Multi-medium sample filtering device based on forestry experiment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of filtration devices, and discloses a forestry experiment-based multi-medium sample filtration device, which comprises: a filtration frame, which comprises a filtration frame upper layer and a filtration frame lower layer; the placing grooves are respectively formed in the filtering frame upper layer and the filtering frame lower layer, and a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the top of the filtering frame lower layer; and the independent filtering mechanism comprises a protective shell, a dustproof cover, a filtering cup and filtering paper which are respectively arranged in the corresponding placing grooves. According to the multi-medium sample filtering device based on the forestry experiment, the filter paper is designed to be formed by pressing reed fibers, and the surface of the filter paper is coated with a 0.5% xylanase coating, so that the possibility of blockage is reduced by utilizing a hollow structure and a pore structure of the reed fibers; meanwhile, xylanase can destroy a lignin-carbohydrate compound structure of the wood cellulose residues, so that pores of the wood cellulose residues are increased and even broken, and the situation that the wood cellulose residues cause blockage and influence the filtering efficiency is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filtration device technology, specifically a multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments. Background Technology

[0002] In forestry scientific research, sample pretreatment (such as wood cellulose extraction, soil nutrient detection, and plant polyphenol separation) involves filtration to remove residues and obtain pure filtrate. However, the traditional filtration method is atmospheric pressure filtration, which uses filter paper as the filter medium to separate mixtures. This is also one of the most basic and commonly used solid-liquid separation techniques in chemical experiments and industrial production. When using atmospheric pressure filtration, a filter rack is a commonly used tool. It typically has two layers: the upper layer holds the filter paper, and the lower layer holds the filter cup. The filter paper is placed on the upper layer of the filter rack, and the filter cup is placed directly below it on the lower layer to collect the filtered liquid.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, the following problems often arise when using atmospheric pressure filtration:

[0004] In a filter paper, filter element and filter, and a high-precision filtration filter paper for hemp pulp, all with the main classification number B01D39, when filtering forestry sample liquid, the presence of a large amount of wood cellulose residue in the forestry sample liquid will cause the wood cellulose residue to gradually clog the filter paper and filter paper as filtration proceeds, significantly reducing the filtration efficiency of both and affecting the filtration process.

[0005] Filter racks are typically equipped with multiple stations to filter different liquids simultaneously. However, in actual use, these stations cannot be used at the same time. This is because after the liquid at one station is filtered, the filter cup containing the filtered liquid needs to be removed. However, since the filtration work at other stations is not yet complete, forcibly removing the filter cup may cause it to move to the bottom of the filter paper at another station, thus mistakenly collecting the filtered liquid. If the two stations are filtering different liquids, the extracted filtered liquid will be impure, affecting the filtration results.

[0006] Since the changes in color and turbidity of some forestry samples before and after filtration are not readily apparent, transparency sensors are required to detect the filtered liquid. However, transparency sensors are generally fixed and can only detect the transparency of the liquid at a certain height. Therefore, if multiple transparency sensors are to be installed at different heights to detect the transparency of the liquid at various heights, the cost will be high. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability to use multiple workstations of the filter rack simultaneously and the high cost of setting up transparency sensors.

[0009] (II) Technical Solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments, comprising:

[0011] The filter frame includes an upper filter frame and a lower filter frame;

[0012] Several placement slots are respectively opened on the upper layer and the lower layer of the filter frame, and several mounting slots are formed on the top of the lower layer of the filter frame.

[0013] An independent filtration mechanism, including a protective shell, a dust cover, a filter cup, and filter paper, is respectively set in the corresponding placement slots to divide each group of filtration devices into independent filtration units that do not affect each other.

[0014] The protective shell is rotatably connected to the dust cover;

[0015] The filter cup and the filter paper are arranged vertically inside the dust cover, with the filter paper located at the top of the filter cup;

[0016] The filter paper is configured to be made of reed fiber pressed together and coated with a 0.5% xylanase coating on the surface;

[0017] The moving detection mechanism, including a slider and a transparency sensor, is housed within the protective shell. The slider moves vertically, causing the filter cup to move upward out of the dust cover and causing the transparency sensor to move upward before the filter cup moves upward, thereby increasing the detection range of the transparency sensor.

[0018] The slider is configured such that when it descends to the bottom, there is a gap between its top and the bottom of the filter cup.

[0019] Preferably, the independent filter structure further includes:

[0020] A fixing base is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the protective shell and seals and separates the upper and lower ends of the protective shell;

[0021] A filter liquid pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting base, with its top higher than the top of the inside of the mounting base, for contacting the bottom of the filter cup to detect the mass of the filter cup and the liquid inside.

[0022] Several rubber strips are fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the protective shell to provide movement guidance and friction for the filter cup, prevent the filter cup from moving quickly inside the protective shell and affecting the filter cup and the internal liquid, and isolate the inner wall of the protective shell from the side wall of the filter cup to form space for other components;

[0023] A placement ring, configured with an outer diameter larger than that of the filter cup, is placed inside the protective shell and located on top of the filter cup for placing the filter paper.

