Replaceable node of bearing-damping decoupling regulation and control mechanism and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground structures, in particular to a replaceable node of a bearing-damping decoupling regulation and control mechanism and a working method. The replaceable joint comprises a supporting column, a bearing beam and a decoupling regulation and control component, and the decoupling regulation and control component is located between the supporting column and the bearing beam. The decoupling regulation and control component comprises a connecting beam, energy dissipation pieces and a connecting plate, the energy dissipation pieces are located on the upper side and the lower side of the connecting beam, the outer end of the connecting beam and the outer ends of the energy dissipation pieces are fixedly connected with the supporting column, the inner ends of the energy dissipation pieces are rotationally connected with the outer end of the connecting plate, and a sliding groove is formed in the connecting plate and arranged horizontally. The inner end of the connecting beam is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the inner end of the connecting plate is rotationally connected with the bearing beam. According to the invention, bearing-damping decoupling is independently regulated and controlled, and the rigid motion of the support column is utilized to realize relative displacement between the energy consumption piece and the connecting plate to achieve deformation coordination, so that cooperative work is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground structure technology, and in particular to a replaceable node and working method of a load-bearing-damping decoupling control mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of beam-column joint connection technology for large underground frame structures, replaceable joints are widely used in underground space development as an important means to improve the seismic toughness of structures. These joints are typically assembled with the main beams and columns through prefabricated connecting components. Under seismic loading, they dissipate energy through the plastic deformation of specific components, and after an earthquake, the structure can be quickly restored to its function by replacing damaged components.

[0003] Existing technology discloses a replaceable beam-column joint with a load-bearing and vibration-damping coordinated mechanism. This joint mainly includes a first column, a first beam segment integrally cast with the first column, a second beam segment, and connectors located on both sides of the beam segment. The connectors are rectangular plate structures, connected to the first and second beam segments by high-strength bolts to form a continuation of the beam. Energy-dissipating components are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the first beam segment, one end of which is bolted to the first column via an end plate, and the other end is bolted to the connectors via an end tube. The connectors are made of low-yield-strength steel, with a yield strength between 100 and 225 MPa, which preferentially enters the plastic stage during earthquakes to dissipate energy. During operation, the rigid motion of the first column drives the coordinated deformation of the energy-dissipating components and the connectors, allowing the energy-dissipating components to primarily bear the vibration-damping effect in the horizontal and rotational directions, without participating in bearing the vertical load generated by the overlying soil layer.

[0004] However, this existing technology has several shortcomings in practical applications. Both load-bearing and damping functions are achieved through the collaboration of connectors and energy-dissipating components. The performance of the two is closely coupled, making it impossible to independently adjust the load-bearing capacity and damping performance according to the specific working conditions of the underground structure. For example, when the project needs to improve the damping effect, some load-bearing capacity must be sacrificed, making it difficult to optimize the node performance for specific project needs and resulting in insufficient adaptability under complex stress conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a replaceable node with a load-bearing and vibration-damping decoupling control mechanism. Through a decoupling control mechanism, the load-bearing capacity and vibration-damping performance of the node can be independently controlled, ensuring that the node can stably bear the load of the overlying soil layer during normal use and can concentrate energy for dissipation in specific components under seismic action. This not only ensures the load-bearing reliability of the node under high axial compression environment but also optimizes its energy dissipation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: A replaceable node for a load-bearing-damping decoupling control mechanism includes: a support column, a load-bearing beam, and a decoupling control component, wherein the decoupling control component is located between the support column and the load-bearing beam; the decoupling control component includes a connecting beam, an energy-dissipating component, and a connecting plate, wherein the energy-dissipating component is located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting beam, the outer ends of the connecting beam and the energy-dissipating component are fixedly connected to the support column, the inner end of the energy-dissipating component is rotatably connected to the outer end of the connecting plate, a sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate, the sliding groove is arranged horizontally, the inner end of the connecting beam is slidably connected to the sliding groove, and the inner end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the load-bearing beam.

