Excitator, motor, generator, and method for manufacturing exciter

Abstract

The invention provides an exciter, a motor, a generator and a manufacturing method of the exciter. The formed magnetic flux density is high, and the assembly work is easy. An exciter includes a first pole pair and a second pole pair including magnets arranged along an arrangement axis, the first pole pair and the second pole pair including: a first main magnet magnetized in a first magnetization direction identical to a magnetic field generation direction; a second main magnet magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction; a first sub-magnet disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction in which the reference direction is inclined toward the first magnetization direction; and a second sub-magnet disposed between the first sub-magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a fourth magnetization direction after the reference direction is tilted toward the second magnetization direction, the first tilt angle of the third magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction being greater than 0 DEG and 55 DEG or less. A second inclination angle of the fourth magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction is greater than 0 DEG and 55 DEG or less.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to excitation, electric motor, generator, and a method for manufacturing excitation. Background Technology

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a linear synchronous motor comprising a mover with coils and a stator in which multiple permanent magnets are arranged in a straight line. In the stator, the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnets are offset by 90° in both the direction of movement of the mover and the orthogonal direction. In this linear synchronous motor, the magnetic flux density formed above the magnet array is increased, and the distribution of the magnetic flux density becomes sinusoidal, reducing fluctuations in the mover thrust. Furthermore, the magnet array described in Patent Document 1 is formed by connecting multiple permanent magnets by interspersing an adhesive and a thin non-magnetic material.

[0003] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-070226

[0004] The magnet array described in Patent Document 1 is also known as a Heilbeck arrangement. A Heilbeck arrangement consists of a main magnet and auxiliary magnets. The main magnet generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mover, while the auxiliary magnets generate a magnetic field parallel to the direction of movement. Between two adjacent auxiliary magnets separated by the main magnet, a strong magnetic repulsion force is generated due to their opposing magnetization directions. Assembling the magnet array in a Heilbeck arrangement requires resisting this magnetic repulsion force simultaneously, resulting in low operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, achieving excitation with high magnetic flux density and ease of assembly has become a technical challenge.

[0006] The excitation method involved in the application example of the present invention has a first pole pair and a second pole pair adjacent to each other. The first pole pair and the second pole pair include a plurality of magnets arranged along an arrangement axis. The excitation generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generating direction orthogonal to the arrangement axis. The first pole pair and the second pole pair include: a first main magnet, which is magnetized in a first magnetization direction in the same direction as the magnetic field generating direction; a second main magnet, which is magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generating direction; and a first auxiliary magnet, which is disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction. When the reference direction is set as the direction parallel to the arrangement axis and from the second main magnet toward the first main magnet, the third magnetization direction is the direction after which the reference direction is tilted toward the first magnetization direction; and the second auxiliary magnet is the magnet disposed between the first auxiliary magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in the fourth magnetization direction, the fourth magnetization direction is the direction after which the reference direction is tilted toward the second magnetization direction, the first tilt angle of the third magnetization direction relative to the reference direction is greater than 0° and less than 55°, and the second tilt angle of the fourth magnetization direction relative to the reference direction is greater than 0° and less than 55°.

[0007] The electric motor according to the application example of the present invention includes: an excitation according to the application example of the present invention; and an armature disposed in the direction of the magnetic field generation of the excitation.

[0008] The generator according to the application example of the present invention includes: an excitation according to the application example of the present invention; and an armature disposed in the direction of the magnetic field generation of the excitation.

[0009] The excitation manufacturing method involved in the application example of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an excitation magnet having a first pole pair and a second pole pair adjacent to each other. The first pole pair and the second pole pair include a plurality of magnets arranged along an arrangement axis. The excitation magnet generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generating direction orthogonal to the arrangement axis. The first pole pair and the second pole pair include: a first main magnet, which is magnetized in a first magnetization direction in the same direction as the magnetic field generating direction; a second main magnet, which is magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generating direction; and a first auxiliary magnet, which is disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction, parallel to the arrangement axis. When the direction from the second main magnet toward the first main magnet is set as the reference direction, the third magnetization direction is the direction after which the reference direction is tilted toward the first magnetization direction; and the second auxiliary magnet is the magnet disposed between the first auxiliary magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in the fourth magnetization direction, the fourth magnetization direction being the direction after which the reference direction is tilted toward the second magnetization direction. In the excitation manufacturing method, the first pole pair and the second pole pair are configured such that the first tilt angle of the third magnetization direction relative to the reference direction is greater than 0° and less than 55°, and the second tilt angle of the fourth magnetization direction relative to the reference direction is greater than 0° and less than 55°. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of a linear motor, which is the electric motor according to the first embodiment.

[0011] Figure 2 Yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram comparing the excitation of the linear motor with that of existing technologies.

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The image shows a magnified view of the excitation process.

[0013] Figure 4 Yes Figure 2 The simulation results of the distribution of magnetic flux density generated by excitation are shown by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the three excitation models.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the relationship between the first and second tilt angles of the excitation set by simulation and the magnetic flux density generated by the excitation.

[0015] Figure 6It is a graph comparing the distribution of magnetic flux density generated by excitation when the first tilt angle and the second tilt angle are set to 0° and the distribution of magnetic flux density generated by excitation when the first tilt angle and the second tilt angle are set to 35°.

[0016] Figure 7 This is a perspective view showing a modified example of the excitation according to the first embodiment.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of an axial clearance motor according to the second embodiment.

[0018] Figure 9 It is shown Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the excitation characteristics of an axial clearance motor.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of a radial clearance motor according to the third embodiment.

[0020] Figure 11 It is shown Figure 10 The diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the excitation characteristics of a radial clearance motor.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a process diagram showing the structure of the excitation manufacturing method according to the fourth embodiment.

[0022] Figure 13 It is used for explanation Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0023] Figure 14 It is used for explanation Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0024] Figure 15 It is used for explanation Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0025] Figure 16 It is used for explanation Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0026] Figure 17 It is used for explanation Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0027] Figure 18 This is a process diagram showing the structure of the excitation manufacturing method according to a variation of the fourth embodiment.

