Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and device. The method is applied to a first device and comprises the steps that a first signal X is determined, the first signal X comprises N sensing signal groups, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 1; a first signal X is sent to a second device through N first ports, the N first ports are in one-to-one correspondence with the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers; a second signal Y is received through one second port, the second signal Y is obtained by reflecting the first signal X through the wireless channel, and one second port corresponds to N subcarriers; and determining a first channel coefficient H according to the first signal X and the second signal Y, wherein the first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel. Through the implementation, the first device can determine the first signal X based on the corresponding situation, so that the requirements of different scenes are met, the communication performance or perception performance is expected to be improved, and the communication or perception requirements are better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of communication and wireless sensing technologies, the integration of communication and wireless sensing technologies—that is, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)—has become a popular research direction. In a wireless sensing system, the wireless signals transmitted by the communication device simultaneously possess sensing and communication capabilities. For example, the transmitting end can send sensing signals to the receiving end for sensing measurements, enabling the sensing of targets, such as the surrounding environment, the speed of moving objects, and distance. Communication often pursues high transmission efficiency, or high spectrum utilization, while sensing pursues high detection accuracy of the sensing target; these two needs are often contradictory. Therefore, how to balance transmission efficiency and detection accuracy in ISAC is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a communication method and apparatus to improve communication and sensing performance and enhance the user experience in ISAC scenarios.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method for a first device, comprising: determining a first signal X, wherein the first signal X comprises N sensing signal groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0005] The first signal X is transmitted to the second device through N first ports, wherein each of the N first ports corresponds to one of the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers.

[0006] A second signal Y is received through one second port. The second signal Y is obtained by reflecting the first signal X through a wireless channel. The one second port corresponds to the N subcarriers.

[0007] A first channel coefficient H is determined based on the first signal X and the second signal Y. The first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel.

[0008] The second signal Y and the first signal X satisfy:

[0009]

[0010] in, k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers, x i(k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer;

[0011] Wherein, the first signal X includes any one of the following:

[0012] or,

[0013] or,

[0014] Where any element x i (k) ≠ 0 or 1; or,

[0015]

[0016] Through the above implementation, the first device can determine the first signal X from the four designs mentioned above (i.e., X can be selected from designs A, B, C, and D) based on the corresponding situation, thereby adapting to the needs of different scenarios and improving the user experience under ISAC. For example, in high-speed scenarios, X=A is selected; in high-sensitivity or channel estimation scenarios, X=D is selected; and in the default scenario, X=B or C is selected.

[0017] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal specifically includes:

[0018] When N=1, the first signal X=A is determined;

[0019] When N is an even number, the first signal X is determined to be A, B, C, or D.

[0020] When N is an odd number, the determined first signal X includes X1 output from any one of the first ports, and X2, X3, X4...X1 output from the remaining N-1 first ports respectively. N Where X1 = A, X2, X3, X4…X N =A or B or C or D.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: performing a process on the first element of the N*N elements contained in A. Phase rotation, wherein the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

[0022] Through the above implementation, A can be made a non-singular matrix, that is, A has an inverse matrix Ai. -1 This ensures the accuracy of sensing or channel estimation.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: setting a first element among the N*N elements contained in A to zero, wherein the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

[0024] Through the above implementation, A can be made a non-singular matrix, that is, A has an inverse matrix Ai. -1 This ensures the accuracy of sensing or channel estimation.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: performing power boosting on the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element among the N*N elements.

[0026] In one possible implementation, B, C, and D satisfy the following conditions:

[0027] B*B H =F1 or B H *B = F1'; and / or, B *B T =R1 or B T *B = R1'; where F1, F1', R1, and R1' are all diagonal matrices;

[0028] C*C H =F2 or C H *C = F2'; and / or, C *C T =R2 or C T *C = R2'; where F2, F2', R2, and R2' are all diagonal matrices;

[0029] D*D H =F3 or D H *D = F3'; and / or, D*D T =R3 or D T *D = R3'; where F3, F3', R3, and R3' are all diagonal matrices;

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first signal X is transmitted over one codeword; wherein the N first ports belong to the same CDM group.

[0031] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X includes: determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword.

[0032] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0033] When it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0,9], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0,4], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0,14], the first signal X is determined to be D;

[0034] When it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [10,16], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [5,10], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [15,20], the first signal X = B or X = C is determined.

[0035] When it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [17,28], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [11,27], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [21,28], the first signal X = A is determined.

[0036] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X includes: determining the first signal X according to the MCSmodulation order corresponding to the codeword.

[0037] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X based on the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0038] When the MCS modulation order is 2, the first signal X is determined to be D;

[0039] When the MCS modulation order is 4 or 6, the first signal X is determined to be either B or X=C;

[0040] When the MCS modulation order is 8, the first signal X is determined to be A.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the codeword is one of a plurality of codewords, the MCS index or MCS modulation order of which is lower than the MCS index or MCS modulation order of the other codewords.

[0042] In one possible implementation, when the first signal X is transmitted over M codewords, the N first ports include n1 first ports belonging to the first CDM group, n2 first ports belonging to the second CDM group, ... and n first ports belonging to the MCDM group. n There are n1+n2+n3+…n ports; where n1+n2+n3+…n n =N, where M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0043] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X includes: determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword.

[0044] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0045] The M MCS indices corresponding to the M codewords are sorted in ascending order of index size. For the first P codewords, X1, X2...X are determined respectively. P Where X1, X2…X P =B or C or D;

[0046] For the last MP codewords, determine X respectively. P+1 X P+2 …X M , where X P+1 X P+2 …X M =A; where the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3...X M .

[0047] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X includes: determining the first signal X according to the MCSmodulation order corresponding to the codeword.

[0048] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X based on the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0049] The M MCS modulation orders corresponding to the M codewords are sorted in ascending order of their order. For the first P codewords, X1, X2...X are determined respectively. P Where X1, X2…X P =B or C or D;

[0050] For the last MP codewords, determine X respectively. P+1X P+2 …X M , where X P+1 X P+2 …X M =A;

[0051] Wherein, the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3…X M .

[0052] In one possible implementation, the first port is different from the second port, or the second port is any one of the first ports.

[0053] In a second aspect, this application provides a communication device, comprising: a processor for executing a computer program or instructions stored in a memory; the memory for storing the computer program or instructions; and when the computer program or instructions are executed by the processor, the method in the first aspect described above is implemented.

[0054] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions such that when a computer runs the computer program or instructions, the method in the first aspect described above is implemented.

[0055] Fourthly, this application provides a computer program product comprising methods for performing the methods described in the first aspect above.

[0056] Fifthly, this application provides a communication system, the system comprising a first device and a second device; the first device is used to implement the method in the first aspect described above; the second device is used to receive the first signal X.

[0057] Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can be further combined to provide more implementations. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figures 1 to 4b This is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the sensing reference signal and the data signal is presented;

[0060] Figure 6 The diagram shown is an interactive flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme for sensing signals output from two ports provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 The figure shown is a comparison of the sensing or channel estimation accuracy under four design schemes of the first signal X provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Figure 9 The diagram shows a transmission scheme for sensing signals output from three ports, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 10 The diagram shows a transmission scheme for sensing signals output from four ports, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of another chip system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, a further detailed description of this application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operating methods and functional descriptions in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0070] (1) In this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0071] (2) In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can mean: a, or, b, or, c, or, a and b, or, a and c, or, b and c, or, a, b, and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0072] (3) In this application, the terms "first," "second," and various numerical designations (e.g., #1, #2, etc.) indicate distinctions made for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, they may be used to distinguish different messages, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. Such descriptions may be interchanged where appropriate to describe solutions other than those in the embodiments of this application.

[0073] (4) In this application, the descriptions such as “when…”, “under the circumstances of…” and “if” all refer to the device making corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances. They are not time limits, nor do they require the device to make a judgment action when it is implemented, nor do they mean that there are other limitations.

[0074] (5) In this application, “instruction” or “for instruction” can include both direct instruction and indirect instruction. When describing an instruction as being used to instruct A, it can include whether the instruction directly instructs A or indirectly instructs A, but does not necessarily mean that the instruction carries A.

