High-strength antioxidant wear-resistant long-acting composite non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength anti-oxidation wear-resistant long-acting composite non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of automotive interior materials, the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a surface layer non-woven fabric, preparing a middle layer non-woven fabric, and compounding; the step of preparing the surface layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: preparing melt-extruded polypropylene, preparing melt-extruded polyamide, preparing a composite spun-bonded non-woven fabric, and soaking; soaking: completely soaking the composite spun-bonded non-woven fabric in a soaking solution, soaking at 50-60 DEG C, rolling at room temperature, drying at 80-85 DEG C for 2-3 minutes, drying at 140-150 DEG C for 4-5 minutes, washing with water, and drying at 80-85 DEG C to obtain a surface layer non-woven fabric; the mechanical property, the weather resistance, the wear resistance, the toughness, the sound insulation and noise reduction functions and the heat and humidity resistance of the non-woven fabric can be improved at the same time, and the excellent application effect is achieved in the field of automobile interiors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive interior materials technology, specifically to a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of the automotive market has driven new demands and applications for nonwoven fabrics. According to statistics, more than 40 types of automotive parts use nonwoven fabrics. The development of nonwoven fabrics has made great contributions to the lightweighting of automobiles. According to data from the European Nonwovens Association (EDANA), nonwoven fabrics are typically 30% lighter than the traditional materials they replace. On the other hand, the development of electric vehicles and autonomous vehicles has also opened up the market for nonwoven fabrics. Nonwoven fabrics have high porosity, which can effectively reduce noise, and good breathability, bringing a comfortable experience to drivers and passengers.

[0003] Currently, the nonwoven fabrics commonly used in automotive interiors are mostly made from polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), or a mixture of both, through spunbonding, meltblowing, or needle punching processes. While these materials are low-cost and easy to process, they have the following significant drawbacks in practical applications: First, the mechanical properties are insufficient. Ordinary PP / PET nonwoven fabrics have low tensile breaking strength and are prone to deformation or even breakage when subjected to long-term stress (such as frequent friction of seats or pressure on door panels). Second, poor weather resistance. Car interiors are exposed to high temperature, ultraviolet rays and humid environment for a long time. Traditional materials are prone to molecular chain breakage due to lack of antioxidant stabilizers (such as PP aging accelerated above 80℃), resulting in decreased strength, yellowing color, and a service life of less than 5 years. Third, it has insufficient abrasion resistance. Untreated single-layer PP / PET nonwoven fabric can usually only withstand 10,000 to 20,000 abrasions in the Martindale abrasion test, which is difficult to meet the needs of high-frequency used parts (such as seat sides and armrests). To address the above problems, existing technologies are mainly improved in the following aspects: First, stabilizers are added to PP / PET nonwoven fabrics. The photoaging and degradation of polypropylene nonwoven fabrics. Jie Hao. Master's thesis, South China University of Technology, December 2012. It was disclosed that adding talc to polypropylene can improve its stability, i.e., its UV resistance. The UV resistance of polypropylene increases with the increase of talc. However, the development of automotive interior roof composite panels. Li Lan et al. China Plastics. July 1996. It was disclosed that when talc is added to polypropylene, with the increase of filler content, the flexural modulus increases, and the notched impact strength decreases, i.e., the toughness of polypropylene decreases. Second, a coating is deposited on the surface of PP / PET nonwoven fabric. The preparation and performance study of superhydrophilic / underwater superoleophobic polypropylene membranes. Li Chen. Master's thesis, Wuhan Textile University. May 2020. It was published that polypropylene filter membranes with deposited nano-TiO2 coatings exhibit good wear resistance. However, the nano-TiO2 coating affects the porosity of PP / PET nonwoven fabrics, thus impacting their sound insulation and noise reduction functions. Third, multilayer materials are laminated onto PP / PET nonwoven fabric using adhesives. The development of laminated automotive seat cover fabrics. Cui Weiwei. Master's thesis, Xi'an University of Technology. March 2017. Laminated composite automotive seat covers utilize lamination technology to bond three different fabrics together with adhesives. This technology combines the advantages of each layer to form a high-performance seat cover fabric. Furthermore, lamination technology is not limited by thickness and can produce laminated fabrics of various thicknesses. However, the interlayer bonding is relatively weak, and delamination is likely during long-term use in humid and hot environments.

