Rail milling and grinding waste chip recovery device and rail milling and grinding vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of track maintenance equipment, and particularly discloses a track milling and grinding waste chip recovery device which comprises a shell with an opening in the bottom wall, a grinding wheel milling and grinding machine, a chip suction air duct and a side suction chip collection assembly. The grinding wheel milling and grinding machine comprises a milling and grinding grinding wheel and a milling and grinding motor, the milling and grinding motor is arranged on the shell, and the milling and grinding grinding wheel is arranged in the shell and is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the milling and grinding motor; a chip inlet and an air suction opening are formed in the two ends of the chip suction air channel respectively, the chip inlet is located in the shell and located behind the milling and grinding wheel, and the air suction opening is communicated with external equipment used for generating negative pressure; and side suction chip collecting assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the milling grinding wheel correspondingly, each side suction chip collecting assembly comprises a magnetic suction part arranged on the inner wall of the shell through a fixing frame and a chip receiving hopper, and the chip receiving hopper is arranged below the magnetic suction part and communicates with the chip suction air channel through a chip suction pipe. The scrap collecting device has the beneficial effects that scraps splashing towards the side face can be effectively collected, and therefore the scrap collecting integrity and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track maintenance equipment technology, and in particular to a track milling waste chip recycling device and a track milling vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] During use, steel rails suffer various types of damage due to the long-term pressure and friction from train operation, such as wavy wear and surface scratches. This damage severely impacts railway operating efficiency and safety, necessitating regular rail maintenance. Rail maintenance involves using a rail milling machine to mill and grind the rail surface, restoring it to a smooth and even finish to ensure stable and safe train operation.

[0003] However, during the milling and grinding of rails by rail milling machines, a large amount of iron filings are generated. While existing rail milling machines can collect these filings to some extent by storing them in an internal filings box, they have significant technical shortcomings. Specifically, during the milling operation, the filings fly to the sides. Because the milling wheel needs to make full contact with the rail during actual milling, the outer side of the milling wheel cannot be designed as a sealed structure. This makes it difficult for existing technologies to effectively collect the side-flying filings.

[0004] Currently, some existing technologies use an inverted U-shaped chip inlet, causing the track groove to encircle the rail. This method is effective in collecting chips falling from both sides of the rail, significantly improving collection efficiency compared to inlets closer to the rail surface. However, this method still has shortcomings. It does not completely collect chips that splash to the sides, leaving a large amount of chips scattered around the track. This not only affects the working environment but may also interfere with subsequent track maintenance work, resulting in a waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a track milling waste chip recycling device and track milling car, which has the advantage of effectively collecting waste chips splashed from the side, thereby improving the integrity and efficiency of waste chip collection.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In one aspect, the present invention provides a track milling waste chip recycling device, comprising: A housing, wherein the bottom wall of the housing has an opening; A grinding wheel milling machine includes a grinding wheel and a grinding motor. The grinding motor is mounted on the housing, and the grinding wheel is mounted inside the housing and is connected to the drive shaft of the grinding motor. The grinding wheel is used to mill a track under the drive of the grinding motor. The chip suction duct has a chip inlet and an exhaust outlet at its two ends. The chip inlet is located inside the housing and behind the grinding wheel milling machine. The exhaust outlet is connected to an external device for generating negative pressure. The chip suction duct is used to receive and collect the waste chips generated when the grinding wheel milling machine mills the track. A side-suction chip collection assembly is provided on both sides of the milling grinding wheel. The side-suction chip collection assembly is connected to the housing. The side-suction chip collection assembly includes a fixing frame, a chip hopper, and a magnetic suction component. The magnetic suction component is set on the inner wall of the housing through the fixing frame. The chip hopper is set below the magnetic suction component and is connected to the chip suction air duct through a chip suction pipe. The magnetic suction component is used to attract waste chips flying towards the side of the milling grinding wheel.

[0007] Compared to existing technologies, this application, through the installation of a chip suction duct and a side-suction chip collection assembly, can comprehensively collect milling waste chips. The chip suction duct utilizes the characteristic that the chip inlet is located behind the grinding wheel milling machine and is connected to an external negative pressure device to effectively collect the waste chips generated during milling. At the same time, side-suction chip collection assemblies are installed on both sides of the milling wheel, and the magnetic suction component is firmly installed on the inner wall of the housing with the help of a fixing frame to adsorb the waste chips on the side. The chip receiving hopper below is connected to the chip suction duct through a chip suction pipe to further collect waste chips. Overall, it can comprehensively and efficiently recover the waste chips generated during the track milling process, reduce waste chip splashing, and ensure a clean working environment.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing frame includes two fixing plates, which are arranged opposite to each other and connected to the inner wall of the housing. The opposite sides of the two fixing plates are provided with mounting grooves, and the two ends of the magnetic suction member are respectively embedded between the two fixing plates through the mounting grooves.

