Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display module and a display device, the display module comprises a display panel and a peep-proof assembly, the peep-proof assembly comprises a first dimming box, and the first dimming box comprises a shading layer and a dimming layer; the light shielding layer is located on the light incident side and comprises a plurality of light shielding parts arranged in the first direction at intervals. The dimming layer is located on the peep-proof side and comprises a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts which are alternately arranged, the first dimming parts correspond to the shading parts in position, the first dimming parts have a fog state and a light transmission state, and the second dimming parts have a first transmission state and a first refraction state; wherein in the first mode, the first dimming part is in a light transmission state, and the second dimming part is in a first refraction state, so that the light transmittance of the peep-proof side is reduced in the side view direction of the display module; and in the second mode, the first dimming part is in the fog state, and the second dimming part is in the first transmission state.

Description

[0001] This divisional application is based on a Chinese patent application with application number 202411476945.0 and title "Display module and display device", filed on October 21, 2024. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0003] The development of intelligent cars integrates many advanced technologies. As the core component of the display system, the vehicle-mounted liquid crystal screen has become the "hard currency" in the intelligent car industry chain. After the intelligentization of the vehicle-mounted screen, high-endization, large-screenization, multi-screenization, and screen connection have become the new trend of the cockpit display screen, and are expected to become a new trendsetter for intelligent cars. The existing anti-peeping scheme of the vehicle-mounted integrated display screen is usually optimized and adjusted based on the design of the liquid crystal dimming box. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal in the liquid crystal dimming box can switch between the two states of power-on and power-off to achieve the regulation of transmitted light. However, the existing liquid crystal box anti-peeping scheme has the problems of large-angle light brightness not meeting the requirements and large-angle light brightness being reversed. SUMMARY

[0004] The display module and the display device provided by the embodiments of the present application not only can block and absorb light at a large viewing angle, thereby avoiding the brightness reversal of light at a large viewing angle, but also can switch the display module between an anti-peeping mode and a sharing mode.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to a first aspect of the present application, a display module is provided, comprising a display panel and an anti-peeping assembly located on one side of the display panel, the anti-peeping assembly having opposite light-in side and anti-peeping side, the anti-peeping assembly comprising a first dimming box, the first dimming box comprising: a light-shielding layer located on the light-in side, the light-shielding layer comprising a plurality of light-shielding portions arranged at intervals in a first direction; and a dimming layer located on the anti-peeping side, the dimming layer comprising a plurality of first dimming portions and a plurality of second dimming portions, the plurality of first dimming portions and the plurality of second dimming portions being arranged alternately in the first direction, and the first dimming portions corresponding in position to the light-shielding portions, the first dimming portions having a fog state and a light transmission state, and the second dimming portions having a first transmission state and a first refraction state; wherein in a first mode, the first dimming portions are in the light transmission state, and the second dimming portions are in the first refraction state, so as to reduce the light transmittance of the anti-peeping side in the side view direction of the display module; In the second mode, the first light-adjusting part is in the fog state, and the second light-adjusting part is in the first transmission state.

[0006] In an embodiment, the first light-adjusting box further comprises a first polaroid, the light-blocking layer is arranged between the first polaroid and the display panel, and the light-adjusting layer is arranged between the first polaroid and the display panel. The first light-adjusting part is configured as a polymer dam wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer dam wall. The second light-adjusting part is configured as a liquid crystal light-adjusting part. The light-adjusting layer further comprises a first driving part and a second driving part, the first driving part is arranged corresponding to the first light-adjusting part to drive the polymer dam wall to switch between the fog state and the light transmission state, and the second driving part is arranged corresponding to the second light-adjusting part to drive the liquid crystal light-adjusting part to switch between the first refraction state and the first transmission state.

[0007] In an embodiment, the light-adjusting layer further comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer arranged oppositely, the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of first driving electrodes and a plurality of second driving electrodes, and in the first direction, the plurality of first driving electrodes and the plurality of second driving electrodes are arranged alternately. The polymer dam wall is arranged between the first electrode layer and the first driving electrode. The liquid crystal light-adjusting part is arranged between the first electrode layer and the second driving electrode. The first driving part comprises the first driving electrode and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer. The second driving part comprises the second driving electrode and a corresponding part of the first electrode layer.