[0004] In summary, existing improvement methods make it difficult to simultaneously obtain nonwoven fabrics for automotive interiors that possess excellent mechanical properties, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, toughness, sound insulation and noise reduction functions, and resistance to damp heat. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric and its preparation method, which can simultaneously improve the mechanical properties, weather resistance, wear resistance, toughness, sound insulation and noise reduction functions, and damp heat resistance of nonwoven fabrics, and achieve excellent application results in the field of automotive interiors.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric includes: preparing a surface nonwoven fabric, preparing a middle nonwoven fabric, and composite; The preparation of the surface nonwoven fabric includes: preparing melt-extruded polypropylene, preparing melt-extruded polyamide, preparing composite spunbond nonwoven fabric, and soaking; The preparation of melt-extruded polypropylene involves adding polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica to the No. 1 screw of a composite spinning machine for melt extrusion to obtain melt-extruded polypropylene. In the preparation of melt-extruded polypropylene, the weight ratio of polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2-2.3. The temperature of the melt extrusion is 255-260℃; The polypropylene resin is a homopolymer polypropylene resin with a melt index of 30-40 g / 10 min at 230℃ and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The preparation of melt-extruded polyamide involves adding polyamide, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica to the No. 2 screw of a composite spinning machine for melt extrusion to obtain melt-extruded polyamide. In the preparation of the melt-extruded polyamide, the weight ratio of polyamide, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2-2.3. The temperature of the melt extrusion is 265-270℃; The polyamide is polyamide 6, with a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The preparation of the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric involves metering melt-extruded polypropylene and melt-extruded polyamide separately using a metering pump, and then extruding and spinning them together through a composite spinneret assembly to obtain a core-sheath type composite fiber with polyamide as the sheath material and polypropylene as the core material. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric is then formed by the spunbonding method. In the preparation of the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric, the mass ratio of melt-extruded polypropylene to melt-extruded polyamide is 7:3-3.2. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 50-53 g / m². 2 The thickness is 0.45-0.47mm; The soaking process involves completely immersing the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric in the soaking solution at 50-60℃ for 30-40 minutes, rolling it dry at room temperature, drying it at 80-85℃ for 2-3 minutes, drying it at 140-150℃ for 4-5 minutes, washing it with water 4-6 times, and drying it at 80-85℃ to obtain the surface nonwoven fabric. The soaking process involves preparing the soaking solution as follows: Methyltriethoxysilane, a first portion of anhydrous ethanol, and a first portion of deionized water are mixed and refluxed at 100-300 rpm for 10-20 minutes at 80-82°C. A second portion of anhydrous ethanol and a second portion of deionized water are then added, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for another 20-22 hours to obtain polymethylsiloxane. Lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride and a third portion of deionized water are mixed, subjected to a first ultrasonic vibration, and then nano-silica is added. A second ultrasonic vibration is performed, and the mixture is stirred at 1000-1200 rpm for 30-40 minutes to obtain a silica dispersion. The polymethylsiloxane and silica dispersion are then mixed and stirred at 1000-1200 rpm for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the soaking solution. In the preparation of the soaking solution, the weight ratio of methyltriethoxysilane, the first part of anhydrous ethanol, the first part of deionized water, the second part of anhydrous ethanol, the second part of deionized water, lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the third part of deionized water, and nano silica is 1600-1700:280-300:580-590:180-200:190-200:4.8-5:1700-2000:34-36; The particle size of the nano-silica is 20 nm; The frequency of the first ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30kHz, and the duration is 30-40min; The frequency of the second ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30kHz, and the duration is 30-40min; The preparation of the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric involves adding polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and talc to a spinning machine for melt extrusion and spinning, forming an intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric through spunbonding; opening and carding the treated PET long fibers, then adding them to a web-laying machine for web-laying, and then adding them to a needle-punching machine for needle-punching to obtain an intermediate layer PET fiber web; stacking the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric, the intermediate layer PET fiber web, and the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric from top to bottom, and then hot-pressing them together to obtain the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric; In the preparation of the intermediate nonwoven fabric, the weight ratio of polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and talc is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2.8-3. The polypropylene is homopolymer