (XY calculation): The Bluetooth beacon module periodically transmits signals, and the mobile terminal receives the RSSI value. Based on the logarithmic path loss model, the relationship between received signal strength and distance d can be expressed as:

[0107]

[0108] Where: RSSI(d0) is the reference distance signal strength (usually taken as 1 meter); n is the path loss index (2-3 indoors); χ σ This represents the multipath fading error term. The RSSI of three or more Bluetooth nodes can be calculated using trilateration or the least squares method to determine the XY coordinates.

[0109] (X,Y)=f(RSSI1,RSSI2,RSSI3)

[0110] Visible light height encoding information acquisition (Z-solution): The visible light communication light-emitting array periodically outputs light intensity modulation signals, which contain height encoding information H. code The mobile terminal's optical sensor receives the light intensity signal I. r (t) is then decoded to obtain highly auxiliary data.

[0111] Height information can be determined in two ways: direct encoding method: each light is assigned a unique height code, and the height value is mapped by looking up a table: Z = g(H code )

[0112] Light intensity inverse estimation method (optional enhancement): Estimate the vertical distance h based on the inverse relationship between light intensity and the square of the distance.

[0113]

[0114] Three-dimensional coordinate synthesis: By fusing the Bluetooth XY positioning results with optical altitude information, the indoor three-dimensional coordinates are obtained: (X,Y,Z)=(f(RSSI1,RSSI2,RSSI3),g(H code )).

[0115] The accuracy of 3D positioning can also be further optimized by combining Kalman filtering or weighted least squares.

[0116] The collective intelligence collaborative processing module includes a local edge computing unit, which is used to filter and preprocess the received RSSI signal before uploading it to the central controller.

[0117] System Components: Crowdsourcing Processing Module: Deployed within the lighting system nodes, it consists of the following components: local edge computing unit (MCU or embedded AI processor); RSSI data caching and filtering module; Mesh network communication module;

[0118] Data flow path: The Bluetooth module receives the RSSI signal; the local edge computing unit performs filtering, preprocessing, and feature extraction; the preprocessing results are uploaded to the central controller via the Mesh network; the central controller integrates the data from each node for location and pedestrian flow analysis.

[0119] RSSI signal processing: Original RSSI signal model; The RSSI signal received by the mobile terminal at the i-th node can be represented as:

[0120] RSSI i (t)=RSSI ideal (d i )+χ σ (t)

[0121] Among them: RSSI ideal (di ) represents the calculated value of the ideal path loss model; χ σ (t) represents the noise term caused by multipath interference;

[0122] Filtering and Preprocessing: The local edge computing unit performs low-pass filtering and moving average on the RSSI signal to remove transient jitter.

[0123]

[0124] Where N is the length of the filtering window, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the indoor scene; preprocessing may include Kalman filtering or weighted median filtering to enhance stability.

[0125] Data compression and upload: The preprocessed data volume is significantly reduced, and only key features (such as mean RSSI, variance, and timestamp) are uploaded;

[0126] The formula represents the uploaded dataset as:

[0127] Collective intelligence collaboration and central control:

[0128] Central controller fusion computing: collects preprocessed RSSI data uploaded by all nodes:

[0129]

[0130] Global localization solution based on multi-point weighted least squares method or Kalman filtering:

[0131] (X,Y)=f(RSSI total )

[0132] The collective intelligence collaborative processing module connects at least three lighting carrier nodes through a Mesh network to achieve distributed positioning and data sharing.

[0133] Mesh networking communication mechanism: Basic structure; Each lighting carrier node integrates a Bluetooth beacon module, an edge computing unit, and a communication module; All nodes are connected via Mesh network protocols (such as Bluetooth Mesh, ZigBee Mesh, or Thread); Each node is both a terminal and a relay, and can actively forward data packets from other nodes.

[0134] Network connection method: The crowdsourcing collaborative processing module needs to connect at least three nodes via Mesh to form the most basic mesh topology (non-linear structure); the network topology is a multi-hop redundant structure.

[0135]

[0136] This structure supports jump routes between any two nodes, enhancing network reliability and recoverability.

[0137] Working principle: Distributed positioning collaboration; each node receives RSSI signals from user equipment and performs edge preprocessing; the local processing results are broadcast / shared with neighboring nodes and the central controller through the Mesh network; at least three nodes participate in positioning, which can realize trilateration and collaborative judgment, improving positioning accuracy.