[0009] Using the above solution, two opposing fixing plates are connected to the inner wall of the housing. The two ends of the magnetic suction component are respectively embedded in the mounting grooves on the opposite sides of the two fixing plates, thereby fixing the magnetic suction component to the inner wall of the housing. The overall structure is simple, which facilitates the installation and disassembly of the magnetic suction component and ensures that the magnetic suction component is stably set on the inner wall of the housing, thus guaranteeing the magnetic suction component's adsorption effect on waste.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the magnetic suction member, and the cleaning ring can slide along the axial direction of the magnetic suction member.

[0011] Using the above solution, the cleaning ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the magnetic component. Driven by external force, the cleaning ring slides on the magnetic component, which can clean the waste adsorbed on the magnetic component, prevent the waste from accumulating too much and affecting the adsorption effect of the magnetic component, and improve the service life of the magnetic component and the waste recycling efficiency.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a driving component, a swing rod, and a connecting rod. The driving component is disposed on the dust suction duct. One end of the swing rod is connected to the driving component, and the other end is movably connected to the connecting rod. The end of the connecting rod away from the swing rod is movably connected to the cleaning ring. The driving component is used to drive the swing rod to perform a circular swing.

[0013] Using the above solution, the driving component drives the swing rod to swing in a circular motion. The swing rod drives the cleaning ring to move through the connecting rod. The linkage structure formed by the swing rod and the connecting rod enables the cleaning ring to reciprocate, thereby realizing the function of automatically cleaning the debris on the magnetic suction component, improving cleaning efficiency and effect, and reducing manual operation.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving component includes a rotating shaft, which is disposed in the dust suction duct and rotatably connected to the dust suction duct. The rotating shaft is provided with blades, and the end of the swing rod away from the connecting rod is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0015] The above solution utilizes the airflow within the dust extraction duct to drive the blades, causing the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the swing arm to rotate. This eliminates the need for an additional power source, resulting in a simple structure, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness, thus reducing equipment and operating costs.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic attractor includes an electromagnet.

[0017] Using the above scheme, the presence or absence of magnetism of the electromagnet can be controlled by turning it on and off. When energized, it attracts waste debris, and when de-energized, it is easy to clean up the waste debris. It is convenient to operate and can better achieve the cleaning and collection of waste debris.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust suction duct includes a duct body and a dust collection box. The two ends of the duct body are a dust inlet and an exhaust outlet, respectively. The dust collection box is disposed between the dust inlet and the exhaust outlet and is connected to the duct body. The dust collection box is located below the duct body and is used to collect waste dust.

[0019] Using the above solution, the waste chips in the chip suction duct fall into the chip collection box due to gravity when passing through the chip collection box under the action of airflow, which can easily collect the waste chips, facilitate centralized treatment of waste chips, and improve the convenience of waste chip recycling.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a filter screen is provided in the air duct body corresponding to the chip collection box, and the filter screen is used to intercept waste chips in the air duct body.

[0021] Using the above solution, when the waste debris flows with the airflow in the duct body, the filter screen can intercept the waste debris in the duct body, preventing the waste debris from entering the external negative pressure equipment. At the same time, the waste debris intercepted by the filter screen can fall into the debris collection box under the action of gravity.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a grinding wheel cover is provided inside the housing corresponding to the milling grinding wheel, the grinding wheel cover is connected to the housing, and the milling grinding wheel is located inside the grinding wheel cover.

[0023] By adopting the above solution, the grinding wheel cover can protect the milling grinding wheel, prevent the waste chips generated during the milling process from splashing to other parts, and reduce the interference of external factors on the milling grinding wheel, thereby improving the milling quality and safety.

[0024] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a track milling vehicle, including a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body is provided with the aforementioned track milling waste recycling device.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, this application, by installing a track milling waste recycling device on the track milling vehicle, enables the track milling vehicle to recycle the milling waste generated during the process in real time and efficiently, thereby improving the environmental protection and work efficiency of track milling operations.

