Building elevator car frame dismounting tool and operation process in shaft

Abstract

The application discloses a building existing hoistway elevator car frame dismounting tool, and relates to the field of elevator car frame dismounting, which comprises a positioning beam and a supporting beam, a hoisting support assembly is arranged in the middle of the positioning beam, the hoisting support assembly is detachably connected to the positioning beam through a plurality of first connecting assemblies, and the positioning beam is detachably connected to the supporting beam through a plurality of second connecting assemblies. The application also discloses a building existing hoistway elevator car frame operation process, and relates to the field of elevator car frame dismounting, which comprises operation preparation, positioning of the car frame, installation of the dismounting tool, verification and positioning of hoisting ropes, dismounting of electrical and mechanical components, secondary positioning of the car frame, lowering of the elevator car frame, and post-operation treatment. The application has the effects of facilitating dismounting of the elevator car frame, guaranteeing safety of dismounting operation, improving dismounting efficiency and quality, and avoiding occurrence of jamming of the car frame and guide rails.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of elevator car frame disassembly, in particular to an elevator car frame disassembly tool and operation process in an existing hoistway of a building. BACKGROUND

[0002] An elevator is a general term for vertical transportation tools and fixed lifting equipment in a building. Different types of elevators are set up according to the height of the building, the purpose and the passenger flow (or the material flow). In terms of purpose, it mainly consists of passenger elevators, freight elevators, medical elevators, miscellaneous elevators, sightseeing elevators, vehicle elevators, ship elevators, and construction elevators. Passenger elevators are special elevators for transporting passengers, which require perfect safety facilities and certain interior decoration. They are the most widely used elevators at present, and with the popularization of high-rise buildings (structures), the market application prospect of passenger elevators is extremely broad.

[0003] The function of an elevator is vertical lifting in a building, and its working principle is that the two ends of a traction rope are connected with a car and a counterweight, respectively, and are wound around a traction sheave and a guide sheave. A traction motor drives the traction sheave to rotate after speed reduction by a reducer, and the traction force generated by the friction between the traction rope and the traction sheave realizes the lifting movement of the car and the counterweight, achieving the purpose of transportation. Therefore, an elevator mainly consists of a traction system, a guide system, a counterweight device, a safety device, an electric drive system, a signal control system, a hall door, a car, etc. The car is an elevator component for transporting passengers and goods, is the working part of the elevator, and is directly contacted by passengers (riders) and goods. It is also the part that passengers (riders) have direct cognition. The car consists of a car frame and a car body.

[0004] The car frame (hanging frame) is a load-bearing mechanism of the car, which consists of an upper beam, a lower beam, a column (side beam), a pull rod (brace), a bottom beam, etc. Its function is to fix and suspend the car. The bottom beam is installed at the bottom of the car frame and is also known as a sheave beam. As the name implies, it is composed of a wheel, a beam, and a mounting seat, which are three relatively independent devices, and realizes the supporting and functional structure of the car under the condition of heavy load. The middle part of the bottom beam is an independent rectangular beam, and the two sides are rotating sheaves and their supporting seats (wheel seats). The beam, the wheel, and the seat are connected by high-strength fasteners to form a relatively integral functional device.

[0005] As a mechanical and electrical equipment, an elevator will eventually have a time point for disassembly. Due to factors such as the state of the equipment itself, the use demand of the building, the requirement of compliance and safety, the utilization of resources, and the change of scene, it covers the whole scene from the life cycle of the elevator equipment to the adjustment of the building function, which is as follows:

[0006] Firstly, the equipment itself reaches the “retirement” condition (the most core reason)

[0007] As a special equipment, elevator has a clear service life and safety threshold. When the equipment itself cannot meet the safety or use requirements, it must be disassembled and replaced, mainly including but not limited to the following reasons:

[0008] Reach the design service life: The design life of elevator is usually 15-25 years (the life of heavy-duty elevator and high-frequency use elevator may be shorter), after the life, the metal fatigue and wear of core components (car frame, traction machine, control system, guide rail) are irreversible, the maintenance frequency and cost will rise sharply, and the safety risk cannot be completely eliminated by maintenance, so the whole equipment needs to be disassembled and replaced.

[0009] Core components are severely damaged / faulty: Due to accidents (such as fire, flood, impact), long-term overload operation or manufacturing defects, key components such as traction machine, safety gear, speed limiter and car bearing structure are severely damaged, and the repair cost is more than 50%-70% of the equipment residual value (industry conventional threshold), so disassembly and replacement is more economical and safe than maintenance.

[0010] High maintenance cost and low cost performance: It is difficult to purchase spare parts for some old elevators (such as early imported elevators and discontinued products), or they still frequently malfunction after maintenance, and the annual maintenance cost is close to or even exceeds the average annual use cost of new elevators (including depreciation), and the safety and stability are poor, so they need to be disassembled and eliminated.

[0011] The equipment technology is backward and cannot meet the use requirements: The running efficiency (slow speed, start-stop jerk), comfort (loud noise, obvious vibration) or function (no intelligent control, no emergency rescue system) of early elevators (such as no frequency conversion speed regulation, no barrier-free facilities, small load capacity) cannot adapt to the current use scenarios (such as increasing passenger flow in office buildings and barrier-free demand in residential areas), so they need to be disassembled and replaced for upgrading.

[0012] Secondly, the adjustment or reconstruction of building function

[0013] The use and structure of the building itself are changed, which makes the original elevator no longer suitable, and it needs to be disassembled (or relocated and reinstalled).

[0014] Reconstruction / renovation of existing building: When old buildings (such as old residential buildings and old factories) are reinforced for earthquake resistance and structurally modified, the shaft size and bearing structure may be changed, and the original elevator cannot adapt to the new shaft; or the use of the building is changed after reconstruction (such as changing a factory into an office building or a residence into a commercial building), the load capacity, speed and car size of the elevator need to be adjusted, so the old elevator needs to be disassembled and replaced.

[0015] Building expansion / contraction: When a building is expanded (adding floors to a high-rise building), the lifting height and traction system of the original elevator cannot meet the requirements; or part of the building is demolished (such as the demolition of a podium), which occupies the original elevator shaft, so the original elevator needs to be disassembled and relocated.

[0016] Shaft or building structure damage: Shaft wall cracks, load-bearing beam damage, structural foundation failure of the elevator operation due to disasters such as earthquakes, subsidence, fires, etc. The elevator cannot be preserved by reinforcing the shaft, and needs to be disassembled and re-planned and installed.

[0017] Third aspect, compliance and safety requirements (mandatory removal reasons)

[0018] Elevators must comply with national special equipment safety regulations. When the equipment does not meet the current standards or cannot pass the inspection, it must be disassembled:

[0019] Cannot pass the regular safety inspection: Elevators need to be detected by special equipment inspection agencies every year. If there are fatal defects such as safety clamp failure, speed limiter not meeting standards, and guide rail deviation exceeding standards, and cannot be rectified to be qualified, it will be judged as "unqualified", prohibited from use, and needs to be disassembled and replaced.

[0020] Current regulations / standards update: New elevator safety standards (such as barrier-free design specifications, emergency rescue requirements, energy-saving standards) are introduced by the state. The original elevator cannot be upgraded to meet the new regulations (such as old elevators without voice station announcement and Braille buttons, and cannot be installed), and needs to be disassembled and replaced to comply.

[0021] There are major safety hazards: Serious safety accidents (such as car falling, trapping people) have occurred during elevator operation, and the hazards cannot be completely eliminated after evaluation; or there are fire hazards in the shaft (such as elevator conflict with fire passage), and the electrical system is aging and prone to fire, which needs to be forcibly disassembled.

[0022] Fourth aspect, resource utilization and scenario change

[0023] Equipment recycling and secondary use: The elevator has not reached the scrap age, but the building is demolished or the project is terminated, and the core components (car, traction machine, control system) are in good condition. After overall disassembly, renovation and maintenance, it is transferred to other projects for secondary use (such as temporary elevators on construction sites, small building elevators), improving resource utilization.

