All-weather passive type slope safety early warning system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of slope engineering safety monitoring and early warning technology, and particularly relates to an all-weather passive slope safety early warning system. In this invention, landslide sensing mechanisms are all installed on potential landslide bodies, and the landslide sensing mechanisms are drivenly connected to a first trigger switch and a second trigger switch. The first trigger switch and the second trigger switch are both electrically connected to the early warning component. When a potential landslide occurs, the landslide sensing mechanism is triggered, which drives the first trigger switch and / or the second trigger switch to engage, thereby energizing the early warning component and issuing an alarm signal. The device of this invention directly triggers the early warning component through a mechanical structure to issue an early warning, without involving complex data processing and analysis. It has a fast response speed and can issue an alarm at the first moment when signs of slope instability appear. By adjusting the movement resistance of the landslide sensing mechanism through the adjustment component, interference from surrounding buildings, vegetation, and severe weather can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of slope engineering safety monitoring and early warning technology, and in particular relates to an all-weather passive slope safety early warning system. Background Technology

[0002] As infrastructure construction continues, numerous projects involve slope engineering. Although some slope engineering projects have implemented protective measures, the performance of these measures gradually deteriorates over time. Simultaneously, global climate change is leading to more frequent extreme weather events, with frequent natural disasters such as torrential rains and earthquakes, further exacerbating the risk of slope instability and posing a serious threat to people's lives and property, as well as the normal operation of various engineering facilities. Against this backdrop, slope stability monitoring and early warning, as a key means of preventing slope disasters, are of paramount importance.

[0003] However, the current early warning process has obvious shortcomings: on the one hand, early warning involves complex data processing and analysis, which takes a long time, resulting in delayed warnings and the inability to issue an alarm at the first sign of slope instability; on the other hand, the environmental adaptability and reliability of early warning equipment are low, and factors such as surrounding buildings, vegetation and severe weather can easily interfere with its normal operation, affecting the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an all-weather passive slope safety early warning system to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system includes multiple landslide sensing mechanisms, all of which are installed on potential landslide bodies and are equally spaced along the length of the slope. Each landslide sensing mechanism is driven by a first trigger switch and a second trigger switch. Both the first trigger switch and the second trigger switch are electrically connected to an early warning component. The first trigger switch, the second trigger switch, and the early warning component are all located at the toe of the slope.

[0007] The landslide sensing mechanism is also equipped with an adjustment component, which is located at the toe of the slope.

[0008] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the landslide sensing mechanism includes a branch line. The top end of the branch line is fixed to the top of the slope through a first anchoring component, and the bottom end of the branch line is located at the bottom of the slope. The branch line is perpendicular to the length direction of the slope. A plurality of second positioning rings are provided on the branch line. The plurality of second positioning rings are equally spaced along the length direction of the branch line. The second positioning rings are fixed to the potential landslide body. The branch line is drivenly connected to the first trigger switch and the second trigger switch.

[0009] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the first trigger switch includes a first slide rod, the first slide rod is coaxially fixed to the branch line, a first conductive piece is fixed to the end of the first slide rod away from the branch line, a second conductive piece is slidably connected to the outer wall of the first slide rod, the second conductive piece is fixed to the slope foot, a first spring is sleeved on the outer side of the first slide rod, the first spring is disposed between the first conductive piece and the second conductive piece, and neither the first slide rod nor the first spring is conductive;

[0010] The first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the early warning component, respectively.

[0011] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, a connector is fixedly connected to the branch line, a bus is fixedly connected to the connector, the axis of the bus is perpendicular to the axis of the branch line, one end of the bus is fixedly connected to the slope foot, and the other end of the bus is connected to the second trigger switch.

[0012] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the second trigger switch includes a second slide rod, the second slide rod is coaxially fixed to the bus, a third conductive piece is fixed to one end of the second slide rod away from the bus, a fourth conductive piece is slidably connected to the second slide rod, the fourth conductive piece is fixed to the slope foot, and a second spring is sleeved on the outside of the second slide rod, the second spring being located between the third conductive piece and the fourth conductive piece;

[0013] The third conductive sheet and the fourth conductive sheet are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the early warning component, respectively.