[0008] In an embodiment, the height of the polymer dam wall is the same as the height of the liquid crystal light-adjusting part. The surfaces of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are arranged flush.

[0009] In an embodiment, in the first direction, the distance between two adjacent light-blocking parts is 7-40 μm. The thickness of the light-blocking part is 3-5 μm.

[0010] In an embodiment, the light-blocking layer further comprises a plurality of filling parts, each filling part is arranged between two adjacent light-blocking parts, and the surface of the light-blocking layer towards the anti-peep side is flattened.

[0011] In an embodiment, the refractive index of the filling part is less than 1.3.

[0012] In an embodiment, the second light-adjusting part is configured as a liquid crystal light-adjusting part, and the first light-adjusting box further comprises a first polaroid; The privacy protection assembly further comprises a second light-adjusting box stacked on one side of the first light-adjusting box, and the second light-adjusting box comprises: a second polaroid arranged opposite to the first polaroid; and a liquid crystal light-adjusting layer arranged between the second polaroid and the first polaroid or arranged between the second polaroid and the display panel, the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer having a second transmission state and a second refraction state; In the first mode, the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer is in the second refraction state, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer is arranged at an angle with the orthographic projection of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the first light-adjusting part on the first polaroid; In the second mode, the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer is in the second transmission state.

[0013] In an embodiment, the privacy protection assembly comprises at least two first light-adjusting boxes stacked. The light-shielding parts in the adjacent two first light-adjusting boxes are located correspondingly.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided, comprising the display module.

[0015] In the display module of the embodiments of the present application, a privacy protection assembly is arranged on one side of the display panel, a plurality of light-shielding parts are arranged at the position of the light-in side to shield and absorb light at large viewing angles, so as to avoid the brightness of the light at large viewing angles from being reversed, and thus the percentage of the brightness of the light at large viewing angles is reduced; and a light-adjusting layer is arranged at the position of the light-out side, in the first mode, the first light-adjusting part is in a light-transmitting state for transmitting light, and the second light-adjusting part is in a first refraction state to reduce the light transmittance of the light-out side in the side-viewing direction of the display module, so that the light in the side-viewing direction of the display module is dark to realize privacy protection; in the second mode, the second light-adjusting part is in a first transmission state to transmit light, which is beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of the light; and the first light-adjusting part is in a fog state to scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the brightness of the light at different viewing angles is similar to realize sharing; in this way, the display module can be switched between the privacy protection mode and the sharing mode.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on these drawings also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0017] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be made in conjunction with the drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.

[0018] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the first light-adjusting box in the anti-peeping assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the light rays and liquid crystal molecules in the side view direction of the display module in the first mode of the anti-peeping assembly of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 3 The model diagram of the light rays and liquid crystal molecules in the side view direction of the display module in the first mode of the anti-peeping assembly of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 4 The top view of the light-shielding layer in the first light-adjusting box provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the electrode layer of the first light-adjusting box provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 6 The first film layer schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 7 The second film layer schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 8 The third film layer schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 9 The film layer schematic diagram of the display device provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on these embodiments also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] The present application provides a display module 100. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the first light-adjusting box 21 in the display module 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 6A first film layer schematic view of a privacy assembly 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The display module 100 includes a display panel 1 and a privacy assembly 2 located on one side of the display panel 1. The privacy assembly 2 has opposite light-in side A and privacy side B. The privacy assembly 2 includes a first light adjustment box 21, which includes a light shielding layer 211 and a light adjustment layer 212. The light shielding layer 211 is located on the light-in side A and includes a plurality of light shielding portions 2111 arranged at intervals in a first direction F1. The light adjustment layer 212 is located on the privacy side B and includes a plurality of first light adjustment portions 2121 and a plurality of second light adjustment portions 2122. In the first direction F1, the plurality of first light adjustment portions 2121 and the plurality of second light adjustment portions 2122 are arranged alternately, and the first light adjustment portions 2121 correspond in position to the light shielding portions 2111. The first light adjustment portions 2121 have a fog state and a light transmission state, and the second light adjustment portions 2122 have a first transmission state and a first refraction state. In a first mode, the first light adjustment portions 2121 are in the light transmission state, and the second light adjustment portions 2122 are in the first refraction state, so as to reduce the light transmittance of the privacy side B in the side view direction of the display module 100. In a second mode, the first light adjustment portions 2121 are in the fog state, and the second light adjustment portions 2122 are in the first transmission state.