[0024] Building demolition: The entire building is demolished due to urban planning, dangerous building renovation, etc. The elevator, as an ancillary equipment of the building, needs to be disassembled in advance (to avoid damaging parts or causing safety accidents during demolition), and some recyclable parts can be recycled after disassembly (such as steel and copper cable recycling).

[0025] Elevator quantity / layout optimization: During the use of the building, the elevator passenger flow distribution is uneven (such as some elevators are idle and some elevators are congested), or the original elevator layout is unreasonable (such as close to the fire passage, affecting indoor lighting), and some elevators need to be disassembled, and the installation location or number needs to be re-planned.

[0026] The core logic of elevator dismantling is "safety first, adaptation to demand, compliance with standards, and economic rationality". When the equipment itself cannot guarantee safety (end of life, serious failure), when the building / use demand changes cause the elevator to be unsuitable, when it cannot meet the current regulatory requirements, when resource recycling is achieved through dismantling, etc. Forced to remove. With the service of elevators in the 1980s and 1990s, and the implementation of national urbanization and shantytown renovation, there are many elevators to be dismantled in the country, and the market is broad. The current building construction and elevator maintenance industry for the dismantling of elevators in the shaft of existing buildings mainly includes:

[0027] Step-by-step disassembly and hoisting method: It is the most widely used traditional method in the industry. When operating, first run the car to the top or bottom level, fix the car by diagonal pull of Φ16mm or more reinforced steel wire rope, start the safety clamp to lock the car on the guide rail. The disassembly sequence follows "electrical components → car door assembly → car wall → car bottom → car frame", the disassembled car frame is hoisted by the pre-set electric hoist or manual hoist in the shaft, and slowly moved to the shaft bottom or operation platform before being transported out of the shaft. This method is suitable for most old elevators and narrow shafts, and has low requirements for equipment.

[0028] New and old linkage disassembly method: It is mainly used for elevator renovation projects, and the core is to reuse the old elevator traction system to realize disassembly and assembly at the same time. First, move the old car to a specific height, assemble the new car frame and detachably connect it with the old car lower beam to form a combined operation platform. Relying on this platform, the old car guide rail and car frame are gradually removed, while the new guide rail is installed at the same time. The disassembled old car frame is directly transported through the operation platform. This method can reduce the separate fixing and hoisting links, and is suitable for elevator projects that need to be updated as a whole.

[0029] Segmented downlink disassembly method: It is suitable for scenarios where the overall car frame is large in size and the top of the shaft has insufficient hoisting space. First, remove redundant parts such as the car roof and car wall to reduce the stress volume of the car frame, then use multiple steel wire ropes to fix the car frame girder at different points. Control the speed by manual hoist to segmentally lower the car frame to different floors corresponding to the shaft maintenance opening, and then move it out in segments after disassembling the connection points. This method can avoid the risk of high-altitude long-distance hoisting and is suitable for high-rise building shafts.

[0030] The current building construction and elevator maintenance industry for the dismantling of elevators in the shaft of existing buildings mainly includes:

[0031] Disassembly tools: manual tools include socket wrench set, torque wrench, hydraulic expander (for rusted connections); cutting tools include angle grinder (with diamond cutting disc) and plasma cutting machine (for car frame metal connections); measurement tools include level and laser alignment instrument for positioning disassembly points and detecting car frame level.

[0032] Hoisting equipment: the core equipment includes a special lifting tool with a 2-ton rated load, an electric hoist (with a load-bearing chain), a manual hoist, and a steel wire rope with a breaking force of ≥157 kN and anti-loose rope clamps (not less than 3); in some scenarios, a hydraulic lifting platform is used instead of traditional hoisting to reduce the risk of gravity center deviation.

[0033] Safety and auxiliary equipment: protective equipment includes fall arresters, safety nets, insulating gloves, safety glasses, etc.; auxiliary equipment includes 12V emergency lighting, leakage protection temporary distribution box, warning tape, fire extinguisher, and hydraulic forklift for component transfer.

[0034] The common process for disassembling an elevator car is implemented in the order of "electrical components → car door → car roof → car wall → car frame → car bottom → safety gear → other components". In terms of the elevator car frame, it is the key process in the disassembly of the elevator car and the most important part of the disassembly of the elevator structure in the building shaft. Before disassembly, the safety gear should be activated to fix the car on the guide rail, and the car should not be moved up or down during the disassembly process; if the car is disassembled at the top floor, a scaffold should be erected in the shaft, and a secondary protection for hoisting the car should be provided to prevent accidental falling of the car. However, the existing disassembly tools and process methods can meet the overall disassembly and dismantling disassembly operations in the building shaft, but there are still some deficiencies, namely:

[0035] Insufficient hoisting positioning and balance control: when using conventional lifting ropes, hand-operated hoists, and other tools, it is difficult to precisely adjust the hoisting angle and horizontal balance of the car frame, and during the disassembly process, the car frame may tilt and jam the guide rail, increasing the disassembly resistance and possibly scratching the guide rail and shaft wall, causing damage to the components. Moreover, the temporary lifting points rely on the top ring beam of the shaft, and no special stress calculation is performed, which may result in deformation or falling of the lifting points.

[0036] Low disassembly efficiency and easy damage to connecting components: the connecting bolts between the car frame, car chassis, uprights, and upper beams are in a long-term fastened state, and when disassembled using ordinary wrenches and crowbars, the bolts may slip or break; for severely corroded bolts, rough cutting using a gas cutter may damage the car frame base material, making the components unable to be reused, and the sparks generated by the gas cutter may ignite oil stains and debris left in the shaft, posing a fire hazard.

[0037] Lack of fall and tilt protection measures: during disassembly, only the lifting tool bears the weight, and no secondary fall prevention safety rope (such as a safety steel wire rope) is provided, so if the lifting rope or hoist fails, the car frame will fall directly; and no tilt prevention guide device is provided on both sides of the car frame, so the car frame may sway and collide with the shaft components during disassembly, causing object impact risks.

[0038] Poor operation space and cooperation: the operation space is narrow, and it is difficult to simultaneously perform actions such as bolt disassembly, sling adjustment, and balance observation. Cross-trade cooperation (lifting and disassembly personnel) relies on oral communication, and there is no visual monitoring or intercom equipment, which may cause miscommunication and operation rhythm confusion.

[0039] Insufficient control of heavy component lowering: the elevator car frame is a heavy component, and when a manual hoist is used for lowering, the lowering speed cannot be accurately controlled, and the phenomenon of "vehicle sliding" may occur. The lowering path is not cleared of obstacles in advance, and no buffer measures are provided, so that the component may be in hard contact with the ground when lowered to the bottom floor, causing structural deformation.

[0040] In summary, the number of elevator disassembly in the existing building shaft is large, and the market prospect is broad, but the space in the shaft is limited, large lifting equipment cannot be used, the skill and experience of the operating personnel are required, and the existing disassembly process and tooling have great room for growth in terms of efficiency, safety, greenness, and energy saving. For elevator car frame disassembly, lifting operation is the most critical process, and determining the lifting point, sling, operating personnel, and disassembly lifting technical scheme is an essential element to ensure safety. Once an accident occurs, it may cause mass casualties, and the loss of personnel and materials is huge.

[0041] Therefore, the elevator car frame disassembly operation in the existing building shaft must be based on "safety first, process compliance, tool reliability, and personnel qualification" as the core, establish a whole-process control system, and reduce occupational health risks to the minimum. On the basis of ensuring safety, operation efficiency is improved, and the market core competitiveness of enterprises is promoted. SUMMARY

[0042] To improve the problem that the elevator disassembly in the existing building shaft is limited by the narrow space in the shaft, large lifting equipment cannot be used, the skill and experience of the operating personnel are required, and the existing disassembly process and tooling have great room for growth in terms of efficiency, safety, greenness, and energy saving, the present application provides a building elevator car frame disassembly tool and operation process in the existing shaft.