[0075] The indication methods involved in the embodiments of this application should be understood to cover various methods that enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately. Moreover, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. This application does not limit the sending method, for example.

[0076] The "instruction information" in the embodiments of this application can be an explicit instruction, that is, a direct instruction through signaling, or an instruction obtained by combining other rules or parameters with the parameters indicated by the signaling, or by deduction. It can also be an implicit instruction, that is, an instruction obtained based on rules or relationships, or based on other parameters, or by deduction. This application does not specifically limit it in this regard.

[0077] (6) In this application, "protocol" can refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, such as the 5G protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied in future communication systems. This application does not limit this term. "Predefined" can include predefined terms, such as protocol definitions. "Preconfiguration" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device. This application does not limit the implementation method.

[0078] (7) In this application, "communication" can also be described as "communication", "information transmission", "data processing", etc. "Transmission" includes "sending" and "receiving". "Transmission" can be described as "output". In this application, "message", "information", "signal" or "information element (IE)" can be used interchangeably. There are no restrictions on the name of the message or information, as long as it can achieve the corresponding function.

[0079] "Sending information to XX (device)" can be understood as the destination of the information being that device. This can include sending information directly or indirectly to that device. "Receiving information from XX (device), or receiving information from XX (device)" can be understood as the source of the information being that device. This can include receiving information directly or indirectly from that device. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood in a similar way, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, "sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, "sending" or "receiving" can occur between devices, for example, between network devices and terminal devices via an air interface. "Sending" or "receiving" can also occur within a device, for example, between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0080] (8) In this application, the words “exemplary,” “for example,” etc., are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as an “example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word “example” is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. In the embodiments of this application, “of,” “corresponding, relevant,” “corresponding,” and “associate” may sometimes be used interchangeably, and it should be noted that their intended meanings are consistent unless their distinctions are emphasized.

[0081] (9) In this application, when comparing A and B, the description "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; when A is less than or equal to B, execute method B" can be implemented as "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; or when A is less than B, execute method B" or "when A is greater than B, execute method A; or when A is less than or equal to B, execute method B". This application does not limit this. For ease of description, the implementation methods provided in this application are all illustrated using "when A is greater than or equal to B, execute method A; or when A is less than B, execute method B" as an example.

[0082] (10) In this application, the configuration can be signaling configuration or can be described as configuration signaling. For example, signaling configuration includes configuration using signaling sent by the base station, which can be radio resource control (RRC) messages, downlink control information (DCI) messages, or system information blocks (SIBs). Optionally, the signaling configuration can also be configured to the terminal device by pre-configured signaling, or configured to the terminal device through pre-configuration. Here, pre-configuration means defining or configuring the values ​​of corresponding parameters in advance in the form of a protocol, and storing them in the terminal device when communicating with the terminal device. The pre-configured messages can be modified or updated when the terminal device is connected to the network.

[0083] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, and future communication systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to low-frequency scenarios, high-frequency scenarios, terahertz, optical communication, licensed frequency bands, and unlicensed frequency bands.

[0085] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., ...). Figure 1 110a and 110b, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (such as Figure 1 RAN100, denoted as RAN100, comprises RAN nodes 120a-120j, collectively referred to as RAN120. RAN100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay equipment and / or wireless backhaul equipment. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). Terminal 120 is connected to RAN node 110 wirelessly. RAN node 110 is connected to core network 200 wirelessly or via wired connection. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0086] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as a 4G mobile communication system, a 5G mobile communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system. RAN 100 can also be an open access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radioaccess network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0087] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative, for example... Figure 1 Network element 120i can be a helicopter or a drone, and it can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes referred to as communication devices, for example... Figure 1 Network elements 110a and 110b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, while network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0088] In one possible scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. A RAN node can also be a macro base station (such as...) Figure 1 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (such as Figure 1 In CRAN scenarios, RAN nodes can be 110b), relay nodes or donor nodes, or wireless controllers. Optionally, RAN nodes can also be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the access network equipment can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0089] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CU), distributed units (DU), CU-control plane (CU-CP), CU-user plane (CU-UP), radio units (RU), or CU-radio units (CU-RU), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radioheads (RRHs).

[0090] In different systems, CU (including open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) and open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called an open central unit (O-CU), DU can also be called an open distributed unit (O-DU), CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0091] Terminal 120 can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. A terminal can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal, user device, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal unit, terminal station, terminal device, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. A terminal typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication functions. The terminal may also be configured with program instructions for performing these communication functions.

[0092] For example, the terminal in this application embodiment can be a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a drone, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home (e.g., game consoles, smart TVs, smart speakers, smart refrigerators, and fitness equipment), a transport vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, a communication module, or a roadside unit (RSU) with terminal capabilities.

[0093] RAN 100 and terminal 120 can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the scenarios in which RAN 100 and terminal 120 are located.

[0094] CN 200 can be a 5G core network, an evolved 5G core network, or a future core network. Taking a 5G core network as an example, CN 200 includes access and mobility management (AMF) network elements responsible for mobility management and access management services; session management (SMF) network elements responsible for session management; user plane (UPF) network elements responsible for user plane packet routing and forwarding and quality of service (QoS) control; and policy control (PCF) network elements. These core network elements can work independently or be combined to implement certain control functions. For example, AMF, SMF, and PCF can be combined into a single core network device.

[0095] The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems, such as inter-satellite communication systems, satellite communication systems, high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication, integrated communication and navigation (ICaN) systems, or global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), etc.

[0096] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, a satellite communication system includes a satellite base station, terminal equipment, a ground base station (gateway, GW), a core network, a new radio interface (NR), an Xn interface, and an NG interface. For example, satellite base station 1 can provide communication services to terminal equipment through the NR, communicate with satellite base station 2 through the Xn interface, or communicate with the ground base station through the NG interface. The ground base station can communicate with the core network. Optionally, satellite base station 1 or satellite base station 2 can be a CU, DU, or RU, or it can be an O-RAN node mounted on a satellite.

[0097] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of yet another communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 3As shown, the inter-satellite communication system includes Satellite 1 and Satellite 2, which can exchange information via a channel. Both Satellite 1 and Satellite 2 include a communication module, transceiver antennas, an APT module, and an APT transmit / receive antenna. The communication module is responsible for information transmission between Satellite 1 and Satellite 2 and is the main body of the inter-satellite communication system. The APT module is responsible for acquisition, alignment, and tracking between Satellite 1 and Satellite 2. Determining the direction of the incoming incident signal is acquisition; adjusting the transmitted wave to aim at the receiving direction is alignment; and continuously adjusting alignment and acquisition throughout the communication process is tracking. Optionally, the satellite can refer to a drone, a hot air balloon, a low-Earth orbit satellite, a medium-Earth orbit satellite, or a high-Earth orbit satellite, etc.

[0098] In the aforementioned communication system, one device can send signals to or receive signals from another device. These signals may include reference signals, information, signaling, or data. In this application, "device" can be replaced by an entity, network entity, communication device, communication module, node, or communication node.

[0099] It should be understood that the above naming is defined solely for the purpose of distinguishing different functions and should not constitute any limitation on this application. This application does not preclude the possibility of using other naming conventions in 5G networks and other future networks. For example, in future communication networks, some or all of the above-mentioned network elements may use the terminology from 5G, or they may use other names, etc.

[0100] The embodiments described in this application Figures 1 to 3 The communication system and business scenarios shown are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0101] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terms used in this application will be briefly explained below.

[0102] 1. Perception:

[0103] Perception is the process of collecting, processing, and generating perception results from data. For example, data can be used to determine the distance, shape, and type of surrounding obstacles, or to determine the breathing rate and heart rate of a monitored object. The collected data can be obtained through sensors or through wireless signals.

[0104] 2. Perceiving the scene:

[0105] The perception scenarios can include: perception scenarios based on network devices, perception scenarios based on both network devices and terminal devices, and perception scenarios based on terminal devices.

