A punch device for punching a mechanical part in an alternate operation

Abstract

The application discloses an alternating operation mechanical part punching device, which comprises a lower structure, guide columns and a punching structure. A bearing seat, a hydraulic top and a core rod are arranged on the machine box of the lower structure. A storage liquid chamber, an independent communication liquid channel, a same-position communication loop and an inner ring top rod are arranged in the core rod. An upper liquid detection plate with an outer ring top rod is arranged on the upper side of the core rod. A hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel, a punch and a punching spring are arranged in the punch die of the punching structure. The punching structure is provided with a hydraulic branch, a same-position tube and a piston insertion rod. During work, the hydraulic top drives the hydraulic oil in the storage liquid chamber to be shunted to the same-position communication loop and the same-position communication liquid channel of the upper liquid detection plate through the independent communication liquid channel, drives the inner ring top rod and the outer ring top rod to be respectively self-adapted to the pipe wall form from the inner side and the outer side, synchronously adjusts the punch extension length, and the same-position tube locks the punch position. The application realizes targeted support and adaptive stamping of the pipe with uneven wall thickness, effectively avoids pipe deformation, and guarantees the size consistency of multiple hole positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a punching device for mechanical parts that operates alternately. Background Technology

[0002] As the modern machinery manufacturing industry continues to advance towards higher efficiency, automation, and precision, the processing scale of mechanical parts is constantly expanding, placing higher demands on the production efficiency, processing consistency, and scenario adaptability of key processes. Punching, as one of the core processes for forming and assembling mechanical parts, is widely used in various fields such as automotive parts, engineering machinery components, and electronic equipment housings. Its operation mode is directly related to the overall production cycle and product quality stability. In large-scale production scenarios, enterprises' needs for continuous operation, improved equipment utilization, and compatible processing of multi-specification parts are becoming increasingly prominent. Rotary alternating operation mechanical part punching devices have gradually matured in response to this industry development demand. These devices can adapt to the processing of mechanical parts with different sizes and hole diameters, which not only meets the core goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement in modern manufacturing, but also provides a reliable technical solution for high-precision, large-volume punching operations, becoming one of the important equipment for promoting the intelligent upgrading of mechanical processing processes.

[0003] However, in conventional mechanical parts punching devices that currently employ alternating rotation operations, when punching some pipes, there is uneven wall thickness (inclination) in the punching area of ​​the inner or outer wall. Under the conditions of equal height and equal force punching, the thinner areas of the pipe wall are prone to deformation due to excessive stress, which to some extent affects the final processing quality of the parts.

[0004] To address this, a punching device for mechanical parts with alternating operations is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a punching device for mechanical parts with alternating operations, so as to solve the problem of deformation caused by uneven wall thickness of pipes mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a punching device for mechanical parts with alternating operations, comprising:

[0007] Substructure;

[0008] The guide post is bolted to the upper surface of the lower structure;

[0009] The perforated structure slides with the guide post and is limited by the movement of the guide post;

[0010] The lower structure comprises a cabinet, the upper surface of the cabinet is connected with a bearing seat and a hydraulic jack through bolts at positions close to the edges of the cabinet between guide columns, the bearing seat is matched with the bearing inside to face the hydraulic jack and the shaft end of the core rod, the shaft end of the core rod is matched with the bearing seat, and the inside of the core rod is arranged with a plurality of co-site communication loops in a straight line along the shaft core, the inside of the co-site communication loop is matched with the hydraulic spring to elastically define an inner ring jack rod, the co-site communication loop is communicated and arranged with an independent communication liquid channel close to the shaft core side in the core rod, the upper side of the core rod is arranged with an upper liquid detection plate in close proximity, and the inside of the upper liquid detection plate is matched with the hydraulic spring to elastically define an outer ring jack rod with the same shape as the inner ring jack rod.

[0011] The punching structure comprises a punch, the inside of the punch is provided with a plurality of hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels, and the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel is matched with the punching spring to elastically define a punch inside the vertical downward stepped hole of the die hole.

[0012] Preferably, the shaft segment of the core rod is matched with a ratchet wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the co-site communication loop is provided with a plurality of tooth-shaped distribution of the outer surface of the core rod stepped through opening limiting hole grooves, and the inner ring jack rod matched with the shape of the limiting hole groove is matched with the hydraulic spring to be elastically defined inside the limiting hole groove.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring jack rod is protruded from the end of the core rod under the action of the hydraulic pressure and is movably matched in the ball groove on the surface of the friction pad, the surface of the friction pad is provided with anti-skid lines, and itself has a certain elastic stretching capacity.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the core segment of the core rod is integrally formed with a die hole for punching and a groove for embedding and accommodating the friction pad between the arranged inner ring jack rods and corresponding friction pads.