[0043] In a first aspect, the building elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing shaft provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0044] The building elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing shaft comprises a positioning beam and a supporting beam, a lifting support assembly is arranged in the middle of the positioning beam, the lifting support assembly is detachably connected to the positioning beam through a plurality of first connecting assemblies, and the positioning beam is detachably connected to the supporting beam through a plurality of first connecting assemblies.

[0045] By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning beam and the supporting beam are arranged in cooperation to provide a stable support structure for the disassembly tool; the lifting support assembly is arranged at the middle part of the positioning beam, facilitating connection with hoisting equipment; the first connecting assembly realizes detachable connection of the lifting support assembly with the positioning beam and the positioning beam with the supporting beam, facilitating installation, disassembly and maintenance of the tool, and improving the problems of uneven force, poor stability and high safety risk in the disassembly process of the elevator car frame in the prior art.

[0046] Optionally, the lifting support assembly comprises a lifting frame and a reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is welded on the lifting frame, and through holes are formed on both sides of the lifting frame.

[0047] By adopting the technical scheme, the reinforcing plate is welded on the lifting frame, the overall strength and rigidity of the lifting support assembly are enhanced, so that the lifting support assembly can better withstand the tension and pressure in the hoisting process. The through holes formed on both sides of the lifting frame facilitate connection of the hoisting device, and further ensure the stability and safety in the hoisting process.

[0048] Optionally, the first connecting assembly comprises a bolt, a first nut and a gasket, the bolt passes through the lifting frame, the positioning beam and the gasket, and the first nut is threadedly connected to the end of the bolt.

[0049] By adopting the technical scheme, the bolt, the first nut and the gasket are combined to realize stable connection of the lifting support assembly with the positioning beam and the positioning beam with the supporting beam. The gasket can disperse the connection pressure, prevent local stress concentration, and improve the durability and reliability of the connection.

[0050] Optionally, the second connecting assembly comprises a connecting screw rod, a pair of second nuts and a pair of positioning support plates, the positioning support plates are located on the sides away from each other of the positioning beam and the supporting beam, the connecting screw rod passes through the positioning beam, the supporting beam and the positioning support plates, and the second nuts are threadedly connected to the two ends of the connecting screw rod.

[0051] By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting structure composed of the connecting screw rod and the positioning support plates enables the positioning beam and the supporting beam to be tightly and reliably clamped and fixed on the upper beam and the lower beam of the car frame, forming a rigid connection.

[0052] In the second aspect, the building existing hoistway elevator car frame operation process provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0053] The building existing hoistway elevator car frame operation process adopts the disassembly tool provided in the first aspect to disassemble the elevator car frame, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Job preparation, pre-job preparation and risk assessment: check the car frame parameters, confirm the load capacity of the hoist point at the top of the shaft and issue a calculation report; clean up the debris in the shaft, mark the guide rail and cable position, and mark the operation warning area; cut off the main power supply and emergency power supply of the elevator, hang warning signs, and discharge the capacitor of the frequency converter; hold a pre-shift meeting to clarify the division of labor; dismantle the appearance and integrity of the tooling and confirm: ensure that the surface of all parts of the tooling is not damaged, has no cracks or welding, and matches the model of the car frame to be dismantled;

[0055] Position the car frame and stop it in the designated area (usually near the bottom of the shaft or a designated floor); Set up a hoisting point at the top of the shaft and install a main hoisting electric hoist and an auxiliary leveling hand-operated hoist on the hoisting point;

[0056] Install the disassembly tool, place the open end of the positioning beam downward on the top plane of the car frame; Place the open end of the supporting beam upward on the bottom plane of the car frame; Fix the position of the positioning beam and the supporting beam through multiple sets of second connecting assemblies; Fix the lifting support assembly in the central area of the positioning beam plane through multiple sets of first connecting assemblies; Install another set of disassembly tool on the other end of the car frame;

[0057] Verify and position the hoisting cable, hang the balancing sling on the car frame, and ensure uniform stress; Connect independent safety steel wire rope and safety catch on the disassembly tool; Install guide wheels between the car frame and the guide rail on both sides to limit the shaking amplitude; Set up a hard isolation platform below the working floor and lay a rubber cushion layer at the bottom of the shaft;

[0058] Dismantle the electrical and mechanical components, remove the fixing bolts of the car chassis and the car frame, support the chassis with temporary supports to prevent it from falling over; disassemble the car frame and the car roof guardrail, wire slot, cable and other accessories, and bundle and fix the cable reel; Spray rust remover on rusted bolts before disassembling them with tools; Do not use gas cutting for steel materials;

[0059] Secondly, position the car frame, disassemble the car frame accessories, tighten the main hoist, and make the car frame slightly stressed. After stopping, check the stress state of the hoisting point and sling; Fine-tune the height of the four corners of the car frame to ensure that the horizontal deviation of the car frame is ≤2°, avoiding the car frame from being stuck in the guide rail; Observe the distance between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall, and real-time transmit adjustment instructions;

[0060] Lower the elevator car frame, start the variable frequency electric hoist to lower the elevator car frame at a constant speed. If the guide wheel is stuck, stop lowering immediately, adjust and continue lowering; Slow down the lowering speed when the car frame approaches the bottom, so that it falls smoothly on the cushion layer; After landing, first fix the car frame with supports to prevent it from falling over, and then remove the sling and safety rope;

[0061] After the operation, remove the lifting and protection devices, count and store the operation tools, clean the shaft operation garbage, recover waste oil and liquid, and remove the warning signs.

[0062] By adopting the above technical solutions, the operation preparation step lays the foundation for subsequent operations; the positioning car frame step guarantees stability during disassembly; the installation and disassembly tool step enhances operation safety; the verification and positioning hoisting cable step establishes a multiple safety protection system; the disassembly of electrical components step prevents component dumping and cable disorder; the second positioning car frame step fine-tunes the four-corner height to ensure levelness and avoid jamming the guide rail; and the lowering of the elevator car frame step and the post-operation processing step make the disassembly process more complete and standardized.

[0063] Optionally, in the operation preparation step, a "no closing" sign is hung near the operation area, and the discharge time of the frequency converter capacitor is greater than 15 minutes.

[0064] By adopting the above technical solutions, the "no closing" sign hung near the operation area serves as a reminder to avoid accidents caused by accidental power-on during the operation; and the discharge time of the frequency converter capacitor is greater than 15 minutes, which can eliminate residual electricity in the capacitor and further ensure the safety of the operation personnel.

[0065] Optionally, in the verification and positioning hoisting cable step, a safety wire rope and a fall arrestor are connected at the through hole on the hoisting frame, and the rated load is greater than 1.5 times the weight of the car frame.

[0066] By adopting the above technical solutions, the safety wire rope and the fall arrestor with a rated load greater than 1.5 times the weight of the car frame can effectively prevent the car frame from falling accidentally during hoisting, providing additional safety protection for the operation personnel. In extreme cases, the equipment still has sufficient carrying capacity, avoiding the risk of rupture due to overloading, and further improving the safety of the entire disassembly operation.

[0067] Optionally, in the disassembly of electrical components step, first, rusted bolts are sprayed with a rust removal and loosening agent, and after standing for 10-15 minutes, they are disassembled using a hydraulic bolt stretcher or a low-torque impact wrench.

[0068] By adopting the above technical solutions, the rust removal and loosening agent fully penetrates and decomposes the rust layer on the surface of the bolt, making it easier to disassemble. The hydraulic bolt stretcher can accurately control the stretching amount of the bolt, avoiding damage and deformation of the bolt due to excessive stretching, and the problem of the bolt not loosening due to insufficient stretching. The low-torque impact wrench can generate a large impact force at a lower torque, reducing damage to the bolt and surrounding structure, and ensuring the safety and efficiency of the entire disassembly of electrical components process.