[0106] Figures 4a-4b This is a schematic diagram of the perception scene provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0107] like Figure 4a As shown, in a network-based sensing scenario (or, in other words, a base station that transmits and receives signals), the network device acts as both the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the sensing signal. For example, sensing signal 1 transmitted by the network device reaches the sensing target or object (e.g., a vehicle). After being reflected by the target object, the network device can receive sensing signal 2, and then process sensing signal 2 to obtain the sensing result. In other words, the network device knows what it has transmitted; for example, the sensing data transmitted by the network device can also serve as a sensing signal.

[0108] like Figure 4b As shown, this is a perception scenario based on terminal devices (or, in other words, terminal self-transmission and self-reception), where the terminal device acts as both the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the perception signal. For example, perception signal 1 sent by the terminal device reaches the perception target or object (e.g., a vehicle). After being reflected by the target object, perception signal 1 is received by the terminal device as perception signal 2. The terminal device can then process perception signal 2 to obtain the perception result. In other words, the terminal device knows what it has transmitted; for example, the perception data sent by the terminal device can also serve as a perception signal.

[0109] In the above scenario, sensing signal 2 can be understood as a reflected signal of sensing signal 1. Sensing signal 2 carries more information than sensing signal 1; for example, sensing signal 2 can carry source information and environmental information. Optionally, this application does not limit the number of sensing signals transmitted by the transmitting end.

[0110] Unless otherwise specified, the term "first device" is used in this description to refer to the executing entity. "First device" can be understood as a terminal, a device with terminal functions, or a device that implements terminal functions. For example, the first device is a terminal, or it can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a terminal. Alternatively, "first device" can be understood as a network device, or a device with network equipment functions, or a device that implements network equipment functions. For example, the first device is a base station, or it can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a base station, or it can be a module or unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) that fully or partially implements base station functions, a logic module, or software. Alternatively, "first device" can be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capabilities, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. A device with sensing capabilities can also be called a sensing device, and a device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can also be called an artificial intelligence task execution device.

[0111] "Second device" can be understood as a terminal, a device with terminal functions, or a device that implements terminal functions. For example, the second device is a terminal, or the second device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a terminal. Alternatively, "second device" can be understood as a network device, a device with network device functions, or a device that implements network device functions. For example, the second device is a base station, or the second device can be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit) within a base station, or it can be a module or unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) that fully or partially implements base station functions, a logic module, or software. Alternatively, "second device" can be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capabilities, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. A device with sensing capabilities can be called a sensing device, and a device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can be called an artificial intelligence task execution device.

[0112] 3. Integrated Communication and Sensing ISAC:

[0113] Integrated communication and sensing (ISAC), also known as joint communications and sensing (JCAS), refers to the fusion of communication and sensing functions. This allows future communication systems to simultaneously perform both communication and sensing operations. While transmitting information over a wireless channel, the system actively recognizes and analyzes channel characteristics to perceive the physical features of the surrounding environment, thus enhancing the communication and sensing capabilities. Compared to systems where sensing and communication are separate, ISAC offers several advantages, such as cost savings, reduced device size, lower power consumption, improved frequency efficiency, and reduced interference between communication and sensing.

[0114] 4. Antenna Port:

[0115] An antenna port is a logical concept; one antenna port can correspond to one physical transmit antenna or multiple physical transmit antennas. In both cases, the terminal's receiver will not decompose signals from the same antenna port. From the terminal's perspective, regardless of whether the channel is formed by a single physical transmit antenna or by combining multiple physical transmit antennas, the reference signal (RS) corresponding to that antenna port defines it. For example, the antenna port corresponding to DMRS is the DMRS port, and the terminal can obtain the channel estimate for the corresponding antenna port based on the reference signal. Each antenna port corresponds to a time / frequency resource grid and has its own independent reference signal. One antenna port is one channel, and the terminal performs channel estimation and data demodulation based on the reference signal corresponding to that antenna port.

[0116] An antenna port is typically associated with a reference signal, and its significance can be understood as a transmit / receive interface on the channel through which the reference signal passes. In low-frequency systems, one antenna port may correspond to one or more antenna elements that jointly transmit the reference signal; the receiver can treat them as a whole without distinguishing between individual elements. In high-frequency systems, an antenna port may correspond to a beam; similarly, the receiver only needs to treat this beam as an interface and does not need to differentiate between individual elements.

[0117] In this embodiment, an antenna port can also be referred to as a port, and a set of multiple antenna ports can be referred to as a port group. For example, multiple digital ports of a base station can be grouped to form multiple port groups. As another example, a port group can be multiple digital ports corresponding to the same analog beam, simply referred to as a port group or a digital-to-analog port group; or, a port group can be a set of digital ports corresponding to multiple analog beams, simply referred to as a port group or a digital-to-analog port group. Alternatively, multiple digital ports of the same analog beam can be divided into multiple subsets, each subset being called a port group or a digital-to-analog port group.

[0118] 5. Pilot:

[0119] Also known as a reference signal, the pilot signals involved in this application include, but are not limited to, the following reference signals:

[0120] Demodulation reference signals (DMRS), channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS), tracking reference signals (TRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), phase tracking reference signals (PT-RS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and sensing reference signals (SeRS), etc. The pilot signals in this application can also be reference signals other than those listed above that can be carried in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, which will not be discussed further here.

[0121] 6. Time Division, Frequency Division, Code Division:

[0122] Time division refers to the fact that different antenna ports occupy different time-domain resources (such as different OFDM symbols).

[0123] Frequency division means that different antenna ports occupy different frequency domain resources (such as different subcarriers).

[0124] Code division refers to the practice of different antenna ports occupying the same time-frequency resources (REs) and being distinguished by different code domains. For example, two antenna ports occupy the same two REs, and the two antenna ports are distinguished by applying orthogonal codes [1,1] and [1,-1] on the two REs. The time-frequency resources corresponding to different antenna ports in code division form code division multiplexing (CDM) blocks, also known as CDM groups. Ports within a CDM group are orthogonal using orthogonal cover codes (OCC).

[0125] 7. Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS):

[0126] MCS defines the number of effective bits that a Resource Element (RE) can carry. There are 31 MCS schemes in NR, with schemes 29-31 reserved. The higher the MCS index or MCS modulation order, the higher the number of effective bits an RE can carry. The modulation schemes and code rates in the MCS are defined below.

[0127] Modulation schemes: 5G NR supports optional modulation schemes including QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256QAM. With QPSK, each RE can transmit 2 bits of information, corresponding to a modulation order of 2; with 16QAM, each RE can transmit 4 bits of information, corresponding to a modulation order of 4; with 64QAM, each RE can transmit 6 bits of information, corresponding to a modulation order of 6; and with 256QAM, each RE can transmit 8 bits of information, corresponding to a modulation order of 8.

[0128] Code rate: The ratio between useful bits and total transmitted bits (useful + redundant bits), used to measure the redundancy added by the physical layer. Redundant bits are used for forward error correction (FEC). Code rate can be considered as the ratio between the number of information bits at the top of the physical layer and the number of bits mapped to the PDSCH at the bottom of the physical layer. A lower code rate indicates more added redundancy.

[0129] 3GPP specification 38.214 provides three tables for network-side equipment to choose from for PDSCH: 64QAM table (MCS-Table1), 256QAM table (MCS-Table2), and Low Spectral Efficiency (Low SE) 64QAM table (MCS-Table3), corresponding to Tables 1-3 respectively.

[0130] As shown in Tables 1-3, the specific correspondences between MCS Index, MCS Modulation Order, Target Code Rate, and Spectral Efficiency are as follows:

[0131] 64QAM Table: When the gNB or UE does not support 256QAM or the channel is poor, 256QAM table decoding fails, and the gNB needs to use QPSK modulation, a 64QAM table (MCS-Table1) can be used, as shown in Table 1:

[0132]

[0133] Table 1256QAM Table: Table 2 shows devices with good channel conditions and supporting 256QAM (MCS-Table 2).

[0134]

[0135] Table 2

[0136] Low Spectral Efficiency (Low SE) 64QAM Table (MCS-Table 3): Suitable for applications requiring reliable data transmission, such as URLLC applications. This table's MCS improves channel reliability by reducing the coding rate and increasing channel coding redundancy, thus resulting in lower spectral efficiency, as shown in Table 3.

