A main shaft broach device

Abstract

The application relates to a main shaft broach device and belongs to the technical field of machine tool machining. The structure of the main shaft broach device comprises a shell, two ends of the shell are divided into a mounting end and an inlet end, a locking area, a guide area and a driving area are sequentially arranged in the shell from the mounting end to the inlet end, a mounting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the shell of the locking area, a clamping assembly is arranged in the mounting groove, a sliding sleeve is slidingly arranged in the locking area, the clamping assembly is sleeved on the sliding sleeve, a guide sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the shell of the guide area, a matching inclined surface is arranged on one side in the guide sleeve, a locking assembly is arranged in the guide sleeve, one end of the locking assembly is arranged at one end of the sliding sleeve, the locking assembly is used for driving the sliding sleeve to slide in the direction of the inlet end, a piston cylinder is arranged at the driving area, and the piston cylinder is used for driving the locking assembly and the sliding sleeve to slide in the direction of the mounting end. The application has the technical effects of improving the locking reliability of a tool and the tool changing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of machine tool processing, and in particular to a spindle broaching device. Background Technology

[0002] The spindle broaching device is the core component for achieving rapid tool clamping and stable locking. Its performance directly determines the connection accuracy between the spindle and the tool, machining stability, and tool changing efficiency.

[0003] With the increasing demand for high-precision and high-speed machining, spindle broaching devices need to ensure the reliability of tool locking while taking into account the stability of power transmission under high-speed rotation conditions, so as to meet the stringent requirements of machining accuracy and efficiency in fields such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing. Therefore, its structural design and functional adaptability have become one of the key directions for optimizing core machine tool technologies.

[0004] The outer mating surface of the tool and the fixture is elliptical, and the inner mating surface of the tool is provided with a positioning groove that mates with the fixture. Existing spindle broaching devices mostly use piston cylinders as the driving source and a structure in which disc springs are used in conjunction with the cylinder body. That is, the tool is normally clamped by the pre-compression force of the disc springs, and the tool is released by the driving force of the cylinder body to overcome the spring force. However, this is difficult to meet the needs of high-speed tool changing scenarios.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that they suffer from insufficient reliability of tool locking and low tool changing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a spindle broaching device.

[0007] This application provides a spindle broaching device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A spindle broaching device includes a housing, which is divided into an installation end and an inlet end at both ends. Inside the housing, from the installation end to the inlet end, a locking area, a guiding area, and a driving area are sequentially arranged. An installation groove is provided on the inner wall of the housing in the locking area, and a snap-fit ​​component is disposed within the installation groove. A sliding sleeve is slidably disposed in the locking area, and the snap-fit ​​component is sleeved on the sliding sleeve. A guide sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the housing in the guiding area, and a mating inclined surface is provided on one side of the guide sleeve. A locking component is disposed within the guide sleeve, with one end of the locking component disposed at one end of the sliding sleeve, and the locking component is used to drive the sliding sleeve to slide towards the inlet end. A piston cylinder is provided in the driving area, and the piston cylinder is used to drive the locking component and the sliding sleeve to slide towards the installation end.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the housing is divided into an installation end and an inlet end at both ends. The interior of the housing is arranged sequentially from the installation end to the inlet end, including a locking area, a guide area, and a drive area. Through the cooperation of the locking component in the guide area with the snap-fit ​​component and the sliding sleeve in the locking area, the tool can be firmly locked on the spindle, ensuring that the tool will not loosen during the machining process, improving the reliability of tool locking and the efficiency of tool changing. The tool can also maintain a reliable clamping state during high-speed cutting or high feed rate machining. The guide sleeve in the guide area provides guidance for the locking component and the sliding sleeve, ensuring the straightness and coaxiality during the sliding process. At the same time, the guide sleeve also provides support for the sliding of the locking component. The piston cylinder in the drive area can automatically drive the locking component and the sliding sleeve to release the tool. The locking area, guide area, and drive area inside the housing are arranged sequentially, with a compact layout and small space occupation, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the spindle components.

