Method, system, device, storage medium and program product for testing solid state batteries

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of batteries and discloses a detection method, system and device of a solid-state battery, a storage medium and a program product, the method comprising the following steps: acquiring an ultrasonic reflection signal and an ultrasonic transmission signal of a target solid-state battery; obtaining a reflection characteristic parameter of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic reflection signal; obtaining a transmission characteristic parameter of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic transmission signal; detecting the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on the reflection characteristic parameter; and detecting the density of the target solid-state battery based on the transmission characteristic parameter and a pre-constructed density model. Based on the multi-dimensional ultrasonic detection and signal fusion technology, in combination with an adaptive calibration module and a multi-physical field coupling design, the application can truly realize the characterization of the density distribution and the interface contact state of the solid-state battery in the manufacturing process of the solid-state battery, and provides a quantitative, positionable and nondestructive detection solution for the "process optimization-online quality inspection-safety early warning" of the solid-state battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a method, system, device, storage medium, and program product for testing solid-state batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state batteries may suffer from insufficient density or poor electrode-electrolyte interface contact. These issues can lead to uneven current distribution and localized overload within the battery, ultimately resulting in high impedance, low capacity, short lifespan, and even short circuits. Therefore, solid-state batteries need to be tested after production to eliminate defective ones.

[0003] In related technologies, ultrasonic testing of solid-state batteries is used to determine the presence of defects based on the speed or attenuation of ultrasonic waves. However, this method is limited by the acoustic complexity of the multilayer heterogeneous media in solid-state batteries, resulting in problems such as weak anti-interference ability and insufficient reliability of test results.

[0004] This section provides only background information relevant to this application and is not necessarily prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method, system, device, storage medium and program product for testing solid-state batteries, which combines ultrasonic transmission signals and ultrasonic reflection signals to accurately analyze the density and interface contact quality of solid-state batteries, thereby improving the accuracy of solid-state battery quality testing.

[0006] The first aspect of this application proposes a method for detecting solid-state batteries, comprising:

[0007] Acquire the ultrasonic reflection and ultrasonic transmission signals of the target solid-state battery;

[0008] Based on the ultrasonic reflection signal, the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained; and based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained.

[0009] The interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the aforementioned reflection characteristic parameters.

[0010] The density of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the transmission characteristic parameters and the pre-built density model.

[0011] In the above embodiments, during a single inspection of the target solid-state battery, both ultrasonic reflection and ultrasonic transmission signals of the target dynamic battery are simultaneously obtained. Based on reflection and transmission characteristic parameters, the target solid-state battery undergoes quality inspection. Joint analysis of the ultrasonic transmission and reflection signals allows for precise analysis of the solid-state battery's density and interface contact quality, improving the accuracy of solid-state battery quality inspection. Furthermore, using ultrasound to inspect solid-state batteries eliminates the need for battery disassembly, enabling online inspection. The ultrasonic reflection signal is the signal reflected by ultrasonic waves as they pass through the target solid-state battery. Compared to non-interface locations within the target solid-state battery, the interfaces exhibit more pronounced ultrasonic wave reflection. This is because the acoustic impedance difference between solid-solid or solid-gas interfaces is significant, leading to a sharp increase in the reflection coefficient. Additionally, solid-state battery interfaces often contain microstructural delamination, pores, or gases, further amplifying the reflected signal. Therefore, there is a strong correlation between the structural characteristics of the interfaces in the target solid-state battery and its reflection characteristic parameters. Detecting the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on these reflection characteristic parameters can significantly improve the accuracy of interface contact quality inspection. Ultrasonic transmission signal is the signal received by a transmission receiver after ultrasonic waves penetrate a target solid-state battery. During the penetration process, the ultrasonic waves attenuate due to varying density across the target solid-state battery until they exit and are received by the transmission receiver. Therefore, the ultrasonic transmission signal is a cumulative or integral representation of the state at various locations along the path of ultrasonic wave penetration. It reflects the overall average density of the target solid-state battery and effectively reflects the total attenuation caused by the overall density of the target solid-state battery. Therefore, using transmission characteristic parameters to detect the density of a target solid-state battery can effectively improve the accuracy of density detection.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, detecting the density of the target solid-state battery based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model includes:

[0013] Based on the transmission characteristic parameters and the density model, the density at different locations in the target solid-state battery is determined; the density model is used to represent the mapping relationship between the transmission characteristic parameters and the density.

[0014] Based on the fact that the density at different locations is greater than a preset density threshold, it is determined that the target solid-state battery does not have a density anomaly.

[0015] Based on the presence of a target density less than or equal to the preset density threshold at different locations, it is determined that the target solid-state battery has a density anomaly, and the location corresponding to the target density is determined as the target anomaly location.

[0016] The above method enables online quality inspection of solid-state batteries, allowing for the quantification of battery density and accurate determination of whether the density is abnormal. In cases where an anomaly is detected, the specific location of the anomaly can be precisely pinpointed, achieving high-precision, quantitative, and localizable solid-state battery density detection.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the process of constructing the density model includes:

[0018] The density of multiple sample batteries is obtained. The sample batteries and the target solid-state battery use the same material system and preparation process, but the density of different sample batteries is different.

[0019] The transmission characteristic parameters of each of the sample batteries are collected respectively, and the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude frequency.

[0020] Based on the transmission characteristic parameters and density of each sample cell, the density model is fitted.