[0026] The above-mentioned track milling waste chip recycling device and track milling trolley have the following beneficial effects: by setting up the chip suction air duct and the side suction chip collection component, the waste chips behind and to the side of the milling wheel can be collected comprehensively and effectively, reducing the splashing of waste chips, effectively improving the waste chip collection efficiency, and ensuring a clean working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a track milling waste chip recycling device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a track milling waste chip recycling device according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side suction chip collection assembly in a track milling chip recycling device of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the drive component in a track milling waste chip recycling device of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C; In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Grinding wheel milling machine; 21. Grinding wheel; 22. Grinding motor; 3. Chip suction duct; 31. Chip inlet; 32. Exhaust outlet; 33. Duct body; 34. Chip collection box; 35. Filter screen; 4. Side suction chip collection assembly; 41. Fixing frame; 411. Fixing plate; 412. Mounting slot; 42. Chip receiving hopper; 43. Magnetic suction component; 44. Chip suction pipe; 45. Cleaning ring; 46. Drive component; 461. Rotating shaft; 462. Blade; 47. Swing rod; 48. Connecting rod; 5. Grinding wheel cover; 6. Track.

[0028] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention more apparent and easier to understand, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and several embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 Reference Figures 1 to 7 In one aspect, the present invention provides a track milling waste chip recycling device, including a housing 1, a grinding wheel milling machine 2, a chip suction duct 3, and a side suction chip collection assembly 4. The bottom wall of the housing 1 has an opening to facilitate the contact between the milling wheel 21 and the track 6, so that the milling wheel 21 can act on the track 6.

[0034] The grinding wheel milling machine 2 is mounted on the housing 1 and includes a grinding wheel 21 and a grinding motor 22. The grinding motor 22 is bolted to the side wall of the housing 1. The grinding wheel 21 is disposed inside the housing 1 and is connected to the drive shaft of the grinding motor 22 via a coupling. Driven by the grinding motor 22, the grinding wheel 21 can perform milling operations on the track 6. In some other embodiments, the grinding motor 22 can also be welded to the housing 1, as long as it can be mounted on the housing 1 to provide power to the grinding wheel 21. The specific connection method between the grinding motor 22 and the housing 1 is not limited here.

[0035] The chip suction duct 3 includes a duct body 33, a chip collection box 34, and a filter screen 35. The duct body 33 is a rectangular hollow pipe structure with a chip inlet 31 and an exhaust outlet 32 ​​at each end. The chip inlet 31 is located inside the housing 1 and behind the grinding wheel milling machine 2, and is used to receive the waste chips generated when the grinding wheel 21 grinds the track 6. The exhaust outlet 32 ​​is connected to an external exhaust pump, which generates negative pressure, causing the waste chips to enter the chip suction duct 3 through the chip inlet 31. The chip collection box 34 is a hollow box structure with an inclined bottom for easy dumping of waste chips. It is located between the chip inlet 31 and the exhaust port 32 and is connected to the duct body 33 for collecting waste chips. The chip collection box 34 is connected to the duct body 33 by bolts. In other embodiments, the chip collection box 34 can also be connected to the duct body 33 by welding, as long as it can be installed on the duct body 33. The specific connection method between the chip collection box 34 and the duct body 33 is not limited here. A filter screen 35 is located at the connection between the chip collection box 34 and the duct body 33 to filter the air and prevent waste chips from being discharged with the air. Waste chips intercepted by the filter screen 35 can fall into the chip collection box 34 under gravity. It is worth noting that the chip collection box 34 has a door, which allows workers to clean the waste chips.

[0036] Side-suction chip collection assemblies 4 are provided on both sides of the milling wheel 21. Each side-suction chip collection assembly 4 includes a fixed frame 41, a chip hopper 42, a magnetic suction element 43, and a chip suction pipe 44. The fixed frame 41 includes two fixed plates 411, which are connected to the housing 1 by bolts. The two fixed plates 411 are arranged opposite each other, and each of the opposite sides of the two fixed plates 411 has a mounting groove 412. The magnetic suction element 43 is an electromagnet, with both ends of the electromagnet embedded between the two fixed plates 411 through the mounting groove 412, and thus disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1. In other embodiments, the magnetic suction element 43 can also be mounted on the fixed frame 41 by a snap-fit ​​connection. As long as the magnetic suction element 43 can be mounted on the fixed frame 41, the specific connection method between the magnetic suction element 43 and the fixed frame 41 is not limited here. The chip hopper 42 is located below the magnetic suction component 43. A through hole is provided on the side of the chip hopper 42 near the air duct body 33. The chip hopper 42 is connected to the air duct body 33 of the chip suction duct 3 through the through hole and the chip suction pipe 44. It is worth noting that the chip suction pipe 44 is a metal pipe. In this embodiment, a copper pipe is used. In other embodiments, stainless steel or aluminum alloy pipes can also be used as the chip suction pipe. The specific material of the chip suction pipe is not limited here. A battery and a controller are provided on the housing 1 or the track milling machine. The battery provides power to the electromagnet, and the controller controls the on / off state of the electromagnet.

