A forming device for a heat-shrinkable elbow

Abstract

The present application relates to heat shrink elbow production technical field, especially to a kind of heat shrink elbow forming device, including, data adjustment unit, it is used to determine heat shrink rate ratio based on the heat shrink characteristic of heat shrink tube, determine the shrinkage degree of outer arc area and inner arc area based on heat shrink rate ratio, determine the heat shrink forming temperature adjustment strategy and adjustment amplitude of outer arc area and inner arc area in combination with actual deviation and actual temperature;Negative feedback adjustment module, whether adjustment basic heat shrink forming time and basic heat shrink forming temperature are determined based on the average heat shrink forming time length of each area in detection sample quantity period, the pressure unevenness of outer arc area and inner arc area is determined based on several radial shrinkage pressure to adjust the corresponding basic preset heat shrink forming time length of outer arc area or the temperature adjustment coefficient of outer arc area and inner arc area.The present application combines elbow characteristic and heat shrink tube characteristic to solve the overheating of outer arc and the incomplete shrinkage of inner arc caused by traditional homogenization heating, improve the uniformity and qualified rate of heat shrink forming.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat shrink elbow production, and particularly relates to a forming device for heat shrink elbow. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the industrial fields of cable systems, fluid pipelines, etc., heat shrink tubing is widely used to cover and form elbow components. This process generally involves fitting a tubular heat shrink material onto the surface of an elbow workpiece made of metal or polymer, and then uniformly heating it to cause radial shrinkage, thereby forming a continuous and tight protective cover on the outer contour of the elbow. Due to the special geometry of the elbow, there is a difference in the curvature radii of the inner and outer arcs, which leads to nonlinear shrinkage behavior of the heat shrink tube in the axial and circumferential directions during heating. This physical property makes it challenging to achieve uniform fitting between the heat shrink tube and the elbow curved surface, especially in the inner arc area where material accumulation or wrinkles are likely to occur, and in the outer arc area where excessive stretching or thickness reduction may occur. How to achieve uniform and stable forming of the heat shrink tube on the complex curved surface structure has become a key technical problem in the application of this process.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112406093A discloses a heat shrink tube sleeve forming device, which includes a workbench, a feeding assembly movably arranged on the workbench, a feeding clamp arranged on the feeding assembly, a feeding assembly arranged on the workbench and used for placing a workpiece on the feeding clamp, a pipe cutting assembly arranged on the workbench and used for cutting the heat shrink tube and sleeving the cut heat shrink tube on the workpiece located on the feeding clamp, a forming assembly arranged on the workbench and used for heating and forming the heat shrink tube sleeved on the workpiece, and a collecting assembly arranged on the workbench and used for moving the formed workpiece away from the feeding assembly. The pipe cutting assembly includes a cutting positioning part, a heat shrink tube conveying part for conveying the heat shrink tube to the cutting positioning part, a pipe cutting part for cutting the heat shrink tube positioned on the cutting positioning part, and a sleeve part for moving the cut heat shrink tube away from the cutting positioning part and sleeving it on the workpiece located on the feeding clamp. It can be seen that the heat shrink tube sleeve forming device has the following problems:

[0004] The uniform heating mode adopted by the forming assembly of the device is difficult to adapt to the differences in geometry and thermal physical properties between the inner and outer arcs of the elbow. Since the outer arc surface has a small curvature and low heat capacity, while the inner arc has a large curvature and high heat capacity, uniform heating field can easily cause overheating damage to the heat shrink tube in the outer arc area, while the inner arc area may not fully shrink or wrinkle due to insufficient heat absorption. In addition, the device lacks real-time monitoring and dynamic control capability for the fitting state of the heat shrink tube and the elbow curved surface, and cannot adjust the heating parameters according to the actual shrinkage, making it difficult to ensure the packaging quality of the key areas of the elbow. SUMMARY

[0005] To this end, the application provides a forming device for heat-shrink elbow to overcome the defects of uneven heating and inconsistent shrinkage quality caused by the difference in thermal capacity between the inner and outer arcs of the elbow in the prior art using a uniform heating mode.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the application provides a forming device for heat-shrink elbow, comprising:

[0007] a machine vision detection unit for generating a partitioned fit degree of the heat-shrink material corresponding to the inner arc region, the outer arc region and the two side ends based on analyzing the surface features, so as to determine the heat-shrink forming duration and the heat-shrink forming temperature of each region based on the deviation of the fit degree of each region from the preset regional surface fit degree;

[0008] a temperature control assembly provided with a plurality of heating air ducts for heating the heat-shrink material in different regions of the elbow respectively;

[0009] a data analysis unit for determining a reasonable target pressure ratio based on the elbow characteristics of the inner and outer arcs of the elbow quantified by the inner and outer arc heat dissipation ratios, determining the actual deviation based on the real-time pressure ratio, and determining whether the actual pressure of the outer arc region conforms to the elbow characteristics in response to the actual deviation;

[0010] a data adjustment unit for determining a heat-shrink rate ratio based on the heat-shrink characteristics of the heat-shrink tube, determining the shrinkage degree of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on the heat-shrink rate ratio, and determining the heat-shrink forming temperature adjustment strategy and adjustment amplitude of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on the actual deviation and the actual temperature;

[0011] a control module for determining the supplementary heat-shrink forming duration based on the fit degree of each region, determining whether to adjust the heat-shrink forming temperature of the corresponding region based on the basic heat-shrink forming duration, and controlling the heat-shrink forming duration, the actual temperature and the target air volume of the heating air duct of each region;

[0012] a negative feedback adjustment module for determining whether to adjust the basic heat-shrink forming duration and the basic heat-shrink forming temperature based on the average heat-shrink forming duration of each region in a sample quantity cycle, and adjusting the pressure non-uniformity of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on a plurality of radial shrinkage pressures to adjust the basic preset heat-shrink forming duration of the outer arc region or the temperature adjustment coefficient of the outer arc region and the inner arc region.

[0013] Further, the machine vision detection unit determines the fit degree of each region of the elbow in real time, and obtains the actual heat-shrink forming duration when the fit degree of each region of the elbow reaches a preset fit degree.

[0014] If the actual heat-shrink forming duration is less than the preset basic heat-shrink forming duration, the control module determines that the current heat-shrink forming duration is surplus, and judges whether to shorten the basic heat-shrink forming duration according to the average heat-shrink forming duration of the subsequent sample quantity cycle.

[0015] Further, if the current region adhesion degree of the elbow is greater than or equal to the preset adhesion degree within the preset basic heat shrink molding duration, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink molding duration is reasonable;

[0016] If the current region adhesion degree of the elbow is less than or equal to the preset adhesion degree within the preset basic heat shrink molding duration, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink molding duration is unreasonable, and determines the supplementary heat shrink molding duration.

[0017] Further, the control module compares the preset maximum heat shrink molding duration to determine whether to adjust the heat shrink molding temperature;

[0018] When the total heat shrink molding duration is less than or equal to the maximum heat shrink molding duration, the control module directly performs the supplementary heat shrink molding duration;

[0019] When the total heat shrink molding duration is greater than the maximum heat shrink molding duration, the control module adjusts the heat shrink molding temperature and re-determines the heat shrink molding duration.

[0020] Further, the data analysis unit determines the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio based on the elbow outer arc curvature radius, the elbow inner arc curvature radius, and the heat shrink tube wall thickness, and calculates a reasonable target pressure ratio according to the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio;

[0021] The data analysis unit calculates the real-time pressure ratio according to the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow and the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow to determine the actual deviation;

[0022] If the actual deviation is less than the first deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than the theoretical expectation, exceeds the reasonable range of the elbow characteristics, and the outer arc region of the elbow is insufficiently heated;

[0023] If the actual deviation is greater than the second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc region is higher than the expectation;

[0024] If the actual deviation is greater than or equal to the first deviation threshold and less than or equal to the second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the current pressure distribution of the heat shrink molding conforms to the elbow characteristics.