[0016] Preferably, the shaft core position of the core rod is provided with an open storage liquid chamber to the front side of the ratchet wheel, the inside of the storage liquid chamber is slidably sealed with a liquid pumping piston, and the liquid pumping piston is elastically defined in the storage liquid chamber by the hydraulic spring.

[0017] Preferably, the independent communication liquid channels are communicated with one end of the storage liquid chamber close to the ratchet wheel, one end of the independent communication liquid channels is to the front side of the ratchet wheel of the shaft segment of the core rod, and is independently open to the surface of the core rod.

[0018] Preferably, the liquid detection plate is integrally provided with a protruding support body on the side away from the hydraulic head, and the lower surface of the support body is integrally provided with a rotating shaft which is interference-fitted with the bearing inner ring of a support arm, one end of the support arm is bolted to the surface of a bearing seat, the support body of the liquid detection plate is fixed with one of the bevel gears of a bevel gear set directly above the rotating shaft, the bevel gear set is composed of two meshing transmission bevel gears, and the shaft end of one of the bevel gears of the bevel gear set is key-connected with a driving gear, the bevel gear set and the driving gear are both rotationally fitted in a gear box, and the gear box is bolted to the surface of the bearing seat through a support.

[0019] Preferably, the punching structure further comprises a hydraulic module, the upper punch is bolted below the hydraulic module, and the hydraulic module is movably connected with the guide sleeve along the guide column, the lower surface of the upper punch is bolted with an assembly part, and the assembly part is connected with the punch through bolts.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the hydraulic positioning liquid channel is connected with the corresponding independent communication liquid channel and the same-position communication liquid channel through pipelines, the inside of the punch is provided with hydraulic branch channels with a smaller aperture than the hydraulic positioning liquid channels along the paths of the hydraulic positioning liquid channels, one end of the hydraulic branch channels penetrates the punch below the connection interfaces of the hydraulic positioning liquid channels with the independent communication liquid channel and the same-position communication liquid channel, and the end of the penetration is connected with the same-position pipe fixed on the surface of the punch below the penetration end of the punch through the pipeline, the inside of the same-position pipe is elastically connected with the piston insertion rod slidingly fitted in the pipe through the positioning spring, one end of the piston insertion rod is inserted into the inside of the punch from the inside of the same-position pipe along a predetermined insertion hole, and the piston insertion rod is inserted into the inside of the hydraulic positioning liquid channel under the action of the inflowing hydraulic oil to position the punch after the hydraulic height adjustment, the lower surface of the upper punch is provided with the same-row rod and the arc-shaped clamping plate on both sides of the punch, wherein the same-row rod is bolted to the lower surface of the upper punch, the inside of the same-row rod is elastically connected with the telescopic bevel drive sliding block through the spring, and the same-row rod is connected with the ratchet wheel through the bevel drive sliding block to alternately rotate and shift the ratchet wheel with the upper punch, the arc-shaped clamping plate is an arc-shaped tab, one side of the tab is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably connected with the bearing seat under the elastic constraint of the reset torsional spring, the arc-shaped clamping plate is provided with at least one, and each is movably connected with the teeth of the ratchet wheel to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel, the lower surface of the upper punch is bolted with the driving tooth plate, and the driving tooth plate is arranged on one side of the driving gear and meshes with the driving gear to drive the driving gear when the upper punch moves downward.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0022] The present application is characterized in that the inner rod of the inner ring is matched with the C-shaped independent communication liquid channel and the inner ring top rod through the same-position communication loop inside the core rod, the hydraulic oil is extruded to the independent communication liquid channel and is branched to the same-position communication loop by using the hydraulic oil extrusion storage liquid chamber, the inner ring top rod is driven to overcome the hydraulic spring elastic force, the extension amount and the supporting degree are adaptively adjusted according to the wall thickness difference of the pipe inner wall, the targeted support is formed on the thinner area of the pipe wall, the local stress during the subsequent punch stamping is offset, the deformation of the pipe inner wall due to stress overload is effectively prevented, meanwhile, the end of the inner ring top rod is matched with the friction pad ball groove, the irregular shape of the pipe inner wall can be further adapted, and the support fitting degree is improved;