[0024] Several ventilation holes are arranged in a ring on the upper side wall of the protective shell to allow the upper part of the protective shell to communicate with the outside.

[0025] Preferably, the independent filter structure further includes:

[0026] A temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the protective shell and is used to detect the temperature inside the upper part of the protective shell;

[0027] A humidity sensor is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the protective shell and is used to detect the humidity inside the upper part of the protective shell.

[0028] Preferably, the independent filter mechanism is configured to be installed by inserting it vertically downwards into the corresponding placement slot and removed vertically upwards.

[0029] Preferably, the slider is configured to include a driving rod and a driven rod, wherein the driving rod is configured as a toothed rod.

[0030] Preferably, the mobile detection mechanism further includes:

[0031] The gear is rotatably connected to the fixed base and meshes with the driving rod of the sliding member to drive the sliding member to move up and down;

[0032] The turbine is rotatably connected to the fixed base and rotates coaxially and synchronously with the gear, thereby driving the gear to rotate synchronously with itself.

[0033] The worm gear is rotatably connected to the protective shell and also meshes with the gear, and passes through the side wall of the protective shell. It is used to drive the turbine to rotate by its own rotation and provides self-locking.

[0034] Two elastic members are fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding active rod and driven rod, respectively, to provide a buffering force when in contact with the filter cup, and to deform when providing the buffering force;

[0035] The two limiting ends are set at the bottom of the active rod and the driven rod of the slider.

[0036] Preferably, the transparency sensor includes:

[0037] The transmitter of the transparency sensor is used to emit infrared light;

[0038] The transparency sensor receiver is used to receive infrared light and calculate transparency.

[0039] The transparency sensor transmitter and receiver are configured to detect the transparency of the liquid at the bottom of the filter cup when they are at the bottom.

[0040] Preferably, the mobile detection mechanism further includes:

[0041] A transmission rod, fixed to the sidewalls of the driving rod and the driven rod of the sliding member, moves synchronously with the sliding member and is used to limit the descent height of the sliding member by its own volume;

[0042] Two sensors are fixed to opposite sides of the top of the transmission rod, extending upward through the fixing base to the top of the fixing base. The top of each sensor is fixedly connected to the transmitter and receiver of the transparency sensor, respectively.

[0043] Preferably, the sliding member is configured such that, when lowered to its lowest position, its bottom moves to the outside of the protective shell, and each of the plurality of mounting slots is provided with:

[0044] A support base is slidably connected to the mounting groove to support the entire independent filtration mechanism and the mobile detection mechanism;

[0045] Two slots are provided on the top of the support base to accommodate the insertion of the bottom end of the slider;

[0046] A total pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the mounting slot and located at the bottom of the card slot, and is used to detect the quality of the entire independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism;

[0047] The lower layer of the filter frame includes:

[0048] Several total mass display screens are respectively installed on the top of the lower layer of the filter frame and electrically connected to the corresponding total pressure sensors around them, for displaying the detection parameters of the corresponding total pressure sensors around them.

[0049] Preferably, the dust cover is provided with:

[0050] The processor is fixedly connected inside the dust cover and electrically connected to the filter liquid pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the transparency sensor transmitter, and the transparency sensor receiver. It is used to receive data transmitted from the filter liquid pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the transparency sensor transmitter, and the transparency sensor receiver, and to perform further regulation based on the received data.

[0051] An alarm is fixedly connected inside the dust cover and electrically connected to the processor, and is used to emit a warning sound under the control of the processor;

[0052] A parameter display screen is fixedly connected to the top of the dust cover and electrically connected to the processor, used to display corresponding parameters under the control of the processor.

[0053] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0054] The multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] 1. This multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments uses filter paper made by pressing reed fibers and coating the surface with 0.5% xylanase. By utilizing the hollow and porous structure of reed fibers, the possibility of clogging is reduced. At the same time, xylanase can destroy the lignin-carbohydrate complex structure of wood cellulose residue, causing its pores to increase or even break down, thereby avoiding clogging caused by wood cellulose residue and affecting filtration efficiency.

[0056] 2. This multi-media sample filtration device for forestry experiments divides each filtration unit into independent filtration units by setting up independent filtration mechanisms including a protective shell, dust cover, filter cup, and filter paper. Each independent filtration mechanism can be vertically inserted into or removed from its placement slot for installation and removal. After filtration at a certain station is completed, the operator can directly remove the independent filtration mechanism for that station, avoiding the accidental collection of liquids from other stations when removing the filter cup, thus preventing impurities in the filtrate. This solves the problem of existing filter racks where multiple stations cannot be used simultaneously, increasing the number of effectively usable stations on the filter rack.