[0007] Optionally, the connecting plate has two parts, with the outer ends of the two connecting plates located on the front and rear sides of the connecting beam and the energy-consuming component, respectively, and the inner ends of the two connecting plates located on the front and rear sides of the load-bearing beam, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the inner end of the connecting beam is provided with a sliding shaft, and the front and rear ends of the sliding shaft are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves of the connecting plates on both sides.

[0009] Optionally, the slide shaft is a bolt, with the end of the slide shaft protruding from the connecting plate, and a nut is installed on the protruding part of the slide shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the supporting column is a reinforced concrete column, the connecting beam is an I-beam, the connecting plate is a steel plate, and the load-bearing beam is a reinforced concrete beam.

[0011] Optionally, the outer end of the I-beam is embedded in the reinforced concrete column and poured together with the reinforced concrete column.

[0012] Optionally, the energy-consuming component is a T-shaped structure, including a vertical end plate and a horizontal flat plate, with the end plate located at the inner end and the flat plate located at the outer end, and the end plate being connected to bolts pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete column.

[0013] Optionally, the energy-consuming component has threaded cylinders on both the front and rear sides of the plate, and the connecting plate has a through hole at its outer end. The threaded cylinders are inserted into the through hole, and a nut is installed on the protruding part.

[0014] Optionally, the plate of the energy-consuming component has a strip-shaped hole, the length direction of which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded cylinder.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for operating a replaceable node in the load-bearing-damping decoupling control mechanism described above, comprising: Under normal load conditions, the connecting beams and connecting plates bear the vertical shear force and rotational bending moment generated by the overlying soil layer, while the energy-dissipating components do not bear the load. When an earthquake causes a horizontal relative displacement between the supporting column and the load-bearing beam, the rigid body motion of the supporting column drives the connecting beam and the connecting plate to produce a relative horizontal displacement, causing the energy-dissipating components to deform horizontally to dissipate the earthquake energy. When an earthquake causes relative rotation between the supporting column and the load-bearing beam, the rigid motion of the supporting column drives the connecting beam and the connecting plate to rotate relative to each other, causing the energy-dissipating components to rotate and deform to dissipate the earthquake energy.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention is based on the design concept of decoupled control of load-bearing and vibration damping. It features interchangeable node forms and connection methods in the interface area, enabling independent control and coordinated operation of each component within the node. Regarding the node's load-bearing capacity, the vertical shear force and rotational bending moment of the overlying soil layer are primarily borne by the connecting plate and connecting beam. For the node's horizontal vibration damping performance, the connecting beam mainly provides sufficient axial stiffness. The connecting beam and connecting plate will generate a certain degree of horizontal relative displacement. When subjected to tension or compression, the energy-dissipating components preferentially enter the plastic energy dissipation stage, leveraging the seismic ductility of the connecting components. Regarding the node's rotational vibration damping performance, during an earthquake, the energy-dissipating components will rotate relative to the supporting columns and connecting plates, thereby concentrating seismic energy on the energy-dissipating components and achieving energy dissipation and vibration damping. Concentrating seismic energy on the energy-dissipating components reduces damage to the frame beams and columns caused by earthquakes, and only the energy-dissipating components need to be replaced after an earthquake, allowing the overall structure to quickly restore its original function.

[0017] Compared to existing technologies, this design achieves decoupling and independent control of load-bearing and damping functions. The rigid motion of the supporting columns enables relative displacement between the energy-dissipating components and the connecting plates, achieving deformation coordination and collaborative operation. The energy-dissipating components do not bear the axial and shear forces at the beam ends under the load of the overlying soil, avoiding a complex coupled stress state and fully utilizing their energy-dissipating and damping effects. Simultaneously, the shear, tensile, compressive, and bending resistance of the energy-dissipating components are used synergistically to support the node's load-bearing capacity, horizontal damping performance, and rotational damping performance, fully leveraging their seismic ductility and energy dissipation capacity. When applied to underground structures, this node not only ensures structural safety and rapid post-earthquake restoration of functionality but also saves on construction costs, providing a reference for improving the seismic toughness of underground structures.