polypropylene with a melt index of 30-40 g / 10 min at 230℃ and 2.16 kg. The talc powder has a particle size of 1 μm; In the hot-pressing composite process, the temperature is 160-165℃, the pressure is 5-5.5MPa, and the time is 40-50s. In the intermediate nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric used in the intermediate layer is 30-32 g / m². 2 The middle layer uses PET fiber mesh with a basis weight of 15-20 g / m². 2 ; The thickness of the intermediate nonwoven fabric is 0.6-0.8 mm; The method for preparing the treated PET long fibers is as follows: PET long fibers are completely immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, boiled for 30-40 minutes, filtered, and the filter residue is washed 4-6 times with water and dried at 80-85℃ to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; nano-silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and the first portion of deionized water are mixed and stirred under reflux at 100-300 rpm at 40-50℃ for 7-8 hours, centrifuged at 10000-12000 rpm for 10-15 minutes, the precipitate is collected, and dried at 80-85℃ to obtain coupling-treated silica; the alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and the second portion of deionized water are mixed, ultrasonically vibrated, allowed to stand for 60-90 minutes, filtered, and the filter residue is dried at 80-85℃ to obtain the treated PET long fibers; In the preparation of the treated PET long fibers, the mass ratio of nano silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and the first portion of deionized water is 10-12:1-1.5:15-20:80-90. The mass ratio of alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and the second part of deionized water is 10:0.9-1:140-160. The frequency of the ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30kHz, and the duration is 30-40min; The PET long fiber has a diameter of 2 dtex and a length of 40 mm; The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The sodium hydroxide aqueous solution has a molar concentration of 5%. The composite process involves stacking the surface nonwoven fabric, the middle nonwoven fabric, and the surface nonwoven fabric from top to bottom, and then hot-pressing them together to obtain a high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, and long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric. In the composite process, the hot-pressing temperature is 160-165℃, the pressure is 5-5.5MPa, and the time is 30-40s.

[0007] A high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by the aforementioned method.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The preparation method of the high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric of the present invention uses an soaking solution in the preparation of the surface nonwoven fabric. The soaking solution is a composition of polymethylsiloxane and lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride coated with nano-silica. The lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride coated with nano-silica acts as a nano-emulsifier and can disperse polymethylsiloxane. At the same time, the lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride coated with nano-silica can also be bonded to the surface of the surface nonwoven fabric, improving the surface roughness and porosity of the surface nonwoven fabric. The lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride has hydrophobic groups, which can also improve the hydrophobicity of nano-silica. Nano-silica can also reflect ultraviolet light, thereby improving the wear resistance of the prepared composite nonwoven fabric, while also improving the peel strength, weather resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction function (by increasing the porosity of the nonwoven fabric, i.e., increasing the air permeability of the nonwoven fabric), and moisture and heat resistance. (2) The preparation method of the high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric of the present invention, wherein the treated PET long fibers used in the preparation of the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric are first treated to increase the surface roughness of the PET long fibers and hydrolyze the ester groups to hydroxyl groups to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; then, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is used to couple nano-silica to introduce amino groups onto the surface of nano-silica to obtain coupled silica; then, the alkali-treated PET long fibers and coupled silica are mixed to obtain coupled silica. Silicon is adsorbed onto alkali-treated PET long fibers through intermolecular forces to obtain treated PET long fibers. Then, when the treated PET long fibers are mixed with meltblown polypropylene nonwoven fabric, the nano-silica on the surface of the treated PET long fibers can increase the porosity of the intermediate nonwoven fabric. Silica can also act as a binder and reflect ultraviolet light, improving the bonding force between the treated PET long fibers and the polypropylene nonwoven fabric. This improves the mechanical properties, toughness, peel strength, and weather resistance of the prepared composite nonwoven fabric. At the same time, nano-silica can also increase the porosity of the nonwoven fabric, further enhancing its noise reduction function. (3) The high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by this invention has a transverse tensile breaking strength of 442-454 N / 5cm, a longitudinal tensile breaking strength of 510-533 N / 5cm, a transverse breaking elongation of 389-403%, a longitudinal breaking elongation of 304-322%, and a peel strength of 4.7-5.0 N / cm. When the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by this invention is continuously irradiated for 500 hours at a temperature of 40℃, a relative humidity of 70%, and a UV lamp wavelength of 340nm, the tensile strength retention rate is 92.4-94.0%. With a friction load controlled at 795g, the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by this invention is subjected to a wear resistance test, and the number of friction cycles until breakage is 32254-34870. The air permeability of the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by this invention is 271-295 L / (m²). 2 •s); The high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared in this invention was left to stand for 100 hours at a temperature of 45°C and a relative humidity of 90%, and then dried at 80°C. The peel strength retention rate was 97.3-99.4%. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described.