[0069] Optionally, in the secondary positioning step, a level is used to measure the levelness of the car frame, and an auxiliary hand-operated hoist is used to fine-tune the levelness of the car frame, and a monitor observes the spacing between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall through a video device.

[0070] By using the above technical solution, the levelness of the car frame is measured by using a level, and the levelness of the car frame is fine-tuned by using an auxiliary hand-operated hoist, thereby effectively avoiding the jamming of the guide rail and the shaft wall, causing damage to the parts. The monitor can observe the spacing between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall in real time through a video device, so that potential safety problems can be found and handled in time, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the entire secondary positioning process.

[0071] Optionally, in the lowering step, a variable frequency electric hoist is started to lower the elevator car frame at a uniform speed of ≤0.5 m / min, and emergency stopping is prohibited during the lowering process of the car frame.

[0072] By using the above technical solution, the elevator car frame is lowered at a stable and slow speed, which can effectively avoid damage to the car frame and its connected parts caused by impact force due to excessive speed or emergency stopping, ensuring the stability and safety of the lowering process.

[0073] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0074] 1. The disassembly process is reasonable in design, smooth in process flow, compact in steps, safe and controllable, effectively solving the technical problems commonly existing in the industry, and meeting the safety requirements of the displacement operation of the whole passenger elevator car frame in the existing building (elevator) shaft;

[0075] 2. The disassembly tool combination is reasonable in design, compact in structure, convenient to install and use, low in investment and preparation cost, easy to implement on site, meets the use requirements in the cramped environment of the building shaft, is practical and efficient, and is safe and reliable;

[0076] 3. The disassembly tool adopts a split integrated structure arranged in the vertical direction, which is a frame combination structure and a full-metal structure, has good rigidity and high strength, and meets the technical requirements of the whole elevator car frame lifting;

[0077] 4. Circular holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the lifting frame, which facilitates the subsequent installation of rigging equipment at the two circular holes, is convenient to operate, and facilitates rapid disassembly in a cramped environment on the basis of meeting the safety of lifting and hoisting, saving labor and effort;

[0078] 5. By providing a first waist-shaped hole on the lifting frame and a third waist-shaped hole on the positioning beam, the installation position of the lifting support assembly on the positioning beam can be easily adjusted during on-site installation, the error value during precise installation is controllable, and the safety and stability during lifting and hoisting are improved;

[0079] 6. By opening a second waist-shaped hole on the positioning beam and a fourth waist-shaped hole on the supporting beam, the installation position of the second connecting assembly relative to the positioning beam and the supporting beam is adjusted during on-site installation, the error value during accurate installation is controllable, and the safety and stability during hoisting are improved;

[0080] 7. By welding a reinforcing plate on the hoisting frame, the load bearing capacity of the hoisting support assembly is increased, the stability is good, and the deformation resistance is good; the hoisting support adopts a two-side groove structure, and is combined with a square gasket, so that the stress surface is increased during on-site installation, and the stability of the car frame during hoisting operation is effectively enhanced;

[0081] 8. The disassembly tool and the disassembly method are effectively combined, the principle of "from top to bottom, hoisting first, overall displacement, and orderly disassembly" is met, the operation is safe and efficient, and the operation is easy to standardize, the experience and skill requirements of the operation personnel are reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the occupational health risk is reduced, it is safe and reliable, it saves labor and time, on the basis of ensuring operation safety, operation efficiency is improved, and it is practical and efficient;

[0082] 9. The disassembly tool is ordinary in material and does not require special requirements, the improvement and implementation cost are low, the production requirements of labor-intensive enterprises are met, the enterprise is helped to enter the vast market of disassembly of old elevators in existing buildings, and the market core competitiveness of the enterprise is promoted from the source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0083] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0084] Figure 1 is a whole schematic view of the disassembly tool provided by the elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing hoistway of the building in the embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 2 is a schematic view of two sets of disassembly tools installed on the car frame provided by the elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing hoistway of the building in the embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 3 is a split view of the disassembly tool provided by the elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing hoistway of the building in the embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 4 is a split view of the disassembly tool provided by the elevator car frame disassembly tool in the existing hoistway of the building in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 8;

[0088] Figure 5 is a simple operation process flowchart provided by the elevator car frame operation process embodiment in the existing shaft of the building of the present application;

[0089] Figure 6 is a detailed operation process flowchart provided by the elevator car frame operation process embodiment in the existing shaft of the building of the present application;

[0090] Fig. 1 is a positioning beam; 2, a supporting beam; 3, a lifting support assembly; 4, a first connecting assembly; 5, a second connecting assembly; 6, a lifting frame; 7, a reinforcing plate; 8, a through hole; 9, a bolt; 10, a first nut; 11, a washer; 12, a connecting screw; 13, a second nut; 14, a positioning support plate; 15, a first waist-shaped hole; 16, a second waist-shaped hole; 17, a third waist-shaped hole; 18, a fourth waist-shaped hole; 19, a round hole; 20, an upper beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 - the accompanying drawings Figure 6 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0092] In a first aspect, the elevator car frame dismounting tool in the existing shaft of the building is disclosed.

[0093] Referring to Figure 1 , the elevator car frame dismounting tool in the existing shaft of the building adopts a split integrated structure and is arranged in the vertical direction, and is in a frame combined structure, sequentially including the lifting support assembly 3, the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2 from top to bottom. The lifting support assembly 3 is detachably installed at the middle part of the side of the positioning beam 1 away from the supporting beam 2 through a plurality of first connecting assemblies 4, and the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2 are detachably connected through a plurality of second connecting assemblies 5.

[0094] The connection with the main hoist electric hoist is realized through the lifting support assembly 3, and the weight and force of the elevator car frame in the dismounting process can be borne by using the dismounting tool, so that the dismounting process is safe and stable. At the same time, through the first connecting assembly 4 and the second connecting assembly 5, the effect of stable connection of each part of the dismounting tool and convenient installation and dismounting is achieved, which not only ensures the stability of the structure, but also facilitates storage and transportation after use.

[0095] Referring to Figure 1 In the present embodiment, eight groups of first connecting assemblies 4 are provided, and the lifting support assembly 3 is fixed in the middle part of the positioning beam 1 through the eight groups of second connecting assemblies 5, which is convenient for subsequent connection of the lifting support assembly 3 with the main hoist electric hoist. The second connecting assembly 5 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of second connecting assemblies 5 are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2.

[0096] Referring toFigure 2 and Figure 3 The positioning beam 1 is installed on the top of the upper beam 20 of the car frame and the support beam 2 is installed on the bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame by the two sets of second connecting assemblies 5 respectively.

[0097] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The hoisting support assembly 3 comprises a hoisting support 6 and a reinforcing plate 7, and the reinforcing plate 7 is welded on the hoisting support 6. The hoisting support 6 is made of Q235A and has a U-shaped structure formed by hot bending of a steel plate, and the bending part is in a circular arc shape.

[0098] Referring to Figure 4 The two sides of the U-shaped hoisting support 6 are in isosceles trapezoidal structures with a circular arc at the top, and a circular through hole 8 is vertically machined on the plane of each isosceles trapezoid at a same diameter and a same distance, and the center of the through hole 8 is on the center line of the isosceles trapezoid and coincides with the center of the circular arc at the top of the isosceles trapezoid.

[0099] Referring to Figure 4 By arranging the two symmetrically arranged through holes 8, the hoisting sling can be conveniently installed through the two through holes 8, which is convenient to operate, saves labor and time, and facilitates quick disassembly and assembly in a cramped environment on the basis of meeting the safety of hoisting and lifting.