[0025] Further, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than the theoretical expectation, and needs to increase the heat shrink molding temperature of the outer arc region or reduce the heat shrink molding temperature of the inner arc region;

[0026] The data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc region is higher than the expectation, and needs to reduce the heat shrink molding temperature of the outer arc region or increase the heat shrink molding temperature of the inner arc region.

[0027] Further, the data adjustment unit determines a heat shrink molding temperature regulation strategy according to the heat shrink characteristics of the heat shrink tube;

[0028] The data adjustment unit calculates the real-time thermal shrinkage rate of the outer arc region and the inner arc region, determines a thermal shrinkage rate ratio based on the real-time thermal shrinkage rate, and determines the thermal shrinkage rate ratio based on the real-time thermal shrinkage rate;

[0029] When the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than the theoretical expectation, if the thermal shrinkage rate ratio is less than or equal to a first standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rate of the outer arc region lags behind that of the inner arc region, that the pressure of the outer arc region is insufficient, and that there is a lag in the shrinkage process, and increases the thermal shrinkage forming temperature of the outer arc region.

[0030] When the actual pressure of the outer arc region is higher than the expectation, if the thermal shrinkage rate ratio is greater than or equal to a second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rate is faster than that of the inner arc region, that the outer arc region of the thermal shrinkage pipe has a risk of embrittlement, and increases the thermal shrinkage forming temperature of the inner arc region.

[0031] If the thermal shrinkage rate ratio is greater than the first standard ratio and less than the second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rates of the inner and outer arc regions are basically synchronized, that the thermal shrinkage characteristics of the thermal shrinkage pipe are uniform, and that the reason for the imbalance of the actual pressure of the outer arc region is the geometric asymmetry of the inner and outer arcs of the elbow.

[0032] Further, the data adjustment unit determines a thermal shrinkage forming temperature regulation strategy based on whether the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than or higher than the theoretical expectation.

[0033] When the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than the theoretical expectation, if the actual temperature of the outer arc region is less than the ratio of the basic thermal shrinkage forming temperature determined by preforming and a critical multiple, the data adjustment unit directly increases the actual temperature of the outer arc region.

[0034] If the actual temperature of the inner arc region is greater than the critical multiple of the basic thermal shrinkage forming temperature determined by preforming, the data adjustment unit indirectly improves the relatively insufficient outer arc region by reducing the actual temperature of the inner arc region.

[0035] When the actual pressure of the outer arc region is higher than the theoretical expectation, if the actual temperature of the outer arc region is greater than the critical multiple of the basic thermal shrinkage forming temperature determined by preforming, the data adjustment unit improves the pressure ratio of the inner arc by reducing the actual temperature of the outer arc region.

[0036] If the actual temperature of the inner arc region is less than the ratio of the basic thermal shrinkage forming temperature determined by preforming and a critical multiple, the data adjustment unit directly increases the actual temperature of the inner arc region.

[0037] If the adjusted thermal shrinkage forming temperature of the outer arc region or the thermal shrinkage forming temperature of the inner arc region is greater than or equal to the maximum thermal shrinkage forming temperature or less than or equal to the minimum thermal shrinkage forming temperature, the adjustment range of the thermal shrinkage forming temperature of the corresponding region is reduced, and the target air volume of the outer arc region heating air duct or the inner arc region heating air duct is increased to compensate for the adjustment range.

[0038] Further, the negative feedback adjustment module determines whether to adjust the basic thermal shrinkage forming time and the basic thermal shrinkage forming temperature.

[0039] If the average heat shrinkage forming duration of the region in the detection sample quantity period is less than the preset maximum heat shrinkage forming duration, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrinkage forming duration setting of the corresponding region is insufficient, and the basic heat shrinkage forming duration of the corresponding region is prolonged according to the average heat shrinkage forming duration of the corresponding region in the detection period.

[0040] If the average heat shrinkage forming duration of the region in the detection sample quantity period is greater than the preset maximum heat shrinkage forming duration, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrinkage forming temperature setting of the corresponding region is insufficient, and determines the basic heat shrinkage forming duration of the corresponding region according to the heat shrinkage forming temperature calculation of the adjustment region based on the average heat shrinkage forming duration of the corresponding region in the detection period.

[0041] Further, the negative feedback adjustment module calculates the pressure non-uniformity according to the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region and the inner arc region of the elbow;

[0042] If the pressure non-uniformity is greater than the critical non-uniformity threshold, and the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow is less than the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the shrinkage force of the outer arc region is insufficient, and increases the basic preset heat shrinkage forming duration corresponding to the outer arc region;

[0043] If the pressure non-uniformity is greater than the critical non-uniformity threshold, and the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow is greater than the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the heating temperature of the outer arc region or the inner arc region is insufficient, and increases the temperature adjustment coefficient corresponding to the outer arc region and the inner arc region;

[0044] If the pressure non-uniformity is less than or equal to the critical non-uniformity threshold, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the current heat shrinkage forming parameters are well adapted.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are that through the cooperative control of partition temperature control and pressure feedback, the precise regulation and control of the heat shrinkage elbow forming quality are realized.

[0046] Further, the present application constructs a multi-region independent temperature control system by partitioning the inner arc region, the outer arc region and the two side ends to set independent heating air ducts and temperature sensors, can implement differentiated heating strategies according to the heat capacity characteristics of different regions of the elbow, effectively solves the technical problems of overheat damage of the outer arc and incomplete shrinkage of the inner arc caused by the traditional uniform heating mode, and ensures the uniform shrinkage of the heat shrinkage tube on the complex curved surface structure.

[0047] Further, by setting a machine vision detection and analysis unit in the heating box and establishing a fitting quantification evaluation model, the system can monitor the fitting state of the heat-shrinkable material and the elbow surface in real time by analyzing the surface topography, dynamically calculate the supplementary heat-shrinking time based on the deviation value of the preset fitting degree and the actual fitting degree, form a closed-loop control of "image acquisition-fitting degree analysis-decision-execution", realize the transformation from experience judgment to data-driven in the forming process, and significantly improve the product consistency and qualification rate.

[0048] Further, the present application precisely correlates the geometric characteristics angle and curvature radius of the elbow with the process parameters of heat-shrinking forming by introducing a calculation model of inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio and reasonable target pressure ratio, calculates the deviation of the actual pressure ratio from the theoretical target value based on the real-time monitored radial pressure data, thereby intelligently diagnosing whether the current temperature parameters match the elbow characteristics, actively identifying the uneven heating problem caused by the geometric asymmetry of the inner-outer arc, and automatically adjusting the heating temperature of the inner-outer arc area to effectively compensate for the shrinkage stress difference caused by the stretching thinning of the outer arc and the material accumulation of the inner arc, ultimately ensuring that the heat-shrinkable tube can generate sufficient, uniform and non-overload radial shrinkage pressure under any elbow angle, fundamentally eliminating the quality risks of tight shrinkage on the outside and excessive aging on the inside, and significantly improving the consistency and long-term reliability of joint forming.