[0010] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric, specifically as follows: 1. Preparation of surface nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.8 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 2 parts of nano silica are added to the No. 1 screw of the composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature is controlled at 255℃ to obtain melt-extruded polypropylene. By weight, 100 parts of polyamide, 2.2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.8 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 2 parts of nano silica were added to the No. 2 screw of the composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature was controlled at 265℃ to obtain melt-extruded polyamide. Melt-extruded polypropylene and melt-extruded polyamide are metered separately by metering pumps to control the mass ratio of melt-extruded polypropylene to melt-extruded polyamide to be 7:3. Then they are extruded and spun together through a composite spinneret to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber with polyamide as the sheath material and polypropylene as the core material. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric is formed by spunbonding. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric was completely immersed in the soaking solution, soaked at 50°C for 30 minutes, squeezed dry at room temperature, dried at 80°C for 2 minutes, dried at 140°C for 4 minutes, washed with water 4 times, and dried at 80°C to obtain the surface nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene resin is a homopolymer polypropylene resin with a melt index of 40 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The polyamide is polyamide 6, with a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 50 g / m². 2 The thickness is 0.45mm; The soaking solution is prepared as follows: 1600g of methyltriethoxysilane, 280g of anhydrous ethanol, and 580g of deionized water are mixed and stirred under reflux at 100rpm for 10min at 80℃. Then, 180g of anhydrous ethanol and 190g of deionized water are added, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for another 20h to obtain polymethylsiloxane. 4.8g of lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride and 1700g of deionized water are mixed and ultrasonically vibrated at 20kHz for 30min. Then, 34g of nano-silica is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically vibrated at 20kHz for 30min. The mixture is then stirred at 1000rpm for 30min to obtain a silica dispersion. The polymethylsiloxane and silica dispersion are mixed and stirred at 1000rpm for 1h to obtain the soaking solution. In the preparation of the soaking solution, the particle size of the nano-silica is 20 nm; 2. Preparation of the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.8 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 2.8 parts of talc are added to a spinning machine for melt extrusion and spinning to form an intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric. The treated PET long fibers are opened and carded, then added to a web-laying machine for web laying, and then added to a needle-punching machine for needle punching to obtain an intermediate layer PET fiber web. The intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric, the intermediate layer PET fiber web, and the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 160℃, the pressure at 5MPa, and the time at 40s to obtain the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene is homopolymer polypropylene with a melt index of 40 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The talc powder has a particle size of 1 μm; The preparation method of the treated PET long fibers is as follows: PET long fibers are completely immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, boiled for 30 minutes, filtered, and the filter residue is washed four times with water and dried at 80°C to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; nano-silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:15:80, stirred and refluxed at 100 rpm at 40°C for 7 hours, centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes, the precipitate is collected, and dried at 80°C to obtain coupling-treated silica; alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:0.9:140, ultrasonically vibrated at a frequency of 20 kHz for 30 minutes, allowed to stand for 60 minutes, filtered, and the filter residue is dried at 80°C to obtain treated PET long fibers; The PET long fiber has a diameter of 2 dtex and a length of 40 mm; The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; In the intermediate nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric used for the intermediate layer is 30 g / m². 2 The middle layer is made of PET fiber mesh with a basis weight of 15g / m². 2 ; The thickness of the intermediate nonwoven fabric is 0.6 mm; 3. Composite: The surface nonwoven fabric, the middle nonwoven fabric, and the surface nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 160℃, the pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 30s to obtain a high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, and long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric.