[0010] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a locking sleeve, a guide rod, a retaining spring, and a driving mechanism. The locking sleeve has multiple sets of sliding channels. One end of the guide rod is disposed inside the locking sleeve, and the guide rod has a driving groove disposed at the sliding channel. A slider mechanism is disposed within the sliding channel and the driving groove, and the slider mechanism is slidably connected to the mating inclined surface. The guide rod drives the locking sleeve to slide by abutting against the slider mechanism. The retaining spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the driving mechanism is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod. One end of the retaining spring abuts against the locking sleeve, and the other end of the retaining spring abuts against the driving mechanism.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod cooperates with the slider mechanism in the sliding channel of the locking sleeve through the drive groove. When the guide rod moves, the power can be directly transmitted to the locking sleeve through the slider mechanism, driving the locking sleeve to slide. This allows the locking sleeve to respond quickly to the action of the guide rod, improving the driving efficiency and sensitivity of the device. The spring always applies a resisting force to the locking sleeve and the drive mechanism, keeping the slider mechanism in contact. This prevents the slider from becoming loose or losing contact due to gaps, ensuring the transmission of power when the guide rod drives the locking sleeve through the slider. It also avoids delays or failures in the locking action due to loose slider contact, ensuring the reliability of tool locking.

[0012] Preferably, the slider mechanism includes a first slider and a second slider. The first slider is provided with a first starting inclined surface and a first fast inclined surface, which are arranged at an obtuse angle. The second slider is provided with a second starting inclined surface, a second fast inclined surface, and a sliding inclined surface. The intersection of the second starting inclined surface and the second fast inclined surface is parallel to the intersection of the second fast inclined surface and the sliding inclined surface. The second starting inclined surface and the second fast inclined surface are arranged at an obtuse angle, and the second fast inclined surface and the sliding inclined surface are arranged at an acute angle. The first starting inclined surface and the second starting inclined surface are in interlocking engagement, and the first fast inclined surface and the second fast inclined surface are in interlocking engagement. The sliding inclined surface is in sliding engagement with the engaging inclined surface, and one side of the second slider is slidably connected to the sliding channel.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second starting inclined surfaces on the first and second sliders slide against each other. The cooperation between the first and second starting inclined surfaces can convert the driving force of the guide rod into a larger radial force, ensuring that the locking block can clamp the tool with sufficient force when the locking sleeve is first started, avoiding the tool not being firmly clamped due to insufficient initial force, and ensuring locking reliability. When the sliding inclined surface at the bottom of the second slider slides against the cooperating inclined surface of the guide sleeve, the first fast inclined surface of the first slider slides against the second fast inclined surface of the second slider. At this time, the motion resistance is greatly reduced, the locking sleeve can be pulled quickly, shortening the time of subsequent locking stroke, making the entire locking action more efficient, and improving the tool changing speed.