[0049] Further, in the case of insufficient pressure due to the geometric characteristics of the elbow, the present application determines whether the shrinkage process determined by the heat-shrinking parameters and the heat-shrinkable tube characteristics is abnormal, directly stimulates the shrinkage activity of the material in the outer arc area by increasing the temperature of the outer arc, so that the shrinkage rate of the outer arc can catch up with that of the inner arc, and corrects the imbalance from the process; and since different heat-shrinkable tubes have different shrinkage performance, the present application introduces a heat-shrinkage rate to reflect the actual shrinkage performance of the heat-shrinkable tube, determines whether the heat-shrinking forming parameters can match the actual shrinkage performance of the heat-shrinkable tube, checks whether the current heat-shrinking forming parameters can match the elbow characteristics and the heat-shrinkable tube characteristics, and accurately distinguishes whether the pressure imbalance is caused by the shrinkage process lag due to the difference in heat-shrinkable tube characteristics or purely caused by the geometric asymmetry of the elbow; accordingly, the data adjustment unit can intelligently select the optimal strategy to adjust the target temperature of the outer arc area heating air duct and the inner arc area heating air duct or other heat-shrinking forming parameters to balance the heat dissipation difference caused by stretching thinning and uneven shrinkage force, and prevent tight shrinkage on the outside or excessive aging on the inside; at the same time, the air volume compensation logic is introduced to ensure that the regulation is effective within the safe temperature range, realizing the double self-adaptation of the elbow characteristics and the heat-shrinkable tube shrinkage performance.

[0050] Further, by analyzing historical forming data to automatically optimize the basic heating parameters of each partition, the device can adapt to different specifications of elbows and changes in environmental working conditions, continuously improve process stability and production efficiency while ensuring forming quality, and provide reliable technical support for the large-scale intelligent manufacturing of heat-shrinking elbows.

[0051] Furthermore, this invention uses a negative feedback adjustment module to monitor the radial shrinkage pressure of the inner and outer arc zones of the elbow in real time and calculate the pressure non-uniformity, thereby achieving dynamic evaluation of the molding quality. When the pressure distribution non-uniformity exceeds the critical threshold, the system can accurately determine whether the fault mode is insufficient shrinkage force caused by the stretching of the outer arc material or uneven heating temperature, and then intelligently adjust the heat shrink molding time or temperature coefficient accordingly to effectively compensate for stress differences caused by the geometric shape. The closed-loop control mechanism ensures that the heat shrink tubing can form uniform and sufficient interface pressure at different elbow angles, significantly improving the joint sealing reliability and long-term insulation performance, while reducing the dependence on external process experience. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a front view of the forming device for the heat shrink elbow described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the heat shrink elbow forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the heat shrink molding strategy described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 A flowchart for the inspection of the machine vision inspection unit for heat shrink molding as described in the embodiments of the present invention is provided.

[0056] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of adjusting the heat shrink molding time and temperature as described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] In the diagram: 1-Temperature controller, 2-Heating box, 3-Outer arc zone heating duct, 4-Insulated base, 5-Cylinder, 6-Lower side heating duct, 7-Sliding base plate, 8-Base, 9-Linear slide rail, 10-Slider, 11-Elbow support frame, 12-Inner arc zone heating duct, 13-Heat shrink elbow mold, 14-Clamp, 15-Upper side heating duct, 16-Elbow fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0059] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms of direction or position relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the direction or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a front view structural diagram of the forming device of the heat-shrink elbow of the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a front view structural diagram of the forming device of the heat-shrink elbow of the embodiment of the present application.

[0063] The present application provides a forming device of a heat-shrink elbow, comprising:

[0064] A machine vision detection and analysis unit is provided with a plurality of industrial cameras and a protective structure, the industrial cameras are fixed inside the heating box, the field of view of which completely covers the elbow workpiece, for detecting the fit degree of the heat-shrink material in each area of the elbow, based on the analysis of the surface features, generating the partition fit degree corresponding to the inner arc area, the outer arc area and the two side ends, to determine the adjustment of the heat-shrink forming time and the heat-shrink forming temperature based on the deviation of the fit degree of each area from the preset area surface fit degree;

[0065] A temperature control assembly is provided with four temperature sensors and four heating air ducts at the same time, including an outer arc area heating air duct 3, an inner arc area heating air duct 12, a lower side end heating air duct 6 and an upper side end heating air duct 15, for heating the heat-shrink material in different areas of the elbow respectively;

[0066] A control module is connected with the forming assembly, the temperature control assembly and the data analysis unit, for determining the initial heat-shrink adjustment mode based on the fit degree data obtained by the machine vision detection and analysis unit, and dynamically controlling the heat-shrink forming time and the heat-shrink forming temperature of each area in the adjustment process, to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the basic heat-shrink time and the basic heat-shrink temperature;

[0067] a data analysis unit configured to determine a reasonable target pressure ratio based on the heat dissipation ratio of the inner and outer arcs of the elbow, determine an actual deviation based on a real-time pressure ratio, and determine whether the actual pressure of the outer arc region meets the elbow characteristics in response to the actual deviation;

[0068] a data adjustment unit configured to determine a heat shrinkage rate ratio based on the heat shrinkage characteristics of the heat shrink tube, determine the shrinkage degree of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on the heat shrinkage rate ratio, and determine a heat shrinkage forming temperature adjustment strategy and adjustment range of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on the actual deviation and the actual temperature;

[0069] a negative feedback adjustment module configured to determine whether to adjust a basic heat shrinkage forming time length and a basic heat shrinkage forming temperature based on the average heat shrinkage forming time length of each region in a detection sample quantity period, and adjust a pressure unevenness of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on a plurality of radial shrinkage pressures to adjust a basic preset heat shrinkage forming time length of the outer arc region or a temperature adjustment coefficient of the outer arc region and the inner arc region.

[0070] The present application can realize real-time sensing and compensation of heat capacity differences caused by the geometric shape of the elbow by setting the fit degree detection and independent temperature control module in different regions, and solve the quality defects such as incomplete shrinkage of the inner arc and over-melting of the outer arc caused by uneven heating in the traditional process. The integrated design greatly reduces the intensity of manual intervention while ensuring the forming quality, and provides a reliable technical foundation for efficient, stable and automatic production of heat shrink elbows.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 3 The present application is described as a flow chart of the heat shrinkage forming strategy, which includes:

[0072] The control module quantifies the fit degree of the heat shrinkage elbow in each region by collecting the machine vision detection unit.

[0073] Based on the fit degree of the heat shrinkage material and the elbow detected by the machine vision detection unit, the control module performs heat shrinkage forming analysis to determine whether to perform supplementary heat shrinkage. If supplementary heat shrinkage is needed, the required supplementary heat shrinkage forming time length is calculated according to the actual fit degree, the preset standard fit degree, the basic heat shrinkage forming time length and the heat shrinkage coefficient of each region.

[0074] According to the supplementary heat shrinkage forming time length, the heat shrinkage forming time length is supplemented. If the actual fit degree of the region still does not meet the standard, the control module repeatedly performs iterative supplementation and records the cumulative current heat shrinkage forming time length when the standard is met. The current heat shrinkage forming time length is compared with the preset maximum heat shrinkage forming time length. If the current time length exceeds the maximum time length, it is determined that the heat shrinkage forming temperature of the corresponding region needs to be adjusted upward.

[0075] According to a preset detection cycle, whether an actual fitting degree compliance rate within a preset basic heat shrink forming duration is greater than or equal to a preset compliance rate is counted, if the actual compliance rate is lower than the preset compliance rate, a control module adjusts a basic heat shrink forming duration or a basic heat shrink forming temperature of a corresponding region in a next cycle according to an average heat shrink forming duration of each region in the cycle;

[0076] The heat shrink forming duration and the heat shrink forming temperature of each region of the elbow are periodically determined, and the control module adjusts the heat shrink forming duration and the heat shrink forming temperature of the region to be adjusted according to the detection result of the machine vision detection unit.