[0100] The length of the hoisting support 6 is preferably 1 / 2±5mm of the length of the positioning beam 1, and the width of the hoisting support 6 is preferably the width of the positioning beam 1 minus 10-20mm.

[0101] Referring to Figure 4 Four first waist-shaped holes 15 are vertically machined on the middle connecting plane of the hoisting support 6 in a same diameter and a same distance. The first waist-shaped holes 15 are in a two-row and two-column parallel structure on the connecting plane, and the length direction center line of the first waist-shaped holes 15 is parallel to the length direction center line of the hoisting support 6.

[0102] For example, the car frame of the elevator has a single weight of 389kg, the upper beam 20 has a length of 1372mm, a height of 140mm and a width of 320mm. Then, the length of the hoisting support is 1 / 2±5mm of the length of the positioning beam, i.e. 520 / 2±5mm=260±5mm, and the width of the hoisting support is the width of the positioning beam minus 10-20mm, i.e. 100 minus 10-20mm=80-90mm.

[0103] Referring to Figure 4The material of the reinforcing plate 7 is Q235A, and the reinforcing plate 7 has an inverted isosceles trapezoidal structure. The trapezoidal height is preferably 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the two sides of the lifting frame 6, and the angles of the two sides of the trapezoid are matched with the bending arcs of the two sides of the lifting frame 6. The length of the bottom side of the trapezoid is matched with the inner width of the two sides of the U-shaped piece, and the gap value is preferably not more than 0.25-0.5 mm. The reinforcing plate 7 is welded with the lifting frame 6, the reinforcing plate 7 is in the middle of the length direction of the lifting frame 6 during welding, and the error value should not be more than ±2 mm. The isosceles trapezoidal slope is in close contact with the two sides of the reinforcing plate 7, and is first spot-welded, then measured and corrected, and then fully welded.

[0104] Welding the reinforcing plate 7 on the lifting frame 6 can effectively enhance the overall structural strength of the lifting frame 6, withstand greater force without deformation or damage during the disassembly of the elevator car frame, and ensure the safe and smooth progress of the disassembly work.

[0105] Referring to Figure 4 , the positioning beam 1 is formed by welding two pieces of hot-rolled channel steel with equal width and equal length, and the length and height error values should not exceed ±0.25 mm during welding. In addition, the two pieces of hot-rolled channel steel form an opening on the positioning beam 1 after welding. The length of the positioning beam 1 is preferably the total width of the car frame upper beam 20 plus 200 mm. Two second waist-shaped holes 16 are vertically machined at equal diameter and equal distance on both ends of the positioning beam 1 plane.

[0106] For example, the single weight of the elevator car frame is 389 kg, the length of the upper beam 20 is 1372 mm, the height of the upper beam 20 is 140 mm, and the width of the upper beam 20 is 320 mm. Then correspondingly, the length of the positioning beam = the total width of the car frame upper beam + 200 mm = 320 + 200 = 520 mm.

[0107] Referring to Figure 4 , four third waist-shaped holes 17 are vertically machined at equal diameter and equal distance in the middle of the positioning beam 1 plane. The second waist-shaped holes 16 and the third waist-shaped holes 17 are arranged in two rows and two columns in parallel on the plane of the positioning beam 1, and the center lines of the lengths of the two are parallel to the center line of the length of the positioning beam 1.

[0108] The size of the first waist-shaped hole 15 is consistent with the size of the third waist-shaped hole 17. Through the first waist-shaped hole 15 and the third waist-shaped hole 17, it is easy to adjust the installation position of the lifting frame 6 on the positioning beam 1 during on-site installation, to ensure that the error value during accurate installation is controllable, and to improve the safety and stability during lifting and hoisting.

[0109] Referring to Figure 4 , the supporting beam 2 is formed by welding two pieces of hot-rolled channel steel with equal width and equal length, and the length and height error values should not exceed ±0.25 mm during welding. And the two pieces of hot-rolled channel steel form an opening on the supporting beam 2 after welding. The length of the supporting beam 2 is preferably the total width of the car frame upper beam 20 plus 200 mm.

[0110] For example, the car frame of the elevator is single-weight 389 kg, the upper beam 20 is 1372 mm in length, 140 mm in height, and 320 mm in width. Then, the length of the support beam 2 = the total width of the upper beam 20 of the car frame + 200 mm = 320 + 200 = 520 mm.

[0111] Referring to Figure 4 At both ends of the support beam 2, two fourth waist-shaped holes 18 are vertically machined in equal diameters and equal distances (a total of four), and the four fourth waist-shaped holes 18 are distributed in two rows and two columns in parallel, with the length direction center line of the fourth waist-shaped hole 18 being parallel to the length direction center line of the support beam 2.

[0112] The second waist-shaped hole 16 and the fourth waist-shaped hole 18 are of the same size, and through the second waist-shaped hole 16 and the fourth waist-shaped hole 18, the installation position of the second connecting assembly 5 relative to the positioning beam 1 and the support beam 2 can be easily adjusted during on-site installation, ensuring that the error value during precision installation is controllable, and improving the safety and stability during hoisting.

[0113] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Each group of second connecting assemblies 5 includes two connecting screws 12, two positioning support plates 14, and eight second nuts 13. Among them, the two positioning support plates 14 are respectively located on the sides away from the positioning beam 1 and the support beam 2.

[0114] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Specifically, the connecting screw 12 is passed through the second waist-shaped hole 16, the round hole 19, and the fourth waist-shaped hole 18, and two second nuts 13 are threadedly connected at both ends of each connecting screw 12. In this embodiment, the second nut 13 is a hexagonal nut.

[0115] Referring to Figure 4 By connecting two second nuts 13 at both ends of the connecting screw 12, the positioning support plate 14, the positioning beam 1, and the support beam 2 can be tightly fixed together, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire disassembly tool structure, so that the positioning beam 1 and the support beam 2 can stably function during the disassembly process of the elevator car frame, without loosening or shaking.

[0116] Referring to Figure 4 The positioning support plate 14 plays a role in positioning and supporting, and the material of the positioning support plate 14 is Q235A. The length of the positioning support plate 14 is consistent with the width of the positioning beam 1 (or the support beam 2), and the thickness is preferably not less than the diameter of the connecting screw 12. Two round holes 19 are provided on each positioning support plate 14, and the center line of the two round holes 19 is parallel to the length direction center line of the positioning support plate 14.

[0117] Referring to Figure 3 andFigure 4 The diameter of the connecting screw 12 is consistent with the width of the second waist-shaped hole 16, and is preferably not less than 24 mm.

[0118] For example, the single weight of the elevator car frame is 389 kg, the length of the upper beam 20 is 1372 mm, the height of the upper beam 20 is 140 mm, the width of the upper beam 20 is 320 mm, the height of the positioning beam 1 is 48 mm, the height of the supporting beam 2 is 48 mm, the thickness of the positioning support plate 14 is 24 mm, the thickness of the hexagonal nut is 23 mm, and the diameter of the connecting screw 12 is 24 mm. Then, the length H of the connecting screw 12 is equal to the height of the upper beam 20 of the car frame + the height of the positioning beam 1 + the height of the supporting beam 2 + 2 times the thickness of the positioning support plate 14 + 4 times the thickness of the hexagonal nut + 20 mm = 140 + 48 + 48 + 2 x 24 + 4 x 23 + 20 = 396 mm.

[0119] Correspondingly, the width of the positioning support plate 14 is 2.5-3 times (2.5-3) x 24 mm of the diameter of the connecting screw 12, the length is consistent with the width of the positioning beam 1 (or the supporting beam 2), and the thickness is preferably not less than the diameter of the connecting screw 12, which is 24 mm.

[0120] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Each set of first connecting assembly 4 includes a bolt 9, two washers 11, and two first nuts 10. The two washers 11 are respectively located on the sides away from each other of the connecting frame and the positioning beam 1, the bolt 9 passes through the first waist-shaped hole 15, the second waist-shaped hole 16 and the washers 11, and the two first nuts 10 are threadedly connected to the bottom end of the bolt 9.

