Air pipe outer wall polishing equipment applying ultrasonic technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipe outer polishing, and discloses air pipe outer wall polishing equipment applying the ultrasonic technology, which comprises a workbench, a rotary driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the workbench, a bracket is arranged at the right end of the top end of the workbench, and a clamping mechanism is movably connected to the middle of the top side of the workbench. A supporting assembly is arranged on the rear side of the workbench, and a lifting assembly is arranged at the front end of the top side of the supporting assembly. Through the flexible clamping design of the rotary driving mechanism, the synergistic effect of an electric expansion piece and an extension spring is utilized, flexible fixing of one end of an air pipe is achieved in cooperation with an arc-shaped protection plate, the problems of pipe wall scratching and deformation easily caused by traditional rigid clamping are effectively avoided, and the machining requirements of thin-wall or high-precision air pipes are particularly met; and meanwhile, a cooling circulation assembly integrated with the clamping mechanism can convey a cooling medium to the polishing area through a condensation box and a circulation pipe, and in combination with real-time monitoring of a temperature sensor, the pipe material change caused by high temperature is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of external pipe polishing technology, specifically to an air pipe external wall polishing device using ultrasonic technology. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace, precision instruments and other fields, air pipes are the core components for fluid transmission. The surface finish of their outer walls directly affects fluid dynamics performance and sealing reliability. Therefore, outer wall polishing is a key processing step. In the workpiece clamping and temperature control process, traditional equipment often uses rigid chucks or clamps for fixation, and the clamping force adjustment relies on manual experience. For thin-walled air tubes or tubes with high surface precision requirements, this can easily cause scratches on the tube wall, radial deformation, or clamping marks, leading to a higher scrap rate. At the same time, the heat generated by mechanical friction and energy conversion during polishing can easily cause the local temperature of the tube to rise. Existing equipment often uses natural cooling or external spray cooling, lacking real-time temperature monitoring and precise temperature control mechanisms. High temperatures often cause oxidation and a decrease in hardness of the tube material, which is particularly significant for heat-sensitive materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys. In addition, equipment positioning and calibration mainly rely on manual measurement and adjustment. The relative position of the polishing head and the pipe is determined by tools such as calipers and dial indicators. This is not only inefficient, but also subject to human operation errors, resulting in low positioning accuracy and making it unsuitable for non-standard air pipes with gradually changing diameters and slight deformations. In terms of polishing performance and operational coordination, traditional mechanical polishing equipment is limited by the rigid structure of the grinding head, making it difficult to achieve micron-level mirror-like surface polishing accuracy. For irregularly shaped air pipes with curved sections and inclined surfaces, the polishing head angle adjustment range is prone to polishing blind spots. Although some equipment has introduced ultrasonic polishing technology, it lacks a pressure feedback adjustment mechanism and adopts a fixed pressure polishing mode. When the pipe has roundness errors, it is easy to cause damage to the pipe wall due to excessive pressure or insufficient pressure to achieve incomplete polishing. The metal shavings or abrasive residues generated during polishing are mostly cleaned manually. These not only adhere to the pipe wall, affecting the quality of subsequent polishing, but also create dust pollution in the working environment. Furthermore, the existing equipment's clamping, positioning, polishing, and cooling modules are independent of each other, requiring manual coordination between each process. This leads to reduced processing efficiency, and the coordination errors in each step further reduce the finished product qualification rate, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of traditional polishing equipment, such as defects in clamping temperature control, inefficient positioning calibration, insufficient polishing performance, and poor work coordination. This invention provides an air pipe outer wall polishing device that utilizes ultrasonic technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution: An air pipe outer wall polishing device using ultrasonic technology includes a worktable, a rotary drive mechanism at the top of the worktable, a support at the top right end of the worktable, a clamping mechanism movably connected to the middle of the top side of the worktable, a support assembly at the rear side of the worktable, a lifting assembly at the top front end of the support assembly, an adjustment mechanism at the front end of the lifting assembly, a displacement assembly at the upper front end of the worktable, a dust suction assembly at the front side of the worktable, and a control assembly at the rear left end of the worktable.