[0037] A grinding wheel cover 5 is also provided inside the housing 1. The grinding wheel cover 5 is bolted to the housing 1 to protect the milling grinding wheel 21 and prevent waste chips from splashing to other parts. In some other embodiments, the grinding wheel cover 5 can also be installed on the housing 1 by welding. As long as the grinding wheel cover 5 can be installed on the housing 1 to protect the milling grinding wheel 21, the specific connection method between the grinding wheel cover 5 and the housing 1 is not limited here.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment optimizes the side-suction chip collection component 4 based on Embodiment 1. (Refer to...) Figures 2 to 7In this embodiment, the side-suction chip collection assembly 4 further includes a cleaning ring 45, a driving component 46, a swing rod 47, and a connecting rod 48. The driving component 46 includes a rotating shaft 461 and blades 462. The rotating shaft 461 is connected to the duct body 33 via bearings. Both ends of the rotating shaft 461 extend through the side walls of the duct body 33 and are positioned inside the duct body 33, offset from its centerline. The blades 462 are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 461 with screws. The swing rod 47 is connected to the portion of the rotating shaft 461 outside the duct body 33. In this embodiment, the swing rod 47 is connected to the rotating shaft 461 via a connecting cap. In other embodiments, the swing rod 47 can also be connected to the rotating shaft 461 via screws. One end of the rod 47 is fixed to the rotating shaft 461. As long as the swing rod 47 and the rotating shaft 461 are fixedly connected, the specific connection relationship between the swing rod 47 and the rotating shaft 461 is not limited here. One end of the connecting rod 48 is hinged to the swing rod 47, and the other end is hinged to the cleaning ring 45. It is worth noting that in order to ensure that the cleaning ring 45 can smoothly reciprocate on the surface of the magnetic suction part 43, there are two swing rods 47 and two connecting rods 48. One swing rod 47 and one connecting rod 48 form a linkage structure, and the two linkage structures are located on both sides of the cleaning ring 45.

[0039] When the exhaust pump is working, the airflow within the duct body 33 varies. Because the rotating shaft 461 is positioned off-center from the duct body 33, the airflow is different, facilitating the drive of the blades 462 and improving their rotational stability. The blades 462 drive the rotating shaft 461 to rotate, which in turn drives the swing rod 47 to swing. The swing rod 47, through the connecting rod 48, drives the cleaning ring 45 to reciprocate on the surface of the magnetic component 43, cleaning the debris adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic component 43 and preventing debris accumulation from affecting the magnetic attraction effect. Specifically, when the electromagnet is energized, the reciprocating motion of the cleaning ring 45 solves the problem of concentrated accumulation of adsorbed debris; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the reciprocating motion of the cleaning ring 45 quickly scrapes off the debris from the electromagnet.

[0040] In some other embodiments, the drive element 46 can be a motor, which is mounted on the housing 1 or the air duct body 33. The swing rod 47 is connected to the drive shaft of the motor, and the cleaning ring 45 can also reciprocate along the axis of the electromagnet by swinging the swing rod.

[0041] Example 3 In another aspect, the present invention provides a track milling vehicle, including a vehicle body, on which a track milling waste chip recycling device as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is installed. In this embodiment, the housing 1 of the track milling waste chip recycling device is mounted on the vehicle body via a hydraulic telescopic rod. The height of the track milling waste chip recycling device can be adjusted by the action of the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the milling grinding wheel can contact or detach from the track.

[0042] The working principle of this application is as follows: During the milling process of the grinding wheel 21 and the grinding track 6, a large amount of waste chips are generated, which are splashed in all directions under the action of the milling force. Among them, the waste chips located behind the grinding wheel milling machine 2 are drawn into the air duct body 33 through the chip inlet 31 of the chip suction air duct 3 under the negative pressure generated by the exhaust pump. The mixed airflow of air and waste chips flows along the air duct body 33 and enters the chip collection box 34. The filter screen 35 filters the airflow and intercepts the waste chips in the chip collection box 34, while the purified air is discharged through the exhaust port 32, realizing the initial collection of waste chips located behind the grinding wheel milling machine 2.