[0014] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a disc spring, a positioning block, and a driving piston block. The positioning block is disposed at one end of the guide sleeve, the disc spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the driving piston block has a through mounting hole in the middle. The driving piston block is disposed at the other end of the guide rod through the mounting hole. One end of the disc spring abuts against the positioning block, and the other end of the disc spring abuts against one end of the driving piston block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the disc spring has the characteristics of high rigidity and stable elasticity. One end of the disc spring is stably supported by the positioning block, while the other end continuously applies axial thrust to the drive piston block. The disc spring is sleeved on the guide rod. The disc spring drives the piston block to slide towards the inlet end through the support of the positioning block, which drives the locking sleeve and the sliding sleeve to complete the clamping of the tool. The elastic force of the disc spring is directly transmitted to the guide rod through the drive piston block, and then drives the locking sleeve and the sliding sleeve to work together. This allows the clamping action to respond quickly, shortens the tool clamping time, and improves the tool changing efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a fixed ring, two sets of limiting rings, a preload spring, multiple sets of locking blocks, and a retaining ring; the retaining ring is disposed at one end of the mounting groove near the mounting end; the two sets of limiting rings are disposed at one end of the fixed ring, the outer side of the limiting ring is provided with a limiting plate, the limiting plate is slidably disposed in the mounting groove, and the inner side of the limiting ring is provided with a limiting groove; the multiple sets of locking blocks are circumferentially evenly disposed in the limiting groove, and one end of the multiple sets of locking blocks is provided with a retaining spring; one end of the preload spring abuts against the other end of the fixed ring, and the other end of the preload spring abuts against the sliding sleeve.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the preload spring continuously applies a resisting force to the sliding sleeve, ensuring that the locking block remains in contact with the sliding sleeve at all times. This prevents the locking block from spreading outwards due to lack of restraint, ensuring that it is always in the correct position to clamp the tool. This avoids the tool being unable to be installed smoothly or becoming loose after installation due to the locking block shifting, directly guaranteeing the effectiveness and stability of the tool installation. The two sets of limiting rings circumferentially limit multiple sets of locking blocks through the inner limiting grooves. At the same time, the limiting plates on the outer side of the limiting rings are slidably set in the installation groove, which can limit the displacement of the limiting rings themselves. When the sliding sleeve is driven to slide, the preload spring can extend and retract with the displacement of the sliding sleeve. Meanwhile, the locking block can flexibly adjust its position in the limiting groove, which not only meets the tight locking requirements when the tool is clamped, but also allows for smooth reset when the tool is released, making the tool loading and unloading actions smoother and improving the operational flexibility and response speed of the device.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the sliding sleeve is fitted onto the locking assembly, and the other end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove. The outer end of the snap-fit ​​groove is provided with a guide slope, and the other ends of the multiple sets of locking blocks abut against the snap-fit ​​groove. The locking blocks swing along the guide slope.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding sleeve moves towards the inlet end, the guide slope of the locking groove will generate an outward pushing force on the locking block, forcing the locking block to swing along the slope and lock into the tool hole. The design of the guide slope provides a smooth motion trajectory for the swing of the locking block. Compared with right angle or unguided structures, the slope can guide the locking block to be evenly stressed and swing slowly, effectively avoiding jamming or displacement of the locking block during the operation, ensuring that it can accurately lock into the tool hole every time, improving the stability and success rate of the locking action. The locking block abuts against the locking groove of the sliding sleeve, and the locking groove can provide dual limiting of the locking block from the radial and axial directions. On the one hand, it prevents the locking block from shifting arbitrarily in the non-working state, and on the other hand, it ensures that the locking block always stays in the preset locking position when it is locked into the tool hole.

[0020] Preferably, the guide rod is a hollow cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the piston cylinder is annular, and an unlocking piston block is slidably disposed inside the piston cylinder. A transition assembly is disposed on the inner ring of the piston cylinder. The transition assembly includes a rotating tube, a rotating outer shell, and a connecting tube. One end of the rotating tube is disposed in a mounting hole, and the rotating tube communicates with the hollow cavity of the guide rod through the mounting hole. The other end of the rotating tube is rotatably disposed in one end of the rotating outer shell, and one end of the connecting tube is disposed in the other end of the rotating outer shell. The rotating tube communicates with the connecting tube through the rotating outer shell.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the device rotates during operation. The rotating tube in the adapter can rotate with the device, while maintaining communication with the connecting tube through the rotating outer shell. This achieves the connection between the hollow cavity of the rotating guide rod and the external water or air supply system, ensuring that water or air can smoothly enter the device. The air outlet is to prevent waste residue from affecting the accuracy of the tool holder when the spindle changes tools, and the water outlet provides cutting fluid to the tool to increase processing efficiency. The cutting fluid can also break up iron filings.

[0023] Preferably, multiple sets of main sealing rings are provided at the connection between the rotating tube and the connecting tube, and multiple sets of secondary sealing rings are provided at the connection between the connecting tube and the rotating outer shell.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the adapter assembly is equipped with a main sealing ring at the connection between the rotating tube and the connecting tube, and a secondary sealing ring at the connection between the connecting tube and the rotating housing. These sealing rings can effectively prevent water or gas leakage during transmission, ensuring the reliability and stability of fluid transmission, avoiding insufficient power or other malfunctions caused by leakage, and ensuring the normal operation of the spindle broaching device.