[0005] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism includes a variable frequency rotary motor, a connecting shaft, and a gripping mechanism. The output end of the variable frequency rotary motor is rotatably connected to the outer end of the connecting shaft. The inner shaft end of the gripping mechanism passes through and is slidably connected to the inner axis of the connecting shaft. The operator aligns one end of the air tube to be polished with the gripping mechanism of the rotary drive mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the gripping mechanism includes a telescopic component, a gripping rod, and an arc-shaped guard plate. The inner end of the telescopic component is fixedly connected to the inner shaft of the connecting shaft. The inner end of the gripping rod is fixedly connected to the outer end of the telescopic component, and the outer end of the gripping rod is fixedly connected to the left side end of the gripping rod. The control component drives the electric telescopic device of the telescopic component to extend, causing the gripping rod to open outward, and the arc-shaped guard plate to fit against the inner wall of the air pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes an electric telescopic device and a tension spring. The tension spring is sleeved on the outside of the electric telescopic device. After the arc-shaped guard plate is attached to the inner wall of the air tube, the electric telescopic device retracts. Combined with the elastic tension of the tension spring, it achieves flexible clamping of one end of the air tube to avoid rigid clamping damage.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a rotary motor, a lead screw, a moving plate, a clamping assembly, and a cooling circulation assembly. The rotary motor is located at the left end of the worktable, the lead screw is located at the upper front end of the worktable, the bottom end of the moving plate and the top outer side of the lead screw, the bottom side of the clamping assembly is located at the top side of the moving plate, and the top end of the cooling circulation assembly passes through the bottom end of the clamping assembly. The electric cylinder of the clamping mechanism pushes the movable part to move towards the fixed part, and the two cooperate to clamp the other end of the air pipe, forming a stable support at both ends.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a fixed component, a movable component, and an electric cylinder. The bottom end of the fixed component is fixedly connected to the rear end of the top side of the moving plate, the bottom end of the movable component is slidably connected to the front end of the top side of the moving plate, and the electric cylinder is disposed at the front end of the top side of the moving plate. The rear end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end of the movable component. The rotary motor of the clamping mechanism drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby causing the moving plate and the clamping assembly to move axially, realizing the axial feeding of the air pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling circulation assembly includes a circulation pipe and a condenser. The bottom end of the circulation pipe is fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the condenser. The condenser delivers the cooling medium, cold air or coolant, to the polishing contact point through the circulation pipe. A temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the polishing area in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a support platform and a hanging platform. The bottom end of the hanging platform is fixedly connected to the top end of the support platform. The rear end of the lifting assembly is fixedly connected to the front side of the top end of the hanging platform. The rear end of the adjusting mechanism is slidably connected to the bottom side of the lower end of the hanging platform. The sliding platform slides back and forth along the hanging platform of the support assembly to achieve fine adjustment of the lateral position of the polishing head and ensure precise alignment with the pipe wall.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a fixed frame, a second rotary motor, a gear set, and a second lead screw. The rear end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support assembly. The bottom output end of the second rotary motor passes through the shaft of the gear set to the bottom and is rotatably connected to the top end of the second lead screw. The bottom end of the second lead screw passes through and is rotatably connected to the interior of the adjustment mechanism. The control assembly drives the second rotary motor of the lifting assembly according to the air pipe diameter data, which in turn drives the second lead screw to rotate through the gear set.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a sliding table and an ultrasonic polishing assembly. The rear end of the sliding table is slidably connected to the front side of the support assembly, and the bottom middle part of the ultrasonic polishing assembly is rotatably connected to the lower middle part of the sliding table. The screw rod is rotated by a gear set, causing the sliding table of the adjustment mechanism to slide up and down along the platform, adjusting the ultrasonic polishing assembly to a height that matches the outer wall of the air pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the ultrasonic polishing assembly includes a rotary driver, a polishing head assembly, a pressure buffer, and a pressure sensor. The bottom end of the rotary driver and the bottom end of the polishing head assembly are axially rotatably connected. The pressure buffer passes through the rotary driver and the polishing head assembly. The pressure sensor is disposed inside the polishing head assembly. The rotary driver drives the polishing head assembly to rotate, adjusting the contact angle between the ultrasonic polishing head and the outer wall of the air tube to adapt to the polishing of curved sections or inclined surfaces.