[0057] 3. This multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments utilizes a sliding mechanism with components such as sliders, gears, turbines, and worm gears to move the transparency sensor upwards before the filter cup. When the slider descends to its lowest point, there is a gap between the top of the slider and the bottom of the filter cup. In the initial movement phase, only the transparency sensor moves, expanding the detection range and enabling the detection of liquid transparency at different heights within the filter cup. This eliminates the need for multiple transparency sensors at different heights, reducing costs and solving the problems of limited detection range and high cost associated with existing fixed transparency sensors.

[0058] 4. This multi-media sample filtration device for forestry experiments features a support base, a slot, a total pressure sensor, and a total mass display screen installed in the lower mounting groove of the filter frame. The sliding component's bottom inserts into the slot to position the independent filtration mechanism. The total pressure sensor detects the overall mass and displays it on the total mass display screen. Operators can intuitively understand the total mass of the equipment at each station, assess installation stability or component malfunctions, and monitor mass changes in real time during filtration to promptly identify problems. This process does not affect the independence of each station, further ensuring filtration reliability when multiple stations are used simultaneously, and helping to solve existing operational and monitoring challenges in multi-station applications. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter frame of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection structure of the filter frame, independent filter mechanism and mobile detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the independent filtration mechanism of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mobile detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0068] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the protective shell of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention 70.

[0070] In the diagram: 10. Upper layer of filter rack; 20. Lower layer of filter rack; 21. Total mass display screen; 30. Protective shell; 31. Fixing base; 32. Filter liquid pressure sensor; 33. Sliding component; 331. Gear; 332. Turbine; 333. Worm gear; 334. Elastic component; 335. Limiting end; 336. Transmission rod; 34. Rubber strip; 35. Temperature sensor; 36. Humidity sensor; 37. Transparency sensor transmitter; 371. Transparency sensor receiver; 38. Placement ring; 39. Vent hole; 40. Dust cover; 41. Processor; 42. Alarm; 43. Parameter display screen; 50. Filter cup; 60. Filter paper; 70. Support base; 71. Slot; 80. Total pressure sensor; 90. Placement slot. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] refer to Figures 1 to 6 and Figure 10 A preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments, will be described in detail below:

[0074] The filter frame includes an upper layer 10 and a lower layer 20. The filter frame can be made by mixing fir wood processing waste with polylactic acid and bamboo fiber powder in a ratio of 6:3:1, adding silane coupling agent for modification, and injection molding. After modification, the resistance of the entire filter frame to tannic acid and rosin acid corrosion can be increased by 80%, making it suitable for acidic samples in forestry. Moreover, using this raw material can utilize forestry waste, reduce costs, and is environmentally friendly.

[0075] Several placement slots 90 are respectively opened on the upper layer 10 and the lower layer 20 of the filter frame, and several installation slots are formed on the top of the lower layer 20 of the filter frame; an inclined slot can be set in the placement slot 90 opened on the upper layer 10 of the filter frame so that the operator can directly pinch the dust cover 40 and take out the entire independent filter mechanism.

[0076] The independent filtration mechanism, including a protective shell 30, a dust cover 40, a filter cup 50, and filter paper 60, is respectively placed in corresponding slots 90 to divide each filtration device into an independent filtration unit that does not affect each other. The filter paper 60 can be made from forestry by-products and coated with a 0.5% wood polyol coating. The dust cover 40 can be made of transparent polypropylene with a light transmittance of 80%-90%, allowing clear observation of the filtration status of the internal filter paper 60 and the liquid collection volume, meeting the needs of real-time monitoring during experiments. Furthermore, as a thermoplastic, its impact strength is more than 10 times that of ordinary glass, making it less prone to breakage even after impact or drop. It also exhibits excellent resistance to acidic samples commonly used in forestry experiments, producing no leachables and preventing contamination of the filtered samples. Finally, its density is only 0.9 g / cm², far lower than glass, reducing the overall weight of the independent filtration mechanism and facilitating insertion and removal by staff.

[0077] The protective shell 30 and the dust cover 40 are rotatably connected, thereby ensuring that the protective shell 30 and the dust cover 40 are always connected, so that the sensor located inside the protective shell 30 can be electrically connected to the processor 41 through the circuit.

[0078] The filter cup 50 and filter paper 60 are arranged vertically inside the dust cover 40, with the filter paper 60 located on top of the filter cup 50, so that the liquid filtered through the filter paper 60 can drip directly downwards into the filter cup 50, ensuring that the filter cup 50 can completely collect the filtered liquid.

[0079] The filter paper 60 is made of reed fiber and coated with 0.5% xylanase. Xylanase can destroy the lignin-carbohydrate complex structure of wood cellulose residue, causing its pores to increase or even break, thereby avoiding blockage caused by wood cellulose residue and affecting filtration efficiency.