[0023] The present application is characterized in that the inner rod of the inner ring is matched with the C-shaped independent communication liquid channel and the inner ring top rod through the same-position communication loop inside the core rod, the hydraulic oil is extruded to the independent communication liquid channel and is branched to the same-position communication loop by using the hydraulic oil extrusion storage liquid chamber, the inner ring top rod is driven to overcome the hydraulic spring elastic force, the extension amount and the supporting degree are adaptively adjusted according to the wall thickness difference of the pipe inner wall, the targeted support is formed on the thinner area of the pipe wall, the local stress during the subsequent punch stamping is offset, the deformation of the pipe inner wall due to stress overload is effectively prevented, meanwhile, the end of the inner ring top rod is matched with the friction pad ball groove, the irregular shape of the pipe inner wall can be further adapted, and the support fitting degree is improved;

[0024] The present application is characterized in that the inner rod of the inner ring is matched with the C-shaped independent communication liquid channel and the inner ring top rod through the same-position communication loop inside the core rod, the hydraulic oil is extruded to the independent communication liquid channel and is branched to the same-position communication loop by using the hydraulic oil extrusion storage liquid chamber, the inner ring top rod is driven to overcome the hydraulic spring elastic force, the extension amount and the supporting degree are adaptively adjusted according to the wall thickness difference of the pipe inner wall, the targeted support is formed on the thinner area of the pipe wall, the local stress during the subsequent punch stamping is offset, the deformation of the pipe inner wall due to stress overload is effectively prevented, meanwhile, the end of the inner ring top rod is matched with the friction pad ball groove, the irregular shape of the pipe inner wall can be further adapted, and the support fitting degree is improved;

[0025] The present application is characterized in that the inner rod of the inner ring is matched with the C-shaped independent communication liquid channel and the inner ring top rod through the same-position communication loop inside the core rod, the hydraulic oil is extruded to the independent communication liquid channel and is branched to the same-position communication loop by using the hydraulic oil extrusion storage liquid chamber, the inner ring top rod is driven to overcome the hydraulic spring elastic force, the extension amount and the supporting degree are adaptively adjusted according to the wall thickness difference of the pipe inner wall, the targeted support is formed on the thinner area of the pipe wall, the local stress during the subsequent punch stamping is offset, the deformation of the pipe inner wall due to stress overload is effectively prevented, meanwhile, the end of the inner ring top rod is matched with the friction pad ball groove, the irregular shape of the pipe inner wall can be further adapted, and the support fitting degree is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a whole cross-sectional view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the present application after removing the core rod and the liquid feeding detection plate Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the present application after removing the core rod and the liquid feeding detection plate Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 5 The core rod and its internal section view of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 The liquid feeding detection plate and its connecting structure exploded view of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 The punching upper die section view of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 The punching upper die section view of the present application; Figure 7 The enlarged view of A in the middle.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1, lower structure;

[0036] 11, case; 111, bearing seat; 112, hydraulic top;

[0037] 12, core rod; 121, ratchet wheel; 122, same-position communication loop; 123, independent communication liquid channel; 124, storage liquid chamber; 1241, liquid pumping piston; 125, hydraulic spring; 126, inner ring top rod; 127, friction gasket;

[0038] 13, liquid feeding detection plate; 131, same-position communication liquid channel; 132, outer ring top rod; 133, supporting arm; 134, bevel gear set; 135, driving gear;

[0039] 2, guide column;

[0040] 3, punching structure;

[0041] 31, hydraulic module;

[0042] 32, punching upper die; 321, assembly; 322, punch die; 3221, hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel; 3222, punch head; 3223, punching spring; 323, hydraulic branch channel; 324, same-position tube; 3241, piston insertion rod; 3242, positioning spring; 325, same-row rod; 3251, inclined angle driving sliding block; 326, arc-shaped clamping plate; 3261, reset torsional spring; 327, driving toothed plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8The application provides a technical scheme of a punch device for mechanical parts in alternate operation:

[0045] The punch device for mechanical parts in alternate operation comprises:

[0046] A lower structure 1 internally provided with a control and driving module for providing a mounting base;

[0047] A guide column 2 is connected to the upper surface of the lower structure 1 through bolts;

[0048] A punch structure 3 is in sliding fit with the guide column 2 and is limited by the movement of the guide column 2;