[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the dimensions or spacing between the components are exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] Figure 1 This is the replaceable node main view provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the replaceable nodes provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-consuming component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support column and the connecting beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the replaceable node carrying mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal vibration reduction mechanism with replaceable nodes provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotational damping mechanism of the replaceable node provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Support column; 2. Connecting beam; 3. Energy-dissipating component; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Load-bearing beam; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this embodiment proposes a replaceable node for a load-bearing-damping decoupling control mechanism, including a support column 1, a load-bearing beam 5, and a decoupling control component. The decoupling control component is located between the support column 1 and the load-bearing beam 5. The decoupling control component includes a connecting beam 2, an energy-dissipating component 3, and a connecting plate 4. The energy-dissipating component 3 is located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting beam 2. The outer ends of the connecting beam 2 and the energy-dissipating component 3 are fixedly connected to the support column 1. The inner end of the energy-dissipating component 3 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the connecting plate 4. A sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate 4. The sliding groove is arranged horizontally. The inner end of the connecting beam 2 is slidably connected to the sliding groove. The inner end of the connecting plate 4 is rotatably connected to the load-bearing beam 5.

[0022] Before the earthquake, this node possessed sufficient strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity. Its load-bearing and damping decoupling control mechanism is as follows: First, the rigid body motion of the supporting column 1 is used to achieve relative displacement between the energy dissipation component 3 and the connecting plate 4, resulting in deformation coordination and collaborative work. Second, the energy dissipation component 3 does not bear the axial force and shear force at the beam end under the load of the overlying soil layer, avoiding a complex coupled stress state and fully utilizing its energy dissipation and damping effect. Simultaneously, the shear, tensile, compressive, and bending resistance of the energy dissipation component 3 are used to collaboratively undertake the node's load-bearing capacity, horizontal damping performance, and rotational damping performance, fully utilizing the seismic ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the energy dissipation component 3. After the earthquake, replacing the energy dissipation component 3 allows the structure to quickly restore its original function.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the connecting plate 4 has two pieces. The outer ends of the two connecting plates 4 are located on the front and rear sides of the connecting beam 2 and the energy-consuming component 3, respectively, and the inner ends of the two connecting plates 4 are located on the front and rear sides of the load-bearing beam 5, respectively.

[0024] The symmetrical arrangement of the two connecting plates 4 enhances the stability of the node and the uniformity of force transmission, ensuring that the force is transmitted evenly through the front and rear connecting plates 4 under load, reducing eccentricity or torsion that may be caused by unilateral force. The cooperative work of the two connecting plates 4 provides a more reliable connection interface, enabling the energy-consuming component 3 to be subjected to uniform force when deformed horizontally or by rotation, thereby improving energy consumption efficiency and service life.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the inner end of the connecting beam 2 is provided with a sliding shaft, and the front and rear ends of the sliding shaft are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves of the connecting plates 4 on both sides.

[0026] The sliding of the sliding shaft in the groove ensures that relative displacement can occur between the connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4, so that the node can deform to a certain extent in the horizontal direction without causing structural rigidity failure.

[0027] The sliding shaft is a bolt, with the end of the sliding shaft protruding from the connecting plate 4, and a nut is installed on the protruding part of the sliding shaft.

[0028] The bolt shank acts as a sliding shaft, inserting into the sliding groove to achieve sliding. The nut fits against the outer side of the connecting plate 4 to form an axial constraint, which allows the bolt to slide while limiting its axial displacement, ensuring reliable connection. The bolt is detachable, facilitating the replacement of the connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4 later, and solving the problem of the sliding shaft being not securely fixed or difficult to disassemble.

[0029] The supporting column 1 is a reinforced concrete column, the connecting beam 2 is an I-beam, the connecting plate 4 is a steel plate, and the load-bearing beam 5 is a reinforced concrete beam.

[0030] Reinforced concrete columns and load-bearing beams can withstand high axial pressure underground without the risk of cracking. I-beams, with their I-shaped cross-sections, have high bending stiffness under the same material requirements, reducing normal deformation and ensuring performance. Steel plates are easy to machine with grooves and through holes, facilitating connections. The embedded casting of reinforced concrete columns and I-beams combines the advantages of both, forming a rigid-flexible load-bearing system. Bolted connections between steel plates and I-beams / reinforced concrete beams ensure reliable force transfer between different materials, preventing interruptions in force transmission.