[0080] The mobile detection mechanism, including the slider 33 and the transparency sensor, is housed within the protective shell 30. The slider 33 moves vertically, causing the filter cup 50 to move upwards out of the dust cover 40, and simultaneously causing the transparency sensor to move upwards before the filter cup 50, thus increasing the sensor's detection range. The driving and driven rods of the slider 33 slide up and down through the fixed base 31. To prevent gaps between the fixed base 31 and the slider 33, which could cause spilled filter liquid from the upper part of the protective shell 30 to flow to the lower part, two sealing rubber rings can be installed at the upper and lower ends of the channel through which the slider 33 moves within the fixed base 31.

[0081] The slider 33 is configured such that when it descends to the bottom, there is a gap between its top and the bottom of the filter cup 50. This ensures that when the slider 33 moves upward a certain distance, it does not contact the filter cup 50 and cannot move the filter cup 50. At the same time, the slider 33 moves the transparency sensor upward, thereby expanding the detection range of the transparency sensor. This allows a set of transparency sensors to detect not only the transparency of the filtered liquid at the bottom of the filter cup 50, but also the transparency of the liquid in the middle or even the upper part of the filter cup 50 by adjusting the position of the slider 33. This reduces the number of transparency sensors required and saves costs.

[0082] The independent filtration structure also includes:

[0083] The fixing seat 31 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the protective shell 30 and seals and separates the upper and lower ends of the protective shell 30. The top of the fixing seat 31 can be provided with a layer of natural rubber modified with tannic acid extracted from pine bark, which has good corrosion resistance and can absorb organic acid spilled from the filter cup 50, ensuring that the spilled organic acid will not adhere to and corrode various parts, thus ensuring the safety of the components.

[0084] The filter liquid pressure sensor 32 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting base 31, with its top higher than the top of the inside of the mounting base 31. It is used to contact the bottom of the filter cup 50 to detect the mass of the filter cup 50 and the liquid inside. The filter liquid pressure sensor 32 can be a miniature pressure sensor, specifically the Freescale MPX series. This type of sensor is small in size and highly accurate, and can accurately detect changes in the mass of the filter cup 50 and the liquid inside. A circular contact pad with a diameter matching the bottom of the filter cup 50 needs to be set on the top of the sensor. The contact pad is made of silicone material, which can increase the friction with the bottom of the filter cup 50 to prevent the filter cup 50 from sliding, and also play a buffering role to avoid damage caused by direct rigid contact between the filter liquid pressure sensor 32 and the filter cup 50. The connection between the filter liquid pressure sensor 32 and the mounting base 31 is a threaded connection for easy disassembly and replacement.

[0085] Several rubber strips 34 are fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the protective shell 30 to provide movement guidance and friction for the filter cup 50, preventing the filter cup 50 from moving rapidly inside the protective shell 30 and affecting the filter cup 50 and its internal liquid. They also isolate the inner wall of the protective shell 30 from the side wall of the filter cup 50, creating space for other components. The rubber strips 34 are made of rubber, and there can be four of them, evenly distributed on the inner side of the upper side wall of the protective shell 30. The rubber strips 34 are made of nitrile rubber, which has good elasticity and wear resistance, providing stable guidance when the filter cup 50 moves. At the same time, the friction force slows down the movement speed of the filter cup 50, preventing internal liquid from splashing out due to excessive movement. The cross-section of the rubber strips 34 can be set as semi-circular, with a thickness of 3-5mm, so that it can form a good fit when in contact with the side wall of the filter cup 50. The connection between the rubber strips 34 and the inner wall of the protective shell 30 can be made with strong adhesive. Before pasting, the inner wall of the protective shell 30 needs to be sanded to enhance the adhesion.

[0086] The placement ring 38 is designed with an outer diameter larger than that of the filter cup 50. It is placed inside the protective shell 30 and located on top of the filter cup 50 to hold the filter paper 60. The placement ring 38 can be made of polypropylene, which is chemically resistant and lightweight. The inner diameter of the placement ring 38 must match the outer diameter of the filter paper 60 to ensure that the filter paper 60 can be placed stably on the placement ring 38. In addition, a groove can be formed on the upper surface of the placement ring 38 to position the filter paper 60 and prevent it from shifting during the filtration process.

[0087] Several vent holes 39 are annularly formed on the upper side wall of the protective shell 30 to connect the upper part of the protective shell 30 with the outside. The vent holes 39 are positioned higher than the height of the placement ring 38 to prevent liquid from flowing out of the vent holes 39 during the filtration process. The vent holes 39 can balance the air pressure inside the protective shell 30 and the outside to ensure smooth filtration. At the same time, a dustproof mesh can be attached to the inside of the vent holes 39. The dustproof mesh is made of nylon with a mesh size of 100-120, which can prevent external dust from entering the interior of the protective shell 30 without affecting air circulation.

[0088] The independent filtration structure also includes:

[0089] Temperature sensor 35 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of protective shell 30 and is used to detect the temperature inside the upper part of protective shell 30. Specifically, temperature sensor 35 can be selected from Hongxing Electronics' DHT11 digital temperature and humidity detection sensor, which can detect temperature and humidity simultaneously. The operating voltage of this sensor is 3-5.5V, the temperature measurement range is 0-50℃, and the accuracy can reach +2℃. It can adapt well to general ambient temperature detection. When temperature sensor 35 uses DHT11 digital temperature and humidity detection sensor, the setting of humidity sensor 36 can be cancelled.