[0028] Figure 19 It is used for explanation Figure 18A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0029] Figure 20 It is used for explanation Figure 18 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0030] Figure 21 It is used for explanation Figure 18 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0031] Figure 22 It is used for explanation Figure 18 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0033] 1A: Linear motor, 1C: Axial clearance motor, 1F: Radial clearance motor, 2: Stator, 3: Excitation, 3a: Excitation, 3b: Excitation, 5: Mover, 6: Armature, 10: Shaft, 32: Magnet, 32a: Magnet, 32b: Magnet, 32c: Magnet, 32d: Magnet, 33: Pole pair, 35: Separator wall, 36: Frame, 38: Back yoke, 62: Core, 63: Tooth, 64: Coil, 321: First main magnet, 322: Second main magnet, 323: First auxiliary magnet, 324: Second auxiliary magnet, 331: First pole pair, 332: Second pole pair, 362: Upper plate, 364: Lower plate, AX1: Alignment shaft, AX2: Opposite shaft, AX3 : Rotation axis, B(θ1, θ2): Magnetic flux density, B(θ1, θ2=0°): Magnetic flux density, B(θ1, θ2=35°): Magnetic flux density, B(NS): Magnetic flux density, B(HB): Magnetic flux density, M: Magnetization direction, M1: First magnetization direction, M2: Second magnetization direction, M3: Third magnetization direction, M4: Fourth magnetization direction, MF: Magnetic field generation direction, S1: Reference direction, S102: Process, S104: Process, S106: Process, S108: Process, S202: Process, S204: Process, S206: Process, S207: Process, S208: Process, θ1: First tilt angle, θ2: Second tilt angle. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Hereinafter, the excitation, motor, generator, and excitation manufacturing method of the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] 1. First Implementation Method

[0036] First, a linear motor, which is the electric motor according to the first embodiment, will be described.

[0037] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of the linear motor 1A, which is the electric motor according to the first embodiment. Figure 2 Yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram comparing the excitation 3 of the linear motor 1A with the excitations 3a and 3b of the prior art.

[0038] It should be noted that in the figures of this specification, the three mutually orthogonal axes are defined as the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. Each axis is indicated by an arrow, with the front end side designated as the "positive side" and the base end side designated as the "negative side." Furthermore, the two directions parallel to the x-axis are called the x-axis directions, and the two directions parallel to the z-axis are called the z-axis directions. Moreover, the positive side of the z-axis is called "up," and the negative side of the z-axis is called "down."

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the linear motor 1A according to the first embodiment includes a stator 2 and a mover 5.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the stator 2 includes an excitation 3 and a back yoke 38. The excitation 3 has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along an arrangement axis AX1 set in the x-axis direction. Figure 1 In the linear motor 1A shown, since the mover 5 is linearly driven along the stator 2, the length of the stator 2 determines the driving range. Therefore, the number of magnets 32 in the excitation 3 is appropriately set according to the driving range and the size of the magnets 32.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the mover 5 includes an armature 6. The armature 6 is positioned relative to the excitation 3 in the z-axis direction. That is, the armature 6 is positioned on the opposing axis AX2 opposite to the excitation 3. The armature 6 has a core 62 and a coil 64, and the core 62 includes teeth 63.

[0042] A predetermined gap is provided between the stator 2 and the mover 5. The mover 5 is linearly driven along the stator 2 in the x-axis direction due to electromagnetic force. It should be noted that the combination of stator and excitation, and mover and armature, can also be reversed. That is, the stator can also have an armature, and the mover can have an excitation.

[0043] Furthermore, in the following explanation, the upward direction of excitation 3 will also be referred to as the "magnetic field generation direction MF". The magnetic field generation direction MF refers to the direction in which an object is positioned to receive the magnetic flux generated by excitation 3; it is the direction relative to excitation 3. Figure 1 In this case, armature 6 becomes the object. The direction of magnetic field generation MF is set as orthogonal to the arrangement axis AX1.

[0044] It should be noted that the linear motor 1A is an electric motor that converts input electrical energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, the linear motor 1A also has the function of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, so it can also be used as a generator. The generator involved in the embodiment also has an excitation 3 and an armature 6 arranged in the magnetic field generation direction MF of the excitation 3, just like the linear motor 1A.

[0045] 1.1. Excitation

[0046] The excitation unit 3 has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. In the following description, the plurality of magnets 32 arranged in a row are also referred to as a magnet column. The magnets 32 are permanent magnets. The magnetization direction of the plurality of magnets 32 is set to change periodically along the arrangement axis AX1.

[0047] Examples of permanent magnets include, but are not limited to, neodymium magnets, ferrite magnets, samarium cobalt magnets, alnico magnets, bonded magnets, etc.

[0048] exist Figure 2 Extract from Figure 1 A portion of the magnet 32 ​​in the excitation 3 shown is illustrated. Additionally, in Figure 2 The diagram also includes magnets 32a and 32b of excitation 3a (equivalent to the prior art) and magnets 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d of excitation 3b (equivalent to the prior art). Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the magnet array cut along a plane (xz plane) that is set to include the arrangement axis AX1 and the opposing axis AX2.

[0049] exist Figure 2 In the diagram, arrows are used to indicate the magnetization directions M of magnets 32, 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d on the inner sides of magnets 32, 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d. Figure 2 In the process, when the magnetization directions M of magnets 32, 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d change periodically along the arrangement axis AX1, the patterns of change are different. Figure 2 The change in the magnetization direction M shown is equivalent to a two-cycle quantity.

[0050] In the excitation 3a equivalent to the prior art, the magnetization directions M of the two magnets 32a and 32b are periodically varied in a pattern known as the NS arrangement. The NS arrangement means that the magnetization directions M of adjacent magnets 32a and 32b are set as parallel to the opposing axis AX2 and in opposite directions. It should be noted that... Figure 2 And the following Figure 4 In the text, the NS arrangement is labeled as "NS".

[0051] In the excitation 3b, which is equivalent to the prior art, the magnetization directions M of the magnets 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d, each of which has two magnets, change periodically in a pattern called HB arrangement (Haelbeck arrangement). In this specification, HB arrangement refers to a magnet array in which, when the magnets 32a and 32b of the NS arrangement are respectively set as main magnets, the auxiliary magnets 32c and 32d are sandwiched between each other, and for example, their magnetization directions are set to rotate 90° sequentially towards the positive x-axis. Thus, the magnetization directions M of the auxiliary magnets 32c and 32d are set to be parallel to the arrangement axis AX1 and opposite to each other. It should be noted that... Figure 2 And the following Figure 4 In this context, the HB arrangement is labeled as "HB".

[0052] In contrast, in the excitation 3 of this embodiment, a repeating unit is constituted by a magnet group consisting of a first main magnet 321, a first auxiliary magnet 323, a second auxiliary magnet 324, and a second main magnet 322 arranged in sequence. In this specification, this repeating unit is referred to as "pole pair 33".

[0053] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of excitation 3 shown.

[0054] Figure 3 The first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322 shown are similar to the magnets 32a and 32b arranged in NS, where the magnetization direction M of the first main magnet 321 is the same as the direction MF that generates the magnetic field, while the magnetization direction M of the second main magnet 322 is opposite to the direction MF that generates the magnetic field.

[0055] Figure 3 The first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 shown are magnets 32 arranged adjacent to each other between the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322. The first auxiliary magnet 323 is disposed on the side of the first main magnet 321, and the second auxiliary magnet 324 is disposed on the side of the second main magnet 322. The magnetization direction M of each of the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 is such that it moves from the second main magnet 322 toward the first main magnet 321. Figure 3 The reference direction S1) is the direction after tilting alone.

[0056] In this specification, the magnet array consisting of magnet groups as described above is referred to as the "New arrangement." It should be noted that... Figure 2 And the following Figure 4 In the text, "New" is marked as "New".