[0021] The above method can accurately establish the correlation between transmission characteristic parameters and density, and the density model can be used to quickly quantify the density of the target solid-state battery.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, before determining the density at different locations in the target solid-state battery based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model, the method further includes:

[0023] The transmitter is controlled to move to a position relative to a reference block, which is an object with invariant acoustic properties;

[0024] The transmitter is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reference block, and the transmitted signal of the reference block is received by the transmission receiver;

[0025] Based on the transmission signal of the reference block, the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block are obtained;

[0026] Based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and the pre-calibrated reference transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block, the system deviation is determined;

[0027] Based on the system deviation, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are corrected.

[0028] Through the above embodiments, a reference block is set up so that during the solid-state battery quality inspection process, the detection deviation of the detection system can be quantified at any time using the reference block, and the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery can be corrected in a timely manner using the detected system deviation. This realizes an adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism for production line quality inspection, improves the accuracy of the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery used in the end, and thus improves the accuracy of quantifying the density of solid-state batteries and the precision of solid-state battery quality inspection.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, detecting the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on the reflection characteristic parameters includes:

[0030] Based on the fact that the peak amplitudes of the reflection characteristic parameters are all less than the preset amplitude threshold, it is determined that the target solid-state battery does not have any interface contact quality abnormalities.

[0031] Based on the presence of a target peak amplitude greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold among the peak amplitudes included in the reflection characteristic parameters, it is determined that the target solid-state battery has an interface contact quality abnormality, and the target interface in the target solid-state battery with the interface contact quality abnormality is located based on the flight time corresponding to the target peak amplitude in the reflection characteristic parameters.

[0032] By using the amplitude of the wave peak in the ultrasonic reflection signal to characterize the interface contact in solid-state batteries, the above method can accurately detect whether there are interface contact abnormalities in solid-state batteries, and further accurately locate the specific location of the interface contact abnormality, thus achieving high-precision and localizable detection of solid-state battery interface contact.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, obtaining the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic reflection signal and obtaining the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic transmission signal includes:

[0034] The reflection characteristic parameters are obtained by performing time-domain analysis on the ultrasonic reflection signal; the reflection characteristic parameters include at least one of time of flight and peak amplitude.

[0035] The ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery is subjected to time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis to obtain multiple time-domain features and multiple frequency-domain features respectively; the multiple time-domain features and the multiple frequency-domain features are used as transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery; the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency.

[0036] The analysis of reflection and transmission characteristic parameters provides data support for subsequent quality inspection of solid-state batteries. Furthermore, combining the reflection and transmission characteristic parameters to evaluate the quality of the target solid-state battery helps improve the accuracy of solid-state battery quality inspection and reduce false alarms or missed alarms in solid-state battery quality inspection.

[0037] The second aspect of this application discloses a detection system for solid-state batteries, which applies the detection method for solid-state batteries described in the first aspect above; the detection system includes a controller, a transmitter, a reflector receiver, a transmissor receiver, and a fixture;

[0038] The clamp is used to hold the target solid-state battery; the transmitter is used to emit ultrasonic waves to the target solid-state battery; the reflection receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic reflection signal reflected by the target solid-state battery; the transmission receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic transmission signal transmitted by the target solid-state battery.

[0039] The controller is configured to acquire the ultrasonic reflection signal from the reflection receiver and the ultrasonic transmission signal from the transmission receiver; obtain reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic reflection signal; obtain transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic transmission signal; detect the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on the reflection characteristic parameters; and detect the density of the target solid-state battery based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model.

[0040] The above embodiments simultaneously acquire ultrasonic reflection and ultrasonic transmission signals of the target solid-state battery during a single inspection. Based on reflection and transmission characteristic parameters, the target solid-state battery undergoes quality inspection. Joint analysis of the ultrasonic transmission and reflection signals enables precise analysis of the solid-state battery's density and interface contact quality, improving the accuracy of solid-state battery quality inspection. Furthermore, using ultrasonic waves to inspect solid-state batteries eliminates the need for battery disassembly, enabling online inspection of solid-state batteries.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, a reference block is integrated within the fixture, and the reference block is an object with invariant acoustic properties;

[0042] The controller is further configured to: control the transmitter to move above the fixture; control the transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reference block in the fixture; receive the transmission signal of the reference block through the transmission receiver; obtain the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block based on the transmission signal of the reference block; determine the system deviation based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and the pre-calibrated reference transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block; and correct the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the system deviation.

[0043] By setting a reference block within the fixture, the detection deviation of the detection system can be quantified at any time during the solid-state battery quality inspection process. The detected system deviation can be used to correct the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery in a timely manner, realizing an adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism for production line quality inspection. This improves the accuracy of the transmission characteristic parameters of the final target solid-state battery, thereby improving the accuracy of quantifying the density of the solid-state battery and enhancing the precision of solid-state battery quality inspection.

[0044] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0045] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0046] The fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0047] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the embodiments described below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1A flowchart illustrating a method for detecting solid-state batteries, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of ultrasonic waveforms provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 Amplitude plots, TOF plots, frequency shift plots, amplitude-frequency plots, and waveform plots are provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 Corresponding graphs of flight time and density, and corresponding graphs of amplitude and density, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 Flowcharts of adaptive calibration and compensation mechanisms provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 Transmission images and reflection tomography images provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a solid-state battery detection system provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0060] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] Solid-state batteries use a solid electrolyte material, with no continuously flowing liquid interface between the positive and negative electrodes and the electrolyte; ion conduction is accomplished by the solid phase. The density and interfacial contact of a solid-state battery are crucial indicators directly determining its capacity release and safe cycling performance. Insufficient density leads to numerous pores and cracks within the electrolyte, resulting in tortuous ion transport paths, increased bulk resistance, and insufficient mechanical strength to effectively suppress lithium dendrite growth. Furthermore, it easily generates cracks during cycling, accelerating capacity decay. Poor interfacial contact, on the other hand, results in a lack of adaptability between the solid-state interfaces of the electrolyte and electrodes, a small contact area, and a high risk of failure and delamination due to electrode volume changes during cycling, leading to extremely high interfacial impedance.