[0049] The lower structure 1 comprises a cabinet 11, the upper surface of the cabinet 11 is connected with a bearing seat 111 and a hydraulic jack 112 through bolts at positions close to the edges of the cabinet 11 between the guide columns 2, wherein the bearing seat 111 matches the internal bearing and is in interference fit with the shaft end of the core rod 12 opposite the hydraulic jack 112, the core rod 12 is divided into a shaft segment and a core segment, wherein the core rod 12 is in interference fit with the bearing seat 111 through the shaft segment, and the shaft segment of the core rod 12 is in interference fit with a ratchet wheel 121, a plurality of same-position communication loops 122 in the form of gear communication are arranged in a straight line along the axis inside the core segment of the core rod 12 according to the hole positions of the part surface design, the same-position communication loops 122 have a plurality of tooth-shaped distribution of limited hole grooves which are open in a stepped manner through the outer surface of the core rod 12, and the inside of the limited hole grooves are all elastically limited connected with inner ring ejector pins 126 matched with the shape of the limited hole grooves through hydraulic springs 125, the inner ring ejector pins 126 are protruding from the end of the core rod 12 and are movably fitted in the ball groove on the surface of the friction pad 127 under the action of hydraulic pressure, the surface of the friction pad 127 has anti-skid lines and has a certain elastic stretching capacity, the surface of the core segment of the core rod 12 is integrally formed with a concave die hole for punching and a groove for embedding and accommodating the friction pad 127 between the arranged inner ring ejector pins 126 and corresponding to the friction pad 127, a storage liquid chamber 124 with one end open is arranged on the front side of the ratchet wheel 121 from the shaft segment to the core segment of the core rod 12, and a liquid extraction piston 1241 is slidably and sealingly fitted in the inside of the storage liquid chamber 124, and the liquid extraction piston 1241 is elastically limited in the inside of the storage liquid chamber 124 through the hydraulic spring 125, the same-position communication loops 122 are all independently arranged, and the same-position communication loops 122 are all communicated with C-shaped independent communication channels 123 for separately conveying hydraulic oil near the shaft core inside the core rod 12, the independent communication channels 123 are all annularly distributed along the axis of the storage liquid chamber 124, one end of the independent communication channels 123 is communicated with the storage liquid chamber 124 near the ratchet wheel 121, one end of the independent communication channels 123 is to the front side of the ratchet wheel 121 of the shaft segment of the core rod 12 and is separately open to the surface of the core rod 12, the hydraulic jack 112 is arranged opposite the storage liquid chamber 124, the output end of the hydraulic jack 112 can penetrate into the inside of the storage liquid chamber 124 to push the liquid extraction piston 1241, and the end side of the liquid extraction piston 1241 in contact with the hydraulic oil can be auxiliary fitted with a hydraulic sensor to detect the pressure in the inside of the storage liquid chamber 124, and the realization principle of the hydraulic sensor (HM20 series (such as HM20-23 / 400-C-K35-N, range 60~630bar), EDS3346 series, ATOSE-ATR-8 / 400 / 1) controlling the output of the hydraulic jack 112 is that the hydraulic sensor detects the pressure in the inside of the storage liquid chamber 124 in real time and converts it into an electrical signal, and a control system (such as PLC,The signal is compared with a preset pressure value by a controller (e.g. S7-1200 / S7-1500 series, FX series), a control signal is calculated and outputted according to the deviation, and the output force of the hydraulic jack 112 is adjusted, so as to control the hydraulic oil entering each liquid passage in the adjusting storage chamber 124.

[0050] The punching structure 3 comprises a hydraulic module 31, which comprises a hydraulic ram and a pushing assembly driven by the hydraulic ram, and the pushing assembly is connected with a punching upper die 32 through bolts below, and the pushing assembly is lifted along the guide column 2 in cooperation with the guide sleeve, the lower surface of the punching upper die 32 is connected with an assembly 321 through bolts, and the assembly 321 is connected with a punch 322 through bolts, the punch 322 is provided with a plurality of L-shaped open hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 corresponding to the die hole, and the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 are elastically limited with a punch 3222 in the vertical downward stepped hole of the die hole in cooperation with a punching spring 3223, and the punch 3222 protrudes downward from the punch 322 by the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221, one end of the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 is connected with the corresponding independent communication liquid channel 123 and the same position communication liquid channel 131 through pipelines, the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 are provided with hydraulic branches 323 with smaller hole diameters than the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 inside the punch 322, one end of the hydraulic branches 323 is connected with the independent communication liquid channel 123 and the same position communication liquid channel 131 through the interface below the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 and the independent communication liquid channel 123 and the same position communication liquid channel 131, and is connected with the same position tube 324 fixed on the surface of the punch 322 below the port of the punch 322 through the pipeline, the inside of the same position tube 324 is elastically limited with a piston plug 3241 slidingly fitted in the tube through a positioning spring 3242, one end of the piston plug 3241 is inserted into the inside of the punch 322 from the same position tube 324, and is inserted into the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channels 3221 under the action of the inflowing hydraulic oil to position the punch 3222 after hydraulic height adjustment, the lower surface of the punching upper die 32 is provided with a same row rod 325 and an arc-shaped clamping plate 326 on both sides of the punch 322, wherein the same row rod 325 is connected with the lower surface of the punching upper die 32 through bolts, the inside of the same row rod 325 is elastically connected with a telescopic bevel angle driving sliding block 3251 through a spring, and the same row rod 325 cooperates with the bevel angle driving sliding block 3251 to index and alternately rotate the ratchet wheel 121 (rotate at equal angles) with the punching upper die 32, the arc-shaped clamping plate 326 is an arc-shaped tab, one side of the tab is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably connected with the bearing seat 111 under the elastic constraint of a return torsional spring 3261, the arc-shaped clamping plate 326 is provided with at least one, and each is movably contacted with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 121 to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel 121, the lower surface of the punching upper die 32 is connected with a driving gear plate 327 through bolts, and the driving gear plate 327 is arranged on one side of the driving gear 135 and meshes with the driving gear 135 to drive when the punching upper die 32 moves downward.