[0031] The outer end of the I-beam is embedded in the reinforced concrete column and is poured together with the reinforced concrete column.

[0032] The embedded pouring process creates a rigid connection between the I-beam and the reinforced concrete column, ensuring no loosening and guaranteeing reliable transmission of vertical shear force and bending moment under normal loads, thus solving the problem of reduced load-bearing capacity caused by weak connections.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the energy-consuming component 3 is a T-shaped structure, including a vertical end plate and a horizontal plate. The end plate is located at the inner end, and the plate is located at the outer end. The end plate is connected to a bolt pre-installed in the reinforced concrete column.

[0034] The end plate is connected to the upper and lower rows of pre-embedded bolts to ensure reliable connection of the outer end of the energy dissipation component 3 and eliminate the risk of detachment during earthquakes. The horizontal arrangement of the flat plate facilitates connection with the connecting plate 4 and is located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting beam 2, which does not affect the transmission of vertical force and ensures that the energy dissipation component 3 does not bear normal loads.

[0035] The energy-consuming component 3 has threaded cylinders on its front and rear sides, and the connecting plate 4 has a through hole at its outer end. The threaded cylinders are inserted into the through hole, and nuts are installed on the protruding part.

[0036] The threaded cylinder and the through hole cooperate to achieve a rotating connection, which can adapt to the rotational deformation of the connecting plate 4 during an earthquake. The nut can prevent the threaded cylinder from coming out and is detachable, making it convenient to replace the energy-consuming part 3 after the earthquake.

[0037] Except for the end plate, the energy-consuming component 3 is made of low yield strength energy-consuming material. The plate of the energy-consuming component 3 has a strip-shaped hole, and the length direction of the strip-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded cylinder.

[0038] The strip-shaped holes weaken the local stiffness in the center of the plate, allowing plastic deformation to occur around the holes first. This prevents excessive overall rigidity of the plate from hindering deformation, thus improving energy dissipation efficiency. The strip-shaped holes work synergistically with the low-yield plate; the low-yield material itself is easily deformable, and the weakened stiffness from the holes allows the plate to deform under minimal force, with the deformation concentrated around the holes, eliminating the risk of overall fracture. The specific design involves slotting or machining based on the dimensions and stiffness of the connectors, with the vertical height within the vertical height of the connecting plate 4 to prevent the energy dissipation component 3 from directly bearing vertical loads.

[0039] In summary, the replaceable node in this embodiment has reliable load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation and vibration reduction performance, a reasonable load-bearing-vibration decoupling control mechanism, and can be quickly disassembled and assembled. When an earthquake occurs, the support column 1 will cause the energy dissipation component 3 to rotate, resulting in relative displacement with the connecting plate 4. This will compress or stretch the low yield strength steel plate, allowing it to fully utilize its seismic performance. This node utilizes the shear, tensile, compressive, and bending resistance of the energy dissipation component 3 to jointly undertake the horizontal damping performance, vertical damping performance, and rotational damping performance of the node. It can fully utilize the seismic ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the energy dissipation component 3. Compared with cast-in-place beam-column nodes, the material properties of each component in this node are fully utilized, and the load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation and damping capacity of the original structure are improved.

[0040] This node features a rationally designed sliding hinge constraint between connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4, preventing vertical relative displacement between them. Therefore, the node's load-bearing stiffness remains continuous and reliable. Connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4 can undergo relative horizontal displacement, transferring horizontal seismic forces to energy-dissipating component 3. They can also undergo relative rotational displacement, transferring rotational seismic forces to energy-dissipating component 3. Simultaneously, energy-dissipating component 3 does not bear shear force or bending moment under the load of the overlying soil layer, avoiding a complex coupled stress state and fully utilizing its energy dissipation and vibration reduction function.