[0065] Insufficient density and / or poor interface contact can lead to uneven current distribution and localized overload within solid-state batteries, ultimately causing a surge in overall cell impedance on a macroscopic scale. This manifests as a sharp decrease in capacity and a significant reduction in lifespan, and may even trigger short circuits and thermal runaway, representing a core technological bottleneck hindering the commercialization of solid-state batteries. Therefore, solid-state batteries need to be tested to screen out those with substandard density and / or interface contact.

[0066] One related technology provides a method for offline inspection of solid-state batteries, which requires disassembling and slicing the solid-state battery, and then observing the slices using a scanning electron microscope. This offline method destroys the structure of the solid-state battery and cannot be applied to online quality control during the manufacturing process.

[0067] One related technology offers an X-ray-based computed tomography method. While this method enables non-destructive observation, it suffers from high equipment costs, low detection efficiency, and insufficient resolution for nanoscale interface defects, making it difficult to meet the full-line inspection requirements. Furthermore, conventional ultrasonic testing techniques based on a single parameter (such as sound velocity or attenuation) are limited by the acoustic complexity of the multilayer heterogeneous media in solid-state batteries, exhibiting weak anti-interference capabilities, inability to distinguish between density defects and interface contact failures, and inability to accurately locate the defect interface. These technological shortcomings severely restrict the optimization of solid-state battery manufacturing processes and the improvement of product consistency.

[0068] Based on this, in order to further improve the accuracy of solid-state battery testing, this application provides a solid-state battery testing method, which acquires ultrasonic reflection signals and ultrasonic transmission signals of a target solid-state battery; obtains reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic reflection signals; and obtains transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic transmission signals; and performs quality testing on the target solid-state battery based on the reflection characteristic parameters and the transmission characteristic parameters.

[0069] This method utilizes ultrasonic waves to inspect solid-state batteries, enabling online testing without disassembling the batteries. It collects both ultrasonic reflection and transmission signals from the solid-state battery, allowing for joint analysis of these transmissions and reflections. Since the ultrasonic transmission signal penetrates the solid-state battery, it contains "integral" information about the overall state of the battery, making it sensitive to the average density and total signal attenuation. The ultrasonic reflection signal, obtained by reflecting ultrasound waves at the interfaces between materials within the solid-state battery, reflects the contact quality at these interfaces. Joint analysis of the ultrasonic transmission and reflection signals allows for precise analysis of the solid-state battery's density and interface contact quality, improving the accuracy of solid-state battery quality testing.

[0070] In the embodiments of this application, solid-state batteries may include, but are not limited to, solid-state cells, solid-state modules, and solid-state battery packs. Solid-state batteries can include any electrolyte material and positive / negative electrode system, such as, but not limited to, polymer solid-state batteries, oxide solid-state batteries, sulfide solid-state batteries, composite electrolyte solid-state batteries, solid-state lithium-ion batteries, and solid-state lithium metal batteries. Solid-state batteries can be applied to any application field requiring power supply or energy storage, such as, but not limited to, applications in consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, energy storage systems, aerospace, humanoid robots, deep-sea exploration, and flexible electronics. The solid-state battery testing method provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to any process and stage in the production, manufacturing, and application of solid-state batteries.

[0071] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates some embodiments of a solid-state battery testing method, system, device, storage medium, and program product provided in this application.

[0072] See Figure 1 This paper illustrates a method for detecting solid-state batteries according to some embodiments of this application. The method specifically includes the following steps S101-S104.

[0073] Step S101: Acquire the ultrasonic reflection signal and ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery;

[0074] Step S102: Based on the ultrasonic reflection signal, obtain the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery; and based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, obtain the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery.

[0075] Step S103: Based on the reflection characteristic parameters, the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery is detected.

[0076] Step S104: The density of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the transmission characteristic parameters and the pre-built density model.

[0077] The execution subject of this application embodiment can be a detection system for detecting solid-state batteries. The detection system may include a controller, a transmitter for emitting ultrasonic waves, a reflection receiver for receiving ultrasonic reflection signals, and a transmission receiver for receiving ultrasonic transmission signals.

[0078] The aforementioned target solid-state batteries are solid-state batteries that require quality testing, and can be solid-state cells, solid-state modules, or solid-state battery packs, etc.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, ultrasonic waves are emitted into a target solid-state battery via a transmitter. These ultrasonic waves enter the battery and are reflected by interfaces within the battery. The reflected signals are received by a reflection receiver and transmitted to a controller, thus obtaining the ultrasonic reflection signal from the target solid-state battery. This ultrasonic reflection signal reflects the contact quality of the material interfaces within the battery. These interfaces capable of reflecting ultrasonic waves can be the interface between the positive electrode and the solid electrolyte, the interface between the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte, or interfaces at pores or cracks within the battery.

[0080] The ultrasonic waves pass through the target solid-state battery and are received by the transmission receiver, then transmitted to the controller, thus obtaining the ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery. Since the ultrasonic transmission signal penetrates the target solid-state battery, it contains "integral" information about the overall state of the target solid-state battery, and is sensitive to the overall average density of the battery and the total signal attenuation.