[0137]

[0138] Table 3

[0139] 8. Transport block (TB):

[0140] This refers to the data blocks exchanged between the MAC layer and the physical layer. A transport block represents a packet of data transmitted within a Transmission Time Interval (TTI). For the UE, NR downlink supports a maximum of 2 transport blocks, and uplink supports 1 transport block.

[0141] 9. Code Block (CB):

[0142] This refers to the channel-coded blocks that are broken down from the transport block. A transport block, after one CRC check, is quite large and needs to be broken down into smaller data blocks (CBs, CodeBlocks), then subjected to another CRC check and channel coding. A CB refers to the data block between the breakdown of the transport block (TB) and the completion of channel coding; the process of breaking down a TB into CBs is specifically described in section 38.212 6.2.2. The relationship between transport blocks and code blocks is one-to-many.

[0143] 10. CodeWord (CW):

[0144] After channel coding, code blocks need to be concatenated and reconstructed into a bit stream, which is called a codeword. The mapping relationship between transport blocks and codewords is defined in section 5.1.3.2 of protocol 38.214. There is a one-to-one correspondence between transport blocks and codewords; one transport block generates one codeword. It can be understood that a codeword is a transport block after CRC addition, channel coding, and rate matching.

[0145] After scrambling and modulation, a codeword needs to undergo layer mapping to be mapped into multiple parallel data streams (layers). The number of layers in this mapping depends on the channel rank. The channel rank can be understood as the number of spatially independent channels, i.e., the maximum number of streams that can be demodulated. Protocol 38.802 defines the maximum number of layers for uplink and downlink. Downlink supports a maximum of 8 layers when 2 codewords are supported, and a maximum of 4 layers when 1 codeword is supported. Uplink supports a maximum of 4 layers with 1 codeword.

[0146] There is a one-to-many mapping between codewords and layers. Uplink supports a maximum of 4 layers, and downlink supports a maximum of 8 layers. For detailed codeword-to-layer mappings, please refer to the codeword-to-layer mapping table. There is a one-to-one correspondence between layers and antenna ports.

[0147] The above description of the terminology is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0148] In communication systems, higher frequency bands (millimeter waves and even terahertz), wider bandwidths, and larger-scale antenna arrays enable high-precision, high-resolution sensing, thus realizing Integrated Communication and Sensing (ISAC), where communication and sensing functions complement each other. Simply put, the need for communication is for the transmitter to send information to the receiver. The need for sensing, simply put, includes sensing the surrounding environment, the speed of moving objects, or distance, etc. The most traditional form of sensing is conventional radar.

[0149] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the sensing reference signal SeRS (which can be called the sensing signal) is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the time domain (e.g., OFDM symbols), and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain (e.g., subcarriers). Shaded squares can be used for sensing and communication (e.g., for channel estimation and data transmission) and can be called sensing signals, while blank squares can be used for communication and can be called data signals. Figure 5 As shown in (a), for the same OFDM symbol, there is a two-subcarrier interval between two adjacent sensing signals, meaning the sensing signals are evenly spaced; Figure 5 As shown in (b), for the same OFDM symbol, adjacent sensing signals can be spaced between 2 or 4 subcarriers, i.e., the sensing signals are non-uniformly spaced; as Figure 5 As shown in (c), for the same OFDM symbol, there can be 1 or 4 subcarriers between two adjacent sensing signals, i.e., the sensing signals have a variable spacing distribution. Multiple sensing signals constitute a sensing signal group; for example... Figure 5 In (a)-(c), each shaded square is a sensing signal, and the shaded squares in the same column constitute a group of sensing signals.

[0150] It is understandable that the essence of sensing or channel estimation is the process of solving for channel coefficients. For ease of understanding, the following example will illustrate this.

[0151] For example, the first device may be, for instance Figure 4a The base station in the example can be a scenario where the base station transmits and receives data independently.

[0152] The first device determines a first signal X, which includes N groups of sensing signals, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0153] And send a first signal X to the second device through N first ports, wherein the N first ports correspond one-to-one with the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers;

[0154] Subsequently, a second signal Y is received through one second port, wherein the second signal Y is obtained by reflecting the first signal X through the wireless channel, and one second port corresponds to N subcarriers;

[0155] Finally, the first channel coefficient H is determined based on the first signal X and the second signal Y, wherein the first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel.

[0156] Wherein, the second signal Y and the first signal X satisfy:

[0157]

[0158] in, k represents the k-th subcarrier among N subcarriers, x i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer.

[0159] According to the mathematical formula, H = X -1 Y. It is evident that the essence of sensing or channel estimation is solving H. Clearly, when the first signal X has an inverse matrix X... -1 Only then can the estimation or sensing of the channel be guaranteed.

[0160] It is understandable that the first signal X, besides being used for channel estimation, also carries information. The content it carries can be arbitrary, such as instruction information to guide the receiving end to perform corresponding operations, or information related to content that needs to be transmitted to the receiving end (e.g., user data, system parameters, vehicle driving information, network speed, etc.). For example, when the transmitting end outputs the first signal X to the receiving end, the receiving end can obtain the information transmitted by the transmitting end based on the information carried by the first signal X. In addition, the transmitting end can obtain the second signal Y reflected from the first signal X, and perform channel estimation based on the second signal Y and the first information X, thereby realizing the sensing and communication functions of the first signal X.

[0161] It is understandable that in the above formula (1), the first information X represents the information output by the sending end to the receiving end, where x i (k) represents an element in the information; for example, when the first information X is carried by multiple REs, x i (k) is carried in one of the REs.

[0162] The needs of communication and sensing are often contradictory, because communication often pursues high transmission efficiency, which can be understood as extreme spectral efficiency, while sensing pursues high-precision target detection and often does not consider the impact of spectral efficiency. Therefore, the inventors are particularly concerned with the design of the first signal X, that is, how to ensure that X has an inverse matrix X. -1 At the same time, it is also necessary to take into account as many effective elements as possible in X, which is the problem that needs to be solved at present.

[0163] To address the aforementioned problems, the inventors adopted four design schemes for the first signal X. The four schemes will be explained below for each of the above-mentioned manifestations of the first signal X.

[0164] Option 1: First Signal

[0165] Where k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer.

[0166] In this scheme, the N*N elements of the first signal are all freely selectable, that is, the first device can select from modulation such as QPSK, 16-QAM, or 64-QAM. In this case, the degrees of freedom of the N*N elements are N*N.

[0167] In one example, using two ports (e.g., N=2), the first device sends a first signal through two ports and receives a second signal through one port. The first signal...

[0168]

[0169] Where k represents the kth subcarrier of the two subcarriers, k+1 represents the (k+1)th subcarrier of the two subcarriers, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the first port, x2(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the second port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the (k+1)th subcarrier corresponding to the first port, and x2(k+1) represents the element on the (k+1)th subcarrier corresponding to the second port.

[0170] In one example, using three ports (e.g., N=3), the first device sends a first signal through three ports and receives a second signal through one port. The first signal...

[0171]

[0172] Where k represents the kth subcarrier out of 3 subcarriers, k+1 represents the (k+1)th subcarrier out of 3 subcarriers, k+2 represents the (k+2)th subcarrier out of 3 subcarriers, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the first port, x2(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the second port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the (k+1)th subcarrier corresponding to the first port, and so on, x3(k+2) represents the element on the (k+2)th subcarrier corresponding to the third port.

[0173] In one example, using four ports (e.g., N=4), the first device sends a first signal through four ports and receives a second signal through one port. The first signal...

[0174]

[0175] Where k represents the kth subcarrier out of 4 subcarriers, k+1 represents the (k+1)th subcarrier out of 4 subcarriers, k+2 represents the (k+2)th subcarrier out of 4 subcarriers, k+2 represents the (k+3)th subcarrier out of 4 subcarriers, x1(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the first port, x2(k) represents the element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the second port, x1(k+1) represents the element on the (k+1)th subcarrier corresponding to the first port, x1(k+2) represents the element on the (k+2)th subcarrier corresponding to the first port, and so on, x4(k+3) represents the element on the (k+3)th subcarrier corresponding to the fourth port.