[0057] In the following description, two adjacent pole pairs 33 will be referred to as "first pole pair 331" and "second pole pair 332".

[0058] In the conventional HB arrangement of magnets, magnets 32c and 32d are provided, with their magnetization directions M along the arrangement axis AX1 and in opposite directions. A large magnetic repulsion force is generated between magnets 32c and 32d. Therefore, during the assembly of the HB arrangement, it is necessary to resist this magnetic repulsion force while performing the work, resulting in low work efficiency.

[0059] In contrast, Figure 2 In the New arrangement shown, the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 each have a first auxiliary magnet 323 and a second auxiliary magnet 324, respectively. Their magnetization directions M are respectively set to make... Figure 2 The reference direction S1 shown is tilted individually. Therefore, the magnetic repulsion force generated between the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 can be suppressed sufficiently. In addition, even between the second auxiliary magnet 324 of the first pole pair 331 and the first auxiliary magnet 323 of the second pole pair 332, the magnetic repulsion force is suppressed sufficiently. Therefore, in the pole pairs 33 with the New arrangement, assembly can be easily performed.

[0060] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the lengths of the repeating units in the x-axis direction are made consistent, in the New arrangement, the distance between the second auxiliary magnet 324 of the first pole pair 331 and the first auxiliary magnet 323 of the second pole pair 332 is longer than the distance between magnets 32c and 32d, which serve as auxiliary magnets, in the HB arrangement. Therefore, in the New arrangement, it is easier to suppress the magnetic attraction between pole pairs 33, and even at this point, assembly ease is excellent.

[0061] The following details the first main magnet 321, the second main magnet 322, the first auxiliary magnet 323, and the second auxiliary magnet 324. It should be noted that since the arrangement of magnets 32 is identical in the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332, the following description applies to both. It should also be noted that, preferably, the magnetization directions M of the corresponding magnets 32 in the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 are the same, but they can also be different. Furthermore, the excitation 3 may include pole pairs different from those in the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332.

[0062] 1.1.1. The first main magnet and the second main magnet

[0063] Will Figure 3The magnetization direction M of the first main magnet 321 shown is designated as "first magnetization direction M1". First magnetization direction M1 is the same direction as the magnetic field generation direction MF. It should be noted that "the same direction as the magnetic field generation direction MF" means that the tilt angle relative to the magnetic field generation direction MF is less than 30°. That is to say, in this specification, Figure 3 The arrow indicating the first magnetization direction M1 is tilted towards the positive x-axis within a range of 30° or less, and also tilted towards the negative x-axis within a range of 30° or less, both encompassed in the phrase "the same direction as the magnetic field generation direction MF". Furthermore, this tilt angle is preferably set to 20° or less, and more preferably to 10° or less.

[0064] Will Figure 3 The magnetization direction M of the second main magnet 322 shown is designated as "second magnetization direction M2". The second magnetization direction M2 is the direction opposite to the direction MF that generates the magnetic field. It should be noted that "the direction opposite to the direction MF that generates the magnetic field" means that the tilt angle relative to the opposite direction of MF is less than 30°. That is to say, in this specification, Figure 3 The states in which the arrow representing the second magnetization direction M2 is tilted towards the positive x-axis within a range of 30° or less, and the states in which it is tilted towards the negative x-axis within a range of 30° or less, are both covered in the "direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction MF". In addition, this tilt angle is preferably set to 20° or less, and more preferably to 10° or less.

[0065] The first main magnet 321, the first auxiliary magnet 323, the second auxiliary magnet 324, and the second main magnet 322 are fixed to each other, for example, by an adhesive (not shown). It should be noted that, instead of adhesive, they can also be fixed using components such as a frame. Furthermore, these magnets are also fixed to the back yoke 38, for example, by adhesive. It should be noted that, instead of adhesive, they can also be fixed using a snap-fit ​​structure or the like.

[0066] 1.1.2. The first pair of magnets and the second pair of magnets

[0067] The magnetization direction M of the first magnet 323 is set as "the third magnetization direction M3". Figure 2 The third magnetization direction M3 shown is the direction after tilting the reference direction S1 towards the first magnetization direction M1. Tilting the reference direction S1 towards the first magnetization direction M1 means, for example... Figure 3 As shown, by fixing the base end of the arrow representing the reference direction S1 and moving the front end toward the first magnetization direction M1, the arrow is tilted in the xz plane. At this time, the tilt angle of the third magnetization direction M3 relative to the reference direction S1 is set as the "first tilt angle θ1".

[0068] The first tilt angle θ1 is set to be greater than 0° and less than 55°, preferably greater than 5° and less than 55°, more preferably greater than 10° and less than 55°, further preferably greater than 20° and less than 50°, and particularly preferably greater than 25° and less than 45°.

[0069] The magnetization direction M of the second auxiliary magnet 324 is set as "the fourth magnetization direction M4". Figure 2 The fourth magnetization direction M4 shown is the direction after tilting the reference direction S1 towards the second magnetization direction M2. Tilting the reference direction S1 towards the second magnetization direction M2 means, as... Figure 3 As shown, by fixing the base end of the arrow representing the reference direction S1 and moving the front end toward the second magnetization direction M2, the arrow is tilted in the xz plane. At this time, the tilt angle of the fourth magnetization direction M4 relative to the reference direction S1 is set as the "second tilt angle θ2".

[0070] The second tilt angle θ2 is set to be greater than 0° and less than 55°, preferably greater than 5° and less than 55°, more preferably greater than 10° and less than 55°, further preferably greater than 20° and less than 50°, and particularly preferably greater than 25° and less than 45°.

[0071] If the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are both within the specified range, the magnetic repulsion between the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 can be suppressed to a sufficiently weak level. Therefore, the assembly of the pole pair 33 can be easily performed.

[0072] Furthermore, if the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are both within the stated range, the flow of magnetic flux in the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 can be optimized. Specifically, by optimizing the path of the magnetic circuit formed in the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324, the distribution of magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generating direction MF can be optimized. As a result, the magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generating direction MF can be increased compared to the NS arrangement, and compared to the NS arrangement, the HB arrangement can make the distribution of magnetic flux density closer to a sine wave waveform.

[0073] Figure 4 Yes Figure 2 The simulation results of the magnetic flux density distribution formed by the three excitation models 3, 3a, and 3b are shown through two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The magnetic flux density shown is the value at a position 0.25 mm from the upper surface of excitation elements 3, 3a, and 3b. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The horizontal axis represents the position along the arrangement axis AX1, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux density.

[0074] like Figure 4As shown, the magnetic flux density distribution on the upper surface of the excitation 3a formed in the NS arrangement is a distribution that changes periodically with a waveform close to a rectangular wave.

[0075] Furthermore, the magnetic flux density distribution on the upper surface of the excitation 3b formed in the HB arrangement exhibits a larger amplitude of flux density variation than that in the NS arrangement. In particular, two sharp peaks were identified in the flux density distribution of each pole pair 33 in the HB arrangement.