[0021] It can be known that the current guest end generally requires a privacy viewing angle less than or equal to 45°, such as 45° privacy, 30° privacy, or 25° privacy. In the prior art, when a liquid crystal light adjustment box is used for privacy design, after the privacy mode is turned on, there is a problem of brightness reverse kick of light with an angle greater than 50°, which will affect the privacy effect.

[0022] By arranging the light shielding layer 211 at the light-in side A position, the light shielding layer 211 includes a plurality of light shielding portions 2111 arranged at intervals in the first direction F1. The light shielding portions 2111 can shield and absorb light with a large viewing angle, thereby avoiding the brightness reverse kick of light with a large viewing angle, and further reducing the brightness percentage of light with a large viewing angle.

[0023] And, a light adjusting layer 212 is arranged at the side view side B position, in the first mode, the first light adjusting part 2121 is in the transparent state for light transmission, and the second light adjusting part 2122 is in the first refractive state to reduce the light transmittance of the side view side of the display module 100, so that the display module 100 is dark in the side view direction to realize side view prevention; in the second mode, the second light adjusting part 2122 is in the first transmission state to transmit light, which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of light; and the first light adjusting part 2121 is in the fog state to scatter the light transmitted thereon, so that the light brightness at each viewing angle is similar to realize sharing; in this way, the display module 100 can be switched between the side view prevention mode and the sharing mode.

[0024] The present application does not limit the specific arrangement position of the side view prevention assembly 2, which can be arranged on the display side of the display panel 1 or on the back side of the display panel 1. The following will be described by taking the example that the side view prevention assembly 2 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1.

[0025] Based on the above embodiment, the light adjusting principle of the first light adjusting part 2121 and the second light adjusting part 2122 will be described below.

[0026] In an embodiment, the first light adjusting box 21 further comprises a first polaroid 213, the light shielding layer 211 is arranged between the first polaroid 213 and the display panel 1, and the light adjusting layer 212 is arranged between the first polaroid 213 and the display panel 1; the first light adjusting part 2121 is configured as a polymer barrier wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer barrier wall; the second light adjusting part 2122 is configured as a liquid crystal light adjusting part; wherein the light adjusting layer 212 further comprises a first driving part and a second driving part, the first driving part is arranged corresponding to the first light adjusting part 2121 to drive the polymer barrier wall to switch between the fog state and the transparent state, and the second driving part is arranged corresponding to the second light adjusting part 2122 to drive the liquid crystal light adjusting part to switch between the first refractive state and the first transmission state.

[0027] It can be known that in the related art, a polaroid with a parallel optical axis direction is added on the upper side and the lower side of a half-wave plate, when the angle between the incident direction of linearly polarized light passing through the polaroid on the lower side and the long axis of the half-wave plate is 45° or -45°, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light passing through the half-wave plate is just rotated by 90 degrees to be absorbed by the polaroid on the upper side, so the linearly polarized light passing through the polaroid on the lower side cannot pass through the polaroid on the upper side.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, since the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 have birefringence and dielectric properties, the second light adjusting part 2122 can have switching properties while forming a half-wave plate; at the same time, since the display panel includes a display layer 11 and first and second polarizing layers 12 and 13 located on both sides of the display layer 11; therefore, when the privacy assembly 2 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1, the second light adjusting part 2122 is close to the first polarizing layer 12 on the back side of the display panel 1; the first light adjusting box 21 further includes a first polarizing sheet 213, and the light adjusting layer 212 is arranged between the first polarizing sheet 213 and the display panel 1; that is, the first polarizing sheet 213 and the first polarizing layer 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second light adjusting part 2122.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the first polarizing sheet 213 and the first polarizing layer 12 are arranged in parallel with the light transmission axis, and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 and the plane where the first polarizing sheet 213 is located is an acute angle.

[0030] At the same time, the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 have birefringence, where ne is the refractive index of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 212a, and no is the refractive index of the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 212a; the first polarizing sheet 213 is located in the xy plane, the normal direction of the first polarizing sheet 213 is the z-axis direction perpendicular to the xy plane, the liquid crystal molecules 212a are in the yz plane, and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a and the first direction F1 is β. Wherein, the x-axis is set as the second direction F2, the y-axis is set as the first direction F1, and the z-axis is set as the third direction F3.