[0121] In this embodiment, the bolt 9 is a high-strength hexagonal bolt 9, and the washer 11 is a square washer 11.

[0122] By arranging the gaskets on both sides of the positioning beam 1, the contact area between the bolt 9 and the positioning beam 1 can be increased, the pressure can be dispersed, and damage to the positioning beam 1 caused by the tightening of the bolt 9 can be prevented, thereby effectively enhancing the stability of the car frame during lifting operation.

[0123] In this embodiment, the first nut 10 is also a hexagonal nut. The length of the high-strength bolt 9 is preferably equal to the thickness of the lifting frame 6 + 2 times the thickness of the square washer 11 + the thickness of the bottom plane of the positioning beam 1 + 2 times the thickness of the hexagonal nut + 10 mm.

[0124] Overall, in the first aspect, the disassembly tool adopts a split integrated structure arranged in the vertical direction, which is a frame combination structure and a full-metal structure, and has good rigidity and high strength, meeting the technical requirements of the overall lifting of the elevator car frame.

[0125] The second aspect, the dismounting tool is reasonable in combination design, compact in structure, convenient to install and use, low in investment and preparation cost, easy to implement on site, in line with the use requirements in the cramped environment of the building shaft, practical and efficient, safe and reliable.

[0126] The third aspect, the dismounting tool is ordinary in material and does not need special requirements, low in improvement and implementation cost, in line with the production requirements of labor-intensive enterprises, helps the enterprises to enter the vast market of dismounting of old elevators in existing buildings, and promotes the core competitiveness of enterprises in the market from the source.

[0127] The implementation principle of the dismounting tool of the elevator car frame in the existing shaft of the building in the embodiment of the application is that the dismounting tool installs the positioning beam 1 at the top of the upper beam 20 of the car frame and installs the supporting beam 2 at the bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame through two groups of second connecting assemblies 5 symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2. Eight groups of second connecting assemblies 5 are used to fix the hoisting support assembly 3 in the middle of the positioning beam 1, which is convenient for the subsequent connection of the hoisting support assembly 3 and the main hoist electric hoist. The dismounting tool can bear the weight and force of the elevator car frame during the dismounting process, ensure the balanced stress of the car frame during hoisting, reduce the inclination, rotation and local stress concentration, reduce the risk of unhooking or structural damage, and improve the safety and stability of the dismounting work.

[0128] The second aspect, the dismounting tool of the elevator car frame in the existing shaft of the building in the embodiment of the application is that the dismounting tool installs the positioning beam 1 at the top of the upper beam 20 of the car frame and installs the supporting beam 2 at the bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame through two groups of second connecting assemblies 5 symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2. Eight groups of second connecting assemblies 5 are used to fix the hoisting support assembly 3 in the middle of the positioning beam 1, which is convenient for the subsequent connection of the hoisting support assembly 3 and the main hoist electric hoist. The dismounting tool can bear the weight and force of the elevator car frame during the dismounting process, ensure the balanced stress of the car frame during hoisting, reduce the inclination, rotation and local stress concentration, reduce the risk of unhooking or structural damage, and improve the safety and stability of the dismounting work.

[0129] Referring to Figure 5 , the dismounting tool of the elevator car frame in the existing shaft of the building in the embodiment of the application is that the dismounting tool installs the positioning beam 1 at the top of the upper beam 20 of the car frame and installs the supporting beam 2 at the bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame through two groups of second connecting assemblies 5 symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2. Eight groups of second connecting assemblies 5 are used to fix the hoisting support assembly 3 in the middle of the positioning beam 1, which is convenient for the subsequent connection of the hoisting support assembly 3 and the main hoist electric hoist. The dismounting tool can bear the weight and force of the elevator car frame during the dismounting process, ensure the balanced stress of the car frame during hoisting, reduce the inclination, rotation and local stress concentration, reduce the risk of unhooking or structural damage, and improve the safety and stability of the dismounting work.

[0130] First, step S1 is performed, and the work is prepared. In the work preparation step, the pre-work preparation and risk assessment, dismounting tool appearance and integrity inspection confirmation need to be performed.

[0131] During the pre-work preparation and risk assessment process, the following points need to be completed:

[0132] 1. The car frame weight and size need to be checked, the shaft top hoisting point bearing capacity is confirmed, and a calculation report is issued;

[0133] 2. Clean up the debris in the shaft, mark the position of the guide rail and cable, and demarcate the work warning area;

[0134] 3. Cut off the main power supply and emergency power supply of the elevator, hang the “no closing” sign, and discharge the capacitor of the frequency converter for ≥15 minutes;

[0135] 4. Hold a pre-work meeting to clarify the division of labor.

[0136] In the disassembly tool appearance and integrity check confirmation process, the following points need to be completed:

[0137] 1. The surface of the disassembly tool metal structure (positioning beam 1, supporting beam 2, lifting support assembly 3, positioning support plate 14, etc.) should be free of obvious damage, no cracks or welding, if there is obvious damage, cracks or welding, it is prohibited to use;

[0138] 2. The state of the bolt 9 and the connecting screw rod 12 should be good, no obvious deformation or damage, if there is obvious deformation or damage, it is prohibited to use;

[0139] 3. The disassembly tool parts should be free of defects and match the disassembled car frame model.

[0140] When step S1 is completed, the operation is prepared, and then step S2 is performed to position the car frame.

[0141] In S2, the positioning car frame step needs to complete the following points:

[0142] 1. Stop the car in the designated area (usually near the bottom of the shaft or the designated floor);

[0143] 2. Fix the special hoop type lifting point at the top of the shaft (when there is no pre-buried lifting ring), install the main lifting electric hoist + auxiliary leveling hand-operated hoist.

[0144] When step S2 is completed, the car frame is positioned, and then step S3 is performed to install the disassembly tool.

[0145] In the installation of the disassembly tool step, two sets of disassembly tools are symmetrically installed on the car frame. The two sets of disassembly tools are used in pairs to realize precise positioning, connection support and lifting function when the car frame is disassembled.

[0146] Specifically, the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2 are installed at the top and bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame respectively by using the second connecting assembly 5. Then the lifting support assembly 3 is installed in the middle area of the plane of the positioning beam 1 by using the first connecting assembly 4.

[0147] In the process of installing the positioning beam 1 and the supporting beam 2 at the top and bottom of the upper beam 20 of the car frame, the following points need to be completed:

[0148] 1. The open end of the channel steel of the positioning beam 1 is downward, and is placed on one end of the top plane of the upper beam 20 of the car frame (the distance between the end is preferably 200-300 mm, that is, the distance L1 between the outer side of the disassembly tool positioning beam 1 and the end of the upper beam 20 of the car frame is 200-300 mm);

[0149] 2. The channel steel of the support beam 2 is opened upward, and is placed on one end of the bottom plane of the upper beam 20 of the car frame (the distance between the end portions is preferably 200-300 mm, that is, the distance L2 between the outer side of the dismounting tool support beam 2 and the end portion of the upper beam 20 of the car frame is 200-300 mm, and the synchronization error of L2 and L1 is not greater than 2 mm);

[0150] 3. Four connecting rods 12 are oriented and inserted into the four semicircular arc rectangular grooves at the two ends of the positioning beam 1 and the support beam 2, and sufficient installation dimensions are reserved at the two ends of the connecting rod 12;

[0151] 4. After the connecting rod 12 is inserted into the groove hole of the positioning beam 1 and the support beam 2, one positioning support plate 14 is installed on each of the upper and lower portions (a total of 2 pieces);

[0152] 5. Two hexagonal nuts are twisted into the two ends of the connecting rod 12, a total of 16, and the two hexagonal nuts at the two ends of the four connecting rods 12 are tightened after adjusting the corresponding height of the connecting rod 12, which plays a role of anti-loosening locking;

[0153] 6. Repeat the operations of 1 to 5 to install another set of dismounting tool on the other end of the upper beam 20 of the car frame.