[0011] This embodiment also provides a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0012] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric, specifically as follows: 1. Preparation of surface nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.4 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.9 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 2.2 parts of nano silica are added to the No. 1 screw of the composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature is controlled at 260℃ to obtain melt-extruded polypropylene. By weight, 100 parts of polyamide, 2.4 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.9 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 2.2 parts of nano silica were added to the No. 2 screw of a composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature was controlled at 270℃ to obtain melt-extruded polyamide. Melt-extruded polypropylene and melt-extruded polyamide are metered separately by metering pumps to control the mass ratio of melt-extruded polypropylene to melt-extruded polyamide to be 7:3.1. Then they are extruded and spun together through a composite spinneret to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber with polyamide as the sheath material and polypropylene as the core material. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric is then formed by spunbonding. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric was completely immersed in the soaking solution, soaked at 55℃ for 35 minutes, squeezed dry at room temperature, dried at 85℃ for 2.5 minutes, dried at 145℃ for 4.5 minutes, washed with water 5 times, and dried at 80℃ to obtain the surface nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene resin is a homopolymer polypropylene resin with a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The polyamide is polyamide 6, with a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 52 g / m². 2 The thickness is 0.46mm; The soaking solution is prepared as follows: 1650g of methyltriethoxysilane, 290g of anhydrous ethanol, and 585g of deionized water are mixed and stirred under reflux at 200rpm for 15min at 80℃. Then, 190g of anhydrous ethanol and 195g of deionized water are added, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for another 21h to obtain polymethylsiloxane. 4.9g of lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride and 1800g of deionized water are mixed and ultrasonically vibrated at 25kHz for 35min. Then, 35g of nano-silica is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically vibrated at 25kHz for 35min. The mixture is then stirred at 1100rpm for 35min to obtain a silica dispersion. The polymethylsiloxane and silica dispersion are mixed and stirred at 1100rpm for 1.5h to obtain the soaking solution. In the preparation of the soaking solution, the particle size of the nano-silica is 20 nm; 2. Preparation of the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.3 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 1.9 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 2.9 parts of talc are added to a spinning machine for melt extrusion and spinning to form an intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric. The treated PET long fibers are opened and carded, then added to a web-laying machine for web-laying, and then added to a needle-punching machine for needle-punching to obtain an intermediate layer PET fiber web. The intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric, the intermediate layer PET fiber web, and the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 160℃, the pressure at 5.5MPa, and the time at 45s to obtain the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene is homopolymer polypropylene with a melt flow index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The talc powder has a particle size of 1 μm; The preparation method of the treated PET long fibers is as follows: PET long fibers are completely immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, boiled for 35 min, filtered, the filter residue is washed 5 times with water, and dried at 80℃ to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; nano silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 11:1.2:18:85, stirred and refluxed at 200 rpm for 7.5 h at 45℃, centrifuged at 11000 rpm for 12 min, the precipitate is collected, and dried at 80℃ to obtain coupling-treated silica; alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:0.9:150, ultrasonically vibrated at a frequency of 25 kHz for 35 min, allowed to stand for 80 min, filtered, the filter residue is collected, and dried at 80℃ to obtain treated PET long fibers; The PET long fiber has a diameter of 2 dtex and a length of 40 mm; The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; In the intermediate nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric used for the intermediate layer is 31 g / m². 2 The middle layer uses PET fiber mesh with a basis weight of 17g / m². 2 ; The thickness of the intermediate nonwoven fabric is 0.7 mm; 3. Composite: The surface nonwoven fabric, the middle nonwoven fabric, and the surface nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 160℃, the pressure is 5.2MPa, and the time is 35s to obtain a high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, and long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric.