[0076] In contrast, the maximum amplitude of the magnetic flux density distribution on the upper surface of the excitation 3 formed in the New arrangement is approximately the same as that in the HB arrangement. Therefore, even in the New arrangement, the magnetic flux density is increased compared to the NS arrangement, just like in the HB arrangement. Thus, the New arrangement can solve the technical problems related to assembly operations associated with the magnet array of the HB arrangement while simultaneously achieving a higher magnetic flux density in the magnetic field generation direction MF than the NS arrangement. Furthermore, the increased magnetic flux density can, for example, contribute to increasing the torque of the linear motor 1A or miniaturizing it while maintaining torque. Similarly, the increased magnetic flux density can contribute to increasing the efficiency of the generator or miniaturizing it while maintaining power generation efficiency.

[0077] On the other hand, in the flux density distribution of the HB arrangement, two sharp peaks are identified for each pole pair 33, while in the flux density distribution of the New arrangement, only one sharp peak is identified for each pole pair 33. Therefore, the flux density distribution in the New arrangement, compared to that in the HB arrangement, helps to suppress cogging torque in the linear motor 1A, for example. Furthermore, the flux density distribution in the New arrangement has a shape closer to a sine wave than that in the HB arrangement. Therefore, the flux density distribution in the New arrangement contributes to improving the efficiency of motors and generators.

[0078] Furthermore, by optimizing the aforementioned first tilt angle θ1 and second tilt angle θ2, the magnetic flux density can be significantly improved.

[0079] Figure 5 It is a graph showing the relationship between the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 set for excitation 3, which are obtained through simulation, and the magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2) formed by excitation 3. Figure 5 The horizontal axis represents the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2, which are set to be equal to each other, and the vertical axis represents the effective value of the magnetic flux density. Additionally, in Figure 5In the comparison, the magnetic flux density B (NS) formed by the excitation 3a arranged by NS, the magnetic flux density B (HB) formed by the excitation 3b arranged by HB, and the magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2=0°) formed by the excitation with the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 being 0° are represented by straight lines respectively.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, if the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are gradually increased from θ1, θ2 = 5° to θ1, θ2 = 60°, then in the range above 5° and below 60°, the magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2) is lower than the magnetic flux density B (HB), but exceeds the magnetic flux density B (NS) and the magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2 = 0°).

[0081] Based on the simulation results above, it can be seen that if θ1 and θ2 = 5° or higher and 60° or lower, a sufficiently high magnetic flux density can be obtained. On the other hand, since it is necessary to magnetize the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 at an angle that suppresses their repulsion when they are arranged adjacently, the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are set to be greater than 0° and less than 55°, as mentioned above.

[0082] It should be noted that when both the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are 0°, the magnetic flux density cannot be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, when both the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 exceed the aforementioned upper limit values, the third magnetization direction M3 is too close to the first magnetization direction M1, thus reducing assembly ease. Similarly, the fourth magnetization direction M4 is also too close to the second magnetization direction M2, thus reducing assembly ease.

[0083] Figure 6 It is a graph comparing the distribution of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2=0°) formed by excitation 3 when the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 set to 0° with the distribution of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2=35°) formed by excitation 3 when the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are set to 35°. Figure 6 The horizontal axis represents the position of excitation 3, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux density.

[0084] like Figure 6As shown, the distribution shape of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2 = 35°) is closer to a sine wave than the distribution shape of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2 = 0°). In particular, the shapes of the positive and negative convex portions of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2 = 35°) are nearly symmetrical compared to those of magnetic flux density B (θ1, θ2 = 0°). This improvement in shape helps suppress cogging torque, for example, in a linear motor 1A equipped with excitation 3. Furthermore, it contributes to improved efficiency in motors and generators equipped with excitation 3. It should be noted that this improvement in the distribution shape of magnetic flux density can be achieved within the range of θ1, θ2 = greater than 0° and less than 60°.

[0085] It should be noted that when the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are both 0°, there is a possibility that the efficiency of the motor and generator cannot be fully improved.

[0086] Preferably, the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are the same. This significantly improves the symmetry of the magnetic flux density distribution generated by the excitation 3. As a result, for example, regardless of the driving direction of the linear motor 1A, both high magnetic torque and low cogging torque can be achieved. Furthermore, the efficiency of the motor and generator can be significantly improved. It should be noted that "they are the same" means that the difference is 5° or less.

[0087] Additionally, another auxiliary magnet may be included between the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324. Examples of such an auxiliary magnet include a magnet having a magnetization direction whose tilt angle with respect to the reference direction S1 is smaller than the aforementioned first tilt angle θ1 and second tilt angle θ2.

[0088] Furthermore, the width of the first auxiliary magnet 323 is appropriately set according to the distribution of the target magnetic flux density. For example, it can be wider than both the width of the first main magnet 321 and the width of the second main magnet 322, or they can be equal, but it is preferred to set it to be narrower.

[0089] Similarly, the width of the second auxiliary magnet 324 is appropriately set according to the distribution of the target magnetic flux density. For example, it can be wider than both the width of the first main magnet 321 and the width of the second main magnet 322, or they can be equal, but it is preferred to set it to be narrower.

[0090] This allows for a more optimized distribution of magnetic flux density along the magnetic field generation direction MF. Specifically, it enables a waveform that more closely approximates a sine wave. It should be noted that the "width" mentioned above refers to the width along the arrangement axis AX1.

[0091] 1.2. Back yoke

[0092] Figure 1The back yoke 38 shown is a plate-shaped component that supports the excitation 3 and is provided as needed. By providing the back yoke 38, the magnetic field generated by the excitation 3 can be enhanced.

[0093] As the constituent material of the back yoke 38, a soft magnetic material is preferably used. Examples of soft magnetic materials include block materials such as pure iron, carbon steel, and cast iron, laminates of electromagnetic steel sheets, pressed powder of magnetic powder, and mixtures of electromagnetic steel sheets and magnetic powder.

[0094] 1.3. Armature

[0095] As mentioned above, the armature 6 has a core 62 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1 and a plurality of coils 64. The core 62 has a plurality of teeth 63, and the coils 64 are wound around each tooth 63. It should be noted that there is no particular limitation on the number of teeth 63 and the number of coils 64. In addition, the coils 64 can be directly wound around the teeth 63, or they can be pre-wound onto a spool or the like and then fitted onto the teeth 63.

[0096] 2. Examples of variations in excitation

[0097] Figure 7 This is a perspective view showing a modified example of the excitation 3 according to the first embodiment.