[0015] Furthermore, the polishing head assembly includes an ultrasonic polishing head and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is located at the bottom axis of the ultrasonic polishing head, and the contact angle between the ultrasonic polishing head and the outer wall of the air tube is adjusted to adapt to the polishing of the curved section or inclined surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the displacement assembly includes a support rod, a scanning head, and a displacement sensor. The inner top end of the support rod is disposed on the side wall of the adjustment mechanism, the scanning head is disposed on the bottom end of the support rod, and the displacement sensor is disposed on the top front side of the worktable. The inner side of the scanning head and the outer side of the displacement sensor are directly opposite each other. When the displacement assembly is activated, the scanning head at the bottom end of the support rod scans the outer wall of the air pipe, and the displacement sensor transmits the detected pipe diameter and shape data to the control box to provide a reference for subsequent polishing path planning.

[0017] Furthermore, the dust collection assembly includes a dust collection box, a fan pipe, a connecting frame, and a fan cover. The dust collection box is located at the rear end of the workbench, and the fan pipe is located on the side of the dust collection box. The top end of the fan pipe and the front end of the fan cover are fixedly connected. The inner ring of the connecting frame is fitted onto the middle of the outer side of the fan pipe. The inner side of the fan cover faces directly in front of the clamping mechanism. Under the negative pressure of the dust collection box, the fan pipe of the dust collection assembly sucks away the metal or non-metal debris generated during polishing through the fan cover facing directly in front of the clamping mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the control component includes a support base and a control box. The support base is located at the rear left end of the worktable, and the control box is located at the top of the support base. The control box activates the ultrasonic polishing head to generate high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, thereby achieving micron-level high-frequency impact polishing using ultrasonic technology.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an air pipe outer wall polishing device using ultrasonic technology, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This ultrasonic air tube outer wall polishing equipment utilizes a flexible clamping design in its rotary drive mechanism. The combined action of an electric telescopic device and a tension spring, along with an arc-shaped protective plate, achieves flexible fixation of one end of the air tube, effectively avoiding the tube wall scratches and deformation problems easily caused by traditional rigid clamping. It is particularly suitable for processing thin-walled or high-precision air tubes. Simultaneously, the integrated cooling circulation component of the clamping mechanism delivers cooling medium to the polishing area through a condenser and circulation pipe. Combined with real-time monitoring by a temperature sensor, it can precisely control the polishing temperature, preventing changes in the tube material caused by high temperatures. The scanning head and displacement sensor of the displacement component can pre-acquire the outer wall shape data of the air tube, providing a precise positioning benchmark for polishing path planning, thus solving the pain points of large errors and poor adaptability in manual calibration.