[0154] In the process of installing the lifting support assembly 3 in the middle area of the plane of the positioning beam 1, the following points need to be completed:

[0155] 1. The U-shaped bottom plane of the lifting frame 6 is placed in the middle area of the plane of the positioning beam 1 installed on the top of the upper beam 20 of the car frame, ensuring that the length direction of the lifting frame 6 is parallel to the length direction of the positioning beam 1, and the first waist-shaped hole 15 is aligned with the third waist-shaped hole 17;

[0156] 2. Eight washers 11 are placed in the two end regions of the first waist-shaped hole 15 of the lifting frame 6, respectively;

[0157] 3. Eight bolts 9 are inserted into the round holes 19 of the washers 11 and the first waist-shaped hole 15 and the third waist-shaped hole 17, and are then placed flat;

[0158] 4. The other eight washers 11 are inserted into the threaded segments of the bolts 9 from the opening of the positioning beam 1 in the reverse direction, and the first nuts 10 are pre-tightened, and after correcting the front and rear installation accuracy of the lifting frame 6, the first nuts 10 are tightened, and the eight first nuts 10 are tightened again for anti-loosening locking;

[0159] 5. Repeat the operations of 1 to 4 to install another set of lifting support assembly 3 on the dismounting tool positioning beam 1 at the other end of the upper beam 20 of the car frame.

[0160] When S3 is completed and the dismounting tool is installed, S4 is performed again to verify and position the lifting rope.

[0161] In the verification and positioning of the hoisting rope step, the following points need to be completed:

[0162] 1. Hang the balance sling on the car frame beam 20 to ensure uniform stress; disassemble the independent safety steel wire rope + anti-falling device connected on the tool, and the rated load ≥ 1.5 times the weight of the car frame (for example, the weight of the car frame is 389 kg, accordingly, the rated load ≥ 1.5 × 389 = 583.5 kg);

[0163] 2. Install nylon guide wheels between the car frame on both sides and the guide rail to limit the amplitude of shaking;

[0164] 3. Set up a hard isolation platform below the working layer and lay a rubber cushion layer at the bottom of the shaft.

[0165] After completing S4, verifying and positioning the hoisting rope, proceed to S5, disassembling the electrical components.

[0166] In the disassembling of electrical components step, the following points need to be noted:

[0167] 1. Remove the fixed bolts of the car chassis and the car frame, and use temporary supports to support the chassis to prevent it from falling over;

[0168] 2. Disassemble the car frame and the car top guardrail, wire slot, cable and other accessories, and bundle and fix the cable reel after disassembly;

[0169] 3. Spray rust removal and loosening agent on the rusted bolts, let stand for 10-15 minutes, and then disassemble with a hydraulic bolt stretcher or a low-torque impact wrench;

[0170] 4. Cut off the stuck bolts with a ring cutter, and do not use gas cutting for steel.

[0171] After completing S5, disassembling the electrical components, proceed to S6, repositioning the car frame.

[0172] In the repositioning of the car frame step, the following points need to be completed:

[0173] 1. Disassemble the car frame accessory connection, slowly tighten the main hoist pulley, and slightly stress the car frame, then pause and check the stress state of the hoisting point and sling;

[0174] 2. Adjust the height of the car frame at the four corners with an auxiliary hand-operated hoist to ensure that the deviation in levelness is ≤ 2°, and avoid jamming the guide rail;

[0175] 3. The monitor observes the distance between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall through video equipment and transmits adjustment instructions in real time.

[0176] After completing S6, repositioning the car frame, proceed to S7, lowering the elevator car frame.

[0177] In the lowering of the elevator car frame step, the following points need to be completed:

[0178] 1. Start the frequency conversion electric hoist to lower the cage frame at a uniform speed of ≤0.5 m / min, and prohibit sudden stop and start during the lowering process of the cage frame;

[0179] 2. The monitoring personnel observe the running state of the guide wheel throughout the process, and immediately stop the lowering process if the cage frame is stuck, and then continue the lowering process after adjustment;

[0180] 3. When the cage frame approaches the bottom, slow down the lowering speed to make it land smoothly on the buffer pad;

[0181] 4. After landing, fix the cage frame with a special support to prevent it from falling over, and then remove the lifting cable and safety rope.

[0182] After the cage frame is lowered, proceed to S8, post-operation processing.

[0183] In the post-operation processing step, the following points need to be completed:

[0184] 1. Remove the lifting and protection devices, count the tools and reusable parts, and store them in a classified manner;

[0185] 2. Clean up the operation garbage in the shaft, recover waste oil and liquid, and remove the warning signs;

[0186] 3. Fill in the “Cage Frame Disassembly Operation Acceptance Form”, and record the operation time, personnel, and equipment status. This completes the disassembly of the cage frame.

[0187] Specifically, in the operation preparation step, hang a “no closing” sign near the operation area to remind people and avoid accidents caused by unexpected power-on during the operation. The capacitor discharge time of the frequency converter is required to be greater than 15 minutes to eliminate the residual charge in the capacitor and further ensure the safety of the operation personnel.

[0188] Specifically, in the verification and positioning of the lifting cable step, a safety wire rope with a rated load ≥1.5 times the weight of the cage frame and a fall arrestor are connected through the through hole 8 on the lifting frame 6, which is a second protection independent of the main hoist system. Even if the main hoist point fails completely, the safety wire rope and the fall arrestor can effectively prevent the cage frame from falling accidentally during lifting, providing additional safety protection for the operation personnel.

[0189] Specifically, in the verification and positioning of the lifting cable step, nylon guide wheels are installed on both sides of the cage frame, which can effectively limit the lateral shaking amplitude of the cage frame during the lowering process. Through the rolling friction of the guide wheels instead of sliding friction, not only the direct wear between metal parts is reduced, but also the guide rail is prevented from being scratched due to shaking, providing quality assurance for subsequent equipment reinstallation or guide rail reuse.

[0190] Specifically, in the step of disassembling the electromechanical components, when the car chassis, guardrails and other components are removed, the weight of the car frame has been borne by the disassembly tooling and the main hoist electric hoist. This enables the disassembly work to be carried out on a stable structure, avoiding the complex and dangerous situation of constantly adjusting the support while disassembling in the traditional method.

[0191] Specifically, in the step of disassembling the electromechanical components, by bundling the disassembled parts on the car frame, the large number of scattered overhead transfer and handling operations are integrated into a controlled whole lifting, fundamentally eliminating the risk of falling of the parts when transferring multiple times in the shaft, ensuring the smoothness of the work platform and the safety of personnel. After all the components are stably landed on the ground with the car frame, concentrated classification processing is carried out on the ground, greatly improving the work efficiency and avoiding damage or loss of the components in multiple handovers.

[0192] Specifically, in the step of disassembling the electromechanical components, rusted bolts are sprayed with rust removal loosening agent, which can effectively penetrate into the interior of the rust layer, decompose the rusting substances, and reduce the friction between the bolt and the nut, making the disassembly work more easy and smooth. Standing for 10-15 minutes is to let the rust removal loosening agent fully play its role and ensure that the rust is fully treated.

[0193] Specifically, in the step of disassembling the electromechanical components, the rusted bolts that have been sprayed with rust removal loosening agent and have completed the standing for 10-15 minutes are disassembled using a hydraulic bolt stretcher or a low-torque impact wrench. The use of a hydraulic bolt stretcher can accurately control the stretching amount of the bolt, avoiding the problems of bolt damage and deformation due to excessive stretching, and the problem of the bolt being unable to loosen due to insufficient stretching. The use of a low-torque impact wrench can generate a large impact force at a lower torque, which helps to disassemble stubborn rusted bolts, reduces damage to the bolts and surrounding components, and improves the efficiency and quality of the disassembly work.