[0041] The energy-dissipating component 3 in this node is a prefabricated integral component, pre-processed in the factory to ensure dimensional accuracy and performance consistency. Its connection to the main structure is achieved using high-strength bolts, eliminating the need for on-site welding or casting, greatly simplifying the installation and disassembly process. The left end of the energy-dissipating component 3 is connected to the pre-embedded high-strength bolts via an end plate, while the right end is secured to the connecting plate 4 with nuts via a threaded cylinder. If replacement is required after an earthquake, only the nuts and bolts need to be removed to remove the entire energy-dissipating component 3, without disturbing the connecting beam 2, connecting plate 4, or the reinforced concrete main structure. Other load-bearing components such as connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4 remain intact, truly achieving replacement of only damaged parts. Node components such as connecting plate 4 and connecting beam 2 are connected to cast-in-place concrete beams and columns via pre-embedded and high-strength bolts, structurally compatible with common underground structure construction techniques, requiring no significant changes to the original structural design or construction process. The node exhibits good coordination and construction compatibility with the main structure.

[0042] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for operating a replaceable node of the load-bearing-damping decoupling control mechanism as described above, including: Under normal load conditions, the vertical shear force and rotational bending moment generated by the overlying soil layer are borne by the connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4, while the energy dissipation component 3 does not bear the load. When an earthquake causes a horizontal relative displacement between the support column 1 and the load-bearing beam 5, the rigid body motion of the support column 1 drives the connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4 to produce a relative horizontal displacement, causing the energy-dissipating component 3 to undergo horizontal deformation to dissipate earthquake energy. When an earthquake causes relative rotation between the support column 1 and the load-bearing beam 5, the rigid motion of the support column 1 drives the connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4 to rotate relative to each other, causing the energy-dissipating component 3 to rotate and deform to dissipate earthquake energy.

[0043] This method achieves decoupled control of load-bearing and vibration reduction, ensuring efficient operation of the nodes under different working conditions: The node's carrying mechanism is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, this node uses connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4 to replace part of the underground concrete beam, significantly improving the node's vertical and axial load-bearing capacity. Under normal use, the vertical shear force and rotational bending moment generated by the overlying soil layer are mainly borne by connecting plate 4 and connecting beam 2. The energy-dissipating component 3 is located within the vertical width of connecting plate 4 and maintains a certain gap with the upper floor slab, therefore it does not participate in bearing the upper load. Specifically, the vertical shear force (F) of the overlying soil layer... 土层 ) by connecting plate 4 (F 钢板 ) and the original load-bearing beam 5 (F 框架梁The energy dissipation component 3 and the connecting plate 4 share the load, with the connecting beam 2 playing an auxiliary role in force transmission. Meanwhile, since the right end of the energy dissipation component 3 and the connecting plate 4 are both hinged, when the connecting plate 4 displaces under vertical load, the energy dissipation component 3 will rotate as a whole rather than deform, and therefore will not bear the bending moment (M) caused by the overlying soil layer. 土层 The bending moment in the nodal region is mainly caused by the connecting beam 2 (M). 钢梁 )bear.

[0044] Horizontal damping mechanism such as Figure 7 As shown, energy-dissipating component 3 consists of an end plate and a flat plate, and its yield strength is significantly lower than that of connecting beam 2 and connecting plate 4. Under seismic loading, energy-dissipating component 3 enters the plastic stage first, fully utilizing its ductile energy-dissipating capacity. When an earthquake occurs, a horizontal relative displacement (Δ) occurs between the supporting column 1 and the load-bearing beam 5. 水平 When the beam-column joint area A is displaced to A′, the connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4 are connected by a sliding hinge joint C, which can move horizontally to C′. However, point B on the right side of the connecting plate 4 is fixed to the load-bearing beam 5 by high-strength bolts, and its position remains unchanged. The above relative displacement forces the energy-dissipating component 3 to undergo horizontal deformation (Δ). 水平 This leads to the generation of horizontal resistance F. 耗能-水平 To resist horizontal deformation caused by earthquakes.