[0020] 2. This air pipe outer wall polishing equipment, utilizing ultrasonic technology, achieves micron-level surface polishing through the high-frequency vibration characteristics of the ultrasonic polishing components. Combined with a rotary actuator, the polishing angle can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the processing needs of complex shapes such as curved sections and inclined surfaces of air pipes. The combined design of a pressure sensor and pressure buffer dynamically monitors and adjusts the contact pressure between the polishing head and the pipe wall, preventing damage to the workpiece due to excessive pressure or incomplete polishing due to insufficient pressure. The dust extraction component removes polishing debris in real time, preventing impurities from adhering and affecting polishing quality, while also improving the working environment. All mechanisms work in synergy through control components, achieving integrated operation of clamping, positioning, polishing, cooling, and debris removal, significantly improving processing efficiency and finished product qualification rate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The left side of the three-dimensional view shows the overall structure of the invention; Figure 2 The right-hand side of the overall structure of this invention is shown in a three-dimensional perspective view. Figure 3 A three-dimensional perspective view showing the structure between the support component, lifting component, adjustment mechanism and control component of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the ultrasonic polishing component of the present invention; Figure 5 A detailed three-dimensional view showing the bottom structure of the polishing head assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of the right end of the displacement component of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A three-dimensional perspective view of the rotary drive mechanism of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A three-dimensional perspective view of the internal structure of the gripping mechanism of this invention is provided. Figure 9 A three-dimensional perspective view is provided to illustrate the internal structure of the telescopic component of this invention. Figure 10 A three-dimensional perspective view is provided to illustrate the internal structure of the clamping mechanism of this invention. Figure 11 The left side shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the clamping component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a front view of the internal structure of the cooling circulation component of the present invention; Figure 13 The left side shows a three-dimensional perspective view of the internal structure of the dust collection component of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Rotary drive mechanism; 21. Variable frequency rotary motor; 22. Connecting shaft; 23. Gripping mechanism; 231. Telescopic assembly; 2311. Electric telescopic device; 2312. Tension spring; 232. Gripping rod; 233. Arc-shaped guard plate; 3. Bracket; 4. Clamping mechanism; 41. Rotary motor one; 42. Lead screw one; 43. Moving plate; 44. Clamping assembly; 441. Fixed part; 442. Moving part; 443. Electric cylinder; 45. Cooling circulation assembly; 451. Circulation pipe; 452. Condensation box; 5. Support assembly; 51. Support platform; 52. Hanging platform; 6. Lifting assembly 61. Fixed frame; 62. Rotary motor II; 63. Gear set; 64. Lead screw II; 7. Adjustment mechanism; 71. Sliding table; 72. Ultrasonic polishing assembly; 721. Rotary driver; 722. Polishing head assembly; 7221. Ultrasonic polishing head; 7222. Temperature sensor; 723. Pressure buffer; 724. Pressure sensor; 8. Displacement assembly; 81. Support rod; 82. Scanning head; 83. Displacement sensor; 9. Dust collection assembly; 91. Dust collection box; 92. Fan duct; 93. Connecting frame; 94. Fan cover; 10. Control assembly; 1001. Support base; 1002. Control box. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1:

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 7-9As shown, an air pipe outer wall polishing device using ultrasonic technology includes a worktable 1. A rotary drive mechanism 2 is provided on the top of the worktable 1. The rotary drive mechanism 2 includes a variable frequency rotary motor 21, a connecting shaft 22, and a gripping mechanism 23. The output end of the variable frequency rotary motor 21 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the connecting shaft 22. The inner shaft end of the gripping mechanism 23 passes through and is slidably connected to the inner axis of the connecting shaft 22. The gripping mechanism 23 includes a telescopic component 231, a gripping rod 232, and an arc-shaped guard plate 233. The inner end of the telescopic component 231 is fixedly connected to the inner axis of the connecting shaft 22, and the inner end of the gripping rod 232 is... The outer end of the telescopic assembly 231 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the gripping rod 232, and the outer end of the gripping rod 232 is fixedly connected to the left side end of the gripping rod 232. The telescopic assembly 231 includes an electric telescopic device 2311 and a tension spring 2312. The tension spring 2312 is sleeved on the outside of the electric telescopic device 2311. The control assembly 10 drives the electric telescopic device 2311 of the telescopic assembly 231 to extend, which drives the gripping rod 232 to open outward. After the arc-shaped guard plate 233 is attached to the inner wall of the air pipe, the electric telescopic device 2311 retracts. With the elastic tension of the tension spring 2312, the flexible clamping of one end of the air pipe is achieved to avoid rigid clamping damage. like Figures 10-13 As shown, a bracket 3 is provided at the top right end of the workbench 1. A clamping mechanism 4 is movably connected to the middle of the top side of the workbench 1. The clamping mechanism 4 includes a rotary motor 41, a lead screw 42, a moving plate 43, a clamping assembly 44, and a cooling circulation assembly 45. The rotary motor 41 is located at the left end of the workbench 1, the lead screw 42 is located at the upper front end of the workbench 1, the bottom end of the moving plate 43 and the top outer side of the lead screw 42 are connected to it, the bottom side of the clamping assembly 44 is located at the top side of the moving plate 43, and the top end of the cooling circulation assembly 45 passes through the bottom end of the clamping assembly 44. The clamping assembly 44 includes a fixing member 441, a moving member 442, and a... The bottom end of the electric cylinder 443 and the fixed part 441 are fixedly connected to the rear end of the top side of the moving plate 43, and the bottom end of the movable part 442 is slidably connected to the front end of the top side of the moving plate 43. The electric cylinder 443 is set at the front end of the top side of the moving plate 43, and the rear end of the electric cylinder 443 and the bottom end of the front end of the movable part 442 are fixedly connected. The cooling circulation assembly 45 includes a circulation pipe 451 and a condenser box 452. The bottom end of the circulation pipe 451 is fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the condenser box 452. The rotary motor 41 of the clamping mechanism 4 drives the lead screw 42 to rotate, thereby moving the moving plate 43 and the clamping assembly 44 axially to realize the axial feeding of the air pipe. like Figures 1-13 As shown, a support assembly 5 is provided on the rear side of the workbench 1. The support assembly 5 includes a support platform 51 and a hanging platform 52. The bottom end of the hanging platform 52 is fixedly connected to the top end of the support platform 51. The sliding table 71 slides back and forth along the hanging platform 52 of the support assembly 5 to achieve fine adjustment of the lateral position of the polishing head and ensure precise alignment with the tube wall. like Figure 3As shown, a lifting component 6 is provided at the top front end of the support component 5. The rear end of the lifting component 6 is fixedly connected to the top front side of the hanging platform 52. The lifting component 6 includes a fixed frame 61, a second rotary motor 62, a gear set 63, and a second lead screw 64. The rear end of the fixed frame 61 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support component 5. The bottom output end of the second rotary motor 62 passes through the shaft of the gear set 63 to the bottom and is rotatably connected to the top end of the second lead screw 64. The second rotary motor 62 drives the lifting component 6, and drives the second lead screw 64 to rotate through the gear set 63, so that the sliding table 71 of the adjustment mechanism 7 slides up and down along the hanging platform 52. like Figures 3-5 As shown, the lifting assembly 6 has an adjustment mechanism 7 at its front end. The bottom end of the lead screw 64 passes through and is rotatably connected to the interior of the adjustment mechanism 7. The rear end of the adjustment mechanism 7 is slidably connected to the lower bottom side of the lifting platform 52. The adjustment mechanism 7 includes a sliding table 71 and an ultrasonic polishing assembly 72. The rear end of the sliding table 71 is slidably connected to the front side of the support assembly 5. The bottom middle part of the ultrasonic polishing assembly 72 is rotatably connected to the lower middle part of the sliding table 71. The ultrasonic polishing assembly 72 includes a rotary driver 721, a polishing head assembly 722, a pressure buffer 723, and a pressure sensor 724. The bottom end of the rotary driver 721 is axially rotatably connected to the bottom end of the polishing head assembly 722. The pressure buffer 723 passes through the rotary driver 721. Between the actuator 721 and the polishing head assembly 722, a pressure sensor 724 is disposed inside the polishing head assembly 722. The polishing head assembly 722 includes an ultrasonic polishing head 7221 and a temperature sensor 7222. The temperature sensor 7222 is disposed at the bottom axis of the ultrasonic polishing head 7221. The sliding table 71 of the linkage mechanism 7 slides up and down along the hanging platform 52 to adjust the ultrasonic polishing assembly 72 to a height that matches the outer wall of the air pipe. The rotary driver 721 drives the polishing head assembly 722 to rotate, adjusting the contact angle between the ultrasonic polishing head 7221 and the outer wall of the air pipe to match the polishing of the curved section or inclined surface. The sliding table 71 slides back and forth along the hanging platform 52 of the support assembly 5 to achieve fine adjustment of the lateral position of the polishing head. Example 2:

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, a displacement assembly 8 is provided on the upper front side of the worktable 1. The displacement assembly 8 includes a support rod 81, a scanning head 82, and a displacement sensor 83. The inner top end of the support rod 81 is located on the side wall of the adjustment mechanism 7. The scanning head 82 is located at the bottom end of the support rod 81. The displacement sensor 83 is located at the top front side of the worktable 1. The inner side of the scanning head 82 and the outer side of the displacement sensor 83 face each other. When the displacement assembly 8 is activated, the scanning head 82 at the bottom end of the support rod 81 scans the outer wall of the air pipe. The displacement sensor 83 transmits the detected pipe diameter and shape data to the control box 1002 to provide a reference for subsequent polishing path planning. like Figure 13As shown, a dust collection assembly 9 is provided on the front side of the workbench 1. The dust collection assembly 9 includes a dust collection box 91, a fan pipe 92, a connecting frame 93, and a fan cover 94. The dust collection box 91 is located at the rear end of the workbench 1, and the fan pipe 92 is located on the side of the dust collection box 91. The top end of the fan pipe 92 is fixedly connected to the front end of the fan cover 94. The inner ring of the connecting frame 93 is fitted around the middle of the outer side of the fan pipe 92. The inner side of the fan cover 94 faces the front of the clamping mechanism 4. Under the negative pressure of the dust collection box 91, the fan pipe 92 of the dust collection assembly 9 sucks away the metal or non-metal debris generated during polishing through the fan cover 94 facing the front of the clamping mechanism 4. The connecting frame 93 fixes the position of the fan pipe 92 to ensure dust collection efficiency. like Figure 3 As shown, a control component 10 is provided at the rear left end of the worktable 1. The control component 10 includes a support base 1001 and a control box 1002. The support base 1001 is located at the rear left end of the worktable 1, and the control box 1002 is located at the top of the support base 1001. The control box 1002 activates the ultrasonic polishing head 7221 to generate high-frequency ultrasonic vibration and achieve micron-level high-frequency impact polishing using ultrasonic technology. At the same time, the pressure sensor 724 monitors the contact pressure between the polishing head and the tube wall in real time.