[0051] After the device is initialized, the pipe to be processed is sleeved to the core rod 12 core segment (the friction pad 127 is matched to the inner wall, and the die hole is aligned with the preset punching position), the hydraulic top 112 of the cabinet 11 is started, the hydraulic oil in the storage liquid chamber 124 is extruded to the liquid channel, the inner ring top rod 126 is driven to protrude and support the pipe wall and adaptively adjust the length of the punch 3222, the punch 3222 is locked by the homopolar pipe 324, then the hydraulic module 31 of the punching structure 3 drives the upper die 32 to move downward, the punch 3222 is matched with the die hole to complete the current station punching, when moving downward, the upper liquid detection plate 13 is moved away by the driving of the toothed plate 327, when moving upward, the inclined angle of the homopolar rod 325 drives the sliding block 3251 to drive the ratchet wheel 121 to drive the core rod 12 and the pipe to the next station, the arc-shaped clamping plate 326 prevents the ratchet wheel 121 from reversing, and the process is repeated until the overall punching of the pipe is completed.

[0052] As described above, through the matched arrangement of the homopolar communication loop 122, the C-shaped independent communication liquid channel 123 and the inner ring top rod 126 inside the core rod 12, the hydraulic oil in the storage liquid chamber 124 is extruded to the independent communication liquid channel 123 and is branched to the homopolar communication loop 122 by the hydraulic top 112 pushing the pumping piston 1241, the inner ring top rod 126 is driven to protrude against the elastic force of the hydraulic spring 125, the protruding amount and the supporting degree can be adaptively adjusted according to the wall thickness difference of the pipe inner wall, the thin area of the pipe wall is targetedly supported, the local stress during the subsequent punching of the punch 3222 is offset, the deformation of the pipe inner wall due to stress overload is effectively prevented, meanwhile, the multi-degree-of-freedom end of the inner ring top rod 126 is matched with the setting of the ball groove of the friction pad 127, the irregular shape of the pipe inner wall can be further matched, and the support fit degree is improved; through the matched arrangement of the L-shaped hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel 3221 and the punching spring 3223 inside the die 322, the hydraulic oil delivered by the independent communication liquid channel 123 is used to push the punch 3222 to adjust the protruding length against the elastic force of the punching spring 3223, the punch 3222 can match the punching depth according to the pipe wall thickness, and the excessively large stress of the thin area of the pipe wall in the traditional equal-height punching is avoided; through the setting of the hydraulic branch 323, the homopolar pipe 324 and the piston plug rod 3241, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel 3221 is used to flow into the homopolar pipe 324 through the hydraulic branch 323, the piston plug rod 3241 is pushed to insert into the hydraulic position adjusting liquid channel 3221 against the elastic force of the positioning spring 3242, the mechanically locked punch 3222 after hydraulic adjustment is prevented from being deviated due to vibration or hydraulic pressure fluctuation during the punching process, the size consistency and precision of the multi-hole punching are ensured, and the positioning spring 3242 can drive the piston plug rod 3241 to be automatically withdrawn after the hydraulic oil is released, without affecting the subsequent adjustment of the punch 3222.