[0090] Humidity sensor 36 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of protective housing 30 and is used to detect the humidity inside the upper part of protective housing 30. Humidity sensor 36 can be the Swiss Sensirion SHT31 temperature and humidity detection sensor, which has the characteristics of high precision and fast response speed. The humidity measurement accuracy can reach ±2%RH, and the working voltage is 2.4-5.5V. It can quickly and accurately measure the ambient humidity.

[0091] The independent filter mechanism is designed to be installed by inserting vertically downward into the corresponding placement slot 90 and removed vertically upward. By integrating the filter cup 50 and filter paper 60 into the protective housing 30, the filter cup 50 and filter paper 60 can be removed individually by inserting and pulling out without affecting the filtration of other filter cups 50 and filter paper 60, thereby increasing the effective working space of the filter rack.

[0092] The dust cover 40 is equipped with:

[0093] The processor 41 is fixedly connected inside the dust cover 40 and electrically connected to the filter liquid pressure sensor 32, temperature sensor 35, humidity sensor 36, transparency sensor transmitter 37, and transparency sensor receiver 371. It receives data transmitted from these sensors and performs further adjustments based on the received data. Specifically, the processor 41 can be an Arduino Uno microcontroller, with its core being an ATmega328P. Operating at 5V, it has 14 digital input / output pins and 6 analog input pins, providing abundant interface resources for easy connection to various sensors in the filtration device to achieve data acquisition and processing. Furthermore, its development difficulty is low; simple C / C++ programming is sufficient to analyze and process the data and adjust the alarm 42 and parameter display screen 43 according to preset logic.

[0094] Alarm 42 is fixedly connected inside the dust cover 40 and electrically connected to the processor 41. It is used to emit a prompting sound under the control of the processor 41. Alarm 42 can be selected from buzzer modules, specifically DFRobot active buzzers, which have a working voltage of 3-5V, good power supply system compatibility, and simple driving. By sending high and low level signals to the corresponding pins, the buzzer can be controlled to sound and stop. Under the control of the processor 41, it can emit prompting sounds in a timely manner according to the operating status of the filter device to remind the staff.

[0095] The parameter display screen 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the dust cover 40 and electrically connected to the processor 41. It displays corresponding parameters under the control of the processor 41. An OLED display screen can be used, specifically a 0.96-inch OLED display with an I2C interface. Its display principle is based on the self-illumination of organic materials to present images and text, offering advantages such as clear display, high contrast, and wide viewing angle. It uses the I2C communication protocol, requiring only two wires to connect to the processor 41, thus consuming few pins. Under the control of the processor 41, it can display parameters such as the quality, temperature, humidity, and transparency of the filtered liquid in real time, allowing operators to easily view the operating data of the filtration device.

[0096] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0097] Before conducting the forestry experiment filtration operation, the filter cup 50 is placed inside the protective shell 30, specifically on top of the fixing base 31. At this time, the filter liquid pressure sensor 32 inside the fixing base 31 is in contact with the bottom of the filter cup 50, monitoring the filter cup 50 and the quality of the liquid inside in real time. Then, the filter paper 60 is placed on the placement ring 38, and the placement ring 38 is placed inside the protective shell 30. At this time, the placement ring 38 is located inside the protective shell 30 and on top of the filter cup 50, and the liquid filtered by the filter paper 60 falls downward into the filter cup 50. Then, the entire independent filtration mechanism is inserted into the placement groove 90, and the filter cup 50 and filter paper 60 perform filtration automatically. During this process, the vent 39 connects the upper part of the protective shell 30 to the outside, balancing the air pressure to ensure smooth filtration. The temperature sensor 35 and humidity sensor 36 respectively detect the temperature and humidity inside the upper part of the protective shell 30. The processor 41 receives data from the filter liquid pressure sensor 32, temperature sensor 35, and humidity sensor 36. If any parameter exceeds the threshold, the processor 41 will activate the alarm 42 to sound an alarm. The parameter display screen 43 displays parameters such as the filter liquid quality, temperature, humidity, and transparency in real time for easy viewing by staff. After filtration at a certain station is completed, the staff can pinch the dust cover 40 and pull the entire independent filter mechanism vertically upwards to remove it. Because each unit is independent, the removal process does not affect the continued filtration at other stations, effectively improving the utilization rate of the filter rack stations.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] refer to Figures 4 to 9The sliding member 33 is configured to include an active rod and a driven rod. The active rod is configured as a rack. The entire sliding member 33 can be made of stainless steel, which has high strength and good corrosion resistance, ensuring that it is not easily deformed or damaged during long-term use. The rack part of the active rod can be machined using precision milling technology to ensure the meshing transmission accuracy between it and the gear 331 and reduce transmission errors. The outer diameter of the driven rod is consistent with that of the active rod, both set to 8-10mm. The function of the driven rod is to assist the active rod in driving the filter cup 50 to move smoothly, avoiding the filter cup 50 from tilting due to unilateral force during movement. The lengths of the active rod and the driven rod need to be determined according to the height of the protective shell 30 and the moving stroke of the filter cup 50 to ensure that the filter cup 50 can move out of the protective shell 30.