[0031] In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light is located in the xz plane and the angle with the z-axis is θ, the angle between the light and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 is α, at this time the liquid crystal molecules 212a have a refractive index no and an effective refractive index ne', wherein the effective refractive index ne' satisfies , and the pointing vector of the effective long axis is located in the plane perpendicular to the light in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, at this time the angle between the pointing vector of the effective long axis and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is γ.

[0032] As described above, when the value of the angle γ is equal to 45°, at this time the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a forms an angle β with the first direction F1, and satisfies .

[0033] In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light forms an angle a with the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 212a, and satisfies .

[0034] At this time, the phase delay difference of the second light adjusting part 2122 is , d' is the travel distance of linearly polarized light in the second light adjusting part 2122, n e' and n o are the refractive index parameters of the liquid crystal molecules 212a, and l is the wavelength. After the liquid crystal molecules 212a are selected, the refractive index parameters of the liquid crystal molecules 212a cannot be changed, wherein d' is related to the thickness d of the second light adjusting part 2122, , so that the phase delay difference of the second light adjusting part 2122 is equal to (2k+1)π, where k=0, ±1, ±2, …, at this time, the second light adjusting part 2122 has the effect of a half-wave plate. That is, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linearly polarized light and then enters the second light adjusting part 2122. In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is rotated by 90 degrees after passing through the second light adjusting part 2122, so that it is absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 cannot pass through the first polarizing layer 12, so that the side view direction F4 of the display module 100 is achieved. The display module 100 achieves privacy.

[0035] As can be seen from the above, the pointing vector of the effective long axis is located in a plane perpendicular to the light in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100. That is, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the pointing vectors of the effective long axis at different angles are different from the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light. Therefore, it can be known that in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the brightness of the light seen at different angles is different, and different degrees of privacy can be achieved. When the pointing vector of the effective long axis is 45° from the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 cannot pass through the first polarizing layer 12 in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, and complete privacy can be achieved in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100.

[0036] Further, the first light adjusting part 2121 is configured as a polymer barrier wall, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer barrier wall. The first driving part is arranged corresponding to the first light adjusting part 2121 to drive the polymer barrier wall to switch between the fog state and the transparent state.

[0037] The first light adjusting part 2121 adopts a PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), and is provided with a first driving part and a polymer barrier wall. The first driving part is usually two electrodes. When the two electrodes are electrified, a stable electric field is generated between the two electrodes, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules in the polymer barrier wall are gathered. At this time, the first light adjusting part 2121 is in a transparent state of transmitting light. By adjusting the voltage applied to the two electrodes, the electric field between the two electrodes can be adjusted, so that the dispersion degree of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules in the polymer barrier wall changes, so that the polymer barrier wall has different scattering ability for light, thereby adjusting the haze of the first light adjusting part 2121. When the two electrodes are de-energized, the electric field between the two electrodes disappears, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are completely dispersed. At this time, the first light adjusting part 2121 is in a haze state of completely scattering light.

[0038] As described above, in the first mode, the first light adjusting part 2121 is in the light transmission state, and the second light adjusting part 2122 is in the first refraction state. At this time, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linearly polarized light, and then enters the second light adjusting part 2122. After the linearly polarized light passes through the second light adjusting part 2122, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is rotated, so that it is at least partially absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance of the anti-peep side is greatly reduced, so that the light in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100 is dark, thereby realizing anti-peep. The first mode is also an anti-peep mode.

[0039] In the second mode, the second light adjusting part 2122 is in the first transmission state, so as to transmit light and improve the utilization efficiency of light. The first light adjusting part 2121 is in the haze state, so as to scatter the light transmitted thereto, so that the light brightness at each viewing angle is similar, thereby realizing sharing. The second mode is also a sharing mode.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1A structural schematic diagram of the first light adjusting box 21 in the privacy protection assembly 2 provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. In the embodiments of the present application, the privacy protection assembly 2 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1, the side of the display module 100 away from the display panel 1 is arranged as the light entering side A, and the side of the display module 100 facing the display panel 1 is arranged as the privacy protection side B; the first polarizer 213 is arranged opposite to the first polarizing layer 12 on the back side of the display panel 1; the light shielding layer 211 is arranged on the side of the first polarizer 213 facing the first polarizing layer 12; and the light adjusting layer 212 is arranged between the light shielding layer 211 and the first polarizing layer 12.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 4 The light shielding layer 211 includes a plurality of light shielding portions 2111 arranged at intervals in the first direction F1, and each of the light shielding portions 2111 is arranged along the second direction F2.