[0081] The aforementioned reflection characteristic parameters are obtained through time-domain analysis of ultrasonic reflection signals. These ultrasonic reflection signals are the signals reflected by ultrasonic waves as they pass through the target solid-state battery. Compared to non-interface locations within the target solid-state battery, the reflection of ultrasonic waves is more pronounced at the interfaces. This is because the acoustic impedance difference between solid-solid or solid-gas interfaces is significant, leading to a sharp increase in the reflection coefficient. Furthermore, solid-state battery interfaces often contain microstructural delamination, pores, or gases, further amplifying the reflected signal. Therefore, there is a strong correlation between the structural characteristics of the interfaces in the target solid-state battery and its reflection characteristic parameters. Detecting the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on these reflection characteristic parameters can significantly improve the accuracy of interface contact quality detection.

[0082] Transmission characteristic parameters are obtained through time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of the ultrasonic transmission signal. The ultrasonic transmission signal is the signal received by a transmission receiver after the ultrasonic wave penetrates the target solid-state battery. During the penetration of the target solid-state battery, the ultrasonic wave continuously attenuates due to varying density at different locations, until it exits the battery and is received by the transmission receiver. Therefore, the ultrasonic transmission signal is a cumulative or integral representation of the state at various locations along the path of the ultrasonic wave through the target solid-state battery. It reflects the overall average density of the target solid-state battery and effectively reflects the total attenuation of the ultrasonic wave caused by the entire battery. Therefore, using transmission characteristic parameters to detect the density of the target solid-state battery can effectively improve the accuracy of density detection.

[0083] The aforementioned density model can represent the mapping relationship between one or more transmission characteristic parameters and density, such as the mapping relationship between time-of-flight and density, or the mapping relationship between peak amplitude and density, or the mapping relationship between time-of-flight, peak amplitude, and density, etc. The density model can be represented in various forms, including but not limited to mapping tables between transmission characteristic parameters and density, relationship curves between transmission characteristic parameters and density, and functional expressions with transmission characteristic parameters as independent variables and density as dependent variables. These relationship curves and / or functional expressions can be obtained by linear fitting, exponential fitting, or polynomial fitting based on different transmission characteristic parameters and density.

[0084] The above embodiments simultaneously acquire ultrasonic reflection and ultrasonic transmission signals of the target solid-state battery during a single inspection. Based on reflection and transmission characteristic parameters, the target solid-state battery undergoes quality inspection. Joint analysis of the ultrasonic transmission and reflection signals enables precise analysis of the solid-state battery's density and interface contact quality, improving the accuracy of solid-state battery quality inspection. Furthermore, using ultrasonic waves to inspect solid-state batteries eliminates the need for battery disassembly, enabling online inspection of solid-state batteries.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained based on the ultrasonic reflection signal; and the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, including: performing time-domain analysis on the ultrasonic reflection signal to obtain the reflection characteristic parameters; the reflection characteristic parameters include at least one of time of flight and peak amplitude; performing time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis on the ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery to obtain multiple time-domain features and multiple frequency-domain features respectively; using the multiple time-domain features and multiple frequency-domain features as the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery; the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency.

[0086] Time-domain analysis is performed on the ultrasonic reflection signal. This process includes, but is not limited to, bandpass filtering, DC removal, envelope detection, and extraction of time-domain characteristic parameters. The parameters extracted in the time-domain characteristic parameter extraction include one or more of the following: time of flight, peak amplitude, and signal energy integral. The parameters extracted through time-domain characteristic parameter extraction are the aforementioned reflection characteristic parameters.

[0087] The method for time-domain analysis of ultrasonic transmission signals is the same as that for ultrasonic reflection signals, and will not be repeated here. Frequency-domain analysis of ultrasonic transmission signals involves performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the signal and extracting frequency-domain feature parameters from the transformed signal. These extracted parameters include, but are not limited to, frequency shift and amplitude frequency. The frequency shift can be referred to as peak frequency drift, and the amplitude frequency can be referred to as the amplitude attenuation slope.

[0088] As an example, the ultrasonic transmission signal received by the transmission receiver can be as follows: Figure 2 or Figure 3 The waveform diagram shown illustrates how the peak amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency response obtained from time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of ultrasonic transmission signals can also be represented graphically, such as... Figure 3 The amplitude plot, TOF (Time of Flight) plot, frequency shift plot, and amplitude-frequency plot shown are shown.

[0089] Reflection characteristic parameters are obtained by performing time-domain analysis on ultrasonic reflection signals, and transmission characteristic parameters are obtained by performing time-domain and frequency-domain analysis on ultrasonic transmission signals. The reflection characteristic parameters reflect the location, reflection coefficient, and energy of the ultrasonic waves reaching the target solid-state battery. The transmission characteristic parameters can be used to evaluate the attenuation coefficient and thickness of the target solid-state battery. The analysis of these reflection and transmission characteristic parameters provides data support for subsequent quality inspection of solid-state batteries. Furthermore, combining the reflection and transmission characteristic parameters to evaluate the quality of the target solid-state battery helps improve the accuracy of solid-state battery quality inspection and reduce false alarms or missed alarms.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the density of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model, including: determining the density at different locations in the target solid-state battery based on the transmission characteristic parameters and the pre-built density model; the density model is used to represent the mapping relationship between the transmission characteristic parameters and the density; determining that the solid-state battery does not have a density anomaly based on the fact that the density at different locations is greater than a preset density threshold; determining that the solid-state battery has a density anomaly based on the fact that there is a target density less than or equal to the preset density threshold among the density at different locations, and determining the location corresponding to the target density as the target anomaly location.

[0091] The aforementioned transmission characteristic parameters may include one or more of the following: time of flight, peak amplitude, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency response. These transmission characteristic parameters encompass the characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic wave at different locations along its path within the target solid-state battery, such as the time of flight and peak amplitude at these different locations.