[0098] Figure 7 The modified example shown involves an excitation 3 comprising a first pole pair 331 and a second pole pair 332, and a frame 36 surrounding them. The frame 36 has an upper plate 362 and a lower plate 364 extending along the xy plane, and a partition wall 35 extending along the yz plane and connecting the upper plate 362 and the lower plate 364. The partition wall 35 is disposed between adjacent pole pairs 33. By providing such a frame 36, the pole pairs 33 can be stably fixed. As a result, the stability of the assembled excitation 3 is achieved, and the assembly of the excitation 3 becomes easier, thus improving the efficiency of the assembly operation. In particular, the partition wall 35, which isolates adjacent pole pairs 33 from each other, can further optimize the distribution of magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generation direction MF, and can further improve the ease of assembly.

[0099] Specifically, when the partition wall 35 is provided, the proportion of higher harmonic components in the magnetic flux density distribution can be reduced compared to when it is not provided. On the other hand, even when the partition wall 35 is provided, the first component in the magnetic flux density distribution remains almost unchanged. Thus, by providing the partition wall 35, for example in a linear motor 1A, it is possible to maintain magnetic torque while suppressing cogging torque.

[0100] Furthermore, by providing the partition wall 35, the positions of the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322, which are intended to attract each other, are easily fixed during assembly. Therefore, it becomes easier to insert the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 into the frame 36, and assembly accuracy is improved. Thus, by providing the partition wall 35, assembly ease is enhanced.

[0101] The material constituting the partition wall 35 can be magnetic, but a non-magnetic material is preferred. A non-magnetic material is defined as a material with a relative permeability of 1.0 or higher and 2.0 or lower. Furthermore, the relative permeability of the non-magnetic material is preferably 1.0 or higher and 1.2 or lower. By using a non-magnetic material, the magnetic reluctance caused by the partition wall 35 can be reduced in the magnetic circuit passing through the excitation 3, thus further optimizing the distribution of magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generation direction MF.

[0102] Examples of non-magnetic materials include, for example, non-magnetic stainless steel, aluminum or its alloys, titanium or its alloys, ceramic materials, resin materials such as engineering plastics, and composite materials such as fiber-reinforced composites.

[0103] The thickness of the partition wall 35 in the extension direction of the arrangement axis AX1 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1% to 20% of the width of the pole pair 33, more preferably 1% to 15%, and even more preferably 3% to 10%. Thus, even when the partition wall 35 is provided, it is possible to maintain the ratio of the first harmonic component while suppressing the increase in the ratio of the higher harmonic components.

[0104] It should be noted that partition wall 35 can be set as needed or omitted.

[0105] The upper plate 362 and the lower plate 364 support the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332. This prevents the magnets 32 from rotating or flying off in the z-axis direction due to mutual magnetic attraction or repulsion, especially during assembly. Therefore, assembly ease is improved.

[0106] Figure 7 The frame 36 shown at least surrounds the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332. Surrounding means that at least the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 are housed inside the frame 36. With this structure, the integrity of the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 can be easily improved, thus improving the assembly efficiency of the excitation 3 and its post-manufacturing stability.

[0107] In addition, the frame 36 also helps to improve the flatness of the upper and lower surfaces of the excitation 3. By improving flatness, for example, it is possible to make Figure 1The closer proximity of the stator 2 and the mover 5 allows for higher torque or smaller size of the linear motor 1A. Furthermore, it improves the generator's power generation efficiency.

[0108] The material of the frame 36 is not particularly limited and can also be magnetic, but in particular, the partition wall 35 is preferably non-magnetic, as mentioned above. By using a non-magnetic material, leakage flux to the adjacent pole-opposite side can be suppressed, thus further optimizing the distribution of magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generation direction MF.

[0109] Furthermore, the partition wall 35, upper plate 362, and lower plate 364, which are part of the frame 36, can also be separate components, but are preferably integrated components that are connected to each other. During assembly, the partition wall 35, upper plate 362, and lower plate 364 fix the position of the magnet 32, preventing it from rotating or flying out due to mutual magnetic attraction or repulsion. This further improves the assembly efficiency of the excitation 3.

[0110] Furthermore, the partition wall 35, upper plate 362, and lower plate 364 can resist centrifugal force and inertial force to support the pole pair 33 during the rotational and reciprocating motion of the excitation 3, thus further improving the speed and acceleration of the motion. As a result, the fixing ability of the magnet 32 ​​and the supporting ability of the pole pair 33 are further improved, further enhancing assembly efficiency, motion speed, and acceleration. In addition, the number of parts can be reduced, thus further improving the assembly efficiency of the excitation 3. It should be noted that the frame 36 can be provided only as needed and can also be omitted.

[0111] 3. Second Implementation Method

[0112] Next, the axial clearance motor according to the second embodiment will be described.

[0113] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of the axial clearance motor 1C, which is the motor according to the second embodiment. Figure 9 It is shown Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of the excitation 3 of the axial clearance motor 1C.

[0114] The second embodiment will now be described, but the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and identical details will be omitted. It should be noted that in the following figures, the same reference numerals are used to label the same structures as in the first embodiment.

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown, the axial clearance motor 1C has a shaft 10 extending along the rotation axis AX3 and a stator 2 and a mover 5 (rotor) arranged along the shaft 10.

[0116] The stator 2 has an armature 6. The armature 6 has a core 62 and coils 64. The number of coils 64 is appropriately set according to the number of phases of the current flowing through the coils 64, the excitation 3, and other conditions.

[0117] The mover 5 has an excitation 3 and a back yoke 38. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the excitation 3 has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. The arrangement axis AX1 is set to rotate about the rotation axis AX3. The number of magnets 32 in the excitation 3 is appropriately set according to the number of coils 64 and other conditions.

[0118] exist Figure 8 In the axial clearance motor 1C shown, the mover 5 is driven to rotate about the rotation axis AX3. Furthermore, the mover 5 is connected to the shaft 10. If the mover 5 is driven to rotate, the shaft 10 rotates accordingly.

[0119] It should be noted that the combinations of stator and armature, and rotor and excitation, can also be reversed. That is, the stator can have excitation, while the rotor has armature.

[0120] Figure 9 The excitation 3 shown has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. If cut along a surface (curved surface) that is configured to include the arrangement axis AX1 and the opposing axis AX2... Figure 9 The excitation 3 shown can then be compared with... Figure 2 The excitation 3 shown is the same cross-sectional view as the excitation 3 in the first embodiment. Except for the type of motor used, the excitation 3 in the second embodiment is the same as the excitation 3 in the first embodiment.

[0121] Figure 9 The excitation 3 shown also features a New arrangement of magnets, facilitating easy assembly. Furthermore, this excitation 3 contributes to achieving a high-torque axial clearance motor 1C or a miniaturized axial clearance motor 1C without loss of torque. Moreover, the distribution of magnetic flux density in the New arrangement helps, for example, suppress cogging torque in the axial clearance motor 1C.

[0122] Furthermore, the axial clearance motor 1C is an electric motor that converts input electrical energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, since the axial clearance motor 1C also has the function of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, it can also be used as a generator. The generator according to the embodiment also has an excitation 3 and an armature 6 arranged in the magnetic field generation direction MF of the excitation 3, just like the axial clearance motor 1C. The excitation 3 can contribute to the high efficiency of the generator or to miniaturization while maintaining power generation efficiency.