[0053] As an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the upper side of the mandrel 12 is provided with an upper liquid detection plate 13, and the inside of the upper liquid detection plate 13 is also provided with a limited hole groove which is the same as the same position communication loop 122, and the inside of the limited hole groove is elastically limited with an outer ring ejector pin 132 which is the same shape as the inner ring ejector pin 126 by cooperating with a hydraulic spring 125, and the upper liquid detection plate 13 is integrally provided with a protruding support on the side away from the hydraulic ejector 112, and the lower surface of the support is integrally provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is interference fitted with the bearing inner ring of the supporting arm 133, one end of the supporting arm 133 is bolted to the surface of the bearing seat 111, and the support of the upper liquid detection plate 13 is fixed with one bevel gear of the bevel gear set 134 above the rotating shaft, the bevel gear set 134 is composed of two meshing transmission bevel gears, and the shaft end of one bevel gear of the bevel gear set 134 is key connected with the driving gear 135, and the bevel gear set 134 and the driving gear 135 are both rotationally fitted in the gear box, and the gear box is bolted to the surface of the bearing seat 111 by the support.

[0054] In operation, the hydraulic oil of the independent communication liquid channel 123 is synchronously delivered to the same position communication liquid channel 131 of the upper liquid detection plate 13, and the outer ring ejector pin 132 is driven to protrude from the outside to top the surface of the support pipe in a fluctuating or flush posture, and the supply amount of the hydraulic oil will change with the shape of the outer surface of the pipe, further adjusting the output length of the punch 3222, and the length adjustment of the punch 3222 is mainly based on the height difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe, and when the inner surface has a difference, it is mainly dominated by the inner ring ejector pin 126, and when the outer surface has a difference, it is mainly dominated by the outer ring ejector pin 132.

[0055] In summary, through the arrangement of the upper liquid detection plate 13, the same position communication liquid channel 131 inside it and the outer ring ejector pin 132, the hydraulic oil is synchronously delivered to the same position communication liquid channel 131 by the independent communication liquid channel 123, the outer ring ejector pin 132 is driven to protrude to top the outer wall of the support pipe, which can adapt to the shape difference of the outer surface slope and curved surface of the pipe from the outside, and form an inner and outer double adaptation adjustment with the inner ring ejector pin 126, and jointly adjust the supply amount of hydraulic oil according to the height difference between the inner and outer walls of the pipe, and then control the output length of the punch 3222, so as to avoid the deformation or substandard punching of the pipe caused by improper punching depth of the punch 3222 due to the shape difference of the outer wall; through the linkage arrangement of the driving tooth plate 327, the driving gear 135 and the bevel gear set 134, when the upper die 32 of the punching is lowered, the driving tooth plate 327 is driven to mesh with the driving gear 135, and then the bevel gear set 134 changes the driving direction to drive the upper liquid detection plate 13 to rotate at least 90° around the rotating shaft of the supporting arm 133, which can realize that the upper liquid detection plate 13 is automatically moved away during the punching operation, so as to avoid its interference with the downward path of the punch 3222.

[0056] Working principle: when working, first complete the device initialization, then set the pipe fittings to be processed to the core segment of the core rod 12, at this time the inner wall of the pipe fittings and the friction pad 127 on the surface of the core segment are in initial contact, the friction pad 127 has anti-skid lines and elastic stretching capacity, which can preliminarily adapt to the shape of the inner wall of the pipe fittings, at the same time, the concave die hole integrally formed between the inner ring top rod 126 on the surface of the core segment accurately corresponds to the pre-set punching position of the pipe fittings, then the hydraulic top 112 on the upper surface of the cabinet 11 is started, the output end of the hydraulic top 112 penetrates into the storage liquid chamber 124 inside the axis of the core rod 12, pushes the liquid piston 1241 to overcome the elastic force of the hydraulic spring 125 in the storage liquid chamber 124, and extrudes the hydraulic oil in the storage liquid chamber 124 to the annularly distributed C-shaped independent communication liquid channel 123, the hydraulic oil is distributed to the same communication loop 122 through the independent communication liquid channel 123, and the pressure of the inner ring top rod 126 in the loop is generated, so that the inner ring top rod 126 overcomes the elastic force of the hydraulic spring 125 in the hole slot, and protrudes from the surface of the core rod 12, because the end of the inner ring top rod 126 is movably matched in the ball groove on the surface of the friction pad 127, the posture can be adaptively adjusted according to the thickness difference of the inner wall of the pipe fittings, the inner ring top rod 126 protrudes more in the thinner area of the inner wall of the pipe fittings, not only can form sufficient support to the area through the friction pad 127, offset the stress during subsequent stamping, avoid deformation of the pipe wall, but also can introduce more hydraulic oil, and use the hydraulic force generated by the different amount of hydraulic oil entering to synchronously adjust the output length of the punch 3222 in the hydraulic positioning liquid channel 3221;

[0057] At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the independent communication liquid channel 123 is also synchronously delivered to the same communication liquid channel 131 of the upper liquid detection plate 13 through the pipeline, drives the outer ring top rod 132 in the array inside the upper liquid detection plate 13 to protrude from the surface of the plate body, and the outer surface of the pipe fittings is top-supported in different output lengths in fluctuating posture or in equal length flat posture according to the surface path of the pipe fittings from the outside, wherein, if the outer surface of the pipe fittings presents as an inclined surface, a curved surface or a fluctuating path, the hydraulic oil entering the same communication liquid channel 131 will also change, and the output length of the punch 3222 in the hydraulic positioning liquid channel 3221 can be further adjusted by using the hydraulic force generated by the different amount of hydraulic oil entering.