[0092] When the packing density model is a mapping table, based on the characteristic parameters at different positions on the path through which the ultrasonic wave passes in the transmission characteristic parameters, the packing density at different positions is obtained by looking up the table. When the packing density model is a relationship curve, based on the characteristic parameters at different positions on the path through which the ultrasonic wave passes in the transmission characteristic parameters, the packing density at different positions is mapped from the relationship curve. When the packing density model is a functional relationship, the characteristic parameters at different positions on the path through which the ultrasonic wave passes in the transmission characteristic parameters are respectively substituted into the functional relationship, and the packing density at different positions is respectively solved.

[0093] The obtained packing densities at each position are respectively compared with a preset packing density threshold. The preset packing density threshold is the minimum packing density required for the solid-state battery to be judged as qualified. Only when the packing density of the solid-state battery is greater than the preset packing density threshold, it is considered that the solid-state battery meets the requirements of ion conductivity and mechanical strength. The preset packing density threshold can be, but is not limited to, 90%, 95%, etc.

[0094] If it is compared that the packing densities at each position of the target solid-state battery are all greater than the preset packing density threshold, it is determined that there is no abnormal packing density in the target solid-state battery. If it is compared that there is a target packing density less than or equal to the preset packing density threshold, it is determined that there is an abnormal packing density in the target solid-state battery, and the position corresponding to the target packing density is determined as the target abnormal position.

[0095] The position in the above-mentioned target solid-state battery can calculate the distance traveled by the ultrasonic wave based on the sound velocity and the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to reach that position, and locate that position in the target solid-state battery based on the structural information of the target solid-state battery and the distance. Among them, the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to reach that position can be analyzed from the ultrasonic transmission signal. The structural information of the target solid-state battery can include, but is not limited to, the size of the target solid-state battery, and the sizes of structural components such as the positive electrode, negative electrode, and solid electrolyte in the target solid-state battery, etc.

[0096] The above-mentioned target abnormal position can be located on the positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate or in the solid electrolyte. Further, the specific position of the target abnormal position in the target solid-state battery can also be located, such as the depth from the predetermined surface of the target solid-state battery.

[0097] Through the above method, during the online quality inspection of the solid-state battery, the packing density of the solid-state battery can be quantified, and then it can be accurately judged whether the packing density of the solid-state battery is abnormal. In the case of determining that there is an abnormality, the specific position where the abnormality exists can be accurately located, realizing high-precision, quantitative and locatable detection of the packing density of the solid-state battery. <{

[0098] In some embodiments of this application, the construction process of the density model includes: obtaining the density of multiple sample batteries, wherein the sample batteries and the target solid-state battery use the same material system and preparation process, and the density of different sample batteries is different; collecting the transmission characteristic parameters of each sample battery, wherein the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency; and fitting the density model based on the transmission characteristic parameters and density of each sample battery.

[0099] The preparation process of the aforementioned sample batteries involves using the same materials and manufacturing processes as the solid-state batteries to be tested to create a series of sample batteries with different compaction densities. The true compaction density of each sample battery is measured, for example, using methods such as volumetric measurement or the true density helium test. The ratio of the measured density to the theoretical density of the sample battery is then calculated to obtain its true compaction density. Different sample batteries will have different compactions; for example, the compactions of different sample batteries may be 88%, 92%, 95%, etc.

[0100] Under certain conditions, the detection system of this application embodiment is used to detect each sample battery. The certain environment may include pre-defined temperature, humidity, etc. An ultrasonic wave is emitted to the sample battery using a transmitter in the detection system, and the ultrasonic transmission signal from the sample battery is received using a transmission receiver. The transmission characteristic parameters of the sample battery are obtained based on the ultrasonic transmission signal using the method described above. The transmission characteristic parameters of the sample battery include signal amplitude, ultrasonic attenuation coefficient, time of flight, frequency shift, amplitude-frequency, etc.

[0101] Based on the transmission characteristic parameters and density of each sample cell, the density model described above is constructed. As an example, different transmission characteristic parameters and their corresponding densities can be stored as a mapping table. As another example, a curve or functional relationship between the transmission characteristic parameters and their corresponding densities can be fitted based on these different parameters. Figure 4 The corresponding curves between ultrasonic amplitude and TOF (Time of Flight) and density are shown, where A is the corresponding curve between time of flight and density, and B is the corresponding curve between ultrasonic amplitude and density. After obtaining the density model in the above manner, the density model is configured into the controller of the detection system.

[0102] The above method can accurately establish the correlation between transmission characteristic parameters and density, and the density model can be used to quickly quantify the density of the target solid-state battery.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, before determining the density at different locations in the target solid-state battery based on transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model, the method further includes: controlling a transmitter to move to a position relative to a reference block, the reference block being an object with invariant acoustic properties; controlling the transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reference block, and receiving the transmission signal of the reference block through a transmission receiver; obtaining the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block based on the transmission signal of the reference block; determining a system deviation based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and a pre-calibrated reference block baseline transmission characteristic parameter; and correcting the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the system deviation.

[0104] A reference block is a standard reference block with highly stable, known acoustic properties that do not change over time. The reference block can include, but is not limited to, specific types of tool steel or ceramic blocks. The reference block can be placed at any target location in the detection system. The target location refers to a position where ultrasonic waves can be emitted towards the reference block via a transmitter, and where the ultrasonic reflected signals and ultrasonic transmitted signals from the reference block can be received by a reflection receiver and a transmission receiver, respectively. The position opposite the reference block can be a position where ultrasonic waves can be emitted towards the reference block, such as above or below it.