[0077] Specifically, by constructing a closed-loop control system integrating real-time monitoring, dynamic compensation and periodic self-optimization, the quality consistency and process efficiency of heat shrink elbow forming are significantly improved. Specifically, the system can accurately quantify the fitting degree based on machine vision, can judge whether each region needs to be supplemented in real time, and can accurately calculate the supplement duration, effectively overcoming the inconsistency problem caused by material or environmental fluctuations; by intelligently comparing the total duration after supplementing with the preset maximum duration, the system can scientifically decide whether to increase the heat shrink temperature, thereby avoiding invalid long-time heating, fundamentally preventing energy waste and efficiency bottleneck; further, the system automatically calibrates and optimizes the basic heat shrink duration and temperature parameters periodically according to the compliance rate and average duration data in the statistical cycle, realizing the adaptive iteration of process parameters from empirical setting to data-driven.

[0078] The detection principle of the machine vision detection unit for heat shrink fitting degree is that when the heat shrink material is completely fitted with the surface of the elbow, a smooth and continuous curved surface is formed on its surface, and the structured light stripes projected onto its surface will appear as regular, uniform and continuous straight lines or curves; if there is an unfitted area, the structured light stripes will produce local distortion, fracture or brightness mutation due to surface wrinkles or gaps.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 4 which is a heat shrink forming machine vision detection unit detection flowchart of the embodiment of the present application.

[0080] Specifically, the fitting degree in the embodiment of the present application is determined by the machine vision detection unit through image processing algorithm to the collected light stripe image, the light stripe area meeting the continuity and uniformity standard is determined as the fitting degree qualified area, and the , is the area fitting degree, is the qualified area pixel area, is the total pixel area of the detection area, this quantitative method realizes the objective evaluation of the fitting degree by converting the optical characteristics into a calculable area ratio, and provides accurate numerical basis for subsequent process adjustment.

[0081] Specifically, the device converts the traditional subjective judgment relying on artificial experience into objective quantitative evaluation based on optical characteristics by projecting structured light of a specific wavelength to the heat-shrinkable surface and collecting image information. When the heat-shrinkable material is completely fitted, the light stripes formed on the surface thereof present continuous and uniform distribution; and the areas not fitted cause the light stripes to produce characteristic changes such as distortion and fracture due to surface wrinkles or gaps. The device accurately identifies these characteristic differences through an image processing algorithm, determines the light stripe areas meeting the continuity standard as qualified areas, and then calculates the ratio of the pixel area of the qualified areas to the total pixel area of the detection area, so as to obtain an accurate fitting quantitative index.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 5 which is a flow chart of adjusting the heat-shrink forming time length and the heat-shrink forming temperature according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0083] Specifically, the adjustment of the heat-shrink forming parameters in the embodiment of the present application is based on the heat-shrink surface images of each area of the elbow changing with time obtained by the machine vision detection unit, and then the fitting degree of each area of the elbow changing with time is determined. The preset basic heat-shrink forming time length and the maximum heat-shrink forming time length are used to judge the rationality of the current heat-shrink forming parameters, and the fitting degree of each area of the elbow is classified according to the change of the fitting degree, so as to determine the adjustment of the heat-shrink forming parameters, including the basic heat-shrink forming time length, the supplementary heat-shrink time length, the supplementary heat-shrink forming temperature, and the basic heat-shrink forming temperature.

[0084] The machine vision detection unit determines the fitting degree of each area of the elbow in real time, and the actual heat-shrink forming time length when the fitting degree of each area of the elbow reaches the preset fitting degree is obtained by the timer.

[0085] The basic heat-shrink forming temperature and the heat-shrink forming time length of the outer arc area, the inner arc area, the lower side end and the upper side end of the elbow are determined by pre-forming the heat-shrink elbow.

[0086] If the actual heat-shrink forming time length is less than the preset basic heat-shrink forming time length, the control module determines that the current heat-shrink forming time length is set with a surplus, records the current heat-shrink forming time length, and judges whether to shorten the basic heat-shrink forming time length according to the average heat-shrink forming time length of the number of subsequent detection samples in a period.

[0087] The case of the present embodiment assumes that for the outer arc area of the elbow, the control module presets the parameters as follows: the basic heat-shrink forming time length is 30 seconds, and the preset qualified fitting degree is 98%. During the present heat-shrink forming process, it is found by the machine vision detection unit that the actual fitting degree of the outer arc area has reached 99% at 25 seconds, and then the control module records the actual qualified time length of the outer arc area as 25 seconds.

[0088] If the current area adhesion degree of the elbow is greater than or equal to the preset adhesion degree within the preset basic heat shrink forming duration, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink forming duration is reasonable.

[0089] The preset parameters of the control module for the outer arc region of the elbow in this embodiment case are that the basic heat shrink forming duration is 30 seconds and the preset standard adhesion degree is 98%. During the heat shrink forming process, the machine vision detection unit finds that the actual adhesion degree of the outer arc region reaches 98% at 30 seconds, and the control module records the actual standard duration of the outer arc region as 30 seconds.

[0090] If the current area adhesion degree of the elbow is less than the preset adhesion degree within the preset basic heat shrink forming duration, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink forming duration is unreasonable, performs a supplementary heat shrink forming duration, and compares the current total heat shrink forming duration with the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration to determine whether to adjust the heat shrink forming temperature.

[0091] The preset parameters of the control module for the outer arc region of the elbow in this embodiment case are that the basic heat shrink forming duration is 30 seconds and the preset standard adhesion degree is 98%. During the heat shrink forming process, the machine vision detection unit finds that the actual adhesion degree of the outer arc region reaches 98% at 30 seconds, and the control module records the actual standard duration of the outer arc region as 30 seconds.

[0092] Specifically, the supplementary heat shrink forming duration is calculated as follows: , is the supplementary heat shrink forming duration of each region, is the heat shrink coefficient of each region of the elbow, which is determined by process test, is the preset standard adhesion degree of each region, is the actual adhesion degree of each region; is the basic preset heat shrink forming duration of each region. In the embodiment of the present application, the preset standard adhesion degree is 98%. If the adhesion degree of any region still does not reach the preset standard adhesion degree after the supplementary heat shrink forming duration, the corresponding region is subjected to multiple supplementary heat shrink forming durations until the adhesion degree reaches the standard, and the total heat shrink forming duration of the corresponding region is recorded , and the current total heat shrink forming duration is compared with the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration to determine whether to adjust the heat shrink forming temperature of the region.

[0093] When the total heat shrink forming duration is less than or equal to the maximum heat shrink forming duration , the control module directly performs a supplementary heat shrink forming duration.

[0094] The case of the present embodiment assumes that for the outer arc region of the elbow, the parameters preset by the control module are: basic heat shrink forming duration of 30 seconds, and preset standard adhesion of 98%. During the present heat shrink forming process, at 30 seconds, the actual adhesion of the outer arc region only reaches 80%, and it is determined that the preset basic heat shrink forming duration is not reasonable, and the supplementary heat shrink forming duration is determined according to the supplementary heat shrink forming duration calculation, and the heat shrink coefficient of the outer arc region of the elbow is 1.2, and the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration is 40 seconds. According to the supplementary heat shrink forming duration calculation result, the current supplementary heat shrink time of the outer arc region of the elbow is 6.5 seconds, and the present heat shrink forming duration is expected to be 36.5 seconds, which does not exceed the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration, and the control module directly performs the supplementary heat shrink forming duration.