[0123] In the second embodiment described above, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0124] 4. Third Implementation Method

[0125] Next, the radial clearance motor according to the third embodiment will be described.

[0126] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing a simplified structure of the radial clearance motor 1F, which is the motor according to the third embodiment. Figure 11 It is shown Figure 10 The diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the excitation 3 of the radial clearance motor 1F.

[0127] The third embodiment will now be described, but the description will focus on the differences from the first and second embodiments, and similar items will be omitted. It should be noted that in the following figures, the same reference numerals are used to label the same structures as in the first and second embodiments.

[0128] like Figure 10 As shown, the radial clearance motor 1F includes a shaft 10 extending along the rotation axis AX3 and a stator 2 and a mover 5 (rotor) arranged opposite each other in the radial direction of the shaft 10.

[0129] Stator 2 has excitation 3 and back yoke 38. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the excitation 3 has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. The number of magnets 32 in the excitation 3 is appropriately set according to the number of coils 64 and other conditions.

[0130] The mover 5 has an armature 6. The armature 6 has a core 62 and a coil 64.

[0131] exist Figure 10 In the radial clearance motor 1F shown, the mover 5 is driven to rotate about the rotation axis AX3. Furthermore, the mover 5 is connected to the shaft 10. If the mover 5 is driven to rotate, the shaft 10 rotates accordingly.

[0132] It should be noted that the combinations of stator and excitation, and rotor and armature, can also be reversed. That is, the stator can have an armature, while the rotor can have an excitation. Alternatively, the armature can be positioned outside the excitation 3. In this case, the direction of magnetic field generation MF is also set to face outwards from the excitation 3.

[0133] Figure 11 The excitation 3 shown has a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. If cut along a plane (a plane orthogonal to the z-axis) that is configured to include the arrangement axis AX1 and the opposing axis AX2... Figure 11 The magnet 32 ​​shown can then be used to obtain a similar result to... Figure 2The excitation 3 shown is the same cross-sectional view as the excitation 3 in the first embodiment. Except for the type of motor used, the excitation 3 in the third embodiment is the same as the excitation 3 in the first embodiment.

[0134] Figure 11 The excitation 3 shown also features a New arrangement of magnets, facilitating easy assembly. Furthermore, this excitation 3 contributes to achieving a high-torque radial clearance motor 1F or a miniaturized radial clearance motor 1F without loss of torque. Moreover, the distribution of magnetic flux density in the New arrangement helps, for example, suppress cogging torque in the radial clearance motor 1F.

[0135] Furthermore, the radial clearance motor 1F is an electric motor that converts input electrical energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, since the radial clearance motor 1F also has the function of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, it can also be used as a generator. The generator according to the embodiment also has an excitation 3 and an armature 6 arranged in the magnetic field generation direction MF of the excitation 3, just like the radial clearance motor 1F. The excitation 3 can help to increase the efficiency of the generator or to reduce its size while maintaining power generation efficiency.

[0136] In this third embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0137] 5. Fourth Implementation Method

[0138] Next, the method for manufacturing the excitation according to the fourth embodiment will be described.

[0139] Figure 12 This is a process diagram showing the structure of the excitation manufacturing method according to the fourth embodiment. Figures 13 to 17 It is used for explanation Figure 12 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method for the excitation device. It should be noted that in the following description, the manufacturing process is described using... Figure 2 The method of excitation 3 shown is used as an example for explanation.

[0140] The fourth embodiment will now be described, but the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment, and similar items will be omitted. It should be noted that in the figures, the same reference numerals are used to label the same structures as in the first embodiment.

[0141] Figure 12 The manufacturing method of the excitation 3 shown includes: step S102 of configuring the first main magnet 321, step S104 of configuring the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324, step S106 of configuring the second main magnet 322, and step S108 of determining whether all magnets have been configured.

[0142] In process S102, such as Figure 13 As shown, a back yoke 38 is prepared, and a first main magnet 321 is disposed on its upper surface. The first main magnet 321 can be fixed to the back yoke 38, for example, using an adhesive. Alternatively, an engaging portion for engaging with the first main magnet 321 can be provided on the back yoke 38 as needed. This improves positioning accuracy. It should be noted that the above also applies to the first auxiliary magnet 323, the second auxiliary magnet 324, and the second main magnet 322.

[0143] In process S104, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first auxiliary magnet 323 is configured to be adjacent to the first main magnet 321, and the second auxiliary magnet 324 is configured to be adjacent to the first auxiliary magnet 323.

[0144] It should be noted that the first set of magnets 323 and the second set of magnets 324 can also be fixed together beforehand and then configured. This prevents either the first set of magnets 323 or the second set of magnets 324 from being reversed, thus improving the ease of assembly.

[0145] In process S106, such as Figure 15 As shown, the second main magnet 322 is configured to be adjacent to the second auxiliary magnet 324.

[0146] In step S108, it is determined whether all magnets 32 have been configured. If all magnets 32 have been configured, the process ends. On the other hand, if there are still unconfigured magnets 32, the process returns to step S102. Then, steps S102 to S106 are repeated until all magnets 32 have been configured.

[0147] For example, in the second and subsequent steps S102, such as Figure 16 As shown, the first main magnet 321 is configured to be adjacent to the existing second main magnet 322.

[0148] Furthermore, in the second and subsequent processes S104, such as Figure 17 As shown, the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 are configured to be adjacent to the first main magnet 321. At this time, Figure 17 The magnetization directions M of the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 of the first pole pair 331 and the second auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 of the second pole pair 332 include components in the same direction. That is, each magnetization direction M is from... Figure 3 The reference direction S1 is tilted in the direction shown. Therefore, even if magnetic repulsion is generated during assembly, it can be suppressed weakly enough to enable efficient assembly.

[0149] Furthermore, in the second and subsequent steps S106, the second main magnet 322 is configured to be adjacent to the second auxiliary magnet 324 configured in the previous step S104.

[0150] By manufacturing as described above, an excitation 3 with multiple pole pairs 33 along the arrangement axis AX1 can be obtained. It should be noted that the process sequence is not limited to the above. For example, the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322 can be configured first, and then the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 can be configured between them.

[0151] Figure 18 This is a process diagram showing the structure of the excitation manufacturing method according to a variation of the fourth embodiment. Figures 19 to 22 These are for explanation Figure 18 A cross-sectional view of the manufacturing method of the excitation shown.

[0152] The following description focuses on variations of the previous embodiment, but will concentrate on the differences from the fourth embodiment, omitting details that are identical to those described previously. It should be noted that... Figures 19 to 21 In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for structures that are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.

[0153] Figure 18 The manufacturing method of the excitation 3 shown includes: a step S202 of preparing the frame 36, a step S204 of arranging the first main magnet 321, a step S206 of arranging the second main magnet 322, a step S207 of merging the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 into one unit, and a step S208 of arranging the merged first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 into one unit.