[0105] As one embodiment, a reference block can be integrated inside a fixture for holding the target solid-state battery. Reference transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block can be pre-calibrated and pre-configured in the controller of the detection system.

[0106] Since the transmission characteristic parameters include one or more parameters such as signal amplitude, time of flight, frequency shift, and amplitude-frequency, the system deviation can be calculated separately for each of the different parameters in the transmission characteristic parameters. After obtaining the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery using the method described above, each parameter in the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery is corrected using the corresponding system deviation.

[0107] For any parameter, the system deviation can be calculated by subtracting the current detected reference value of that parameter from the detected value of that parameter in the reference transmission characteristic parameters. The difference is the system deviation for that parameter. If the current detected value of that parameter in the reference block is greater than the reference value of that parameter in the reference characteristic parameters, it indicates that the current detected value is larger than the reference value, and the system deviation is positive. If the current detected value of the reference block is less than the corresponding reference value, it indicates that the current detected value is smaller than the reference value, and the system deviation is negative.

[0108] Correcting the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery can be achieved by subtracting the corresponding system deviation from each parameter. After correction, the density of the target solid-state battery can be quantified based on the corrected transmission characteristic parameters using the methods described above. This allows for the determination of whether the target solid-state battery exhibits density anomalies, and if anomalies are found, the location of the anomaly can be pinpointed.

[0109] like Figure 5 The diagram shown illustrates the adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism. To begin the detection process, the probe is first moved to the reference block, then emitted and received ultrasonic signals, and the current signal S is acquired. current Calculate the deviation Δ. Detect the actual battery and acquire the raw signal S. raw Real-time compensation: S true = S raw - Δ. Using S true Perform precise analysis and judgment to output reliable results. This adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism is triggered periodically, cyclically, or after testing a predetermined number (e.g., 100) of solid-state batteries.

[0110] Through the above embodiments, a reference block is set up so that during the solid-state battery quality inspection process, the detection deviation of the detection system can be quantified at any time using the reference block, and the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery can be corrected in a timely manner using the detected system deviation. This realizes an adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism for production line quality inspection, improves the accuracy of the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery used in the end, and thus improves the accuracy of quantifying the density of solid-state batteries and the precision of solid-state battery quality inspection.

[0111] In some embodiments of this application, the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery is detected based on reflection characteristic parameters, including: determining that the target solid-state battery does not have interface contact quality abnormalities based on the fact that the peak amplitudes included in the reflection characteristic parameters are all less than a preset amplitude threshold; determining that the target solid-state battery has interface contact quality abnormalities based on the fact that there is a target peak amplitude greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold among the peak amplitudes included in the reflection characteristic parameters; and locating the target interface in the target solid-state battery with interface contact quality abnormalities based on the flight time corresponding to the target peak amplitude in the reflection characteristic parameters.

[0112] The aforementioned preset amplitude threshold can be set as the lowest amplitude that the ultrasonic reflection signal of a solid-state battery can reach when there are abnormalities in the interface contact. The intensity of ultrasonic wave reflection at the interface (i.e., echo amplitude) is closely related to the tightness of the interface contact. Defects such as poor interface contact, delamination, and cracks will cause strong reflection of sound waves at the interface, generating high-amplitude echo signals. If the solid-solid interface contact is good, most of the sound wave energy can penetrate the interface, and the reflected echo amplitude should be low; conversely, if the reflection amplitude is abnormally high, it may indicate that there are defects or poor contact at the interface.

[0113] Therefore, after obtaining the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery, the peak amplitudes included in the reflection characteristic parameters are compared with the preset amplitude threshold. If all peak amplitudes corresponding to the target solid-state battery are less than the preset amplitude threshold, it is determined that there is no interface contact quality anomaly in the target solid-state battery. If there is a target peak amplitude greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold, it is determined that there is an interface contact anomaly. Based on the speed of sound and the flight time corresponding to the target peak amplitude, the specific location of the interface contact anomaly in the target solid-state battery is calculated. This specific location can be located at a certain interface, such as the positive electrode-electrolyte contact interface, the negative electrode-electrolyte contact interface, etc. Alternatively, this specific location can be directly located to the depth of the location of the anomaly within the target solid-state battery.

[0114] By using the amplitude of the wave peak in the ultrasonic reflection signal to characterize the interface contact in solid-state batteries, the above method can accurately detect whether there are interface contact abnormalities in solid-state batteries, and further accurately locate the specific location of the interface contact abnormality, thus achieving high-precision and localizable detection of solid-state battery interface contact.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, the combined transmission and reflection signals are used to analyze whether there are problems with the solid-state battery. Furthermore, for the ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery, a [database / signal] can be generated. Figure 6 The transmitted image shown. For ultrasound reflection signals, it is also possible to generate... Figure 6 The image shown is a reflection tomographic image. The detection system can display both the transmission and reflection tomographic images, from which it can be clearly seen whether there are pores, cracks, or abnormal interface contacts in the target solid-state battery.

[0116] The embodiments of this application are based on the reflection, transmission, and nonlinear response characteristics of ultrasound at solid-solid interfaces. Through multi-dimensional ultrasound signal analysis (including time of flight, peak amplitude, frequency shift, amplitude-frequency, etc.) and joint analysis of transmission / reflection signals, mixed signals can be effectively decoupled. This not only accurately quantifies the density and characterizes the interface contact, but also uniquely and precisely locates the location of the main failure (such as inside the positive electrode layer, the positive electrode-solid electrolyte interface, or the electrolyte-negative electrode interface), solving the pain points of insufficient detection reliability and inability to locate the failure in related technologies.