[0138] Data sharing mechanism: Each node has the following sharing functions: Broadcast mode: periodically sends processed data to neighboring nodes; Request-response mode: only responds to data requests when a location or analysis task is triggered; Relay forwarding mode: responsible for forwarding data from other nodes to the center.

[0139] Collaborative processing and advantages: The Mesh structure enables each node to receive location data from other nodes; the central controller or edge master node can integrate data from multiple nodes for overall pedestrian flow analysis, energy consumption optimization, etc.; intelligent scheduling strategies such as load balancing, fault switching, and regional autonomy can be implemented between nodes.

[0140] The central controller analyzes pedestrian density in real time based on data uploaded by the crowd intelligence collaborative processing module, and dynamically adjusts lighting brightness and zone guidance according to pedestrian flow trends. The transmission power and positioning signal transmission interval of the Bluetooth beacon module can be dynamically adjusted according to pedestrian density to reduce energy consumption and improve positioning accuracy. When the system detects abnormal pedestrian gathering or reverse movement, it automatically triggers a warning light mode and broadcasts alarm information to mobile terminals via Bluetooth. The system's photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component and crowd intelligence collaborative processing module can be remotely upgraded to optimize the positioning algorithm and update the pedestrian flow analysis model. Through multimodal fusion of Bluetooth signals, visible light signals, and pedestrian flow data, the system achieves integrated functions of indoor navigation, energy-saving dimming, and emergency evacuation guidance.

[0141] The specific steps are as follows:

[0142] The central controller performs real-time scheduling based on collaborative data.

[0143] Data sources: Data reported by the collaborative processing module in multiple lighting nodes: RSSI intensity (Bluetooth); visible light reception information (altitude); positioning coordinates or estimated pedestrian density after edge computing processing;

[0144] Data analysis logic: The central controller performs the following functions based on multi-node data: Real-time calculation of pedestrian density in each area (e.g., people per square meter):

[0145]

[0146] Where, N i The number of people in region i, S i Given the area of ​​the region; analyze the trend of pedestrian movement:

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] Predict movement direction and aggregation trend using velocity vectors; adjust lighting brightness, emission power, and guidance strategy based on the trend.

[0150] Dynamic transmission adjustment of Bluetooth beacon module: Adaptive control content: Transmit power P tx and launch period T tx All adjustments are made based on dynamic commands issued by the central controller, according to the density of people.

[0151] P tx =P base +α·ρ i

[0152] T lx =T base -β·ρ i

[0153] symbol Meaning Explanation <![CDATA[P tx ]]> Current transmit power (e.g., Bluetooth signal transmission strength) <![CDATA[P base ]]> Default base transmit power α Power gain coefficient (representing the degree of influence of unit crowd density on power) <![CDATA[ρ i ]]> Population density (number of people per unit area) in area ii <![CDATA[T lx ]]> Current lighting mode switching threshold (e.g., alarm mode switching conditions) <![CDATA[T base ]]> Default base threshold β Threshold decay coefficient (indicating that the denser the crowd, the easier it is to trigger).

[0154] Among them: α and β adjustment coefficients; high density → increases transmission frequency and reduces power consumption; low density → reduces broadcast load and saves energy. This achieves dynamic power saving and network load balancing; improves positioning accuracy and update rate in high-traffic areas; and enables power-saving "dumb mode" operation in uninhabited areas.

[0155] Abnormal crowd detection and emergency response early warning

[0156] Anomaly detection logic: When a certain region ρ i An alert will be triggered immediately if the set safety threshold is exceeded or if reverse flow behavior is detected (i.e., a large-scale movement of people in the opposite direction).

[0157]

[0158]

[0159]

[0160] Linkage Strategy: The system automatically performs the following actions: activates the warning light flashing mode; sends an emergency broadcast via Bluetooth beacon; activates the visible light communication module to synchronously push guidance directions; and records data in the backend for emergency response analysis.

[0161] The system supports remote upgrades and algorithm updates: the central controller can remotely update the following in the collective intelligence collaboration module via OTA: positioning solution algorithm (such as changing the filtering model and error compensation); behavior analysis model (introducing deep learning or rule engine); ensuring the system's ability to continuously adapt and iterate in different application scenarios.