[0176] Clearly, the advantage of the above scheme is its high transmission rate, capable of transmitting N elements at a time. However, it also has a problem: because the number of elements is unlimited, X... -1 It may not exist, thus affecting sensing or channel estimation.

[0177] Option 2: First Signal

[0178] Where k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer.

[0179] In this scheme, N elements are frequency-divided. The first signal is obtained by frequency division of the first signal in formula (1). In this case, only N elements can be freely selected from N*N elements to form a diagonal matrix, which achieves the effect of frequency division. The inversion of the diagonal matrix will not lead to the generation of a singular matrix. The channel estimation will be more accurate and stable. It is mainly suitable for scenarios with high rate requirements.

[0180] In one example, taking two ports (e.g., N=2), the first signal... 2. Element frequency division.

[0181] In one example, taking a three-port configuration (e.g., N=3), the first signal... 3-element frequency division.

[0182] In one example, taking four ports (e.g., N=4), the first signal... 4-element frequency division.

[0183] Option 3: First Signal Where any element x i (k)≠0 or 1;

[0184] k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer.

[0185] Option 4: First Signal

[0186] In one example, taking two ports (e.g., N=2), the first signal...

[0187] In one example, taking three ports (e.g., N=3), the first signal...

[0188] In one example, taking four ports (e.g., N=4), the first signal...

[0189] In this scheme, for the free selection of four elements, one numerical scalar is first fixed, and then the data is extended to two ports * two subcarriers in the form of a matrix. Clearly, the channel estimation performance of this method is not affected by the specific value of x1(k). However, this scheme also has the lowest transmission efficiency, meaning only one element is transmitted across the four resources, resulting in low complexity.

[0190] As can be seen, the four design schemes for the first signal X have different focuses on transmission efficiency and sensing or channel estimation. For example, Scheme 1 has higher transmission efficiency, but there is a possibility of inaccurate sensing or channel estimation. Scheme 4 can guarantee the accuracy of channel estimation or sensing, but the transmission efficiency is lower. Schemes 2 and 3 make a compromise between transmission efficiency and sensing or channel estimation, achieving a better balance between transmission efficiency and sensing performance.

[0191] In view of this, this application provides a communication method and apparatus to improve communication performance or sensing performance and better meet communication or sensing needs.

[0192] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and can be applied to the above-mentioned... Figures 1 to 4b The communication system shown. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios where the sending end and the receiving end communicate, for example, the embodiments of this application can be applied to uplink, downlink, or sidelink communication scenarios.

[0193] The embodiments in this application do not specifically limit the structure of the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiments of this application. As long as it is possible to communicate according to the method provided in the embodiments of this application by running the code or program that records the method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the method provided in the embodiments of this application can be executed by a first device. Unless otherwise specified, the first device in this application can refer to the first device itself (e.g., a terminal device or a network device), or a component in the first device (e.g., a communication module, processor, circuit, chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core), or a chip system, etc.), or it can be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first device.

[0194] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes the following steps. For ease of description, the following explanation uses a base station self-transmission and self-reception scenario as an example, where the network device acts as the transmitter of the sensing signal and the receiver of the sensing echo signal. For details, please refer to... Figure 4a The scenario shown in Figure 4. It is understood that the technical solution of this application is also applicable to other scenarios in Figure 4, and the specific implementation methods are similar. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0195] like Figure 6 As shown, this application provides a communication method for a first device, comprising:

[0196] S610: Determine the first signal X, which includes N sensing signal groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0197] For example, the N first ports can be ports that are continuously distributed in the frequency domain. For example, if N=2, then port 0 and port 1 both correspond to subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1.

[0198] In this system, each of the N first ports corresponds one-to-one with one of the N sensing signal groups. This can be understood as: one first port corresponds to one sensing signal group; that is, one first port can correspond to one or more sensing signals. For example... Figure 7 As shown, within the dashed box, port 1 corresponds to subcarriers 9 and 11 on symbol 3. That is, the sensing signals carried on subcarriers 9 and 11 can be considered as a sensing signal group. Similarly, port 2, corresponding to subcarriers 9 and 11 on symbol 3, can also be considered as a sensing signal group.

[0199] Understandably, N first ports can belong to the same CDM group, such as CDM group 0, in which case the N first ports are orthogonal; or, H first ports can belong to the same CDM group, such as CDM group 1, in which case the H first ports are orthogonal; or, N first ports can belong to the first CDM group and HN first ports can belong to the second CDM group, in which case the N first ports belonging to the first CDM group are orthogonal and the HN first ports belonging to the second CDM group are orthogonal.

[0200] Understandably, one or more sensing signals can be viewed as one-stream or multi-stream sensing data, with each stream of sensing data corresponding to a first port. That is, each stream of sensing data can be transmitted through multiple subcarriers corresponding to a first port. In this implementation, sensing signals are transmitted at the granularity of a first port in a CDM group, enabling the first device to reuse or transmit more sensing data on time and frequency resources, thereby improving sensing performance.

[0201] In one possible implementation, determining the first signal X includes:

[0202] When N=1, the first signal X=A is determined;

[0203] When N is even, determine the first signal X = A, B, C, or D;

[0204] When N is odd, the determined first signal X includes X1 output from any one of the first ports, and X2, X3, X4...X1 output from the remaining N-1 first ports respectively. N Where X1 = A, X2, X3, X4…X N =A or B or C or D.

[0205] Understandably, when N=1, that is, when there is only one first port, data transmission should be prioritized.

[0206] When N is odd, the first port needs to be split into two schemes: scheme A with one first port and schemes B, C, or D with N-1 first ports.

[0207] In one possible implementation, the first signal X is transmitted in one codeword; wherein, N first ports belong to the same CDM group.

[0208] Furthermore, when the first signal X is transmitted within one codeword, the first signal X can be determined based on the MCSindex corresponding to the codeword.

[0209] Furthermore, determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0210] When it is determined that MCS-Tab le1 is used and MCS index∈[0,9], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le2 is used and MCS index∈[0,4], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le3 is used and MCS index∈[0,14], the first signal X = D is determined;

[0211] When it is determined that MCS-Tab le1 is used and MCS index∈[10,16], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le2 is used and MCS index∈[5,10], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le3 is used and MCS index∈[15,20], the first signal X = B or X = C is determined.

[0212] The first signal X = A is determined when it is determined that MCS-Tab le1 is used and MCS index ∈ [17,28], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le2 is used and MCS index ∈ [11,27], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le3 is used and MCS index ∈ [21,28].

[0213] It is understood that the above-described determination of the first signal X based on the MCS-Table and the corresponding MCS index value range is merely an illustrative example, and the specific MCS index value range can be arbitrarily defined. For example, it can be defined as follows:

[0214] When it is determined that MCS-Tab le1 is used and MCS index∈[0,6], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le2 is used and MCS index∈[0,8], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le3 is used and MCS index∈[0,11], the first signal X=D is determined;

[0215] When it is determined that MCS-Table 1 is used and MCS index ∈ [7,13], or when it is determined that MCS-Table 2 is used and MCS index ∈ [9,11], or when it is determined that MCS-Table 3 is used and MCS index ∈ [12,22], the first signal X = B or X = C is determined.

[0216] The first signal X = A is determined when it is determined that MCS-Tab le1 is used and MCS index ∈ [14,28], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le2 is used and MCS index ∈ [12,27], or when it is determined that MCS-Tab le3 is used and MCS index ∈ [23,28].

[0217] It is understood that the range of values ​​for the MCS index can be continuous or discontinuous, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0218] Furthermore, when the first signal X is transmitted in one codeword, the first signal X can be determined according to the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword.

[0219] Furthermore, determining the first signal X based on the MCS moderation order corresponding to the codeword specifically includes:

[0220] When MCS modulation order = 2, the first signal X = D is determined;

[0221] When the MCS modification order is 4 or 6, determine the first signal X = B or X = C;

[0222] When the MCS modulation order is 8, the first signal X = A is determined.

[0223] It is understood that the above determination of the first signal X based on the value of the MCS moderation order is only an example, and the specific value of the MCS moderation order can be arbitrarily defined. For example, it can be defined as follows:

[0224] When the MCS modulation order is 2 or 4, the first signal X = D is determined;

[0225] When MCS modification order = 6, the first signal X = B or X = C is determined;

[0226] When the MCS modulation order is 8, the first signal X = A is determined.