[0117] By preparing sample batteries with known true densities, a mapping model between transmission characteristic parameters and density is established (i.e., the density model mentioned above). When testing unknown batteries, the system can directly calculate the specific value of its density (e.g., 90%) based on the measured signal using the above model, and perform automated quality grading (e.g., excellent / good / poor) accordingly, providing accurate and quantitative feedback for optimizing process parameters.

[0118] The embodiments of this application also propose an adaptive calibration and compensation mechanism for production lines to ensure the long-term stability and repeatability of the system. The accuracy of ultrasonic testing in production line environments is easily affected by factors such as temperature fluctuations, changes in probe coupling state, and differences in the acoustic properties of materials from different batches. This causes drift in the detection model based on a fixed threshold, requiring frequent manual calibration, which cannot meet the long-term stability and repeatability requirements of unmanned production lines. Some embodiments of this application introduce a built-in reference calibration module and a real-time environmental compensation algorithm. A standard reference block with known and stable acoustic properties is integrated into the testing fixture. Before each test, the system automatically scans this reference block, collects the reference signal under the current environment, and automatically calculates the system error offset caused by environmental changes. In subsequent testing of real batteries, all measurement signals are compensated and corrected in real time using this offset, enabling the system to have self-diagnosis and self-calibration capabilities, significantly improving the robustness of the testing system, and ensuring the long-term stability and ultra-high repeatability of the measurement results.

[0119] The embodiments of this application are based on multi-dimensional ultrasonic testing and signal fusion technology. By combining an adaptive calibration module and a multi-physics coupling design, it is possible to truly characterize the density distribution and interface contact state of solid-state batteries during the manufacturing process. It also provides a quantitative and localizable non-destructive testing solution for the "process optimization - online quality inspection - safety early warning" of solid-state batteries.

[0120] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0121] To facilitate understanding of the solid-state battery testing method provided in this application embodiment, a solid-state battery cell will be used as an example for illustration below.

[0122] A ceramic block with invariant acoustic properties is integrated into a fixture, and its standard transmission characteristic parameters are pre-configured in the detection system. A probe is moved above the ceramic block and emits ultrasonic waves. A reflection receiver receives the reflected ultrasonic signal from the ceramic block, and a transmission receiver receives the transmitted ultrasonic signal passing through the ceramic block. The current transmission characteristic parameters of the ceramic block are obtained based on these transmitted ultrasonic signals. The system deviation is calculated based on the current transmission characteristic parameters and the standard transmission characteristic parameters of the ceramic block.

[0123] The solid-state battery cell to be tested is held by a clamp, and a probe emits ultrasonic waves into the cell. A reflection receiver receives the reflected ultrasonic signal, and a transmission receiver receives the transmitted ultrasonic signal. Reflection characteristic parameters and transmission characteristic parameters are obtained based on the reflected and transmitted ultrasonic signals. The transmission characteristic parameters are then corrected using system bias.

[0124] Using the corrected transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-established density model, the density at different locations of the solid-state battery cell is obtained. If any density is less than or equal to a preset density threshold, the location of the density anomaly is located based on the corrected transmission characteristic parameters. If the density is greater than the preset density threshold, the solid-state battery cell is deemed to have acceptable density.

[0125] The system determines whether the peak amplitude of the reflection characteristic parameters of the solid-state battery cell is less than a preset amplitude threshold. If so, it determines that the solid-state battery cell does not have an interface contact anomaly. If there is a target peak amplitude greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold, it determines that the solid-state battery cell has an interface contact anomaly, and based on the speed of sound and the flight time corresponding to the target peak amplitude, it locates the position of the interface contact anomaly in the solid-state battery cell.

[0126] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0127] Some embodiments of this application provide a testing system for solid-state batteries, which applies the testing methods for solid-state batteries provided in the above embodiments. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the detection system includes a controller 1, a transmitter 2, a reflective receiver 3, a transmissive receiver 4, and a fixture 5; the transmitter 2, reflective receiver 3, and transmissive receiver 4 are all connected to the controller 1. The transmitter 2 and reflective receiver 3 can also be replaced by transceivers with transmitting and receiving functions.

[0128] The clamp 5 is used to hold the target solid-state battery 6; the transmitter 2 is used to emit ultrasonic waves to the target solid-state battery 6; the reflector receiver 3 is used to receive the ultrasonic reflection signal reflected by the target solid-state battery 6; and the transmission receiver 4 is used to receive the ultrasonic transmission signal transmitted by the target solid-state battery 6.

[0129] The controller 1 is used to acquire ultrasonic reflection signals from the reflection receiver 3 and ultrasonic transmission signals from the transmission receiver 4; obtain reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery 6 based on the ultrasonic reflection signals; and obtain transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery 6 based on the ultrasonic transmission signals; detect the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery 6 based on the reflection characteristic parameters; and detect the density of the target solid-state battery 6 based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-built density model.

[0130] The aforementioned fixture 5 integrates a reference block, which is an object with unchanged acoustic properties; the controller 1 is also used to control the transmitter 2 to move above the fixture 5; control the transmitter 2 to emit ultrasonic waves to the reference block in the fixture 5, and receive the transmission signal of the reference block through the transmission receiver 4; based on the transmission signal of the reference block, obtain the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block; based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and the pre-calibrated reference transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block, determine the system deviation; based on the system deviation, correct the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery 6.

[0131] The functions and effects of the controller 1 described above can be found in the descriptions of the aforementioned detection method embodiments. They will not be repeated here.