[0042] The present application does not make specific limitations on the arrangement of the light shielding portions 2111. In the first direction F1, the distance H between two adjacent light shielding portions 2111 is arranged to be 7 μm to 40 μm, and the thickness T1 of the light shielding portion 2111 is arranged to be 3 μm to 5 μm. By adjusting the distance between two adjacent light shielding portions 2111 and the thickness of the light shielding portion 2111, the shielding of light rays with different large viewing angles can be achieved. For example, the distance between two adjacent light shielding portions 2111 is arranged to be 10 μm, and the thickness of the light shielding portion 2111 is arranged to be 4.2 μm, which can shield light rays with a large viewing angle of 50° or more.

[0043] The present application does not make specific limitations on the material of the light shielding portion 2111. In an embodiment, the light shielding portion 2111 can be arranged as a black matrix photoresist material.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 1, Figure 1 The light shielding layer 211 further includes a plurality of filling portions 2112, each of which is arranged between two adjacent light shielding portions 2111 to flatten the surface of the light shielding layer 211 facing the first polarizing layer 12.

[0045] Generally, the material of the filling portion 2112 for flattening includes but is not limited to acrylic resin or acrylic resin material, and the refractive index of the filling portion 2112 can be adjusted to a range of 1.3 to 1.7, and generally the refractive index is about 1.55. In order to further improve the light collecting capability, the refractive index of the filling portion 2112 can be arranged to be less than 1.3.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 5The light-adjusting layer 212 further comprises a first electrode layer 2123 and a second electrode layer 2124 arranged oppositely, the second electrode layer 2124 comprises a plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and a plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b, and the plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and the plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b are arranged alternately in the first direction F1; the polymer barrier is arranged between the first electrode layer 2123 and the first driving electrodes 2124a; the liquid crystal light-adjusting part is arranged between the first electrode layer 2123 and the second driving electrodes 2124b; wherein the first driving part comprises the first driving electrodes 2124a and the corresponding part of the first electrode layer 2123; and the second driving part comprises the second driving electrodes 2124b and the corresponding part of the first electrode layer 2123.

[0047] In the embodiment, the plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and the first electrode layer 2123 jointly regulate the polymer barrier; and the plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b and the first electrode layer 2123 jointly regulate the liquid crystal light-adjusting part; thus, independent regulation of the polymer barrier and the liquid crystal light-adjusting part can be realized; meanwhile, the plurality of first driving electrodes 2124a and the plurality of second driving electrodes 2124b belong to the second electrode layer 2124, that is, the first driving electrodes 2124a and the second driving electrodes 2124b can be formed by patterning the second electrode layer 2124, thereby simplifying the electrode design scheme.

[0048] Based on this, in order to ensure the consistency of the thickness of the light-adjusting layer 212, the height of the polymer barrier is the same as the height of the liquid crystal light-adjusting part in the thickness direction F3 of the display module 100; and the surfaces of the first driving electrodes 2124a and the second driving electrodes 2124b are arranged flush.

[0049] As described above, the first light-adjusting part 2121 is configured as a polymer barrier, and polymer dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed in the polymer barrier. In the actual process, when the polymer barrier is formed, a mask plate is used during exposure, and the collimated UV light passes through a unidirectional diffusion film, and the diffusion angle of the diffused UV light in the first direction F1 is 60°, and the diffusion angle in the second direction F2 is 1°, thereby forming a non-uniform UV light intensity distribution, wherein the polymer monomers undergo photopolymerization in the bright area, gather at the top of the polymer barrier, and further converge light to the bottom of the polymer barrier, and the monomers in the un-illuminated area will diffuse to the bright area along the concentration gradient, and the polymer-induced phase separation is promoted in the illuminated area, thereby forming an alternating polymer liquid crystal structured microstructure, and thus the polymer barrier can transmit light in the transparent state and scatter light in the fog state.