[0025] Preferably, the inlet of the housing mounting end is shaped like an ellipse.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the elliptical contour has a clear directionality compared to a circle. When the connector is inserted, the contour fit can naturally correct the angle deviation, avoiding installation jamming caused by circumferential misalignment, allowing the connector to quickly slide into the preset position and significantly shortening the installation time.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. The first and second starting inclined surfaces on the first and second sliders slide against each other. The cooperation between the first and second starting inclined surfaces can convert the driving force of the guide rod into a larger radial force, ensuring that the locking block can clamp the tool with sufficient force when the locking sleeve is first started. This avoids the tool being not firmly clamped due to insufficient initial force, thus ensuring locking reliability. When the sliding inclined surface at the bottom of the second slider slides against the cooperating inclined surface of the guide sleeve, causing the second slider to slide to a designated position, the first rapid inclined surface of the first slider slides against the second rapid inclined surface of the second slider. At this time, the motion resistance is greatly reduced, and the locking sleeve can be pulled quickly, shortening the time of subsequent locking strokes, making the entire locking action more efficient, and improving the tool changing speed.

[0029] The preload spring continuously applies a resisting force to the sliding sleeve, ensuring that the locking block remains in contact with the sliding sleeve at all times. This prevents the locking block from spreading outwards due to lack of restraint, ensuring that it is always in the correct position to clamp the tool. This avoids the tool being unable to be installed smoothly or becoming loose after installation due to the locking block shifting, directly guaranteeing the effectiveness and stability of the tool installation. Two sets of limit rings circumferentially limit multiple sets of locking blocks through the inner limit grooves. At the same time, the limit plates on the outer sides of the limit rings are slidably set in the installation grooves, which can limit the displacement of the limit rings themselves. When the sliding sleeve is driven to slide, the preload spring can extend and retract with the displacement of the sliding sleeve. Meanwhile, the locking block can flexibly adjust its position within the limit grooves, satisfying the tight locking requirements when clamping the tool and smoothly resetting when the tool is released. This makes the tool loading and unloading actions smoother and improves the operational flexibility and response speed of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part B in the middle.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 11. Mounting end; 12. Inlet end; 13. Locking area; 131. Mounting groove; 14. Guide area; 15. Drive area; 2. Snap-fit ​​assembly; 21. Retaining ring; 22. Limiting ring; 221. Limiting plate; 222. Limiting groove; 23. Preload spring; 24. Locking block; 25. Retaining ring; 26. Snap ring; 27. Sliding sleeve; 271. Snap-fit ​​groove; 272. Guide slope; 3. Guide sleeve; 31. Mating slope; 4. Locking assembly; 41. Locking sleeve; 411. Sliding channel; 42. Guide rod; 421. Drive. 43. Groove; 44. Holding spring; 45. Slider mechanism; 46. First slider; 47.1. First starting ramp; 48.1. First fast ramp; 49.2. Second slider; 40.2.2. Second starting ramp; 41.2.2. Second fast ramp; 42.3. Sliding ramp; 44.5. Drive mechanism; 45.1. Disc spring; 45.2. Positioning block; 45.3. Drive piston block; 45.2. Mounting hole; 50. Piston cylinder; 51. Unlocking piston block; 61. Adapter assembly; 62. Rotating tube; 63. Rotating housing; 64. Connecting tube; 65. Main sealing ring; 66. Secondary sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0036] This application discloses a spindle broaching device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The housing includes a housing 1, which has two ends: a mounting end 11 and an inlet end 12. Inside the housing 1, from the mounting end 11 to the inlet end 12, a locking area 13, a guide area 14, and a driving area 15 are sequentially arranged. A mounting groove 131 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1 in the locking area 13, and a snap-fit ​​component 2 is disposed within the mounting groove 131. A sliding sleeve 27 is slidably disposed in the locking area 13, and the snap-fit ​​component 2 is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 27. A guide sleeve 3 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1 in the guide area 14. A mating inclined surface 31 is provided on one side of the guide sleeve 3; a locking component 4 is provided inside the guide sleeve 3, one end of the locking component 4 is provided at one end of the sliding sleeve 27, and the locking component 4 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 27 to slide towards the inlet end 12; a piston cylinder 5 is provided at the drive area 15, and the piston cylinder 5 is used to drive the locking component 4 and the sliding sleeve 27 to slide towards the mounting end 11; the inlet of the mounting end 11 of the housing 1 is set to be elliptical, and the elliptical shape of the inlet of the mounting end 11 matches the shape of the mounted tool.