[0026] Working principle: such as Figures 1-13 As shown, the air pipe is fixed: the operator aligns one end of the air pipe to be polished with the gripping mechanism 23 of the rotary drive mechanism 2. The control component 10 drives the electric telescopic component 2311 of the telescopic component 231 to extend, which drives the gripping rod 232 to open outward. After the arc-shaped guard plate 233 fits against the inner wall of the air pipe, the electric telescopic component 2311 retracts. With the elastic tension of the tension spring 2312, the air pipe is flexibly clamped to avoid rigid clamping damage. At the same time, the electric cylinder 443 of the clamping mechanism 4 pushes the movable part 442 to move towards the fixed part 441. The two work together to clamp the other end of the air pipe, forming a stable support at both ends. Initial position calibration: The displacement component 8 is activated, the scanning head 82 at the bottom of the support rod 81 scans the outer wall of the air pipe, and the displacement sensor 83 transmits the detected pipe diameter and shape data to the control box 1002 to provide a reference for subsequent polishing path planning; Height adjustment: According to the air pipe diameter data, the control component 10 drives the rotary motor 62 of the lifting component 6 to rotate the lead screw 64 through the gear set 63, so that the sliding table 71 of the adjustment mechanism 7 slides up and down along the hanging platform 52, and adjusts the ultrasonic polishing component 72 to a height that matches the outer wall of the air pipe. Angle and lateral adjustment: The rotary driver 721 drives the polishing head assembly 722 to rotate, adjusting the contact angle between the ultrasonic polishing head 7221 and the outer wall of the air pipe to adapt to the polishing of the curved section or inclined surface; the sliding table 71 slides back and forth along the hanging platform 52 of the support assembly 5 to achieve fine adjustment of the lateral position of the polishing head and ensure precise alignment with the pipe wall; Ultrasonic vibration start: The control box 1002 starts the ultrasonic polishing head 7221, which generates high-frequency ultrasonic vibration to achieve micron-level high-frequency impact polishing using ultrasonic technology. At the same time, the pressure sensor 724 monitors the contact pressure between the polishing head and the tube wall in real time. The pressure buffer 723, through its elastic buffering effect, works with the control components to dynamically adjust the polishing pressure to avoid excessive pressure that damages the tube wall or insufficient pressure that leads to incomplete polishing. Workpiece motion coordination: The variable frequency rotary motor 21 of the rotary drive mechanism 2 drives the gripping mechanism 23 and the air tube to rotate through the connecting shaft 22. The rotation speed can be adjusted according to the polishing accuracy requirements. At the same time, the rotary motor 41 of the clamping mechanism 4 drives the lead screw 42 to rotate, which drives the moving plate 43 and the clamping assembly 44 to move axially, realizing the axial feeding of the air tube. The coordination of rotation and axial feeding makes the ultrasonic polishing head 7221 evenly cover the entire outer wall of the air tube, forming a continuous and uniform polishing texture. Cooling and temperature control: The cooling circulation component 45 starts synchronously. The condenser box 452 delivers the cooling medium, cold air or coolant, to the polishing contact point through the circulation pipe 451. The temperature sensor 7222 monitors the temperature of the polishing area in real time. If the temperature exceeds the threshold, the control box 1002 automatically increases the cooling flow to avoid changes in the pipe wall material or wear of the polishing head due to high temperature. Debris removal: Under the negative pressure of the dust collection box 91, the fan pipe 92 of the dust collection component 9 sucks away the metal or non-metal debris generated during polishing through the fan cover 94 facing the front of the clamping mechanism 4. The connecting bracket 93 fixes the position of the fan pipe 92 to ensure dust collection efficiency and maintain a clean working environment.

Claims

1. An air pipe outer wall polishing device using ultrasonic technology, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: The top of the workbench (1) is provided with a rotary drive mechanism (2). The rotary drive mechanism (2) includes a variable frequency rotary motor (21), a connecting shaft (22), and a gripping mechanism (23). The gripping mechanism (23) includes a telescopic component (231), a gripping rod (232), and an arc-shaped guard plate (233). The telescopic component (231) includes an electric telescopic device (2311) and a tension spring (2312). The tension spring (2312) is sleeved on the outside of the electric telescopic device (2311) to achieve flexible clamping of one end of the air pipe to avoid rigid clamping damage. A bracket (3) is provided at the top right end of the workbench (1). A clamping mechanism (4) is movably connected to the middle of the top side of the workbench (1). The clamping mechanism (4) includes a rotary motor (41), a lead screw (42), a moving plate (43), a clamping assembly (44), and a cooling circulation assembly (45). The cooling circulation assembly (45) includes a circulation pipe (451) and a condenser (452). The bottom end of the circulation pipe (451) is fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the top of the condenser (452) for clamping the other end of the air pipe and for real-time cooling of the polishing area. A support assembly (5) is provided on the rear side of the worktable (1). A lifting assembly (6) is provided on the top front end of the support assembly (5). An adjustment mechanism (7) is provided on the front end of the lifting assembly (6). The adjustment mechanism (7) includes a sliding table (71) and an ultrasonic polishing assembly (72). The ultrasonic polishing assembly (72) includes a rotary driver (721), a polishing head assembly (722), a pressure buffer (723), and a pressure sensor (724). The polishing head assembly (722) includes an ultrasonic polishing head (7221) and a temperature sensor (7222). The temperature sensor (7222) is located at the bottom axis of the ultrasonic polishing head (7221) and is used to realize ultrasonic vibration polishing, contact pressure adjustment, and temperature monitoring. The upper front end of the worktable (1) is provided with a displacement component (8), which includes a support rod (81), a scanning head (82) and a displacement sensor (83). The scanning head (82) is located at the bottom end of the support rod (81), and the displacement sensor (83) is located at the top front end of the worktable (1) for scanning the outer shape of the air pipe and obtaining the positioning reference. A dust collection component (9) is provided on the front side of the workbench (1), and a control component (10) is provided on the rear left side of the workbench (1).

2. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the variable frequency rotary motor (21) is rotatably connected to the outer end of the connecting shaft (22). The inner shaft end of the gripping mechanism (23) passes through and is slidably connected to the inner axis of the connecting shaft (22). The inner end of the telescopic component (231) is fixedly connected to the inner axis of the connecting shaft (22). The inner end of the gripping rod (232) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the telescopic component (231). The outer end of the gripping rod (232) is fixedly connected to the left side end of the gripping rod (232).

3. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motor (41) is located at the left end of the worktable (1), the lead screw (42) is located at the upper front end of the worktable (1), the bottom end of the moving plate (43) and the top outer end of the lead screw (42), the bottom side of the clamping assembly (44) is located at the top side of the moving plate (43), and the top end of the cooling circulation assembly (45) passes through the bottom end of the clamping assembly (44).

4. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (44) includes a fixed member (441), a movable member (442), and an electric cylinder (443). The bottom end of the fixed member (441) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the top side of the movable plate (43). The bottom end of the movable member (442) is slidably connected to the front end of the top side of the movable plate (43). The electric cylinder (443) is located at the front end of the top side of the movable plate (43). The rear end of the electric cylinder (443) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end of the movable member (442).

5. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (5) includes a support platform (51) and a hanging platform (52). The bottom end of the hanging platform (52) is fixedly connected to the top end of the support platform (51). The rear end of the lifting assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the front side of the top end of the hanging platform (52). The rear end of the adjusting mechanism (7) is slidably connected to the bottom side of the lower end of the hanging platform (52).

6. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (6) includes a fixed frame (61), a second rotary motor (62), a gear set (63), and a second lead screw (64). The rear end of the fixed frame (61) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support assembly (5). The bottom output end of the second rotary motor (62) passes through the shaft of the gear set (63) to the bottom and is rotatably connected to the top end of the second lead screw (64). The bottom end of the second lead screw (64) passes through and is rotatably connected to the interior of the adjustment mechanism (7).

7. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle bottom end of the ultrasonic polishing assembly (72) is rotatably connected to the middle lower end of the sliding stage (71), the rear end of the sliding stage (71) is slidably connected to the front side of the support assembly (5), the bottom end of the rotary driver (721) is axially rotatably connected to the bottom end of the polishing head assembly (722), the pressure buffer (723) passes through the rotary driver (721) and the polishing head assembly (722), and the pressure sensor (724) is disposed on the inner side of the polishing head assembly (722).

8. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner end of the support rod (81) is located on the side wall of the adjustment mechanism (7), and the inner side of the scanning head (82) and the outer side of the displacement sensor (83) are directly opposite each other.

9. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection assembly (9) includes a dust collection box (91), a fan pipe (92), a connecting frame (93), and a fan cover (94). The dust collection box (91) is located at the rear end of the workbench (1). The fan pipe (92) is located on the side of the dust collection box (91). The top end of the fan pipe (92) is fixedly connected to the front end of the fan cover (94). The inner ring of the connecting frame (93) is fitted around the middle of the outer side of the fan pipe (92). The inner side of the fan cover (94) is directly in front of the clamping mechanism (4).

10. The air pipe outer wall polishing equipment using ultrasonic technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (10) includes a support base (1001) and a control box (1002). The support base (1001) is located at the rear left end of the workbench (1), and the control box (1002) is located at the top of the support base (1001).

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