[0194] Specifically, in the step of secondary positioning of the car frame, through the rigid connection of the disassembly tooling and the car frame, and through the auxiliary hand-operated hoist, the levelness of the car frame at four corners is fine-tuned, so as to ensure the levelness of the car frame before overall lifting (deviation ≤ 2°), prevent jamming with the guide rail, and avoid the car frame from shaking and hitting the shaft components during disassembly, causing damage to the components.

[0195] Specifically, in the step of secondary positioning of the car frame, the guardian observes the distance between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall in real time through the video equipment, which can timely discover and handle potential safety problems, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the entire secondary positioning process.

[0196] On the one hand, the dismounting process is reasonable in design, smooth in process flow, compact in steps, safe and controllable, effectively solves the technical problems commonly existing in the industry, and can meet the safety requirements of the whole dismounting displacement operation of various types of passenger elevator car frames in the existing building (elevator) shaft.

[0197] On the other hand, the dismounting tool is effectively combined with the dismounting process, in line with the principles of "from top to bottom, lifting first, whole displacement, and orderly disassembly", disassembled in order, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the operation, and easy to standardize the operation, reducing the requirement for experience and skills of the operating personnel, reducing labor intensity, reducing occupational health risks, safe and reliable, saving labor and time, improving the operation efficiency on the basis of ensuring the safety of the operation, practical and efficient.

[0198] The implementation principle of the elevator car frame operation process in the existing shaft of the building according to the embodiment of the application is that: the operation process ensures the safe and efficient operation of the elevator car frame dismounting through a series of orderly steps from operation preparation to final post-operation processing. Each step cooperates with each other, such as the installation of the dismounting tool to ensure the stability of the car frame hoisting; the setting of the safety protection device reduces the risk of accidents; the secondary positioning of the car frame ensures that the car frame will not be stuck in the guide rail during the dismounting process. Compared with the prior art, the whole operation process improves the safety and stability of the dismounting work, and reduces the risk of uneven stress and structural damage.

[0199] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application should be understood as their ordinary meanings to those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like used in the specification and claims of the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms "one" or "a" and the like do not represent a quantity limitation, but represent the existence of at least one. The terms "including", "containing" and the like mean that the elements or objects appearing before "including" or "containing" cover the elements or objects listed after "including" or "containing" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects change, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0200] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An elevator car frame dismantling process within an existing building shaft, comprising dismantling the elevator car frame using an elevator car frame dismantling fixture within the existing building shaft, the dismantling fixture including a positioning beam (1) and a support beam (2), wherein a lifting support assembly (3) is provided in the middle of the positioning beam (1), the lifting support assembly (3) is detachably connected to the positioning beam (1) via multiple sets of first connecting assemblies (4), and the positioning beam (1) is detachably connected to the support beam (2) via multiple sets of second connecting assemblies (5), characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Work preparation, pre-work preparation and risk assessment: Verify the car frame parameters, confirm the load-bearing capacity of the hoisting points at the top of the shaft and issue a calculation report; clear debris from the shaft, mark the positions of guide rails and cables, and demarcate the work warning zone; disconnect the elevator main power supply and emergency power supply, hang warning signs, and discharge the inverter capacitors; hold a pre-shift meeting to clarify the division of labor; inspect and confirm the appearance and integrity of the disassembled tooling: ensure that all parts of the disassembled tooling have no obvious damage, cracks or weld failures, and are compatible with the model of the car frame being disassembled; Position the car frame and stop it in a designated area, usually near the bottom of the hoistway or a designated floor; set up lifting points at the top of the hoistway and install the main electric hoist and auxiliary leveling manual hoist at the lifting points; Install and disassemble the fixtures, place the positioning beam (1) with its open end facing down on the top plane of the upper beam (20) of the car frame; place the support beam (2) with its open end facing up on the bottom plane of the upper beam (20) of the car frame; fix the positions of the positioning beam (1) and the support beam (2) with multiple sets of second connecting components (5); fix the lifting bracket assembly (3) in the center area of ​​the plane of the positioning beam (1) with multiple sets of first connecting components (4); install another set of disassembly fixtures on the other end of the upper beam (20) of the car frame using the same steps; Verify and position the crane slings, hang equal slings on the upper beam (20) of the car frame to ensure uniform force; connect independent safety steel wire ropes and fall arrestors on the disassembly fixtures; install guide wheels between the car frame and the guide rails on both sides to limit the swaying amplitude; set up a hard isolation platform below the working layer and lay a rubber buffer pad at the bottom of the shaft; Disassemble the electromechanical components, remove the fixing bolts between the car chassis and the car frame, and use temporary supports to support the chassis to prevent it from tipping over; disassemble the car frame and auxiliary components such as the car top guardrail, cable trays, and cables, and tie and secure the cables after reeling them in; spray rust remover and loosening agent on rusted bolts before using tools to disassemble them; cut stuck bolts with a ring cutter, and do not use gas cutting on steel; Secondary positioning of the car frame, disassembling the car frame's auxiliary connections, tightening the main hoist to apply slight stress to the car frame, pausing and checking the lifting points and the stress status of the slings; fine-tuning the height of the four corners of the car frame to ensure that the car frame's horizontal deviation is ≤2° to avoid jamming the guide rails; observing the distance between the car frame and the guide rails and the hoistway wall, and transmitting adjustment instructions in real time; Lower the elevator car frame by starting the variable frequency electric hoist and lowering the elevator car frame at a uniform speed. If the guide wheel gets stuck, stop lowering immediately, adjust and continue lowering. When the car frame is close to the bottom, slow down the lowering speed and let it land smoothly on the buffer pad. After landing, first use the bracket to fix the car frame to prevent it from tipping over, and then remove the slings and safety ropes. Post-operation processing includes dismantling hoisting and protective devices, inventorying and classifying the tools used in the operation, cleaning up construction waste in the wellbore, recovering waste oil and liquid, and removing warning signs.

2. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting support assembly (3) includes a lifting frame (6) and a reinforcing plate (7). The reinforcing plate (7) is welded to the lifting frame (6). Through holes (8) are provided on both sides of the lifting frame (6).

3. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting assembly (4) includes a bolt (9), a first nut (10), and a washer (11). The bolt (9) passes through the lifting frame (6), the positioning beam (1), and the washer (11), and the first nut (10) is threaded onto the end of the bolt (9).

4. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting assembly (5) includes a connecting screw (12), a pair of second nuts (13), and a pair of positioning support plates (14). The pair of positioning support plates (14) are located on opposite sides of the positioning beam (1) and the support beam (2), respectively. The connecting screw (12) passes through the positioning beam (1), the support beam (2), and the positioning support plate (14). The pair of second nuts (13) are threaded to both ends of the connecting screw (12).

5. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the work preparation steps, a "Do Not Close" sign is hung near the work area, and the frequency converter capacitor is discharged for more than 15 minutes.

6. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the verification and positioning of the crane sling, a safety wire rope and a fall arrestor are connected at the through hole (8) on the crane frame (6), and the rated load is ≥ 1.5 times the weight of the car frame.

7. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the disassembly of electromechanical components, first spray the rust-removing and loosening agent onto the rusted bolts, let them stand for 10-15 minutes, and then disassemble them using a hydraulic bolt tensioner or a low-torque impact wrench.

8. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the secondary positioning of the car frame, a spirit level is used to measure the levelness of the car frame, and an auxiliary hand-operated hoist is used to fine-tune the height of the four corners of the car frame. The monitoring personnel observe the distance between the car frame and the guide rail and the shaft wall through video equipment.

9. The elevator car frame operation process within an existing building shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of lowering the elevator car frame, the variable frequency electric hoist is started to lower the elevator car frame at a constant speed of ≤0.5m / min, and sudden stops and starts are prohibited during the lowering process.

Images