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The snap-fit ​​assembly 2 includes a fixed ring 21, two sets of limiting rings 22, a preload spring 23, multiple sets of locking blocks 24, and a retaining ring 25. The retaining ring 25 is disposed at one end of the mounting groove 131 near the mounting end 11. The two sets of limiting rings 22 are disposed at one end of the fixed ring 21. A limiting plate 221 is disposed on the outer side of the limiting ring 22, and the limiting plate 221 is slidably disposed in the mounting groove 131. A limiting groove 222 is disposed on the inner side of the limiting ring 22. Multiple sets of locking blocks 24 are evenly disposed circumferentially in the limiting groove 222. A retaining spring 26 is disposed at one end of each locking block 24. One end of the preload spring 23 abuts against the other end of the fixed ring 21, and the other end of the preload spring 23 abuts against the sliding sleeve 27. A retaining ring 26 is disposed on the sliding sleeve 27. The outer end of the locking groove 271 is provided with a guide slope 272. The other end of the multiple locking blocks 24 abuts in the locking groove 271. The locking blocks 24 swing along the guide slope 272. When the sliding sleeve 27 slides towards the inlet end 12, the other end of the multiple locking blocks 24 slides upward along the guide slope 272, so that the locking blocks 24 protrude and clamp with the tool. When the sliding sleeve 27 slides towards the mounting end 11, the other end of the multiple locking blocks 24 slides downward along the guide slope 272, so that the multiple locking blocks 24 fall into the locking groove 271, and the locking blocks 24 unlock from the tool. The force of the pre-tightening spring 23 keeps the multiple locking blocks 24 abutting in the locking groove 271, preventing the locking blocks 24 from disengaging from the locking groove 271.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 The locking assembly 4 includes a locking sleeve 41, a guide rod 42, a retaining spring 43, and a driving mechanism 45. The locking sleeve 41 is provided with multiple sliding channels 411. One end of the guide rod 42 is disposed inside the locking sleeve 41, and the guide rod 42 is provided with a driving groove 421, which is located at the sliding channel 411. A slider mechanism 44 is disposed in the sliding channel 411 and the driving groove 421, and the slider mechanism 44 abuts against the mating inclined surface 31. The guide rod 42 drives the locking sleeve 41 to slide by abutting against the slider mechanism 44. The retaining spring 43 is sleeved on the guide rod 42, and the driving mechanism 45 is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod 42. One end of the retaining spring 43 abuts against the locking sleeve 41, and the other end of the retaining spring 43 abuts against the driving mechanism 45.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The slider mechanism 44 includes a first slider 441 and a second slider 442. The first slider 441 is provided with a first starting inclined surface 4411 and a first fast inclined surface 4412, which are arranged at an obtuse angle. The second slider 442 is provided with a second starting inclined surface 4421, a second fast inclined surface 4422, and a sliding inclined surface 4423. The intersection of the second starting inclined surface 4421 and the second fast inclined surface 4422 is parallel to the intersection of the second fast inclined surface 4422 and the sliding inclined surface 4423. The second starting inclined surface 4421 and the second fast inclined surface 4422 are arranged at an obtuse angle, and the second fast inclined surface 4422 and the sliding inclined surface 4423 are arranged at an acute angle. The first starting inclined surface 4411 and the second starting inclined surface 4421 are in interlocking engagement. The first rapid inclined surface 4412 and the second rapid inclined surface 4422 are cross-fitted; the sliding inclined surface 4423 and the mating inclined surface 31 are slidably fitted; one side of the second slider 442 is slidably connected to the sliding channel 411; the guide rod 42 drives the locking sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 27 to move toward the inlet end 12 of the housing 1; one end of the drive groove 421 abuts against the first slider 441; the first starting inclined surface 4411 of the first slider 441 abuts against the second starting inclined surface 4421 of the second slider 442, making the starting force larger; the sliding inclined surface 4423 of the second slider 442 slides with the mating inclined surface 31, causing the second slider 442 to slide down along the sliding channel 411; the resistance of the first rapid inclined surface 4412 and the second rapid inclined surface 4422 is reduced, and the sliding speed of the locking assembly 4 is accelerated.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 The drive mechanism 45 includes a disc spring 451, a positioning block 452, and a drive piston block 453. The positioning block 452 is disposed at one end of the guide sleeve 3. The disc spring 451 is sleeved on the guide rod 42. The drive piston block 453 has a through mounting hole 4521 in its middle. The drive piston block 453 is disposed at the other end of the guide rod 42 through the mounting hole 4521. One end of the disc spring 451 abuts against the positioning block 452, and the other end of the disc spring 451 abuts against one end of the drive piston block 453. 1. Pressing against one end of the drive piston block 453 causes the drive piston block 453 to drive the locking sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 27 to slide and lock the tool through the guide rod 42; the piston cylinder 5 is annular, and the unlocking piston block 51 is slidably arranged inside the piston cylinder 5. The piston cylinder 5 pushes the unlocking piston block 51 out through pressure to press against the other end of the drive piston block 453, so that the drive piston block 453 drives the guide rod 42, the locking sleeve 41 and the sliding sleeve 27 to slide towards the mounting end 11 of the housing 1, thereby driving the locking assembly 2 to unlock the tool.