[0045] Rotational damping mechanism such as Figure 8 As shown, under seismic loading, if the supporting column 1 and the load-bearing beam 5 rotate relative to each other (δ... 转动 At node A, the forced rotation causes the connecting beam 2 to rotate rigidly. The connecting beam 2 and the connecting plate 4 are connected at point C by rotatable bolts, allowing for a certain degree of relative rotation, thus causing relative rotation between the connecting plate 4 and the supporting column 1. The energy-dissipating component 3 is connected to the connecting plate 4 at nodes B1 and B2. Rotation of these nodes to positions B1′ and B2′ causes relative deformation within the energy-dissipating component 3, generating a rotational reaction force F. 耗能-转动 To resist rotational deformation under earthquake action.

[0046] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable node carrying a load-damping decoupling regulation mechanism, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of seismic-resisting structure of reinforced concrete column and reinforced concrete beam, comprising: Support column, bearing beam and decoupling control component, the decoupling control component is between the support column and bearing beam; The decoupling control component includes connecting beam, energy dissipation piece and connecting plate, the energy dissipation piece is located at the upper and lower sides of the connecting beam, the outer end of connecting beam and the outer end of energy dissipation piece are fixedly connected with the support column, the inner end of energy dissipation piece is rotatably connected with the outer end of the connecting plate, the connecting plate is provided with a sliding slot, the sliding slot is horizontally arranged, the inner end of the connecting beam is slidably connected with the sliding slot, and the inner end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the bearing beam.

2. The load-shock decoupling governing mechanism's replaceable node of claim 1, wherein, The connecting plate has two, and the outer ends of the two connecting plates are located on the front and back sides of the connecting beam and energy dissipation piece respectively, and the inner ends of the two connecting plates are located on the front and back sides of the bearing beam respectively.

3. The load-shock decoupling regulated replaceable node of claim 2, wherein, The inner end of the connecting beam is provided with a sliding shaft, and the front and back ends of the sliding shaft are inserted into the sliding slots of the two connecting plates respectively.

4. The load-shock decoupling governing mechanism's replaceable node of claim 3, wherein, The sliding shaft is a bolt, and the end of the sliding shaft protrudes from the connecting plate, and the protruding part of the sliding shaft is provided with a nut.

5. The load-shock decoupling regulated replaceable node of claim 1, wherein, The support column is a reinforced concrete column, the connecting beam is an I-beam, the connecting plate is a steel plate, and the bearing beam is a reinforced concrete beam.

6. The load-shock decoupling governing mechanism's replaceable node of claim 5, wherein, The outer end of the I-beam is embedded in the reinforced concrete column and poured together with the reinforced concrete column.

7. The load-shock decoupling regulated replaceable node of claim 5, wherein, The energy dissipation piece is of T-shaped structure, including a vertical end plate and a horizontal flat plate, the end plate is located at the inner end, the flat plate is located at the outer end, and the end plate is connected with the bolt reserved in the reinforced concrete column.

8. The load-shock decoupling governing mechanism's replaceable node of claim 7, wherein, The flat plate of the energy dissipation piece is provided with a threaded cylinder on the front and back sides, the outer end of the connecting plate is provided with a through hole, the threaded cylinder is inserted into the through hole, and a nut is mounted on the protruding part.

9. The load-shock decoupling governing mechanism's replaceable node of claim 8, wherein, A strip-shaped hole is formed in the flat plate of the energy dissipation piece, and the length direction of the strip-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded cylinder.

10. A method of operating a replaceable node of a load-damping decoupling regime according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that In normal load state, the vertical shear force and rotational moment generated by the overburden layer are borne by the connecting beam and the connecting plate, and the energy dissipation piece does not bear the load; When horizontal relative displacement occurs between the support column and the bearing beam due to earthquake, the relative horizontal displacement of the connecting beam and the connecting plate is driven by the rigid body motion of the support column to make the energy dissipation piece horizontally deformed to dissipate seismic energy; When relative rotation occurs between the support column and the bearing beam due to earthquake, the relative rotation of the connecting beam and the connecting plate is driven by the rigid body motion of the support column to make the energy dissipation piece rotationally deformed to dissipate seismic energy. ​

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