[0014] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a first friction valve and a second friction valve. The first friction valve and the second friction valve are both fixed to the toe of the slope. The second friction valve is disposed on the main line and is used to adjust the moving resistance of the main line. The first friction valve is disposed on the branch line and is used to set the moving resistance of the branch line.

[0015] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the connector is provided with first positioning rings on opposite sides, both first positioning rings are sleeved on the bus, the first positioning rings are fixed to the slope foot, and a distance is left between the first positioning rings and the connector.

[0016] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, one end of the bus is fixed to the toe of the slope through a second anchoring component.

[0017] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, two adjacent connecting parts are fixedly connected by a bus. The bus at one end is fixedly connected to the slope foot, and the bus at the other end is coaxially fixedly connected to the second sliding rod.

[0018] In the all-weather passive slope safety early warning system of the present invention, the fourth conductive sheet and a plurality of second conductive sheets are sequentially connected in series with a wire to one electrode of the early warning component, and the third conductive sheet and a plurality of first conductive sheets are sequentially connected in series with another wire to another electrode of the early warning component.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] In this invention, landslide sensing mechanisms are all installed on potential landslide bodies, and are drivenly connected to a first trigger switch and a second trigger switch. The first trigger switch and the second trigger switch are electrically connected to an early warning component. When a landslide occurs in the potential landslide body, the landslide sensing mechanism is triggered, which drives the first trigger switch and / or the second trigger switch to engage, thereby energizing the early warning component and issuing an alarm signal. The device of this invention directly triggers the early warning component through a mechanical structure to issue an early warning, without involving complex data processing and analysis. It has a fast response speed and can issue an alarm at the first moment when signs of slope instability appear. By adjusting the movement resistance of the landslide sensing mechanism through the adjustment component, interference from surrounding buildings, vegetation, and severe weather can be prevented. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the toe of the slope in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second trigger switch in this invention;

[0028] Among them, 1. Slope crest; 2. Potential landslide body; 3. Slope toe; 4. Main line; 5. Branch line; 6. First anchoring assembly; 7. First friction valve; 8. First trigger switch; 9. Second anchoring assembly; 10. Second friction valve; 11. Second trigger switch; 12. First positioning ring; 13. Early warning assembly; 14. Wire; 15. Second positioning ring; 401. Connector; 801. First conductive sheet; 802. First slide rod; 803. Second conductive sheet; 804. First spring; 1101. Third conductive sheet; 1102. Fourth conductive sheet; 1103. Second spring; 1104. Second slide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment discloses an all-weather passive slope safety early warning system, including multiple landslide sensing mechanisms. The multiple landslide sensing mechanisms are all installed on the potential landslide body 2 and are equally spaced along the length of the slope body. The landslide sensing mechanisms are driven by a first trigger switch 8 and a second trigger switch 11. The first trigger switch 8 and the second trigger switch 11 are both electrically connected to the early warning component 13. The first trigger switch 8, the second trigger switch 11 and the early warning component 13 are all installed at the foot of the slope 3.

[0033] The landslide sensing mechanism is also equipped with an adjustment component, which is located at the foot of the slope 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, the landslide sensing mechanism is used alone.

[0035] In this invention, landslide sensing mechanisms are all installed on the potential landslide body 2, and are connected to the first trigger switch 8 and the second trigger switch 11 via transmission. The first trigger switch 8 and the second trigger switch 11 are both electrically connected to the early warning component 13. When the potential landslide body 2 experiences a landslide, the landslide sensing mechanism is activated, causing the first trigger switch 8 and / or the second trigger switch 11 to engage, thereby energizing the early warning component 13 and triggering it to issue an alarm signal. The device of this invention directly triggers the early warning component 13 through a mechanical structure to issue an early warning, without involving complex data processing and analysis. It has a fast response speed and can issue an alarm at the first moment when signs of slope instability appear. By adjusting the movement resistance of the landslide sensing mechanism through the adjustment component, interference from surrounding buildings, vegetation, and severe weather can be prevented.

[0036] This invention features a simple structure, convenient installation, and low cost. In terms of maintenance, it is easy to inspect and repair, reducing long-term maintenance costs, improving the system's cost-effectiveness and stability, and facilitating large-scale application.