[0227] For example, when the first signal X is transmitted in one codeword, the codeword can be one of multiple codewords, and the MCS index or MCS modulation order of the codeword is lower than the MCS index or MCS modulation order of other codewords.

[0228] Understandably, when multiple codewords are being transmitted, ISAC communication is performed on codewords with lower MCS modulo order or MCS index, while pure communication (i.e., no awareness) is used for other codewords. This approach aims to select the appropriate strategy based on the situation of each codeword as much as possible to improve the user experience.

[0229] In another possible implementation, when the first signal X is transmitted over M codewords, the N first ports include n1 first ports belonging to the first CDM group, n2 first ports belonging to the second CDM group, ... and n first ports belonging to the Mth CDM group. n There are n1+n2+n3+…n ports; where n1+n2+n3+…n n =N, where M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0230] Furthermore, when the first signal X is transmitted over M codewords, the first signal X can be determined based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword.

[0231] For example, determining the first signal X based on the MCS index corresponding to the codeword specifically includes: sorting the M MCS indices corresponding to the M codewords in ascending order of index size, and determining X1, X2...X for the first P codewords respectively. P Where X1, X2…X P =B or C or D; for the last MP codewords, determine X respectively. P+1 X P+2 …X M , where XP+1 X P+2 …X M =A; where the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3...X M .

[0232] Understandably, when the first signal X is transmitted in two or more codewords, the MCS indexes of the codewords can be sorted by size (e.g., from smallest to largest, or from largest to smallest). Codewords with relatively smaller MCS indices indicate relatively lower communication requirements. Therefore, if the entire system is more inclined towards sensing, the antenna port corresponding to the codeword with the relatively smaller MCS index can be set to sensing orientation. For example, it can be determined that X1 on that codeword is B, C, or D. Meanwhile, the antenna port of the codeword with the relatively higher MCS index can be set to communication orientation. For example, it can be determined that X2 on that codeword is A.

[0233] Furthermore, when the first signal X is transmitted over M codewords, the first signal X can be determined based on the MCSmodulation order corresponding to the codeword.

[0234] For example, determining the first signal X based on the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword specifically includes: sorting the M MCS modulation orders corresponding to the M codewords in ascending order of their order, and determining X1, X2...X for the first P codewords respectively. P Where X1, X2…X P =B or C or D; for the last MP codewords, determine X respectively. P+1 X P+2 …X M , where X P+1 X P+2 …X M =A; where the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3...X M .

[0235] Understandably, when the first signal X is transmitted in two or more codewords, the MCS modulation order of the codewords can be sorted by size (e.g., from smallest to largest or from largest to smallest). Codewords with relatively smaller MCS modulation order indicate relatively lower communication requirements. Therefore, if the entire system is more inclined towards sensing, the antenna port corresponding to the codeword with the relatively smaller MCS index can be set to sensing orientation. For example, X1 on that codeword can be determined to be B, C, or D. Meanwhile, the antenna port of the codeword with the relatively higher MCS modulation order can be set to communication orientation. For example, X2 on that codeword can be determined to be A.

[0236] S620: Send a first signal X to the second device through N first ports; wherein, the N first ports correspond one-to-one with the N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers.

[0237] For example, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme for sensing signals for two ports (e.g., N=2) provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0238] like Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the time domain (e.g., 8 OFDM symbols), and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain (e.g., one RB0, comprising 12 subcarriers). Figure 7 This includes two ports, such as port 1 and port 2. Optionally, port 1 and port 2 can belong to the same CDM group. As can be seen from the above, the four elements in the first signal can correspond to the four shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, that is, the first device is on symbol 3, transmitting the first signal through subcarrier 11 and subcarrier 9 on port 1 and port 2.

[0239] Figure 8 The image shown is based on an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 A comparison chart of sensing or channel estimation accuracy under four design schemes for the first signal X. (See figure). Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the vertical axis represents the mean-square error (MSE). Based on Figure 8 It can be concluded that, for Schemes 1 to 4 above, when the first signal is QPSK modulated, Scheme 1 has the worst sensing performance, while Schemes 2, 3 and 4 have equal sensing performance and are better than Scheme 1.

[0240] Figure 9 This application provides a transmission scheme for sensing signals output from three ports (e.g., N=3). Figure 10 This application provides a transmission scheme for sensing signals output from four ports; where the horizontal axis represents the time domain (e.g., 8 OFDM symbols) and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain (e.g., one RB0, including 12 subcarriers). Figure 9 As shown, the output sensing signal includes three ports, such as port 1, port 2, and port 3. Optionally, ports 1, 2, and 3 can belong to the same CDM group. As mentioned above, the nine elements in the first signal can correspond to the nine shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, that is, the first device transmits the first signal on symbol 3 through subcarriers 3, 5, and 7 on ports 1, 2, and 3. Figure 10 As shown, the output sensing signal includes four ports, such as port 1, port 2, port 3, and port 4. Optionally, ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 can belong to the same CDM group. As mentioned above, the 16 elements in the first signal can correspond to the 16 shaded squares in the dashed box in the figure, that is, the first device transmits the first signal on symbol 3 through subcarriers 1, 3, 5, and 7 on ports 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0241] Understandably, the above Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 The time-frequency resources carried by the first signal shown are merely an example for ease of understanding, and other schemes are not excluded.

[0242] S630: Receives a second signal Y through one second port. The second signal Y is obtained by reflecting the first signal X through the wireless channel. One second port corresponds to N subcarriers.

[0243] In one possible implementation, the first port is different from the second port, or the second port is any one of the first ports.

[0244] It is understandable that the difference between the first port and the second port could mean that the first port and the second port belong to the same device (e.g., the first device), but are different ports. For example, the first port (port0) and the second port (port1) belong to the same device (e.g., a base station or a terminal), but are different ports. Figure 4a or Figure 4b The scene in the film.

[0245] It is understandable that the second signal is obtained from the first signal via a wireless channel. In other words, the first signal can be regarded as a sensing signal sent by the first device, and the second signal can be regarded as an echo signal (or a reflected signal) received by the first device, which is obtained by transmitting the sensing signal via a wireless channel.

[0246] S640: Determine the first channel coefficient H based on the first signal X and the second signal Y. The first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel.

[0247] The second signal Y and the first signal X satisfy:

[0248]

[0249] in, k represents the k-th subcarrier among the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents the element on the k-th subcarrier corresponding to the i-th port, i = 1, 2, ..., N, and k is an integer;

[0250] Wherein, the first signal X includes any one of the following:

[0251]

[0252] Optionally, the first element of the N*N elements contained in A can be selected. Phase rotation, where the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

[0253] Understandably, adding phase rotation does not affect the overall communication transmission efficiency and can also ensure that the matrix does not become singular, thereby improving the stability of sensing.

[0254] Optionally, the first element of the N*N elements contained in A can be set to zero, where the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

[0255] It is understandable that when the first signal X = A, all N*N elements in X are distinct. The matrix corresponding to this first signal is highly likely to be singular (i.e., if all N*N elements are exactly equal, or pairwise equal, the matrix is ​​singular, making it impossible to invert, and consequently, impossible to estimate the channel). To avoid this, when the first device calculates that the matrix formed by the modulated data is singular, the following special handling can be adopted: any element in N*N is "set to zero," meaning the corresponding port does not transmit the sensing signal group on that subcarrier. In one example, taking two ports (e.g., N = 2), the first device transmits the first signal through two ports and receives the second signal through one port; in this case, the first signal X can be any of the following:

[0256] or, or,

[0257] or,

[0258] Furthermore, power enhancement can be applied to the N*(N-1) elements other than the first element out of the N*N elements.

[0259] In one example, taking two ports (e.g., N=2) as an example, in this "zeroing" case, the power of the zeroed subcarrier can be allocated to the other three non-zero subcarriers, and the power can be amplified or boosted by 1 / 3. This can not only improve the sensing RMSE performance, but also enable the sensing signal group to be transmitted at equal intervals in the frequency domain, reducing the sensing complexity.