[0050] It can be known that, in some embodiments, the thickness of the second light-adjusting part 2122 is set to 2-7 μm. If the thickness of the second light-adjusting part 2122 is too thick, it will not only cause the liquid crystal gravity to be too large, but also increase the difficulty of the manufacturing process, and both of the above cases will easily cause the display uneven phenomenon, so the thickness of the second light-adjusting part 2122 should not be too thick. Further, the thickness of the second light-adjusting part 2122 is set to 3-5 μm, and the thickness of the second light-adjusting part 2122 is set to 2-7 μm, or even 3-5 μm, so that it has better privacy effect, and at the same time, it can reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process and avoid the generation of display uneven phenomenon.

[0051] At the same time, in order to ensure the consistency of the thickness of the light-adjusting layer 212, the height of the second light-adjusting part 2122 is also set to 2-7 μm.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present application, the display module 100 further comprises a first substrate 214 and a second substrate 215 arranged oppositely, the first substrate 214 is arranged close to the display panel 1; the light-blocking layer 211 is arranged on one side of the second substrate 215 facing the first substrate 214; the light-adjusting layer 212 is arranged on one side of the light-blocking layer 211 facing the first substrate 214; and the first polarizer 213 is arranged on one side of the second substrate 215 away from the first substrate 214.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The first film layer schematic diagram of the display module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The privacy assembly 2 comprises a first light-adjusting box 21; a plurality of light-blocking parts 2111 close to the light-in side A are arranged to block and absorb light at a large viewing angle, so as to avoid the brightness of light at a large viewing angle from being reversed, and further reduce the brightness percentage of light at a large viewing angle.

[0054] At the same time, in the first mode, the first light-adjusting part 2121 is in the light-transmitting state for light transmission, and the second light-adjusting part 2122 is in the first refractive state. In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizer 213 forms linearly polarized light before entering the second light-adjusting part 2122, and after the linearly polarized light passes through the second light-adjusting part 2122, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is rotated, so that it is at least partially absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance of the privacy side is greatly reduced, so that the light in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100 is dark, thereby realizing privacy. The first mode is also a privacy mode.

[0055] In the second mode, the second light adjusting portion 2122 is in the first transmissive state, so as to be capable of transmitting light, and the first light adjusting portion 2121 is in the fog state, so as to be capable of scattering light transmitted thereon, thereby making the light brightness in each viewing angle be similar and realizing sharing. The second mode is also a sharing mode.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A second film layer schematic view of the display module 100 provided by the embodiment is shown in FIG. 2B. The second light adjusting portion 2122 is configured as a liquid crystal light adjusting portion, and the first light adjusting box 21 further includes a first polaroid 213. The anti-peep assembly 2 further includes a second light adjusting box 22 which is stacked on one side of the first light adjusting box 21. The second light adjusting box 22 includes a second polaroid 221 and a liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222. The second polaroid 221 is oppositely arranged with the first polaroid 213. The liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is arranged between the second polaroid 221 and the first polaroid 213, or arranged between the second polaroid 221 and the display panel 1. The liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 has a second transmissive state and a second refractive state. In the first mode, the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is in the second refractive state, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is arranged at an angle with the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal light adjusting portion in the first polaroid 213. In the second mode, the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is in the second transmissive state.

[0057] It should be noted that the regulation mode of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is the same as the regulation mode of the second light adjusting portion 2122.

[0058] It can be known that, when the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting portion 2122 are in a plane and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the first direction F1 is β in the first mode, the display module 100 has an anti-peep effect in the side view directions on both sides of the first direction F1. Therefore, in the first mode, when the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules 212a in the second light adjusting portion 2122 is the same as the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222, the anti-peep can only be realized in two directions. In order to realize a larger anti-peep angle, the liquid crystal molecules in the display module 100 need to be arranged to be inclined in multiple directions in the first mode.

[0059] In the embodiment, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 has an angle with the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 in the orthographic projection of the first polarizer 213, so that a larger anti-peep angle can be obtained. For example, when the liquid crystal molecule 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 is in the yz plane and the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule and the first direction F1 is β in the first mode, the second light adjusting part 2122 has an anti-peep effect in the side view direction on both sides of the first direction F1. However, the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is not in the yz plane. At this time, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule 212a in the second light adjusting part 2122 has an angle with the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 in the orthographic projection of the first polarizer 213, so that the anti-peep angle of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is different from the anti-peep angle of the second light adjusting part 2122. Therefore, the anti-peep angle of the display module 100 is the combination of the anti-peep angle of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 and the anti-peep angle of the second light adjusting part 2122, so that a larger anti-peep angle can be obtained.