[0100] Mobile testing facilities also include:

[0101] Gear 331 is rotatably connected to fixed base 31 and meshes with the driving rod of sliding member 33 to drive sliding member 33 to move up and down. Gear 331 can be made of 45 steel, which is heat treated to achieve a hardness of HRC28-32, thereby improving the wear resistance and strength of gear 331. The number of teeth of gear 331 matches the number of teeth of driving rod and the same module, thus facilitating the movement of sliding member 33.

[0102] The turbine 332 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 31 and rotates coaxially and synchronously with the gear 331 to drive the gear 331 to rotate synchronously with itself. The turbine 332 can be made of the same material as the gear 331 to ensure the stability of the synchronous rotation of the gear 331 and the turbine 332.

[0103] The worm 333 is rotatably connected to the protective shell 30 and also meshes with the gear 331. It passes through the side wall of the protective shell 30 and is used to drive the turbine 332 to rotate by its own rotation, and provides self-locking. Anti-slip patterns can be provided at one end of the worm 333 near the outer side of the protective shell 30 so that the operator can rotate the worm 333 by friction, thereby driving the turbine 332 and the gear 331 to rotate, and thus driving the sliding member 33 to move.

[0104] Two elastic elements 334 are fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding active rod and driven rod, respectively, to provide a buffering force when in contact with the filter cup 50, and to deform when providing the buffering force; the elastic elements 334 can be made of rubber, and can be compressed to deform when in contact with the bottom of the filter cup 50, thereby further increasing the detection range of the transparency sensor.

[0105] The two limiting ends 335 are set as the bottom of the driving rod and driven rod of the sliding member 33.

[0106] Transparency sensors include:

[0107] Transparency sensor transmitter 37 is used to emit infrared light;

[0108] Transparency sensor receiver 371 is used to receive infrared light and calculate transparency;

[0109] The transparency sensor transmitter 37 and the transparency sensor receiver 371 are configured to detect the transparency of the liquid at the bottom of the filter cup 50 when they are at the bottom, thereby ensuring that the transparency sensor continuously detects the transparency of the bottom of the filter cup 50 when the filter cup 50 is receiving filtered liquid. At the same time, when the transparency sensor moves upward, it can also detect the transparency of the liquid in the middle and upper parts of the filter cup 50. Thus, the transparency of the filtered liquid at different heights in the filter cup 50 can be detected by a single transparency sensor.

[0110] Mobile testing facilities also include:

[0111] The transmission rod 336 is fixed to the side wall of the driving rod and driven rod of the sliding member 33 and moves synchronously with the sliding member 33. It is used to limit the descent height of the sliding member 33 by its own volume. The transmission rod 336 can be made of stainless steel and is connected to the driving rod and driven rod by welding. The welding point needs to be ground to ensure that the surface is smooth, so as to stably follow the movement of the sliding member 33.

[0112] Two 337s are fixed to opposite sides of the top of the transmission rod 336, extending upward through the fixing base 31 to the top of the fixing base 31. The top of the two 337s is fixedly connected to the transparency sensor transmitter 37 and the transparency sensor receiver 371, respectively. The 337s can also be made of stainless steel and are produced as an integral part of the transmission rod 336 or welded to the transmission rod 336, so as to stably follow the movement of the transmission rod 336.

[0113] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0114] During forestry experimental filtration, when it is necessary to detect the transparency of liquid at different heights within the filter cup 50 or to remove the filter cup 50, the moving detection mechanism can be activated by rotating the worm gear 333 that penetrates the side wall of the protective shell 30. The worm gear 333 meshes with the turbine 332, and its rotation drives the coaxial turbine 332 to rotate synchronously. The turbine 332 is coaxial with the gear 331, which in turn drives the gear 331 to rotate. The gear 331 meshes with the driving rod of the sliding member 33, and the rotation of the gear 331 is converted into the vertical movement of the driving rod. At the same time, the driven rod moves synchronously with the driving rod to ensure smooth movement. When the sliding member 33 moves, the transmission rod 336 fixed to its side wall moves synchronously. The connecting parts 337 on both sides of the top of the transmission rod 336 then drive the transparency sensor transmitter 37 and the transparency sensor receiver 371 to move. Because there is a gap between the top of the slider 33 and the bottom of the filter cup 50 when the slider 33 descends to its lowest point, during the initial movement phase, the slider 33 does not contact the filter cup 50. Only the transparency sensor moves upward first, expanding the detection range and enabling the detection of the transparency of the liquid in the middle and upper parts of the filter cup 50. This eliminates the need for multiple sets of sensors to achieve multi-height detection, thereby reducing costs. As the slider 33 continues to move upward, its top elastic element 334 contacts the bottom of the filter cup 50. The elastic element 334 deforms to provide cushioning, preventing rigid collisions from damaging the components. Subsequently, the slider 33 moves the filter cup 50 upward out of the dust cover 40, making it convenient for personnel to remove the filter cup 50.