[0037] In one alternative embodiment, the landslide sensing mechanism includes a branch line 5, the top end of which is fixed to the top of the slope 1 via a first anchoring component 6, the bottom end of which is located at the foot of the slope 3, the branch line 5 being perpendicular to the length direction of the slope, and a plurality of second positioning rings 15 being provided on the branch line 5, the plurality of second positioning rings 15 being equally spaced along the length direction of the branch line 5, the second positioning rings 15 being fixed to the potential landslide body 2, and the branch line 5 being drive-connected to a first trigger switch 8 and a second trigger switch 11.

[0038] Branch line 5 is made of conventional steel wire rope material, which is low in cost, easy to obtain, easy to maintain, requires no high-end precision instruments, and has good durability and high reliability.

[0039] When the potential landslide body 2 collapses, the second positioning ring 15 is displaced, which drives the branch line 5 to move, thereby engaging the first trigger switch 8 and / or the second trigger switch 11, energizing the warning component 13.

[0040] The early warning component 13 includes an audible warning structure, a soft barrier road-blocking warning structure, a warning light warning structure, and a wireless signal warning structure. The audible warning structure uses a loudspeaker to alert oncoming vehicles that a landslide has occurred ahead, requesting them to slow down and stop. The soft barrier road-blocking warning structure uses barriers to block the road next to the landslide, preventing passing vehicles from passing through the warning zone. The warning light warning structure uses warning lights to alert oncoming vehicles that a landslide has occurred ahead, requesting them to slow down and stop. The wireless signal warning structure uses the public network to send landslide alert information to maintenance personnel and relevant early warning departments, reminding them to take timely action.

[0041] The battery, sound warning structure, soft barrier road-blocking warning structure, warning light warning structure, and wireless signal warning structure are connected in series. The battery and solar panel are electrically connected through a photovoltaic controller, and the battery is powered by the solar panel.

[0042] In one alternative embodiment, the first trigger switch 8 includes a first slide bar 802, which is coaxially fixed to the branch line 5. A first conductive piece 801 is fixed to the end of the first slide bar 802 away from the branch line 5. A second conductive piece 803 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the first slide bar 802. The second conductive piece 803 is fixed to the foot 3. A first spring 804 is sleeved on the outer side of the first slide bar 802. The first spring 804 is disposed between the first conductive piece 801 and the second conductive piece 803. Neither the first slide bar 802 nor the first spring 804 is conductive.

[0043] The first conductive sheet 801 and the second conductive sheet 803 are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the early warning component 13, respectively.

[0044] In one alternative, a connector 401 is fixedly connected to the branch line 5, and a bus 4 is fixedly connected to the connector 401. The axis of the bus 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the branch line 5. One end of the bus 4 is fixedly connected to the foot 3, and the other end of the bus 4 is connected to the second trigger switch 11.

[0045] The branch line 5 can capture the displacement changes of the rock mass during a landslide. The main line 4 and the branch line 5 adopt a differentiated threshold design. When the displacement of the main line 4 meets the corresponding triggering conditions or the displacement of a single branch line 5 meets the corresponding triggering conditions, an early warning can be triggered. The two different early warning threshold setting modes solve the early warning problems of two different situations: local severe landslides and overall landslides, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the system's early warning.

[0046] By employing a simple pull-wire structure and mechanical triggering mechanism, rather than photoelectric, acoustic, or image-based measurement variables, the system's stability and reliability can be ensured under conditions of heavy rain, strong winds, and sandstorms.

[0047] In one alternative embodiment, the second trigger switch 11 includes a second slide bar 1104, which is coaxially fixed to the bus 4. A third conductive piece 1101 is fixed to one end of the second slide bar 1104 away from the bus 4. A fourth conductive piece 1102 is slidably connected to the second slide bar 1104 and is fixed to the ramp foot 3. A second spring 1103 is sleeved on the outside of the second slide bar 1104 and is located between the third conductive piece 1101 and the fourth conductive piece 1102.

[0048] The third conductive sheet 1101 and the fourth conductive sheet 1102 are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the early warning component 13, respectively.

[0049] In one alternative embodiment, the adjusting assembly includes a first friction valve 7 and a second friction valve 10, both of which are fixed to the foot 3. The second friction valve 10 is disposed on the bus 4 and is used to adjust the moving resistance of the bus 4. The first friction valve 7 is disposed on the branch line 5 and is used to set the moving resistance of the branch line 5.