[0162] Multimodal fusion enables indoor navigation and energy-saving guidance

[0163] Data types integrated: Bluetooth RSSI + VLC encoding + pedestrian density estimation + predicted trajectory

[0164] Control output:

[0165] Light brightness adjustment:

[0166] L i (t)=L min +γ·ρ i (t)

[0167] symbol Physical meaning <![CDATA[L i (t)]]> The illuminance (luminous intensity) of the i-th illumination node at time t. <![CDATA[L min ]]> Minimum base illuminance value to ensure basic visibility γ Density gain coefficient represents the amplification factor of light intensity on the effect of pedestrian density. <![CDATA[ρ i (t)]]> <![CDATA[The pedestrian flow density in the ith area at time t, unit: person / m 2 >

[0168] Route guidance decision-making: Prioritize routes that have smooth pedestrian flow; highlight or restrict traffic in abnormal areas to help users avoid risks.

[0169] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0170] Example 2: This example provides a lighting device with integrated Bluetooth positioning function, including a ring-shaped shell 1, a base and a power supply device 10 on the ring-shaped shell 1, a Bluetooth beacon module 2 and a heat insulation pad 3 inside the ring-shaped shell 1, a ring-shaped shell 4 mounted on the ring-shaped shell 1, a PCB serpentine antenna 40 and a coaxial feed line 41 on the ring-shaped shell 4, and a high-brightness LED chip 5 and a high-transmittance mask 6 inside the ring-shaped shell 4; the lighting device with integrated Bluetooth positioning function applies a lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning function.

[0171] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0173] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0174] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or modules may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0175] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0176] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0177] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0178] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0179] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function, characterized in that, include: The lighting carrier, including a base and an annular housing, is used to provide basic lighting functions; The Bluetooth beacon module is parasiticly installed inside the base and is used to periodically transmit Bluetooth Low Energy positioning signals; The power parasitic module has its input end connected to the driving power supply of the lighting carrier, and its output end provides a stable DC voltage to the Bluetooth beacon module; The optoelectronic conformal multidimensional positioning component includes a PCB serpentine Bluetooth antenna and a visible light communication light-emitting array arranged along the annular shell. The Bluetooth signal is used for planar positioning, and the visible light signal is used for altitude information measurement, thereby realizing three-dimensional indoor positioning. The crowd intelligence collaborative processing module is used to collect multi-point Bluetooth positioning data and share it to the central controller through a Mesh network. Combined with feedback from mobile terminals, it realizes pedestrian behavior analysis and lighting guidance linkage. The lighting system can realize indoor three-dimensional positioning and pedestrian flow guidance based on crowd intelligence collaboration while providing lighting.

2. The lighting system with integrated Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light communication light-emitting array of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component shares a heat dissipation substrate with the LED lighting beads, and outputs positioning light signals through PWM modulation.

3. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The visible light signal of the photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component contains height encoding information, which is used to assist Bluetooth planar positioning in achieving three-dimensional coordinate calculation.

4. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The collective intelligence collaborative processing module includes a local edge computing unit, which is used to filter and preprocess the received RSSI signal before uploading it to the central controller.

5. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collective intelligence collaborative processing module connects at least three lighting carrier nodes through a Mesh network to achieve distributed positioning and data sharing.

6. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central controller analyzes pedestrian density in real time based on data uploaded by the crowd intelligence collaborative processing module, and dynamically adjusts lighting brightness and zoning guidance according to pedestrian flow trends.

7. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission power and positioning signal transmission interval of the Bluetooth beacon module can be dynamically adjusted according to the density of people to reduce energy consumption and improve positioning accuracy.

8. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the system detects abnormal crowd gathering or reverse movement, it automatically triggers a warning light mode and broadcasts the alarm information to the mobile terminal via Bluetooth.

9. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system's photoelectric conformal multidimensional positioning component and swarm intelligence collaborative processing module can be remotely upgraded to optimize the positioning algorithm and update the crowd flow analysis model.

10. A lighting system integrating Bluetooth positioning function according to claim 9, characterized in that, The system achieves integrated functions of indoor navigation, energy-saving dimming, and emergency evacuation guidance through multimodal fusion of Bluetooth signals, visible light signals, and pedestrian flow data.

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