[0154] In process S202, prepare as follows Figure 19 The frame 36 shown. The frame 36 can be a single unit representing the entire excitation 3, or it can be divided into units based on each pole pair 33, as shown below. Figure 19 As shown, it can also be divided into 33 for every multiple pole pairs.

[0155] In process S204, such as Figure 20 As shown, a first main magnet 321 is disposed on the inner side of the frame 36. Figure 20 As shown, the first main magnet 321 is arranged along the partition wall 35. The first main magnet 321 can be fixed to the frame 36, for example, using an adhesive. Alternatively, a locking portion for engaging with the first main magnet 321 can be provided in the frame 36 as needed. This improves positioning accuracy. It should be noted that these considerations also apply to the first auxiliary magnet 323, the second auxiliary magnet 324, and the second main magnet 322.

[0156] In process S206, such as Figure 20 As shown, a second main magnet 322 is disposed on the inner side of the frame 36. Figure 20 As shown, the second main magnet 322 is arranged along the partition wall 35. At this time, the second main magnet 322 generates a magnetic attraction with the first main magnet 321 across the partition wall 35. Therefore, the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322 attract each other and are fixed in place, which improves the positional accuracy of both and also increases operational efficiency.

[0157] In process S207, such as Figure 21 As shown, the first set of magnets 323 and the second set of magnets 324 are pre-assembled and fixed together. When the magnetic attraction force is used, the first set of magnets 323 and the second set of magnets 324 can be attracted in the target posture respectively, thereby preventing either one from reversing and improving work efficiency. It should be noted that the position of this process S207 is not limited to Figure 18 The position shown can be before process S202, between process S202 and process S204, or between process S204 and process S206.

[0158] In process S208, such as Figure 22 As shown, the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324, which are integrated into one unit, are arranged inside the frame 36. The magnetization directions M of the integrated first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 are directions in which magnetic repulsion is unlikely to occur between adjacent pole pairs 33. Furthermore, the distance between adjacent pole pairs 33 of the integrated first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 is sufficiently large. Therefore, the magnetic repulsion generated in the integrated first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 is suppressed to a small extent, which can easily improve the efficiency of assembly. In addition, by providing a partition wall 35 between the pole pairs 33, the probability of the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 attracting between the pole pairs 33 can be reduced. By manufacturing in this way, a... Figure 22 The pole pair shown is 33.

[0159] It should be noted that in process S208, it is also possible to first arrange the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 with a gap of one pole pair 33, and then arrange the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 on the remaining pole pairs 33. In this case, the distance between the desired arrangement of the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 can be further ensured, and the probability of accidental attraction can be further reduced.

[0160] Alternatively, pole pairs 33 can be prefabricated, and after being fixed by bonding with adhesive or molding with resin, the resulting components can be inserted into the frame 36 to obtain excitation 3.

[0161] 6. Effects achieved by the aforementioned implementation methods

[0162] As described above, the excitation 3 in the aforementioned embodiment includes a first pole pair 331 and a second pole pair 332 adjacent to each other. The first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 include a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along the arrangement axis AX1. The excitation 3 generates a magnetic field in the magnetic field generating direction MF, which is orthogonal to the arrangement axis AX1. The first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 include a first main magnet 321, a second main magnet 322, a first auxiliary magnet 323, and a second auxiliary magnet 324. The first main magnet 321 is a magnet 32 ​​magnetized in a first magnetization direction M1, which is the same as the magnetic field generating direction MF. The second main magnet 322 is a magnet 32 ​​magnetized in a second magnetization direction M2, which is opposite to the magnetic field generating direction MF. The first auxiliary magnet 323 is a magnet 32 ​​disposed between the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322, and magnetized in the third magnetization direction M3. When the reference direction S1 is set as the direction parallel to the arrangement axis AX1 and from the second main magnet 322 toward the first main magnet 321, the third magnetization direction M3 is the direction in which the reference direction S1 is tilted toward the first magnetization direction M1. The second auxiliary magnet 324 is a magnet 32 ​​disposed between the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second main magnet 322, and magnetized in the fourth magnetization direction M4. The fourth magnetization direction M4 is the direction in which the reference direction S1 is tilted toward the second magnetization direction M2.

[0163] Furthermore, the first tilt angle θ1 of the third magnetization direction M3 relative to the reference direction S1 is greater than 0° and less than 55°. Additionally, the second tilt angle θ2 of the fourth magnetization direction M4 relative to the reference direction S1 is greater than 0° and less than 55°.

[0164] This structure allows for the generation of an excitation 3 with high magnetic flux density and ease of assembly. Furthermore, the structure optimizes the distribution of the magnetic flux density generated by the excitation 3. Therefore, for example, it enables the development of small and efficient electric motors or generators with suppressed cogging torque.

[0165] In the excitation 3 involved in the aforementioned embodiments, the first tilt angle θ1 and the second tilt angle θ2 are the same as each other.

[0166] This structure significantly improves the symmetry of the magnetic flux density distribution generated by excitation 3. Therefore, for example, it allows for the development of motors that can achieve both high magnetic torque and low cogging torque regardless of the driving direction.

[0167] In the excitation 3 involved in the aforementioned embodiment, the first tilt angle θ1 is 20° or more and 50° or less.

[0168] This structure optimizes the flow of magnetic flux in excitation 3. As a result, the magnetic flux density generated in the magnetic field generation direction MF is higher than that of the NS arrangement, and the distribution of magnetic flux density is closer to a sine wave compared to the NS and HB arrangements.

[0169] In the excitation 3 described in the aforementioned embodiment, the second tilt angle θ2 is 20° or more and 50° or less.

[0170] This structure optimizes the flow of magnetic flux in excitation 3. As a result, the magnetic flux density generated in the magnetic field generation direction MF is higher than that of the NS arrangement, and the distribution of magnetic flux density is closer to a sine wave compared to the NS and HB arrangements.

[0171] In the excitation 3 of the aforementioned embodiment, a partition wall 35 is provided, which is disposed between the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332.

[0172] With this structure, the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322 are fixed to each other by magnetic attraction through the partition wall 35, which improves the positional accuracy of both and also increases operational efficiency. Furthermore, the partition wall 35 optimizes the distribution of magnetic flux density in the magnetic field generation direction MF. Specifically, compared to the case without the partition wall 35, it reduces the proportion of second-order and higher harmonic components in the magnetic flux density distribution.

[0173] In the excitation 3 described in the aforementioned embodiments, the partition wall 35 is made of a non-magnetic material.

[0174] With this structure, leakage flux to the adjacent pole opposite side can be suppressed, thus further optimizing the distribution of magnetic flux density formed in the magnetic field generation direction MF.

[0175] In the excitation 3 of the aforementioned embodiment, a frame 36 is provided, which surrounds the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332, and has a partition wall 35.