[0050] In one alternative, the connector 401 has two first positioning rings 12 on opposite sides, both of which are sleeved on the bus 4. The first positioning rings 12 are fixed to the foot 3, and a distance is left between the first positioning rings 12 and the connector 401.

[0051] In an alternative configuration, one end of the bus 4 is fixed to the foot of the ramp 3 via a second anchoring component 9.

[0052] Specific work process:

[0053] When the potential landslide body 2 experiences a landslide, the potential landslide body 2 causes the branch line 5 to move. The branch line 5, through the bus 4, causes the second trigger switch 11 to engage and / or the branch line 5 causes the first trigger switch 8 to engage, thereby energizing the warning component 13 and issuing a warning signal.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, two adjacent connectors 401 are fixedly connected by a bus 4. The bus 4 at one end is fixedly connected to the foot 3, and the bus 4 at the other end is coaxially fixedly connected to the second slide bar 1104.

[0056] The fourth conductive sheet 1102 and a plurality of second conductive sheets 803 are connected in series with one electrode of the warning component 13 via wire 14, and the third conductive sheet 1101 and a plurality of first conductive sheets 801 are connected in series with another electrode of the warning component 13 via another wire 14.

[0057] When multiple landslide sensing mechanisms are used together, multiple connectors 401 are fixedly connected through bus 4. The fourth conductive sheet 1102 and multiple second conductive sheets 803 are sequentially connected in series on one electrode of the early warning component 13 through wire 14. The third conductive sheet 1101 and multiple first conductive sheets 801 are sequentially connected in series on another electrode of the early warning component 13 through another wire 14. In this embodiment, multiple landslide sensing mechanisms are used in parallel, which reduces the use of materials and lowers costs.

[0058] One example:

[0059] The warning displacement threshold of bus 4 is set to the overall slope landslide displacement warning value. That is, when a landslide occurs, the total displacement of all branch lines 5 is reflected in the displacement of bus 4. When the displacement of bus 4 reaches the displacement warning value, the wire 14 of bus 4 is in a connected state, triggering the warning component 13. The warning displacement threshold of branch line 5 is set to the local slope landslide displacement warning value monitored by branch line 5. When the displacement of a single branch line 5 exceeds this value, the warning component 13 can be triggered independently.

[0060] Define the displacement threshold X and displacement amount X of bus 4. S The displacement threshold x of line 5 i With displacement x is If the number of branch lines 5 is n, then the relationship between the displacement of bus 4 and the displacement of branch line 5 is as follows: Where i represents the i-th branch line 5, and the displacement threshold is the initial distance between the first conductive sheet 801 and the second conductive sheet 803, and between the third conductive sheet 1101 and the fourth conductive sheet 1102 when neither the bus 4 nor the branch line 5 has deformed or displaced.

[0061] The displacement threshold xi (i.e., Tb) for bisector 5 needs to be calculated based on the actual slope parameters, and the formula is as follows: Among them, L b G is the length of line 5, in meters. r The soil and rock grade is divided into six levels, with lower numbers indicating higher soil and rock strength. R s The slope-to-height ratio (slope height / slope length) has no unit. The trigger threshold for local landslides is determined by comprehensively considering the length of bisector 5, soil and rock stability, and slope steepness, ensuring adaptability to different geological conditions.

[0062] Bus 4 displacement threshold X (i.e., T) t ) and the displacement threshold x of the dividing line 5 i (i.e. T) b Based on the number of line segments N (which is consistent with the number of line segments n), differential calculation is used:

[0063] When there is only one sensor (N=1), T t =2·T b ;

[0064] When there are multiple sensors (N>1),

[0065] The coefficient "2" in the formula corresponds to the amplification relationship when the displacement of the branch line is mapped to the bus 4 through the first positioning ring 12. When there are multiple sensors, the function m(N) of the number of branch lines N is introduced to achieve accurate quantification of the overall landslide displacement and avoid misjudgment caused by the superposition of local displacements.

[0066] Meanwhile, the threshold setting needs to take into account the influence of environmental factors and be adjusted through compensation coefficients (H, T):

[0067] When the temperature T>35℃, F=F*0.98 (threshold decreases by 5%);

[0068] When the humidity H > 70%, F = F * 0.92 (threshold decreases by 8%);

[0069] When the temperature and humidity are both too high, F = F * 0.98 * 0.92 = F * 0.874 (the threshold decreases by approximately 12.6%).