[0095] When the total heat shrink forming duration is greater than the maximum heat shrink forming duration , the control module adjusts the heat shrink forming temperature and re-determines the heat shrink forming duration;

[0096] The case of the present embodiment assumes that for the outer arc region of the elbow, the parameters preset by the control module are: basic heat shrink forming duration of 30 seconds, and preset standard adhesion of 98%. During the present heat shrink forming process, at 30 seconds, the actual adhesion of the outer arc region only reaches 60%, and it is determined that the preset basic heat shrink forming duration is not reasonable, and the supplementary heat shrink forming duration is determined according to the supplementary heat shrink forming duration calculation, and the heat shrink coefficient of the outer arc region of the elbow is 1.2, and the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration is 40 seconds. According to the supplementary heat shrink forming duration calculation result, the current supplementary heat shrink time of the outer arc region of the elbow is 13.7 seconds, and the present heat shrink forming duration is expected to be 43.7 seconds, which exceeds the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration, and the control module adjusts the heat shrink forming temperature first, and then re-determines the forming duration.

[0097] The present application compares the final duration after supplementary heat shrink with the preset maximum duration, which provides a key decision node for process optimization. If the required duration of a certain region has exceeded the set maximum heat shrink duration, and the adhesion has only reached the standard, the system can intelligently judge that the current temperature setting is not suitable, and the heat shrink temperature needs to be improved to avoid efficiency bottleneck and ensure quality stability. Not only does it effectively prevent repeated heat shrink and energy waste due to insufficient temperature, but it also drives the process parameters to adaptively iterate, fundamentally improving production efficiency and process maturity.

[0098] Specifically, the heat shrink forming temperature of the adjustment region is adjusted if the control module calculates the heat shrink forming duration of any region of the elbow is greater than the preset maximum heat shrink forming duration , it is determined that the heat shrink forming temperature of the corresponding elbow region is insufficient, and the heat shrink forming temperature needs to be adjusted upwards, and the heat shrink forming temperature is adjusted by setting , wherein T is the temperature adjustment step, C is the temperature adjustment coefficient, and the value range of C is [1, 2], and the value in the embodiment is 1.5, wherein T is the temperature adjustment step, C is the temperature adjustment coefficient, and the value range of C is [1, 2], and the value in the embodiment is 1.5,

[0099] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the adjustment of the heat shrinkage molding temperature of each region is based on the following formula: wherein T is the temperature adjustment step, C is the temperature adjustment coefficient, and the value range of C is [1, 2], and the value in the embodiment is 1.5,

[0100] In the case of the embodiment, the control module presets the following parameters for the outer arc region of the elbow: the basic heat shrinkage molding time is 30 seconds, the preset target bonding degree is 98%, and the basic heat shrinkage molding temperature is 100°C. During the heat shrinkage molding process, the actual bonding degree of the outer arc region is only 60% at 30 seconds, so it is determined that the preset basic heat shrinkage molding time is not reasonable, and the supplementary heat shrinkage molding time is calculated according to the formula, wherein the heat shrinkage coefficient of the outer arc region of the elbow is 1.2, and the preset maximum heat shrinkage molding time is 40 seconds. According to the calculation result of the supplementary heat shrinkage molding time, the supplementary heat shrinkage time of the current outer arc region of the elbow is 13.7 seconds, so the heat shrinkage molding time is expected to be 43.7 seconds, which exceeds the preset maximum heat shrinkage molding time, and the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the region is adjusted by 10.3°C according to the formula, and the supplementary heat shrinkage molding time is calculated to be 8.8 seconds according to the calculation of the supplementary heat shrinkage molding time after adjusting the heat shrinkage molding temperature, so the total heat shrinkage molding time is 38.8 seconds.

[0101] The coordinated control scheme of heat shrinkage molding temperature and time described in the embodiment of the present application has produced significant beneficial effects in the heat shrinkage elbow molding process through the establishment of an intelligent adjustment mechanism with multiple parameters linked. Specifically, the system first calculates the supplementary heat shrinkage molding time based on the bonding degree deviation, and when the preset bonding degree standard cannot be reached after multiple supplements, the temperature adjustment mechanism is intelligently started by comparing the actual heat shrinkage time with the preset maximum time. The mechanism uses a temperature increase formula, in which the settings of the temperature adjustment coefficient and the temperature step ensure the effectiveness of temperature adjustment and avoid drastic fluctuations in parameters. Furthermore, a temperature adaptive supplementary time calculation formula is introduced, in which the introduction of the temperature-time influence factor reflects the acceleration effect of temperature increase on the heat shrinkage process. After adjusting the temperature parameters, the control module can simultaneously optimize the supplementary heating time, forming a coordinated optimization of temperature and time parameters, and effectively avoiding the problem of excessive heating or energy waste caused by single parameter adjustment.​

[0102] The elbow characteristics include an elbow angle (°) and a cable diameter (mm), and the elbow angle mainly affects the uniformity of heating, and the greater the angle, the greater the difference in shrinkage stress between the inside and the outside.

[0103] In the implementation, it is necessary to analyze whether the current determined heat shrinkage molding time and heat shrinkage molding temperature can adapt to the current elbow characteristics. The radial shrinkage pressure of the elbow at several points is detected by the pressure sensor when the heat shrinkage tube shrinks, and whether the current heat shrinkage molding time and heat shrinkage molding temperature make the heat shrinkage tube generate sufficient and uniform radial shrinkage pressure under the current elbow angle is analyzed through the several radial pressures.

[0104] The data analysis unit obtains the actual elbow angle and the actual cable diameter of the elbow, and the outer arc curvature radius of the elbow and the inner arc curvature radius of the elbow and the heat shrinkage tube wall thickness based on the pre-determined basic heat shrinkage molding time and heat shrinkage molding temperature.

[0105] The data analysis unit calculates the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio, and the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio = (elbow outer arc curvature radius + heat shrinkage tube wall thickness / 2) / (elbow inner arc curvature radius - heat shrinkage tube wall thickness / 2).

[0106] It can be understood that the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio is used to quantify the geometric asymmetry of the inner-outer arc of the elbow.

[0107] The data analysis unit calculates a reasonable target pressure ratio according to the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio, and the reasonable target pressure ratio = 1 / inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio. 标定指数 In the implementation, the value range of the calibration index is 0.5-1.

[0108] The data analysis unit calculates a real-time pressure ratio, and the real-time pressure ratio = elbow outer arc area average shrinkage pressure / elbow inner arc area average shrinkage pressure, and an actual deviation = real-time pressure ratio - reasonable target pressure ratio.

[0109] If the actual deviation is less than a first deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc area is lower than the theoretical expectation, exceeds the reasonable range of the elbow characteristics, and the heating of the outer arc area of the elbow is insufficient.

[0110] Specifically, the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the outer arc area needs to be increased, or the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the inner arc area needs to be reduced.

[0111] If the actual deviation is greater than a second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure of the outer arc area is higher than the expectation, and the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the outer arc area needs to be reduced, or the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the inner arc area needs to be increased.

[0112] If the actual deviation is greater than or equal to the first deviation threshold and less than or equal to the second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the current pressure distribution of the heat shrinkage molding conforms to the elbow characteristics.

[0113] In an implementation, the critical unevenness threshold is 15%, the first deviation threshold is -0.1, and the second deviation threshold is 0.1.