[0115] Example 3

[0116] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 11 The sliding member 33 is configured such that, when lowered to its lowest position, its bottom moves to the outside of the protective shell 30, facilitating insertion into the slot 71. This prevents the entire independent filter mechanism from rotating within the placement slot 90 and provides a positioning effect for the independent filter mechanism. Several mounting slots are each equipped with:

[0117] The support base 70 is slidably connected in the mounting groove to support the entire independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism. The support base 70 can be made of ABS engineering plastic and its diameter matches the inner diameter of the mounting groove to ensure that the support base 70 can slide smoothly in the placement groove 90 according to the changes in its own weight.

[0118] Two slots 71 are provided on the top of the support base 70 to accommodate the insertion of the bottom end of the slider 33;

[0119] The total pressure sensor 80 is installed at the bottom of the mounting slot and located at the bottom of the card slot 71. It is used to detect the mass of the entire independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism. The total pressure sensor 80 can be a spoke-type pressure sensor, model CYL-103, with a measurement range of 0-1kg and an accuracy of 0.1g. It can accurately detect the total mass of the independent filtration mechanism and the moving detection mechanism. It is fixed to the bottom of the placement slot 90 by screws.

[0120] The lower layer 20 of the filter holder includes:

[0121] Several total mass display screens 21 are respectively set on the top of the lower layer 20 of the filter rack and electrically connected to the corresponding total pressure sensors 80 around them. They are used to display the detection parameters of the corresponding total pressure sensors 80 around them. The total mass display screens 21 can be LED digital tube displays with 4 display digits, which can display mass data from 0 to 999.9g. The display brightness is adjustable and can adapt to different experimental lighting conditions.

[0122] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0123] During installation of the independent filter mechanism, it is vertically inserted into the placement slot 90 of the lower layer 20 of the filter frame. At this time, the sliding member 33 descends to its lowest position, and its bottom limiting end 335 inserts into the slot 71 at the top of the support base 70, thus positioning the independent filter mechanism and preventing it from rotating within the placement slot 90. The support base 70 is slidably connected within the placement slot 90. The combined weight of the independent filter mechanism and the moving detection mechanism is applied to the support base 70, which in turn transmits the weight to the total pressure sensor 80 at the bottom of the placement slot 90. The total pressure sensor 80 detects the overall mass in real time and transmits the data to the corresponding total mass display screen 21 at the top of the lower layer 20 of the filter frame. Operators can intuitively understand the total mass of the equipment at each workstation through the total mass display screen 21 to determine whether the installation is stable or whether there are any abnormal components. During the filtration process, the total pressure sensor 80 continuously monitors changes in mass. If abnormal fluctuations in mass occur, the data will be fed back to the total mass display screen 21 in real time, allowing operators to promptly identify problems. After filtration at a certain station is completed, the worker pulls out the independent filter mechanism upwards. The bottom of the sliding part 33 disengages from the slot 71, and the support base 70 resets under its own gravity. The total pressure sensor 80 detects zero data, preparing for the next installation and testing. At the same time, because each station is independent, the removal process does not affect the normal filtration of other stations, ensuring filtration efficiency.

[0124] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments, characterized by, The utility model relates to a filter device, including: Filter frame, which comprises filter frame upper layer (10) and filter frame lower layer (20); Several placing grooves (90) are respectively arranged on the filter frame upper layer (10) and the filter frame lower layer (20), and several mounting grooves are formed on the top of the filter frame lower layer (20); Independent filter mechanism, including protective shell (30), dust cover (40), filter cup (50) and filter paper (60), are respectively arranged in the corresponding placing groove (90), are used for dividing each group of filter device into independent filter unit, and do not affect each other; The protective shell (30) is rotatably connected with the dust cover (40); The filter cup (50) and the filter paper (60) are arranged vertically in the dust cover (40), and the filter paper (60) is located on the top of the filter cup (50); The filter paper (60) is made of reed fiber by pressing and coated with 0.5% xylanase on the surface; The movement detection mechanism includes a slide (33) and a transparency sensor, both of which are arranged in the protective shell (30), and the slide (33) is used to move the filter cup (50) upwards out of the dust cover (40) and the transparency sensor is used to move upwards before the filter cup (50) moves upwards, thereby improving the detection range of the transparency sensor; When the slide (33) is lowered to the bottom, a gap is formed between the top of the slide (33) and the bottom of the filter cup (50).

2. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The independent filter structure further comprises: A fixed seat (31) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the protective shell (30) and seals and separates the upper and lower ends of the protective shell (30); A filter liquid pressure sensor (32) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed seat (31) and has a top higher than the inner side top of the fixed seat (31), which is used to contact the bottom of the filter cup (50) and detect the quality of the filter cup (50) and the liquid inside; Several rubber strips (34) are fixedly connected to the upper end side wall of the protective shell (30) to provide movement guidance and friction for the filter cup (50), prevent the filter cup (50) from moving quickly in the protective shell (30) and affecting the filter cup (50) and the liquid inside, and isolate the inner wall of the protective shell (30) from the side wall of the filter cup (50) to form a space for other components; A placing ring (38) is arranged to have an outer diameter greater than that of the filter cup (50) and is placed in the protective shell (30) and on the top of the filter cup (50) to place the filter paper (60); Several air holes (39) are annularly arranged on the upper end side wall of the protective shell (30) to communicate the upper end of the protective shell (30) with the outside.

3. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The independent filter structure further comprises: A temperature sensor (35) is fixedly connected to the upper end side wall of the protective shell (30) to detect the temperature in the upper end of the protective shell (30); A humidity sensor (36) is fixedly connected to the upper end side wall of the protective shell (30) to detect the humidity in the upper end of the protective shell (30).

4. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The independent filtering mechanism is arranged to be inserted vertically downward into the corresponding placing slot (90) to complete installation and pulled vertically upward to complete corresponding removal.

5. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding piece (33) is arranged to include a driving rod and a driven rod, and the driving rod is arranged as a toothed rod.

6. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movement detection mechanism further includes: a gear (331) rotatably connected with the fixed seat (31) and meshingly connected with the driving rod of the sliding piece (33), for driving the sliding piece (33) to move up and down; a turbine (332) rotatably connected with the fixed seat (31) and coaxially and synchronously rotatable with the gear (331), for driving the gear (331) to rotate synchronously with the turbine (332); a worm (333) rotatably connected with the protection shell (30) and meshingly connected with the gear (331) and penetrating through the side wall of the protection shell (30), for driving the turbine (332) to rotate by rotating itself and providing self-locking; two elastic pieces (334) fixedly connected at the top of the driving rod and the driven rod respectively, for providing a buffer force when contacting the filter cup (50) and deforming when providing the buffer force; two limiting ends (335) arranged at the bottom of the driving rod and the driven rod of the sliding piece (33).

7. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transparency sensor includes: a transparency sensor emitting end (37) for emitting infrared rays; a transparency sensor receiving end (371) for receiving infrared rays and calculating transparency; The transparency sensor emitting end (37) and the transparency sensor receiving end (371) are arranged to detect the transparency of the liquid at the bottom of the filter cup (50) when located at the bottom.

8. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movement detection mechanism further includes: a transmission rod (336) fixed to the side wall of the driving rod and the driven rod of the sliding piece (33) and synchronously movable with the sliding piece (33), for limiting the descending height of the sliding piece (33) by the volume of the transmission rod (336); two (337) fixed to the top of the opposite sides of the transmission rod (336) and extending upward through the fixed seat (31) to the top of the fixed seat (31), and the transparency sensor emitting end (37) and the transparency sensor receiving end (371) are fixedly connected to the top of the two (337) respectively.

9. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding piece (33) is arranged to move to the outside of the protection shell (30) at the bottom when descending to the lowest position, and the installation slot is provided with: a support base (70) slidably connected in the installation slot, for supporting the entire independent filtering mechanism and the movement detection mechanism; two clamping grooves (71) both provided at the top of the support base (70), for accommodating the insertion of the bottom end of the sliding piece (33); a total pressure sensor (80) installed at the bottom of the installation slot and located at the bottom of the clamping groove (71), for detecting the mass of the entire independent filtering mechanism and the movement detection mechanism; The lower layer (20) of the filter frame includes: A plurality of total mass display screens (21) are arranged on the top of the filter frame lower layer (20) and are electrically connected with the corresponding total pressure sensors (80) around, for displaying the detection parameters of the total pressure sensors (80) around.

10. A multi-media sample filtration device based on forestry experiments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dustproof cover (40) is provided with: A processor (41) is fixedly connected to the inside of the dustproof cover (40) and is electrically connected with the filtered liquid pressure sensor (32), the temperature sensor (35), the humidity sensor (36), the transparency sensor transmitting end (37) and the transparency sensor receiving end (371), for receiving the data transmitted by the filtered liquid pressure sensor (32), the temperature sensor (35), the humidity sensor (36), the transparency sensor transmitting end (37) and the transparency sensor receiving end (371) and performing next step regulation and control according to the received data; An alarm (42) is fixedly connected to the inside of the dustproof cover (40) and is electrically connected with the processor (41), for issuing a prompt sound under the regulation and control of the processor (41); A parameter display screen (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the dustproof cover (40) and is electrically connected with the processor (41), for displaying the corresponding parameters under the regulation and control of the processor (41).

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