[0260] or,

[0261] or,

[0262] Where any element x i (k) ≠ 0 or 1; or,

[0263]

[0264] In one possible implementation, B, C, and D satisfy the following conditions:

[0265] B*B H =F1 or B H *B = F1'; and / or, B *B T =R1 or B T *B = R1'; where F1, F1', R1, and R1' are all diagonal matrices;

[0266] C*C H=F2 or C H *C = F2'; and / or, C *C T =R2 or C T *C = R2'; where F2, F2', R2, and R2' are all diagonal matrices;

[0267] D*D H =F3 or D H *D = F3'; and / or, D*D T =R3 or D T *D = R3'; where F3, F3', R3, and R3' are all diagonal matrices.

[0268] It is understandable that B*B H The resulting diagonal matrix F1, and B H The diagonal matrix F1' obtained by *B may be the same as or different from the original matrix, but both are diagonal matrices; B*B T The resulting diagonal matrix R1, and B T The diagonal matrix R1' obtained by *B may be the same as or different from B, but both are diagonal matrices. Also, if B*B H If we can obtain the diagonal matrix F1, then there must exist B. H *B yields a diagonal matrix F1', and vice versa; if B*B T If we can obtain a diagonal matrix R1, then there must exist a B. T B yields a diagonal matrix R1', and vice versa. C and D follow the same pattern as B, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0269] It should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0270] It should also be understood that this application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in relation to systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that individual systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, combinations of these approaches are also possible.

[0271] It should also be understood that in some of the above embodiments, the examples are mainly based on devices in existing network architectures (e.g., the first device). It should be understood that the specific form of the device is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, any device that can achieve the same function in the future is applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0272] The above, combined with Figures 1 to 10The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail. The above communication method is mainly described from the perspective of the first device transmitting and receiving data independently. It is understood that, in order to achieve the above functions, the first device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.

[0273] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0274] The following, combined with Figures 11 to 14 This application provides a detailed description of the communication device provided in the embodiments. The descriptions of the device embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments; therefore, for content not described in detail, please refer to the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, some content will not be repeated.

[0275] This application embodiment can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. The module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation. The following description uses the division of functional modules according to each function as an example.

[0276] Figure 11 This is an exemplary block diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 11 As shown, the communication device 1000 may include a chip system 1100, a memory 1200, a bus 1300, a power management module 1400, or a transceiver 1500, etc.

[0277] The chip system 1100 can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the hardware of the chip system 1100 or through software instructions.

[0278] As an example and not a limitation, the chip system 1100 may include circuitry or chips responsible for signal processing (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core).

[0279] Optionally, the chip system 1100 may also include a memory (such as a cache) for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the chip system 1100 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that the chip system 1100 has just used or that are used repeatedly. If the chip system 1100 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can directly retrieve it from the memory. This avoids repeated accesses, reduces the waiting time of the chip system 1100, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0280] In some embodiments, the chip system 1100 may include one or more interfaces. Interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.

[0281] The memory 1200 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1200 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described in this application.

[0282] Optionally, the code may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the embodiments of this application, including instructions for supporting the generation or parsing of sensing signals. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code may not be directly executable by the chip system 1100, but may enable a computer (e.g., at compile and execution time) to perform the functions described in this application. In some cases, memory 1200 may in particular contain a basic input / output (I / O) system that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0283] For example, the chip system 1100 executes various functional applications and data processing of the communication device 1000 by running instructions stored in the memory 1200. For instance, when the communication device 1000 transfers files with other devices (e.g., terminal devices, network devices, or core network devices), the chip system 1100 of the communication device 1000 can call the computer-executable program code stored in the memory 1200 to implement the data and / or signaling transmission methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0284] Optionally, the memory 1200 may be integrated into the aforementioned chip system 1100, or may be independent of the chip system 1100.

[0285] Bus 1300 can be USB, used to support communication between various parts of communication device 1000.

[0286] The power management module 1400 is used to receive charging input from the charger. Optionally, the power management module 1400 can also supply power to the communication device 1000 while charging it (e.g., the battery module of the communication device 1000). By way of example and not limitation, the power management module 1400 can also supply power to other devices besides the communication device 1000.

[0287] Transceiver 1500 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired links, or wireless links. For example, transceiver 1500 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1500 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from the antenna. Transceiver 1500 may include a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver performing the function of receiving information and the transmitter performing the function of transmitting information.

[0288] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna. However, in other cases, a device may have more than one antenna, such as... Figure 11Antennas 1 and 2 shown may be capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Exemplarily, antennas 1 and 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in communication device 1000 can be used to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antennas can be used in conjunction with a tuning switch. Communication device 1000 can transfer files to other devices via wireless communication functions.

[0289] In one design, the communication device 1000 may correspond to the first device in the above method embodiment.

[0290] The device 1000 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the first device in the above method embodiments. The transceiver 1500 can be used to perform the transmission and reception related operations of the first device in the above method embodiments. For example, it can send a first signal X to the second device through N first ports, where the N first ports correspond one-to-one with N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers; and receive a second signal Y through one second port, where the second signal Y is obtained by reflecting the first signal X through a wireless channel, and one second port corresponds to N subcarriers.

[0291] The chip system 1100 can be used to perform processing-related operations of the first device in the above method embodiment, such as determining a first signal X, the first signal X including N sensing signal groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and finally determining a first channel coefficient H based on the first signal X and the second signal Y, wherein the first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel.

[0292] Under this design, the communication device 1000 may include, for example: Figure 11 The short-range communication module 1640, sensor 1610, display 1620, or camera 1630 shown are examples of such modules.

[0293] The short-range communication module 1640 may include a wireless network (WI-FI, or WIFI), or a module that supports short-range communication, such as a toothed wire.

[0294] Sensor 1610 may include pressure sensors, gyroscope sensors, barometric pressure sensors, magnetic sensors, accelerometers, distance sensors, proximity sensors, fingerprint sensors, temperature sensors, touch sensors, ambient light sensors, bone conduction sensors, etc.

[0295] Display 1620 is used to display images, videos, etc. The display includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a Miniled LED, a MicroLED, a Micro-OLED, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. For example, in this embodiment, the display can be used to display the interface required by the communication device 1000. Exemplarily, the communication device 1000 implements display functions through a graphics processing unit (GPU), a display, and an application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connected to the display and the application processor. The GPU performs mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The chip system 1100 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0296] The camera 1630 is used to acquire images, videos, etc.

[0297] Understandable, Figure 11 The structure shown does not constitute a specific limitation on the communication device 1000. The specific structure of the terminal equipment and / or network equipment can be referred to Figure 11 As shown. In some embodiments, the communication device 1000 may also include a... Figure 11 This could mean having more or fewer components, combining some components, separating some components, or having different component arrangements. Or, Figure 11 Some of the components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware; terminal devices and / or network devices can be implemented in... Figure 11 The components were added or removed based on the given structure.

[0298] Figure 12 This is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12As shown, the communication device 2000 may include a baseband unit 2100, which can communicate with external devices via a cellular RF transceiver 2200 (e.g., if the communication device 2000 is a terminal device, the baseband unit 2100 can communicate with network devices via the cellular RF transceiver 2200; or, if the communication device 200 is a network device, the baseband unit 2100 can communicate with terminal devices and / or core network devices via the cellular RF transceiver 2200).

[0299] Baseband unit 2100 may include computer-readable medium / memory. Baseband unit 2100 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. When executed by baseband unit 2100, the software causes baseband unit 2100 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by baseband unit 2100 during software execution.

[0300] The baseband unit 2100 further includes a receiving unit 2010, a management unit 2020, and a transmitting unit 2030. The management unit 2020 includes one or more of these units. Figure 12 The sub-units shown (e.g., a signal generation sub-unit and a signal parsing sub-unit, wherein the signal generation sub-unit can be used for generating the sensed signal in the above method embodiments, and the signal parsing sub-unit can be used for parsing the sensed signal in the above method embodiments). The units within the management unit 2010 can be stored in a computer-readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware within the baseband unit 2100. The receiving unit 2010 and the transmitting unit 2030 can be referred to as transceiver units.