[0114] Specifically, the heat-shrinkable tube is a continuous and closed ring at the elbow, and the material in the inner arc area also shrinks sharply when heated, which exerts a huge compressive stress on the cable and the joint body on the inner arc side. If the inner arc pressure is too high, not only the inner arc itself may be excessively aged, but also the stress may be transmitted to the outside through the tube material, which objectively inhibits the further shrinkage of the material in the outer arc area. The application accurately correlates the geometric characteristics angle and the curvature radius of the elbow with the process parameters of heat-shrink forming by introducing a calculation model of the inner-outer arc heat dissipation ratio and the reasonable target pressure ratio. Based on the real-time monitoring of the radial pressure data, the deviation of the actual pressure ratio from the theoretical target value is calculated to intelligently diagnose whether the current temperature parameters match the characteristics of the elbow, actively identify the uneven heating problem caused by the geometric asymmetry of the inner-outer arc, and automatically adjust the heating temperature of the inner-outer arc area to effectively compensate for the shrinkage stress difference caused by the stretching and thinning of the outer arc and the material accumulation in the inner arc. Ultimately, it ensures that the heat-shrinkable tube can generate sufficient, uniform and non-overload radial shrinkage pressure under any elbow angle, fundamentally eliminates the quality risks of loose shrinkage on the outside and excessive aging on the inside, and significantly improves the consistency and long-term reliability of joint forming.

[0115] Specifically, the data adjustment unit determines a heat-shrink forming temperature regulation strategy according to the heat-shrink characteristics of the heat-shrinkable tube.

[0116] The data adjustment unit calculates real-time heat-shrink rates of the outer arc area and the inner arc area, and the real-time heat-shrink rate is the ratio of the heat-shrink change amount of the radial shrinkage pressure in a unit time to the unit time.

[0117] The data adjustment unit determines a heat-shrink rate ratio based on the real-time heat-shrink rates, and the heat-shrink rate ratio is the ratio of the real-time heat-shrink rate of the outer arc area to the real-time heat-shrink rate of the inner arc area.

[0118] When the actual pressure of the outer arc area is lower than the theoretical expectation, if the heat-shrink rate ratio is less than or equal to a first standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rate of the outer arc area lags behind that of the inner arc area, the pressure of the outer arc area is insufficient, and there is a lag in the shrinkage process. The heat-shrink forming temperature of the outer arc area is increased.

[0119] Specifically, the adjustment range of increasing the heat-shrink forming temperature of the outer arc area is determined according to the ratio of the actual deviation to the corresponding deviation threshold and the ratio of the heat-shrink rate ratio to the first standard ratio.

[0120] When the actual pressure of the outer arc area is higher than the expectation, if the heat-shrink rate ratio is greater than or equal to a second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rate is faster than that of the inner arc area, and the heat-shrinkable tube in the outer arc area has a risk of embrittlement. The heat-shrink forming temperature of the inner arc area is increased.

[0121] Specifically, the adjustment range of the hot shrinking forming temperature of the inner arc region is determined according to the ratio of the actual deviation to the corresponding deviation threshold and the ratio of the hot shrinking rate ratio to the second standard ratio;

[0122] If the hot shrinking rate ratio is greater than the first standard ratio and less than the second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinking rates of the inner arc region and the outer arc region are basically synchronized, the hot shrinking characteristics of the hot shrinking pipe are uniform, and the reason for the actual pressure imbalance of the outer arc region is the geometric asymmetry of the inner arc and the outer arc of the elbow;

[0123] Specifically, the data adjustment unit determines the hot shrinking forming temperature regulation strategy according to the actual temperature of the outer arc region and the actual temperature of the inner arc region;

[0124] If the actual pressure of the outer arc region is lower than the theoretical expectation, the data adjustment unit determines the hot shrinking forming temperature regulation strategy;

[0125] If the actual temperature of the outer arc region is less than the ratio of the hot shrinking forming temperature determined by the preforming basis to the critical multiple, the data adjustment unit directly increases the actual temperature of the outer arc region;

[0126] If the actual temperature of the inner arc region is greater than the critical multiple of the hot shrinking forming temperature determined by the preforming basis, the data adjustment unit indirectly increases the shrinking pressure of the outer arc region with insufficient relative pressure by reducing the actual temperature of the inner arc region.

[0127] If the actual pressure of the outer arc region is higher than the theoretical expectation, the data adjustment unit determines the hot shrinking forming temperature regulation strategy;

[0128] If the actual temperature of the outer arc region is greater than the critical multiple of the hot shrinking forming temperature determined by the preforming basis, the data adjustment unit increases the pressure ratio of the inner arc region by reducing the actual temperature of the outer arc region;

[0129] If the actual temperature of the inner arc region is less than the ratio of the hot shrinking forming temperature determined by the preforming basis to the critical multiple, the data adjustment unit directly increases the actual temperature of the inner arc region.

[0130] The first standard ratio is 0.8, the second standard ratio is 1.2, and the critical multiple is 1.3.

[0131] In the implementation, each unit transmits signals to the control module to control the hot shrinking forming time and the hot shrinking forming temperature of the outer arc region and the inner arc region by adjusting the target temperature of the outer arc region heating air duct and the inner arc region heating air duct.

[0132] If the adjusted hot shrinking forming temperature of the outer arc region or the inner arc region is greater than or equal to the maximum hot shrinking forming temperature or less than or equal to the minimum hot shrinking forming temperature, the adjustment range of the hot shrinking forming temperature of the corresponding region is reduced, and the adjustment range is compensated by increasing the target air volume of the outer arc region heating air duct or the inner arc region heating air duct.

[0133] Specifically, in the case of insufficient pressure due to the geometric characteristics of the elbow, the present application determines whether there is an abnormality in the shrinkage process determined by the heat shrinkage parameter and the heat shrinkage tube characteristic, directly stimulates the shrinkage activity of the outer arc region material by increasing the outer arc temperature, so that the shrinkage rate of the outer arc region material can catch up with the inner arc, and the imbalance is corrected in the process. Due to the different shrinkage performance of different heat shrinkage tubes, the present application introduces the heat shrinkage rate to reflect the actual shrinkage performance of the heat shrinkage tube, determines whether the heat shrinkage forming parameter can match the actual shrinkage performance of the heat shrinkage tube, checks whether the current heat shrinkage forming parameter can match the elbow characteristics and the heat shrinkage tube characteristics, and accurately distinguishes whether the imbalance of pressure is caused by the shrinkage process lag caused by the difference in heat shrinkage tube characteristics or caused by the geometric asymmetry of the elbow. The data adjustment unit can intelligently select the optimal strategy to adjust the target temperature of the outer arc region heating air duct and the inner arc region heating air duct or other heat shrinkage forming parameters to balance the heat dissipation difference caused by stretching and thinning and the uneven shrinkage force, prevent the outer side from shrinking too tightly or the inner side from overaging. At the same time, the air volume compensation logic is introduced to ensure that the regulation is effective within the safe temperature range, and the double self-adaptation of the elbow characteristics and the heat shrinkage tube shrinkage performance is realized.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, the negative feedback adjustment module adjusts the basic heat shrinkage forming time length and the basic heat shrinkage forming temperature based on the adjusted heat shrinkage forming time length, and according to the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the elbow in a preset detection sample number period. The present application embodiment sets the detection sample number period to 50, but the above-mentioned value is not limited thereto, and the person skilled in the art can also adjust the value according to the actual needs.

[0135] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the adjustment of the basic heat shrinkage forming time length and the adjustment of the basic heat shrinkage forming temperature are based on the comparison between the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the elbow region in the detection sample number period and the preset maximum heat shrinkage time length, to determine whether to adjust the basic heat shrinkage forming temperature. The comparison results are classified as follows:

[0136] If the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the region in the detection sample number period is less than the preset maximum heat shrinkage forming time length, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrinkage forming time length of the corresponding region is insufficient, and the basic heat shrinkage forming time length of the corresponding region is prolonged according to the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the corresponding region in the detection period.