[0132] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0133] Other embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the solid-state battery detection method of any of the above embodiments.

[0134] like Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 60 may include: a processor 600, a memory 601, a bus 602 and a communication interface 603. The processor 600, the communication interface 603 and the memory 601 are connected through the bus 602. The memory 601 stores a computer program that can run on the processor 600. When the processor 600 runs the computer program, it executes the method provided in any of the foregoing embodiments of this application.

[0135] The memory 601 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between the device network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 603 (which may be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc.

[0136] Bus 602 can be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. Memory 601 stores computer programs. After receiving execution instructions, processor 600 executes the computer program. The methods disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments of this application can be applied to processor 600, or implemented by processor 600.

[0137] The processor 600 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 600 or by instructions in software form. The processor 600 can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an Off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 601. Processor 600 reads the information in memory 601 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0138] The electronic devices and methods provided in the embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods they employ, operate, or implement.

[0139] Other embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement the methods of any of the above embodiments.

[0140] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application and the method provided in the embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods used, operated or implemented therein.

[0141] This application also provides a computer program product corresponding to the method provided in the foregoing embodiments. The computer program product includes a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0142] The computer program products provided in the above embodiments of this application and the methods provided in the embodiments of this application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the methods adopted, run or implemented by the application models stored therein.

[0143] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of detecting a solid-state battery, characterized by, include: Acquire the ultrasonic reflection and ultrasonic transmission signals of the target solid-state battery; Based on the ultrasonic reflection signal, the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained; Furthermore, based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained; The interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the aforementioned reflection characteristic parameters. Based on the transmission signal of the reference block, the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block are obtained; Based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and the pre-calibrated baseline transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block, the system deviation is determined; based on the system deviation, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are corrected; the reference block is an object with unchanged acoustic properties; The density of the target solid-state battery is detected based on the corrected transmission characteristic parameters and the pre-built density model.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The density detection of the target solid-state battery based on the corrected transmission characteristic parameters and the pre-built density model includes: Based on the corrected transmission characteristic parameters and the density model, the density at different locations in the target solid-state battery is determined; the density model is used to represent the mapping relationship between the transmission characteristic parameters and the density. Based on the fact that the density at different locations is greater than a preset density threshold, it is determined that the target solid-state battery does not have a density anomaly. Based on the presence of a target density less than or equal to the preset density threshold at different locations, it is determined that the target solid-state battery has a density anomaly, and the location corresponding to the target density is determined as the target anomaly location.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The process of constructing the density model includes: The density of multiple sample batteries is obtained. The sample batteries and the target solid-state battery use the same material system and preparation process, but the density of different sample batteries is different. The transmission characteristic parameters of each of the sample batteries are collected respectively, and the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, and frequency shift; Based on the transmission characteristic parameters and density of each sample cell, the density model is fitted.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, Before obtaining the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block based on the transmission signal of the reference block, the method further includes: Control the transmitter to move to a position relative to the reference block; The transmitter is controlled to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reference block, and the transmitted signal from the reference block is received by the transmission receiver.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of detecting the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery based on the reflection characteristic parameters includes: Based on the fact that the peak amplitudes of the reflection characteristic parameters are all less than the preset amplitude threshold, it is determined that the target solid-state battery does not have any interface contact quality abnormalities. Based on the presence of a target peak amplitude greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold among the peak amplitudes included in the reflection characteristic parameters, it is determined that the target solid-state battery has an interface contact quality abnormality, and the target interface in the target solid-state battery with the interface contact quality abnormality is located based on the flight time corresponding to the target peak amplitude in the reflection characteristic parameters.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained based on the ultrasonic reflection signal. And, based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained, including: The reflection characteristic parameters are obtained by performing time-domain analysis on the ultrasonic reflection signal; the reflection characteristic parameters include at least one of time of flight and peak amplitude. The ultrasonic transmission signal of the target solid-state battery is subjected to time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis to obtain multiple time-domain features and multiple frequency-domain features respectively; the multiple time-domain features and the multiple frequency-domain features are used as transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery; the transmission characteristic parameters include at least one of amplitude, time of flight, and frequency shift.

7. A detection system of a solid-state battery, characterized by, The detection system employs the detection method for solid-state batteries according to any one of claims 1-6; the detection system includes a controller, a transmitter, a reflector receiver, a transmissor receiver, and a fixture; The clamp is used to hold the target solid-state battery; the transmitter is used to emit ultrasonic waves to the target solid-state battery; the reflection receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic reflection signal reflected by the target solid-state battery; the transmission receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic transmission signal transmitted by the target solid-state battery. The controller is configured to acquire the ultrasonic reflection signal from the reflection receiver and the ultrasonic transmission signal from the transmission receiver; and to obtain the reflection characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery based on the ultrasonic reflection signal. Furthermore, based on the ultrasonic transmission signal, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are obtained; based on the reflection characteristic parameters, the interface contact quality of the target solid-state battery is detected; and based on the transmission characteristic parameters and a pre-constructed density model, the density of the target solid-state battery is detected.

8. The detection system of claim 7, wherein, The fixture integrates a reference block, which is an object with unchanging acoustic properties; The controller is also configured to control the transmitter to move above the fixture; control the transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves to the reference block in the fixture, and receive the transmission signal of the reference block through the transmission receiver; and obtain the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block based on the transmission signal of the reference block. Based on the current transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block and the pre-calibrated baseline transmission characteristic parameters of the reference block, the system deviation is determined; based on the system deviation, the transmission characteristic parameters of the target solid-state battery are corrected.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

11. A computer program product, characterised in that, Includes a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-6.

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