[0041] Reference Figure 2The guide rod 42 is a hollow cavity. A transition assembly 6 is provided on the inner ring of the piston cylinder 5. The transition assembly 6 includes a rotating tube 61, a rotating outer shell 62, and a connecting tube 63. One end of the rotating tube 61 is set in the mounting hole 4521, and the rotating tube 61 is connected to the hollow cavity of the guide rod 42 through the mounting hole 4521. The other end of the rotating tube 61 is rotatably set in one end of the rotating outer shell 62, and one end of the connecting tube 63 is set in the other end of the rotating outer shell 62. The rotating tube 61 is connected to the connecting tube 63 through the rotating outer shell 62. Multiple sets of main sealing rings 64 are provided at the connection between the rotating tube 61 and the connecting tube 63, and multiple sets of secondary sealing rings 65 are provided at the connection between the connecting tube 63 and the rotating outer shell 62. The rotating tube 61 in the transition assembly 6 rotates together with the cutting device. The rotation is maintained in communication with the connecting tube 63 through the rotating outer shell 62, so that water or air can enter the device through the hollow cavity of the guide rod 42.

[0042] The working principle of the spindle broaching device in this application is as follows: The tool is inserted from the mounting end 11 of the housing 1. The elliptical inlet provides initial guidance, ensuring the tool is aligned with the center. The disc spring 451, through the driving piston block 453 and guide rod 42, pushes the locking sleeve 41 to slide towards the inlet end 12. The locking sleeve 41 drives the sliding sleeve 27 to move synchronously towards the inlet end 12. When the sliding sleeve 27 moves, the guide slope 272 on its outer wall presses upward against the locking block 24 of the clamping assembly 2, causing the locking block 24 to protrude from the clamping groove 271 and tightly press against the outer wall of the tool, completing the clamping. The preload spring 23 always keeps the locking block 24 tightly pressed against the clamping groove 271 of the sliding sleeve 27, preventing… The locking block 24 disengages to ensure stable operation. In the locking assembly 4, the first slider 441 and the second slider 442 of the slider mechanism 44 engage with each other. The first starting inclined surface 4411 of the first slider 441 and the second starting inclined surface 4421 of the second slider 442 are at an angle, requiring a relatively large starting force to push them. This ensures that the locking block 24 slowly contacts the tool during startup, avoiding impact. The sliding inclined surface 4423 of the second slider 442 slides along the engaging inclined surface 31 of the guide sleeve 3, causing the slider to switch to the first rapid inclined surface 4412. The second rapid inclined plane 4422 reduces resistance, allowing the locking sleeve 41 and sliding sleeve 27 to move quickly, improving locking efficiency. The rotating tube 61 of the adapter assembly 6 rotates synchronously with the drawbar device, and its other end is connected to the fixed connecting tube 63 through the rotating housing 62. The main sealing ring 64 and the secondary sealing ring 65 between the rotating tube 61, the connecting tube 63, and the rotating housing 62 prevent leakage. Gas or water is connected to the hollow cavity of the guide rod 42 through the connecting tube 63 and the rotating tube 61 to meet the needs of tool cooling and cleaning. Pressure is supplied to the annular piston cylinder 5, pushing the unlocking piston