[0070] The final adjusted threshold is: T' b =T b ·F、T' t =T t • F. Environmental compensation ensures that the early warning threshold is dynamically adapted in scenarios with increased risks such as soil softening and strength reduction, thereby improving the system's response sensitivity.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-weather passive slope safety early warning system, characterized in that, It includes multiple landslide sensing mechanisms, all of which are installed on the potential landslide body (2). The multiple landslide sensing mechanisms are equally spaced along the length of the slope. Each landslide sensing mechanism is connected to a first trigger switch (8) and a second trigger switch (11). Both the first trigger switch (8) and the second trigger switch (11) are electrically connected to the early warning component (13). The first trigger switch (8), the second trigger switch (11), and the early warning component (13) are all installed at the foot of the slope (3). The landslide sensing mechanism is also equipped with an adjustment component, which is located at the foot of the slope (3). The landslide sensing mechanism includes a branch line (5), the top end of which is fixed to the top of the slope (1) by a first anchoring component (6), the bottom end of which is located at the foot of the slope (3), the branch line (5) is perpendicular to the length direction of the slope, and a plurality of second positioning rings (15) are provided on the branch line (5). The plurality of second positioning rings (15) are equally spaced along the length direction of the branch line (5), and the second positioning rings (15) are fixed to the potential landslide body (2). The branch line (5) is connected to the first trigger switch (8) and the second trigger switch (11) in a transmission connection. A connector (401) is fixedly connected to the branch line (5), and a bus (4) is fixedly connected to the connector (401). The axis of the bus (4) is perpendicular to the axis of the branch line (5). One end of the bus (4) is fixedly connected to the foot (3), and the other end of the bus (4) is connected to the second trigger switch (11). The adjustment assembly includes a first friction valve (7) and a second friction valve (10). The first friction valve (7) and the second friction valve (10) are both fixed to the foot of the slope (3). The second friction valve (10) is disposed on the bus (4) and is used to adjust the moving resistance of the bus (4). The first friction valve (7) is disposed on the branch line (5) and is used to set the moving resistance of the branch line (5).

2. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first trigger switch (8) includes a first slide rod (802), which is coaxially fixed to the branch line (5). A first conductive piece (801) is fixed to one end of the first slide rod (802) away from the branch line (5). A second conductive piece (803) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the first slide rod (802). The second conductive piece (803) is fixed to the foot of the slope (3). A first spring (804) is sleeved on the outer side of the first slide rod (802). The first spring (804) is disposed between the first conductive piece (801) and the second conductive piece (803). Neither the first slide rod (802) nor the first spring (804) is conductive. The first conductive sheet (801) and the second conductive sheet (803) are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the early warning component (13), respectively.

3. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second trigger switch (11) includes a second slide bar (1104), which is coaxially fixed to the bus (4). A third conductive piece (1101) is fixed to one end of the second slide bar (1104) away from the bus (4). A fourth conductive piece (1102) is slidably connected to the second slide bar (1104). The fourth conductive piece (1102) is fixed to the foot (3). A second spring (1103) is sleeved on the outside of the second slide bar (1104). The second spring (1103) is located between the third conductive piece (1101) and the fourth conductive piece (1102). The third conductive sheet (1101) and the fourth conductive sheet (1102) are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the early warning component (13), respectively.

4. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (401) has a first positioning ring (12) on each side opposite to the connector (4). Both first positioning rings (12) are sleeved on the bus (4). The first positioning rings (12) are fixed to the foot (3). There is a distance between the first positioning rings (12) and the connector (401).

5. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the bus (4) is fixed to the foot of the slope (3) by the second anchoring component (9).

6. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two adjacent connectors (401) are fixedly connected by a bus (4). The bus (4) at one end is fixedly connected to the foot of the slope (3), and the bus (4) at the other end is coaxially fixedly connected to the second slide bar (1104).

7. The all-weather passive slope safety early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fourth conductive sheet (1102) and a plurality of the second conductive sheets (803) are connected in series in series with one electrode of the warning component (13) via a wire (14), and the third conductive sheet (1101) and a plurality of the first conductive sheets (801) are connected in series in series with another wire (14) with another electrode of the warning component (13).

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