[0058] If only the inner tube surface of the pipe has height difference, the output length of the punch 3222 is mainly determined by the inner ring ejector pin 126, if only the outer tube surface of the pipe has height difference, the output length of the punch 3222 is mainly determined by the outer ring ejector pin 132, and part of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic positioning liquid channel 3221 enters the hydraulic branch channel 323, which guides part of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic positioning liquid channel 3221 to the same position pipe 324 on the surface of the die 322, pushes the piston plug 3241 in the same position pipe 324 to overcome the elastic force of the positioning spring 3242, and penetrates into the hydraulic positioning liquid channel 3221 through the predetermined insertion hole, mechanically locks the adjusted punch 3222, prevents the position deviation of the punch 3222 during stamping, and ensures the punching accuracy;

[0059] When the pipe positioning is completed, the hydraulic module 31 of the punching structure 3 is started, the pushing assembly cooperates with the guide sleeve to stably descend along the guide column 2, the punching upper die 32 connected by bolts is synchronously lowered, the punching upper die 32 drives the assembly 321, the die 322 and the positioned punch 3222 on the lower surface, and then the punch 3222 cooperates with the core segment die hole to complete the punching operation of the corresponding position of the pipe, which is a wall thickness adaptive punching process for the surface of the pipe, so as to avoid deformation caused by stress concentration;

[0060] When the punching upper die 32 is lowered, the same row rod 325 and the driving tooth plate 327 on the lower surface of the punching upper die 32 are synchronously lowered, wherein the driving tooth plate 327 is rotated and driven to drive the driving gear 135, the driving gear 135 is rotated and driven to drive the upper liquid detection plate 13 supported by the supporting arm 133 through the bevel gear set 134 by at least ninety degrees, so that the upper liquid detection plate 13 is moved away from the upper side of the pipe, facilitating the punching operation of the punching upper die 32, and the bevel angle driving slider 3251 elastically connected by the spring in the same row rod 325 is in contact with the tooth surface of the ratchet wheel 121 during the ascending process, the ratchet wheel 121 is driven to rotate by the bevel angle structure, and then the core rod 12 and the pipe are synchronously rotated, so as to switch to the next punching station, at the same time, the arc-shaped clamping plate 326 elastically constrained by the reset torsional spring 3261 on the bearing seat 111 is always in active contact with the ratchet wheel 121, clamps the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel 121 during the rotation gap of the ratchet wheel 121, prevents the reverse rotation of the ratchet wheel 121, ensures the station switching accuracy (similar to the current pull line switch), and the like, so as to complete the overall punching process of the pipe.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A punching device for mechanical parts with alternating operations, comprising: Lower structure (1); The guide post (2) is bolted to the upper surface of the lower structure (1); The punched structure (3) slides with the guide post (2) and is limited by the movement of the guide post (2); Its features are: The lower structure (1) includes a chassis (11). The upper surface of the chassis (11) is connected to a bearing seat (111) and a hydraulic jack (112) by bolts between the guide posts (2) at a position near the edge of the chassis (11). The bearing seat (111) is in contact with the bearing inside, and the hydraulic jack (112) is in an interference fit with the shaft end of the mandrel (12). The shaft end of the mandrel (12) is in an interference fit with the bearing seat (111). The mandrel (12) has multiple co-located connecting loops (122) arranged in a straight line along the axis inside. The inner ring top rod (126) of each of the corresponding connecting loops (122) is elastically defined by a hydraulic spring (125). Each of the corresponding connecting loops (122) has an independent connecting liquid channel (123) connected to the inner side of the core rod (12) near the shaft core. An upper liquid detection plate (13) is provided adjacent to the upper side of the core rod (12), and the inner ring top rod (132) of the upper liquid detection plate (13) is elastically defined by a hydraulic spring (125) in accordance with the corresponding connecting loop (122), and has an outer ring top rod (132) of the same shape as the inner ring top rod (126). The shaft section of the mandrel (12) is interference-fitted with a ratchet (121). Each of the independent connecting liquid channels (123) is connected to one end of the storage liquid chamber (124) near the ratchet (121). One end of each of the independent connecting liquid channels (123) is connected to the front side of the ratchet (121) of the core rod (12) shaft section and is open to the surface of the core rod (12) separately. The upper liquid detection plate (13) has a protruding support integrally provided on the side away from the hydraulic top (112), and the lower surface of the support integrally provided with a rotating shaft, which is used to make an interference fit with the inner ring of the bearing of the support arm (133). One end of the support arm (133) is connected to the surface of the bearing seat (111) by bolts. The support of the upper liquid detection plate (13) is fixed to one of the bevel gears of the bevel gear set (134) directly above the rotating shaft. The bevel gear set (134) is composed of two meshing bevel gears, and the shaft end of one of the bevel gears of the bevel gear set (134) is keyed to the drive gear (135). The bevel gear set (134) and the drive gear (135) are both rotatably fitted in the gearbox, and the gearbox is connected to the surface of the bearing seat (111) by bolts through the bracket. The punching structure (3) includes a punch (322), the punch (322) has multiple hydraulic adjustment channels (3221) inside, and the punch (3222) is elastically limited by a punch spring (3223) in the stepped channel that is vertically downward from the die hole.

2. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The co-position connecting loop (122) has multiple toothed, stepped, open-ended limiting slots on the outer surface of the core rod (12), and the inner ring top rod (126) that matches the shape of the limiting slots is elastically limited inside the limiting slots by a hydraulic spring (125).

3. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring top rod (126) protrudes from the end of the core rod (12) under hydraulic pressure and moves freely in the ball groove on the surface of the friction pad (127). The surface of the friction pad (127) has anti-slip texture and has a certain elastic tensile capacity.

4. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core segment surface of the core rod (12) is integrally formed with punching die holes and grooves for embedding and receiving the friction pads (127) between the arranged inner ring top rods (126) and the corresponding friction pads (127).

5. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core rod (12) has an open storage chamber (124) located at the axial position to the front side of the ratchet (121). The storage chamber (124) is fitted with a sliding seal piston (1241), and the piston (1241) is elastically limited inside the storage chamber (124) by a hydraulic spring (125).

6. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punching structure (3) also includes a hydraulic module (31). The lower part of the hydraulic module (31) is connected to the upper punching die (32) by bolts. The hydraulic module (31) moves up and down along the guide post (2) in conjunction with the guide sleeve. The lower surface of the upper punching die (32) is connected to the fitting (321) by bolts. The fitting (321) is connected to the punching die (322) by bolts.

7. The alternating operation punching device for mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the hydraulic adjustment channel (3221) is connected to the corresponding independent connecting channel (123) and the corresponding connecting channel (131) via a pipeline. The die (322) has hydraulic branch channels (323) with smaller apertures than the hydraulic adjustment channel (3221) along the path of the hydraulic adjustment channel (3221). One end of the hydraulic branch channel (323) passes through the die (322) below the interface between the hydraulic adjustment channel (3221) and the independent connecting channel (123) and the corresponding connecting channel (131), and passes through the die (322). The port of 22) is connected to the corresponding pipe (324) fixed to the surface of the die (322) on the lower side of the port of the through die (322). The inside of the corresponding pipe (324) is elastically connected to the piston rod (3241) that slides inside the pipe through the positioning spring (3242). One end of the piston rod (3241) is inserted into the die (322) through the predetermined insertion hole inside the corresponding pipe (324) and inserted into the hydraulic adjustment channel (3221) under the action of the hydraulic oil, so as to adjust the height of the punch (3222) by hydraulic adjustment. For the interlocking positioning, the lower surface of the punching upper die (32) is provided with a parallel rod (325) and an arc-shaped clamping plate (326) on both sides of the punching die (322). The parallel rod (325) is bolted to the lower surface of the punching upper die (32), and the interior of the parallel rod (325) is elastically connected to a telescopic angled drive slider (3251) by a spring. The parallel rod (325) and the angled drive slider (3251) rotate and reposition with the punching upper die (32) on the ratchet (121) in an indexing manner. The arc-shaped clamping plate (326) is an arc-shaped lever, and the lever... One side of the die has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably connected to the bearing seat (111) under the elastic constraint of the return torsion spring (3261). At least one arc-shaped clamping plate (326) is provided, and all of them are in active contact with the teeth of the ratchet (121), thereby limiting the rotation of the ratchet (121). The lower surface of the punching die (32) is connected to a drive tooth plate (327) by bolts, and the drive tooth plate (327) is located on one side of the drive gear (135), and when the punching die (32) moves down, it engages with the drive gear (135) to drive it.

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