block 51 inside the cylinder to move towards the mounting end 11. The unlocking piston block 51 abuts against the driving piston block 453, causing the guide rod 42 and the locking sleeve 41 to slide towards the mounting end 11. The locking sleeve 41 pulls the sliding sleeve 27 to move towards the mounting end 11 simultaneously. When the sliding sleeve 27 moves, the guide slope 272 of the locking groove 271 releases the locking block 24 downward. The locking block 24 falls into the locking groove 271 under its own reset tendency and no longer abuts the tool, thus completing the unlocking.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A main spindle broach apparatus characterized by: The utility model relates to a kind of locking device, including shell (1), the two ends of the shell (1) are divided into mounting end (11) and inlet end (12), the inside of the shell (1) is sequentially provided with locking area (13), guide area (14) and drive area (15) from mounting end (11) to inlet end (12);The inner wall of the shell (1) of locking area (13) is provided with mounting groove (131), the mounting groove (131) is provided with the clamping assembly (2);Locking area (13) is slidably provided with sliding sleeve (27), the clamping assembly (2) is sleeved on sliding sleeve (27);The inner wall of the shell (1) of guide area (14) is provided with guide sleeve (3), one side in the guide sleeve (3) is provided with matching slope (31);The guide sleeve (3) is provided with locking assembly (4), one end of the locking assembly (4) is arranged in one end of sliding sleeve (27), and the locking assembly (4) is used to drive the sliding sleeve (27) to the direction of inlet end (12) sliding;Drive area (15) is provided with piston cylinder (5), and the piston cylinder (5) is used to drive the locking assembly (4) and the sliding sleeve (27) to the direction of mounting end (11) sliding;The locking assembly (4) includes slider mechanism (44), and the slider mechanism (44) is slidably connected with the matching slope (31); The slider mechanism (44) comprises a first slider (441) and a second slider (442), the first slider (441) is provided with a first starting slope (4411) and a first fast slope (4412), and the first starting slope (4411) and the first fast slope (4412) are arranged at an obtuse angle; the second slider (442) is provided with a second starting slope (4421), a second fast slope (4422) and a sliding slope (4423), the intersection line of the second starting slope (4421) and the second fast slope (4422) is parallel to the intersection line of the second fast slope (4422) and the sliding slope (4423), the second starting slope (4421) and the second fast slope (4422) are arranged at an obtuse angle, and the second fast slope (4422) and the sliding slope (4423) are arranged at an acute angle; the first starting slope (4411) cooperates with the second starting slope (4421), the first fast slope (4412) cooperates with the second fast slope (4422), the first slider (441) moves towards the inlet end (12) of the shell (1), the first starting slope (4411) of the first slider (441) moves against the second starting slope (4421) of the second slider (442), the starting force is larger, the sliding slope (4423) of the second slider (442) cooperates with the matching slope (31) to slide, the second slider (442) slides towards the mounting end (11) of the shell (1), the resistance is reduced by cooperation of the first fast slope (4412) and the second fast slope (4422), and the sliding speed of the locking assembly (4) is accelerated; the sliding slope (4423) and the matching slope (31) slide together.

2. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The locking assembly (4) comprises a locking sleeve (41), a guide rod (42), a retaining spring (43) and a driving mechanism (45), the locking sleeve (41) is provided with a plurality of sliding channels (411), one end of the guide rod (42) is arranged in the locking sleeve (41), the guide rod (42) is provided with a driving groove (421), and the driving groove (421) is arranged at the sliding channel (411); the sliding channel (411) and the driving groove (421) are provided with a slider mechanism (44), the slider mechanism (44) is slidably connected with the matching slope (31); the guide rod (42) drives the locking sleeve (41) to slide by abutting against the slider mechanism (44); the retaining spring (43) is sleeved on the guide rod (42), the driving mechanism (45) is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod (42), one end of the retaining spring (43) abuts against the locking sleeve (41), and the other end of the retaining spring (43) abuts against the driving mechanism (45); one side of the second slider (442) is slidably connected with the sliding channel (411).

3. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The driving mechanism (45) comprises a disc spring (451), a positioning block (452) and a driving piston block (453), the positioning block (452) is arranged at one end of the guide sleeve (3), the disc spring (451) is sleeved on the guide rod (42), the middle part of the driving piston block (453) is provided with a mounting hole (4521), the driving piston block (453) is arranged at the other end of the guide rod (42) through the mounting hole (4521), one end of the disc spring (451) abuts against the positioning block (452), and the other end of the disc spring (451) abuts against one end of the driving piston block (453).

4. The main spindle broach apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The clamping assembly (2) comprises a fixed ring (21), two groups of limiting rings (22), a pre-tightening spring (23), a plurality of locking blocks (24) and a check ring (25); the check ring (25) is arranged at one end of the mounting groove (131) close to the mounting end (11); two groups of the limiting rings (22) are arranged at one end of the fixed ring (21), the outer side of the limiting ring (22) is provided with a limiting plate (221), the limiting plate (221) is slidingly arranged in the mounting groove (131), and the inner side of the limiting ring (22) is provided with a limiting groove (222); a plurality of the locking blocks (24) are circumferentially and uniformly arranged in the limiting groove (222), one end of each of the plurality of locking blocks (24) is provided with a clamping spring (26); one end of the pre-tightening spring (23) abuts against the other end of the fixed ring (21), and the other end of the pre-tightening spring (23) abuts against the sliding sleeve (27).

5. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: One end of the sliding sleeve (27) is sleeved on the locking assembly (4), the other end of the sliding sleeve (27) is provided with a clamping groove (271), the outer side end of the clamping groove (271) is provided with a guide inclined surface (272), the other end of each of the plurality of locking blocks (24) abuts against the clamping groove (271), and the locking block (24) swings along the guide inclined surface (272).

6. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The guide rod (42) is a hollow cavity.

7. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The piston cylinder (5) is annular, an unlocking piston block (51) is slidingly arranged in the piston cylinder (5), an adapter assembly (6) is arranged at the inner ring of the piston cylinder (5), the adapter assembly (6) comprises a rotating pipe (61), a rotating shell (62) and a connecting pipe (63), one end of the rotating pipe (61) is arranged in the mounting hole (4521), the rotating pipe (61) is in communication with the hollow cavity of the guide rod (42) through the mounting hole (4521), the other end of the rotating pipe (61) is rotatably arranged in one end of the rotating shell (62), one end of the connecting pipe (63) is arranged in the other end of the rotating shell (62), and the rotating pipe (61) is in communication with the connecting pipe (63) through the rotating shell (62).

8. A spindle broach apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A plurality of main sealing rings (64) are arranged in the connection part of the rotating pipe (61) and the connecting pipe (63), and a plurality of secondary sealing rings (65) are arranged in the connection part of the connecting pipe (63) and the rotating shell (62).

9. The main spindle broach apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The entrance of the mounting end (11) of the shell (1) is provided as an oval shape.

Images