[0043] Waste chips splashed from both sides of the milling wheel 21 are attracted by the magnetic suction component 43 in the side suction chip collection assembly 4. The magnetic suction component 43 is an electromagnet, powered by a battery installed on the housing 1 or the track milling carriage, and its power is controlled by a controller. When the electromagnet is energized, it generates magnetism, attracting metal waste chips flying towards the side of the milling wheel 21, preventing the waste chips from splashing into the surrounding environment and reducing the impact of waste chips on the working environment and equipment. During the operation of the exhaust pump, air flows inside the duct body 33. Because the rotating shaft 461 is set at a position off the center line of the duct body 33, the air volume distribution is uneven, causing the blades 462, which are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 461, to be subjected to wind forces of different directions and magnitudes, thereby driving the rotating shaft 461 to rotate. The rotating shaft 461 drives the swing rod 47 to swing. The swing rod 47 drives the cleaning ring 45 to reciprocate on the surface of the magnetic suction component 43 through the hinged connecting rod 48, cleaning the waste debris adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic suction component 43. The waste debris falls into the chip collection hopper 42 below, and then enters the chip suction air duct 3 through the chip suction pipe 44, and is finally collected in the chip collection box 34, ensuring that the magnetic suction component 43 can continuously and effectively adsorb waste debris and maintain a good waste debris recycling effect.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail milling slurry recovery device, characterized by, The application relates to a rail milling and waste collecting device. The rail milling and waste collecting device comprises a shell, a bottom wall of the shell having an opening; a grinding wheel milling machine, the grinding wheel milling machine comprising a milling grinding wheel and a milling motor, the milling motor being arranged on the shell, the milling grinding wheel being arranged in the shell and being in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the milling motor, the milling grinding wheel being used for milling a rail under the driving of the milling motor; a dust suction air duct, two ends of the dust suction air duct being respectively an inlet and an air outlet, the inlet being arranged in the shell and being located behind the grinding wheel milling machine, the air outlet being connected with an external equipment for generating negative pressure, the dust suction air duct being used for receiving and collecting waste generated when the grinding wheel milling machine mills the rail; and a side dust suction and collection assembly, the two sides of the milling grinding wheel being provided with the side dust suction and collection assembly, the side dust suction and collection assembly being connected with the shell, the side dust suction and collection assembly comprising a fixing frame, a dust collecting bucket and a magnetic suction piece, the magnetic suction piece being arranged on an inner wall of the shell through the fixing frame, the dust collecting bucket being arranged below the magnetic suction piece and being connected with the dust suction air duct through a dust suction pipe, and the magnetic suction piece being used for adsorbing waste flying to the side of the milling grinding wheel. The fixing frame comprises two fixing plates, the two fixing plates being oppositely arranged and being connected with the inner wall of the shell, opposite sides of the two fixing plates being provided with mounting grooves, and the two ends of the magnetic suction piece being embedded between the two fixing plates through the mounting grooves. An outer surface of the magnetic suction piece is sleeved with a cleaning ring, and the cleaning ring can slide along the axial direction of the magnetic suction piece. The device further comprises a driving piece, an oscillating rod and a connecting rod, one end of the oscillating rod being in transmission connection with the driving piece, the other end of the oscillating rod being movably connected with the connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod away from the oscillating rod being movably connected with the cleaning ring; and the driving piece is used for driving the oscillating rod to make a circular oscillation.

2. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 1, wherein: The driving piece comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being arranged in the dust suction air duct and being rotatably connected with the dust suction air duct, blades being arranged on the rotating shaft, and one end of the oscillating rod away from the connecting rod being connected with the rotating shaft.

3. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 1, wherein: The magnetic suction piece comprises an electromagnet.

4. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 3, wherein: The dust suction air duct comprises an air duct body and a dust collecting box, two ends of the air duct body being respectively the inlet and the air outlet, the dust collecting box being arranged between the inlet and the air outlet and being connected with the air duct body, the dust collecting box being located below the air duct body, and the dust collecting box being used for collecting waste.

5. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 4, wherein: A filter screen is arranged in the air duct body and corresponds to the dust collecting box, and the filter screen is used for intercepting waste in the air duct body.

6. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 1, wherein: A grinding wheel cover is arranged in the shell and corresponds to the milling grinding wheel, the grinding wheel cover being connected with the shell, and the milling grinding wheel being located in the grinding wheel cover.

7. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 1, wherein: The vehicle body is provided with the rail milling and waste collecting device according to any one of claims 1-9.

8. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 7, wherein: ​ 9. The rail mill-out debris recovery device of claim 1, wherein: ​ 10. A rail milling machine comprising a vehicle body, characterised in that: ​

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