[0301] When the communication device 2000 is used to implement the function of the first device in the above method embodiments, the sending unit 2030 is used to execute the sending step of the first device, the receiving unit 2010 is used to execute the receiving step of the first device, and the management unit 2020 is used to execute the processing step of the first device.

[0302] For example, when the device 2000 is used to perform Figure 6 When using the method, the first transmitting unit 2030 can be used to execute the step of transmitting information in the method, for example, transmitting a first signal X to the second device through N first ports, where the N first ports correspond one-to-one with N sensing signal groups, and each of the N first ports corresponds to N subcarriers;

[0303] Subsequently, the receiving unit 2010 can be used to perform the step of receiving information in the method, for example, receiving a second signal Y through one second port, the second signal Y being obtained by reflecting the first signal X through a wireless channel, and one second port corresponding to N subcarriers;

[0304] The management unit 2020 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as determining a first signal X, which includes N groups of sensing signals, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and finally determining a first channel coefficient H based on the first signal X and the second signal Y, wherein the first channel coefficient H is used for channel estimation or sensing of the wireless channel.

[0305] For a more detailed description of the receiving unit 2010, the management unit 2020, and the sending unit 2030, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0306] Figure 13 This is a schematic block diagram of a chip system 3000 provided in an embodiment of this application. Exemplarily, the chip system includes, but is not limited to: a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip or a system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core.

[0307] like Figure 13 As shown, the chip system (or processing system) includes a processor 3100, a memory 3200, and an input / output interface 3300.

[0308] The processor 3100 can be a processing circuit in a chip system (including at least one processor, such as...). Figure 13 (Shown as processor 1 and processor 2, etc.). Processor 3100 can be coupled to memory 3200, calling instructions in memory 3200, so that the chip system can implement the methods and functions of the various embodiments of this application. Input / output interface 3300 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system, outputting information processed by the chip system, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system for processing.

[0309] As one approach, the chip system is used to implement the operations performed by the first device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0310] For example, the processor 3100 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, as described in the foregoing embodiments;

[0311] The input / output interface 3300 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0312] Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of another chip system 4000 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 14As shown, the chip system (or processing system) includes an input / output interface 4100 and logic circuitry 4200. The input / output interface 4100 can be an input / output circuit within the chip system, outputting processed information or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system for processing; details can be found in the descriptions of the preceding embodiments. The logic circuitry 4200 is used to execute the aforementioned communication method; details can also be found in the descriptions of the preceding embodiments.

[0313] As one approach, the chip system is used to implement the operations performed by the first device in the various method embodiments described above.

[0314] For example, logic circuit 4200 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiment; input / output interface 4100 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiment.

[0315] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the first device in the above-described method embodiments.

[0316] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the method performed by the first device in the above-described embodiments is implemented.

[0317] This application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the methods performed by the first device in the above-described method embodiments to be implemented.

[0318] This application also provides a communication system, including at least one of the aforementioned first devices and / or at least one of the second devices.

[0319] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0320] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0321] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0322] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0323] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0324] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0325] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to existing solutions, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A method of communication, the method for a first apparatus comprising: determining a first signal X, the first signal X comprising N groups of perception signals, N being an integer greater than or equal to 1; sending the first signal X to a second device through N first ports, the N first ports corresponding to the N groups of perception signals one by one, each of the N first ports corresponding to N subcarriers; receiving a second signal Y through 1 second port, the second signal Y being obtained by reflecting the first signal X through a wireless channel, the 1 second port corresponding to the N subcarriers; determining a first channel coefficient H according to the first signal X and the second signal Y, the first channel coefficient H being used for channel estimation or perception of the wireless channel; the second signal Y and the first signal X satisfying: wherein, k represents the kth subcarrier in the N subcarriers, x i (k) represents an element on the kth subcarrier corresponding to the ith port, i = 1, 2, …, N, k is an integer; wherein the first signal X comprises any one of the following: or, or, wherein any element x i (k)≠0 or 1 ; or, 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the determining of the first signal specifically comprising: when N = 1, determining the first signal X = A; when N is even, determining the first signal X = A or B or C or D; When N is an odd number, the determined first signal X includes X1 output from any one of the first ports, and X2, X3, X4...X1 output from the remaining N-1 first ports respectively. N Where X1 = A, X2, X3, X4…X N =A or B or C or D.

3. The method according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that, the method further comprising: performing a phase rotation on a first element of N*N elements included in the A the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

4. The method according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that, the method further comprising: zeroing a first element in N*N elements contained in the A, wherein the first element is any one of the N*N elements.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, the method further comprising: performing power boosting on N*(N-1) elements other than the first element in the N*N elements.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the method further comprising: the B, C, D satisfying the following conditions: B*B H = F1 or B H B = F1'; and / or, B*B T = R1 or B T B = R1'; wherein F1, F1', R1, R1' are diagonal matrices; C*C H = F2 or C H C*C = F2'; and / or, C*C T = R2 or C T C*C = R2'; wherein F2, F2', R2, R2' are diagonal matrices; D*D H = F3 or D H *D = F3'; and / or, D*D T = R3 or D T *D = R3'; wherein F3, F3', R3, R3' are all diagonal matrices.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the first signal X being transmitted in 1 codeword; wherein the N first ports belong to a same CDM group.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, the determining of the first signal X comprising: determining the first signal X according to an MCS index corresponding to the codeword.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, the determining of the first signal X according to the MCS index corresponding to the codeword specifically comprising: when it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0, 9], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0, 4], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [0, 14], determining the first signal X = D; when it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [10, 16], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [5, 10], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [15, 20], determining the first signal X = B or X = C; when it is determined that MCS-Table1 is used and the MCS index ∈ [17, 28], or when it is determined that MCS-Table2 is used and the MCS index ∈ [11, 27], or when it is determined that MCS-Table3 is used and the MCS index ∈ [21, 28], determining the first signal X = A.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, the determining of the first signal X comprising: determining the first signal X according to an MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first signal X is determined according to the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword, and specifically comprises: When the MCS modulation order is 2, the first signal X is determined as D; When the MCS modulation order is 4 or 6, the first signal X is determined as B or C; When the MCS modulation order is 8, the first signal X is determined as A.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that, The codeword is one of a plurality of codewords, and the MCS index or MCS modulation order of the codeword is lower than that of the other codewords.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the first signal X is transmitted in M codeword, the N first ports include n1 first ports belonging to a first CDM group, n2 first ports belonging to a second CDM group, … and nM first ports belonging to an Mth CDM group; wherein n1+n2+n3+…nM=N, M is a positive integer greater than 1. n n M is a positive integer greater than 1.​ 14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The first signal X is determined according to the MCS index corresponding to the codeword. The first signal X is determined according to the MCS index corresponding to the codeword, and specifically comprises:

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The first signal X is determined according to the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword. The M MCS indexes corresponding to the M codewords are sorted in ascending order of index size, and X1, X2, …, Xp are determined for the first P codewords, respectively. P wherein X1, X2, …, Xp P = B or C or D. X P+1 , X P+2 ,... X M are determined for the last M - P codewords, respectively P+1 , X P+2 ,... X M = A; Wherein, the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3…X M .

16. The method of claim 13, wherein, The first signal X is determined according to the MCS modulation order corresponding to the codeword, and specifically comprises: The first port is different from the second port, or the second port is any one of the first ports.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, It comprises: The M MCS modulation orders corresponding to the M codewords are sorted from small to large according to the order size, and X1, X2…Xp are determined for the first P codewords respectively. P wherein X1, X2…Xp P =B or C or D; X P+1 , X P+2 , X M , X P+1 , X P+2 , X M = A; Wherein, the first signal X includes X1, X2, X3…X M .

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, A processor for executing computer programs or instructions stored in a memory; 19. A communications device, characterized by The memory is used to store the computer program or the instruction; When the computer program or the instruction and the processor are running, the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-18 is executed. The computer readable storage medium stores instructions, and the instructions are run on the computer to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-18. The computer program product comprises computer programs or instructions for executing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-18.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, ​ 21. A computer program product, characterised in that, ​

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