[0176] This structure easily improves the integration of the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332, thus enhancing the assembly efficiency and post-manufacturing stability of the excitation magnet 3. Furthermore, the frame 36 helps improve the flatness of the upper and lower surfaces of the excitation magnet 3. By improving flatness, for example, it is possible to... Figure 1 The distance between the stator 2 and the mover 5 shown is closer, which enables the high torque or miniaturization of motors and the like.

[0177] The electric motor according to the aforementioned embodiment includes: an excitation 3 according to the aforementioned embodiment, and an armature 6 disposed in the magnetic field generating direction MF of the excitation 3.

[0178] With this structure, an electric motor can be obtained that achieves both high magnetic torque or sustained torque while being miniaturized and easy to assemble.

[0179] The generator according to the aforementioned embodiment includes: an excitation 3 according to the aforementioned embodiment, and an armature 6 disposed in the magnetic field generating direction MF of the excitation 3.

[0180] With this structure, a generator can be obtained that can achieve both high power generation efficiency and miniaturization while maintaining power generation efficiency, as well as ease of assembly.

[0181] The excitation manufacturing method described in the foregoing embodiments is a method for manufacturing an excitation magnet. The excitation magnet has a first pole pair 331 and a second pole pair 332 adjacent to each other. The first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 include a plurality of magnets 32 arranged along an arrangement axis AX1. The excitation generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generating direction MF orthogonal to the arrangement axis AX1. The first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 include a first main magnet 321, a second main magnet 322, a first auxiliary magnet 323, and a second auxiliary magnet 324. The first main magnet 321 is a magnet 32 ​​magnetized in a first magnetization direction M1 that is the same as the magnetic field generating direction MF. The second main magnet 322 is a magnet 32 ​​magnetized in a second magnetization direction M2 that is opposite to the magnetic field generating direction MF. The first auxiliary magnet 323 is a magnet 32 ​​disposed between the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322, and magnetized in the third magnetization direction M3. When the reference direction S1 is set as the direction parallel to the arrangement axis AX1 and from the second main magnet 322 toward the first main magnet 321, the third magnetization direction M3 is the direction in which the reference direction S1 is tilted toward the first magnetization direction M1. The second auxiliary magnet 324 is a magnet 32 ​​disposed between the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second main magnet 322, and magnetized in the fourth magnetization direction M4. The fourth magnetization direction M4 is the direction in which the reference direction S1 is tilted toward the second magnetization direction M2.

[0182] Furthermore, the first pole pair 331 and the second pole pair 332 are configured such that the first tilt angle θ1 of the third magnetization direction M3 relative to the reference direction S1 is greater than 0° and less than 55°, and the second tilt angle θ2 of the fourth magnetization direction M4 relative to the reference direction S1 is greater than 0° and less than 55°.

[0183] With this structure, it is possible to efficiently manufacture an excitation field 3 with a high flux density. Furthermore, the manufactured excitation field 3 can form a flux density with an optimized distribution, thus enabling, for example, motors with suppressed cogging torque or generators with improved power generation efficiency.

[0184] In the excitation manufacturing method according to the aforementioned embodiment, the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324 are fixed to each other in advance. Then, the first auxiliary magnet 323 and the second auxiliary magnet 324, which are fixed to each other, are arranged between the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322.

[0185] This structure prevents either the first magnet 323 or the second magnet 324 from reversing, thus improving ease of assembly.

[0186] The excitation, motor, generator, and excitation manufacturing method of the present invention have been described above based on the illustrated embodiments or variations thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0187] For example, in each of the excitation, motor and generator of the present invention, the parts of the aforementioned embodiments can be replaced with any structure having the same function, or any structure can be added to the aforementioned embodiments.

[0188] In addition, in the excitation manufacturing method of the present invention, any steps for any purpose may be added to the aforementioned embodiments.

Claims

1. An excitation characterized by, The magnet excitation has a first pole pair and a second pole pair adjacent to each other, the first pole pair and the second pole pair include a plurality of magnets arranged along an arrangement axis, and the magnet excitation generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generation direction orthogonal to the arrangement axis, The first pole pair and the second pole pair include: a first main magnet, which is the magnet magnetized in a first magnetization direction identical to the magnetic field generation direction; a second main magnet, which is the magnet magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction; a first sub-magnet, which is the magnet arranged between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction, when a direction parallel to the arrangement axis and from the second main magnet toward the first main magnet is set as a reference direction, the third magnetization direction is a direction in which the reference direction is tilted toward the first magnetization direction; and a second sub-magnet, which is the magnet arranged between the first sub-magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a fourth magnetization direction, the fourth magnetization direction is a direction in which the reference direction is tilted toward the second magnetization direction, the first tilt angle of the third magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction is greater than 0° and is 55° or less, the second tilt angle of the fourth magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction is greater than 0° and is 55° or less.

2. The magnet excitation according to claim 1, wherein the first tilt angle and the second tilt angle are identical to each other.

3. The magnet excitation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first tilt angle is 20° or more and 50° or less.

4. The magnet excitation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second tilt angle is 20° or more and 50° or less.

5. The magnet excitation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnet excitation has a partition wall provided between the first pole pair and the second pole pair.

6. The magnet excitation according to claim 5, wherein a material constituting the partition wall is a non-magnetic body.

7. The magnet excitation according to claim 5, wherein the magnet excitation has a frame body surrounding the first pole pair and the second pole pair and having the partition wall.

8. An electric motor characterized by The magnet excitation according to claim 1 or 2; and an armature arranged in the magnetic field generation direction of the magnet excitation. The magnet excitation according to claim 1 or 2; and 9. An electric generator characterized by an armature arranged in the magnetic field generation direction of the magnet excitation. The magnet excitation has a first pole pair and a second pole pair adjacent to each other, the first pole pair and the second pole pair include a plurality of magnets arranged along an arrangement axis, and the magnet excitation generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generation direction orthogonal to the arrangement axis, The first pole pair and the second pole pair include:

10. A method of manufacturing an excitation, characterized by a first main magnet, which is the magnet magnetized in a first magnetization direction identical to the magnetic field generation direction; a second main magnet, which is the magnet magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction; ​ ​ The first sub-magnet is the magnet disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction, and when a direction parallel to the arrangement axis and from the second main magnet toward the first main magnet is set as a reference direction, the third magnetization direction is a direction in which the reference direction is inclined toward the first magnetization direction; and The second sub-magnet is the magnet disposed between the first sub-magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a fourth magnetization direction, and the fourth magnetization direction is a direction in which the reference direction is inclined toward the second magnetization direction. In the manufacturing method of the excitation, the first pole pair and the second pole pair are disposed such that a first inclination angle of the third magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction is greater than 0° and is 55° or less, and a second inclination angle of the fourth magnetization direction with respect to the reference direction is greater than 0° and is 55° or less.

11. The manufacturing method of the excitation according to claim 10, wherein After the first sub-magnet and the second sub-magnet are fixed to each other in advance, the first sub-magnet and the second sub-magnet fixed to each other are disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet.

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