[0060] It should be noted that the number of the second polarizer 221 and the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is not limited in the present application. The liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 can be arranged between two adjacent second polarizers 221. When the number of the second polarizer 221 is at least three, the number of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is at least two. In actual use, a single layer of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 cannot achieve the theoretical anti-peep effect. Therefore, by arranging multiple layers of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222, the multiple layers of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 can enhance the anti-peep effect, so that the display module 100 approaches the theoretical anti-peep effect.

[0061] For example, the number of the second polarizer 221 is set to three, and the number of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is set to two. In the first mode, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the two layers of the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 are parallel in the orthographic projection of the second polarizer 221.

[0062] The second light adjusting box 22 further comprises a third substrate 223 and a fourth substrate 224 arranged oppositely; the fourth substrate 224 is arranged close to the first light adjusting box 21; two second polarizers 221 are arranged on the two sides away from each other of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224; and the liquid crystal light adjusting layer 222 is arranged between the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224.

[0063] The second light-adjusting box 22 further comprises a third electrode layer 225 and a fourth electrode layer 226 arranged oppositely, the third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224; the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer 222 is arranged between the third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226. The third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 can be a full-surface electrode or a plurality of electrode plates arranged at intervals.

[0064] The second light-adjusting box 22 further comprises a first alignment layer 227 and a second alignment layer 228, the first alignment layer 227 is arranged on the side of the third electrode layer 225 close to the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer 222; the second alignment layer 228 is arranged on the side of the fourth electrode layer 226 close to the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer 222.

[0065] The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal light-adjusting layer 222 are pre-aligned by the first alignment layer 227 and the second alignment layer 228, and the first alignment layer 227 and the second alignment layer 228 comprise a polyimide alignment film.

[0066] The third electrode layer 225 and the fourth electrode layer 226 are supported by the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224, and the materials of the third substrate 223 and the fourth substrate 224 can be glass, polyester resin, transparent polyimide, ultra-thin glass and the like.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 A third film layer schematic diagram of the display module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. The anti-peep assembly 2 comprises at least two first light-adjusting boxes 21 arranged in layers; the positions of the light-shielding parts 2111 in the adjacent two first light-adjusting boxes 21 correspond to each other.

[0068] The difference between the second embodiment and the third embodiment is that, in the third embodiment, the anti-peep assembly 2 is formed by at least two first light-adjusting boxes 21 arranged in layers; the multiple layers of the second light-adjusting parts 2122 can strengthen the anti-peep effect, so that the display module 100 approaches the theoretical anti-peep effect.

[0069] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application further provides a display device 1000. Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 A film layer schematic diagram of the display device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. The display device 1000 comprises a display module 100, a backlight assembly 200 and a cover plate 300.

[0070] It should be noted that the display module 100 is provided as the above-described display module 100, that is, the display module 100 includes all the technical features of the above-described display module 100, and the display device 1000 includes all the embodiments of the above-described display module 100.

[0071] The backlight assembly 200 is arranged on the back side of the display panel 1 in the display module 100. In an embodiment, the privacy assembly 2 in the display module 100 is arranged between the backlight assembly 200 and the display panel 1. The light rays emitted from the backlight assembly 200 first pass through the light shielding layer 211, and the plurality of light shielding portions 2111 on the light shielding layer 211 can shield and absorb light rays of a large viewing angle, thereby avoiding the appearance of brightness of light rays of a large viewing angle, and further reducing the brightness percentage of light rays of a large viewing angle.

[0072] In the first mode, the light rays emitted from the light shielding layer 211 pass through the first polarizing plate 213 and enter the light adjusting layer 212. At this time, the first light adjusting portion 2121 is in the light transmission state for light transmission, and the second light adjusting portion 2122 is in the first refraction state. In the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light passing through the first polarizing plate 213 forms linearly polarized light, and then enters the second light adjusting portion 2122. After the linearly polarized light passes through the second light adjusting portion 2122, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is rotated, and thus at least part of the linearly polarized light is absorbed by the first polarizing layer 12. Therefore, in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100, the light transmittance of the privacy side is greatly reduced, so that the light in the side view direction F4 of the display module 100 is dark, thereby realizing privacy.