[0137] In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the detection sample number period is 50, the preset maximum heat shrinkage forming time length is 40 seconds, the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the outer arc region of the elbow in the present detection sample number period is 35 seconds, and the average heat shrinkage forming time length of the inner arc region is 28 seconds. Satisfy the first type of heat shrinkage forming time length comparison result, then change the basic heat shrinkage forming time length of the outer arc region of the elbow to 35 seconds, and change the basic heat shrinkage forming time length of the inner arc region to 28 seconds.

[0138] If the average heat shrinkage molding duration of the region in the sample quantity period is greater than the preset maximum heat shrinkage molding duration, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrinkage molding temperature setting of the corresponding region is insufficient, and determines the basic heat shrinkage molding duration of the corresponding region based on the average heat shrinkage molding duration of the corresponding region in the detection period and the heat shrinkage molding temperature adjustment region calculation.

[0139] In the embodiment, it is assumed that the detection sample quantity period is 50, the preset maximum heat shrinkage molding duration is 40 seconds, the average heat shrinkage molding duration of the outer arc region of the elbow in the sample quantity period is 42 seconds, the basic heat shrinkage molding temperature is 100°C, the basic heat shrinkage molding duration is 30 seconds, the average heat shrinkage molding duration of the inner arc region is 28 seconds, the basic heat shrinkage molding temperature is 100°C, and the basic heat shrinkage molding duration is 30 seconds. The outer arc region of the elbow satisfies the second type of heat shrinkage molding duration ratio comparison result, and the heat shrinkage molding temperature adjustment region is 109°C, so that the basic heat shrinkage molding duration is 38.8 seconds.

[0140] The parameter self-optimization method based on statistical process control described in the embodiment has produced significant beneficial effects in the long-term stability guarantee of heat shrinkage molding process through the establishment of a complete production data acquisition and analysis system. Specifically, the method realizes periodic evaluation and optimization of basic process parameters by setting a sample quantity period and a preset compliance rate threshold. When the system detects that the actual fitment compliance rate is lower than the preset standard, a hierarchical decision mechanism is automatically triggered: for the case where the average heat shrinkage duration is less than the maximum allowed value, the basic heat shrinkage duration is accurately identified as being insufficiently set, and the basic duration is scientifically extended based on the measured data; for the case where the average duration exceeds the maximum allowed value, the heat shrinkage temperature is accurately determined to be insufficient, and the basic temperature and basic duration parameters are simultaneously optimized. This hierarchical decision mechanism embodies significant intelligent advantages: first, it can accurately distinguish between different types of process deviation sources and take targeted corrective measures, avoiding the limitations of traditional single adjustment strategies; second, by establishing a temperature and time collaborative optimization model, it ensures the systematic optimal configuration of process parameters; third, based on statistical analysis of a large amount of production data, the parameter adjustment meets the current working condition requirements while taking into account long-term process stability.

[0141] The negative feedback adjustment module detects the radial shrinkage pressure of the elbow on several points when the heat shrink tube is contracted through the pressure sensor, and calculates the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region and the inner arc region of the elbow;

[0142] The negative feedback adjustment module calculates the pressure non-uniformity based on the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region and the inner arc region of the elbow, and the pressure non-uniformity = | average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow - average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow | / maximum value of average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow and average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow;

[0143] If the pressure unevenness is greater than the critical unevenness threshold value, and the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow is less than the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the outer arc region is stretched and thinned due to material, and the shrinkage force is insufficient, and the material of the inner arc region is accumulated, and the pressure is too high;

[0144] If the pressure unevenness is greater than the critical unevenness threshold value, and the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow is greater than the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the heating temperature of the outer arc region or the inner arc region is insufficient;

[0145] If the pressure unevenness is less than or equal to the critical unevenness threshold value, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the current heat shrink forming parameters are well adapted;

[0146] Specifically, if the shrinkage force of the outer arc region is insufficient, the negative feedback adjustment module increases the basic preset heat shrink forming time length corresponding to the outer arc region according to the ratio of the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc region of the elbow to the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc region of the elbow;

[0147] If the heating temperature of the outer arc region or the inner arc region is insufficient, the negative feedback adjustment module increases the temperature adjustment coefficient corresponding to the outer arc region and the inner arc region according to the ratio of the pressure unevenness to the critical unevenness threshold value.

[0148] In implementation, the critical unevenness threshold value has a value range of 10%-20%, and in implementation, is 15%.

[0149] Specifically, the negative feedback adjustment aims to optimize the parameters of shrink forming; the present application realizes dynamic evaluation of forming quality by monitoring the radial shrinkage pressure of the inner and outer arc regions of the elbow in real time through the negative feedback adjustment module and calculating the pressure unevenness; when the pressure distribution is uneven beyond the critical threshold value, the system can accurately determine whether the fault mode is insufficient shrinkage force caused by material stretching of the outer arc region or uneven heating temperature, and then intelligently adjust the heat shrink forming time or the temperature coefficient accordingly, effectively compensating for the stress difference caused by the geometric shape; The closed-loop control mechanism ensures that the heat shrink tube can form uniform and sufficient interface pressure under different elbow angles, significantly improving the sealing reliability and long-term insulation performance of the joint, while reducing the dependence on external process experience.

[0150] In the present embodiment, the base 8 is arranged at the bottom of the forming device for bearing the weight of each component, and the elbow fixing plate 16 moves under the support of the elbow support frame 11 through the sliding bottom plate 7, the slider 10 arranged at the bottom of the sliding bottom plate 7, and the linear slide rail 9;

[0151] The temperature controller 1 of the forming device is arranged at the top of the heating box 2 for controlling the target temperature of the outer arc region heating air duct 3, the inner arc region heating air duct 12, the lower side end heating air duct 6, and the upper side end heating air duct 15 inside the heating box;

[0152] The heat shrink elbow mold 13 is used in cooperation with the clamp 14, and the heat shrink component directly contacts to uniformly conduct heat to the heat shrink tube;

[0153] The heat insulation base 4 is arranged at the bottom of the heating box 2, and is used for insulating the air cylinder 5 providing air flow to the heating air duct from the temperature influence of the heating box.

[0154] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features without departing from the principles of the present application, and the technical solutions after the changes or replacements will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0155] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application; for those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A forming device for heat-shrink elbows, characterized in that, include, The machine vision inspection unit is used to determine the degree of adhesion of the heat-shrinkable material to the inner arc area, outer arc area and both ends based on the surface features of the elbow surface, and to determine the heat-shrinkable molding time and heat-shrinkable molding temperature of each area based on the deviation between the degree of adhesion of each area and the surface adhesion of the preset area. The temperature control component is equipped with several heating air ducts for heating the heat-shrinkable material in different areas of the elbow. The data analysis unit quantifies the elbow characteristics of the inner and outer arcs based on the heat dissipation ratio of the inner and outer arcs to determine a reasonable target pressure ratio, and combines the real-time pressure ratio to determine the actual deviation, so as to determine whether the actual pressure in the outer arc area conforms to the elbow characteristics in response to the actual deviation. The data analysis unit determines the heat dissipation ratio of the inner and outer arcs based on the outer arc curvature radius and the inner arc curvature radius of the elbow and the wall thickness of the heat shrink tubing, and calculates a reasonable target pressure ratio based on the heat dissipation ratio of the inner and outer arcs. The data analysis unit calculates the real-time pressure ratio based on the average contraction pressure in the outer arc zone of the head and the average contraction pressure in the inner arc zone of the elbow to determine the actual deviation. If the actual deviation is less than the first deviation threshold, the data analysis unit judges that the actual pressure in the outer arc area is lower than the theoretical expectation, which exceeds the reasonable range of the elbow characteristics, and the heating of the outer arc area of ​​the elbow is insufficient. If the actual deviation is greater than the second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the actual pressure in the outer arc region is higher than expected. If the actual deviation is greater than or equal to the first deviation threshold and less than or equal to the second deviation threshold, the data analysis unit determines that the current pressure distribution of the heat shrink molding conforms to the elbow characteristics. The data adjustment unit is used to determine the heat shrinkage rate ratio based on the heat shrinkage characteristics of the heat shrinkage material, determine the shrinkage degree of the outer arc zone and the inner arc zone based on the heat shrinkage rate ratio, and determine the heat shrinkage molding temperature adjustment strategy and adjustment range of the outer arc zone and the inner arc zone in combination with the actual deviation and the actual temperature. The data adjustment unit determines the heat shrinking molding temperature control strategy based on the heat shrinking characteristics of the heat shrink tubing. The data adjustment unit calculates the real-time heat shrinkage rate of the outer arc region and the inner arc region, and determines the heat shrinkage rate ratio based on the real-time heat shrinkage rate. When the actual pressure in the outer arc zone is lower than the theoretical expectation, if the heat shrinkage rate ratio is less than or equal to the first standard ratio, the data adjustment unit judges that the shrinkage rate of the outer arc zone lags behind that of the inner arc zone, the pressure in the outer arc zone is insufficient and the shrinkage process is delayed, and increases the heat shrinkage molding temperature of the outer arc zone. If the actual pressure in the outer arc zone is higher than expected, and the heat shrinkage rate ratio is greater than or equal to the second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit judges that the shrinkage rate is faster than that in the inner arc zone, and the heat shrink tube in the outer arc zone is at risk of embrittlement, so the heat shrink molding temperature in the inner arc zone is increased. If the heat shrink rate ratio is greater than the first standard ratio and less than the second standard ratio, the data adjustment unit determines that the shrinkage rates of the inner and outer arc zones are synchronized, the heat shrink characteristics of the heat shrink tube are uniform, and the reason for the actual pressure imbalance in the outer arc zone is the geometric asymmetry of the inner and outer arcs of the elbow. The data adjustment unit determines the heat shrink molding temperature control strategy based on whether the actual pressure in the outer arc zone is lower or higher than the theoretical expectation. If the actual pressure in the outer arc zone is lower than the theoretical expectation, and the actual temperature in the outer arc zone is less than the ratio of the heat shrink molding temperature of the preform to the critical ratio, then the data adjustment unit increases the actual temperature in the outer arc zone. If the actual temperature of the inner arc zone is greater than the critical multiple of the heat shrink molding temperature of the pre-formed base, the data adjustment unit indirectly increases the shrinkage degree of the outer arc zone by reducing the actual temperature of the inner arc zone. The actual pressure in the outer arc zone is higher than the theoretical expectation. If the actual temperature in the outer arc zone is greater than the critical multiple of the heat shrink molding temperature determined by the pre-forming, the data adjustment unit increases the pressure ratio in the inner arc zone by reducing the actual temperature in the outer arc zone. If the actual temperature of the inner arc zone is less than the ratio of the heat shrink molding temperature of the preform to the critical ratio, the data adjustment unit increases the actual temperature of the inner arc zone. If the adjusted outer arc zone heat shrink molding temperature or inner arc zone heat shrink molding temperature is greater than or equal to the maximum heat shrink molding temperature or less than or equal to the minimum heat shrink molding temperature, then the adjustment range of the corresponding zone heat shrink molding temperature is reduced and the adjustment range is compensated by increasing the target air volume of the outer arc zone heating air duct or inner arc zone heating air duct. The control module is used to determine the supplementary heat shrink molding time based on the fit of each area, and to determine whether to adjust the heat shrink molding temperature of the corresponding area in combination with the basic heat shrink molding time, and to control the heat shrink molding time, actual temperature and target air volume of the heating air duct of each area. The negative feedback adjustment module determines whether to adjust the basic heat shrink molding time and the basic heat shrink molding temperature based on the average heat shrink molding time of each region within the detection sample period. It also determines the pressure non-uniformity of the outer arc region and the inner arc region based on several radial shrinkage pressures to adjust the basic preset heat shrink molding time corresponding to the outer arc region or the temperature adjustment coefficient corresponding to the outer arc region and the inner arc region.

2. The forming device for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine vision detection unit determines the fit of each area of ​​the elbow in real time and obtains the actual heat shrink molding time for each area of ​​the elbow to reach the preset fit. If the actual heat shrink molding time is less than the preset basic heat shrink molding time, the control module determines that the current heat shrink molding time setting is excessive, and determines whether to shorten the basic heat shrink molding time based on the average heat shrink molding time of the subsequent test sample number cycle.

3. The forming apparatus for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the fit of the current area of ​​the elbow is greater than or equal to the preset fit within the preset basic heat shrink molding time, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink molding time setting is reasonable. If the fit of the elbow in the current area is less than the preset fit within the preset basic heat shrink molding time, the control module determines that the current preset basic heat shrink molding time setting is unreasonable and determines to supplement the heat shrink molding time.

4. The forming apparatus for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module determines whether to adjust the heat shrink molding temperature by comparing it with the preset maximum heat shrink molding time. When the total heat shrink molding time is less than or equal to the maximum heat shrink molding time, the control module directly adds heat shrink molding time. When the total heat shrink molding time exceeds the maximum heat shrink molding time, the control module adjusts the heat shrink molding temperature and redetermines the heat shrink molding time.

5. The forming apparatus for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data analysis unit determined that the actual pressure in the outer arc region was lower than the theoretical expectation, and it was necessary to increase the heat shrink molding temperature in the outer arc region or decrease the heat shrink molding temperature in the inner arc region. The data analysis unit determined that the actual pressure in the outer arc region was higher than expected, requiring a reduction in the heat shrink molding temperature of the outer arc region or an increase in the heat shrink molding temperature of the inner arc region.

6. The forming apparatus for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative feedback adjustment module determines whether to adjust the basic heat shrink molding time and the basic heat shrink molding temperature. If the average heat shrink molding time of the region within the detection sample quantity period is less than the preset maximum heat shrink molding time, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrink molding time setting of the corresponding region is insufficient, and extends the basic heat shrink molding time of the corresponding region according to the average heat shrink molding time of the corresponding region within the detection period. If the average heat shrink molding time of the region within the detection sample quantity period is greater than the preset maximum heat shrink molding time, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the basic heat shrink molding temperature setting of the corresponding region is insufficient. Based on the average heat shrink molding time of the corresponding region within the detection period, the module calculates and determines the amount of heat shrink molding temperature to be increased according to the heat shrink molding temperature of the adjustment region, and uses this to determine the basic heat shrink molding time of the corresponding region.

7. The forming apparatus for heat-shrink elbows according to claim 6, characterized in that, The negative feedback adjustment module calculates the pressure unevenness based on the average contraction pressure in the outer and inner arc areas of the elbow. If the pressure non-uniformity is greater than the critical non-uniformity threshold, and the average shrinkage pressure of the outer arc area of ​​the elbow is less than the average shrinkage pressure of the inner arc area of ​​the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module judges that the shrinkage force of the outer arc area is insufficient and increases the basic preset heat shrink molding time corresponding to the outer arc area. If the pressure non-uniformity is greater than the critical non-uniformity threshold, and the average contraction pressure in the outer arc area of ​​the elbow is greater than the average contraction pressure in the inner arc area of ​​the elbow, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the heating temperature in the outer arc area or the inner arc area is insufficient, and increases the temperature adjustment coefficient corresponding to the outer arc area and the inner arc area. If the pressure non-uniformity is less than or equal to the critical non-uniformity threshold, the negative feedback adjustment module determines that the current heat shrink molding parameters are well adapted.

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