[0073] In the second mode, the light rays emitted from the light shielding layer 211 pass through the first polarizing plate 213 and enter the light adjusting layer 212. At this time, the second light adjusting portion 2122 is in the first transmission state, so as to be capable of transmitting light, thereby being beneficial to improving the utilization efficiency of light. The first light adjusting portion 2121 is in the fog state, so as to be capable of scattering the light transmitted thereon, thereby making the light brightness at each viewing angle differ little and realizing sharing.

[0074] The cover plate 300 is arranged on the side of the display module 100 away from the backlight assembly 200.

[0075] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment is focused on, and the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0077] The embodiments, implementation manners and related technical features of the present application can be combined or replaced with each other without conflict.

[0078] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment without departing from the technical solution content of the present application and in accordance with the technical essence of the present application still belongs to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, The device includes a display panel and a privacy shield located on one side of the display panel. The privacy shield has an opposing light-incident side and a privacy shield side. The privacy shield includes a first dimming box, which includes: A light-shielding layer, located on the light-incident side, includes a plurality of light-shielding portions spaced apart in a first direction, the light-shielding portions being configured to block and absorb light from a wide viewing angle; and, A dimming layer is located on the privacy side. The dimming layer includes a plurality of first dimming parts and a plurality of second dimming parts. In the first direction, the plurality of first dimming parts and the plurality of second dimming parts are arranged alternately, and the positions of the first dimming parts correspond to the positions of the light-shielding parts. The first dimming parts have a fog state and a light-transmitting state, and the second dimming parts have a first transmission state and a first refraction state. In the first mode, the first dimming unit is in the light-transmitting state, and the second dimming unit is in the first refractive state, so as to reduce the light transmittance of the privacy side in the side-viewing direction of the display module; and the privacy angle of the light-shielding part is greater than the privacy angle of the dimming layer. In the second mode, the first dimming unit is in the fog state, and the second dimming unit is in the first transmission state.

2. The display module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first dimming box further includes a first polarizer, the light-shielding layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel, and the dimming layer is disposed between the first polarizer and the display panel; The first dimming unit is configured as a polymer barrier, and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal molecules are distributed within the polymer barrier; The second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit; The dimming layer further includes a first driving unit and a second driving unit. The first driving unit is disposed corresponding to the first dimming unit to drive the polymer barrier to switch between the fog state and the light-transmitting state. The second driving unit is disposed corresponding to the second dimming unit to drive the liquid crystal dimming unit to switch between the first refractive state and the first transmissive state.

3. The display module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The dimming layer further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other. The second electrode layer includes a plurality of first driving electrodes and a plurality of second driving electrodes, which are alternately arranged in the first direction. The polymer barrier is disposed between the first electrode layer and the first driving electrode; The liquid crystal dimming unit is disposed between the first electrode layer and the second driving electrode; The first driving part includes the first driving electrode and a corresponding portion of the first electrode layer; The second driving part includes the second driving electrode and a corresponding portion of the first electrode layer.

4. The display module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the polymer barrier is the same as the height of the liquid crystal dimming unit; The surfaces of the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are flush.

5. The display module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the distance between two adjacent light-shielding parts is set to 7~40μm; The thickness of the light-shielding part is set to 3~5μm.

6. The display module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding layer also includes a plurality of filling portions, each of which is disposed between two adjacent light-shielding portions, and the surface of the light-shielding layer facing the privacy side is flattened.

7. The display module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The refractive index of the filling portion is set to be less than 1.

3.

8. The display module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second dimming unit is configured as a liquid crystal dimming unit, and the first dimming box further includes a first polarizer; The privacy protection component further includes a second dimming box stacked on one side of the first dimming box, the second dimming box comprising: The second polarizer is disposed opposite to the first polarizer; and, A liquid crystal dimming layer is disposed between the second polarizer and the first polarizer, or between the second polarizer and the display panel, wherein the liquid crystal dimming layer has a second transmissive state and a second refractive state; In the first mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second refractive state, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer is projected at an angle to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming section. In the second mode, the liquid crystal dimming layer is in the second transmissive state.

9. The display module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The privacy protection component includes at least two of the first dimming boxes stacked together. The positions of the light-shielding parts in two adjacent first dimming boxes are corresponding.

10. A display device, characterized in that, The display module as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images