[0013] This embodiment also provides a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0014] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric, specifically as follows: 1. Preparation of surface nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.5 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 2 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 2.3 parts of nano silica are added to the No. 1 screw of the composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature is controlled at 260℃ to obtain melt-extruded polypropylene. By weight, 100 parts of polyamide, 2.5 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 2 parts of antioxidant 1010 and 2.3 parts of nano silica were added to the No. 2 screw of the composite spinning machine for melt extrusion. The melt extrusion temperature was controlled at 270℃ to obtain melt-extruded polyamide. Melt-extruded polypropylene and melt-extruded polyamide are metered separately by metering pumps to control the mass ratio of melt-extruded polypropylene to melt-extruded polyamide at 7:3.2. Then they are extruded and spun together by a composite spinneret to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber with polyamide as the sheath material and polypropylene as the core material. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric is then formed by spunbonding. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric was completely immersed in the soaking solution, soaked at 60℃ for 40 minutes, squeezed dry at room temperature, dried at 85℃ for 3 minutes, dried at 150℃ for 5 minutes, washed with water 6 times, and dried at 85℃ to obtain the surface nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene resin is a homopolymer polypropylene resin with a melt index of 35 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The polyamide is polyamide 6, with a melt index of 30 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 53 g / m². 2 The thickness is 0.47mm; The soaking solution is prepared as follows: 1700g of methyltriethoxysilane, 300g of anhydrous ethanol, and 590g of deionized water are mixed and stirred under reflux at 300rpm for 20min at 82℃. Then, 200g of anhydrous ethanol and 200g of deionized water are added, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed for another 22h to obtain polymethylsiloxane. 5g of lauroyl arginine ethyl hydrochloride and 2000g of deionized water are mixed and ultrasonically vibrated at 30kHz for 40min. Then, 36g of nano-silica is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically vibrated at 30kHz for 40min. The mixture is then stirred at 1200rpm for 40min to obtain a silica dispersion. The polymethylsiloxane and silica dispersion are mixed and stirred at 1200rpm for 1.5h to obtain the soaking solution. In the preparation of the soaking solution, the particle size of the nano-silica is 20 nm; 2. Preparation of intermediate layer nonwoven fabric: By weight, 100 parts of polypropylene, 2.5 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer 944, 2 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 3 parts of talc are added to a spinning machine for melt extrusion and spinning to form an intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric. The treated PET long fibers are opened and combed, then added to a web-laying machine for web laying, and then added to a needle-punching machine for needle punching to obtain an intermediate layer PET fiber web. The intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric, the intermediate layer PET fiber web, and the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 165℃, the pressure at 5.5MPa, and the time at 50s to obtain the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric. The polypropylene is homopolymer polypropylene with a melt index of 35 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The talc powder has a particle size of 1 μm; The preparation method of the treated PET long fibers is as follows: PET long fibers are completely immersed in a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, boiled for 40 min, filtered, and the filter residue is washed 6 times with water and dried at 85℃ to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; nano silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 12:1.5:20:90, stirred and refluxed at 300 rpm at 50℃ for 8 h, centrifuged at 12000 rpm for 15 min, the precipitate is collected, and dried at 85℃ to obtain coupling-treated silica; alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and deionized water are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:1:160, ultrasonically vibrated at a frequency of 30 kHz for 40 min, allowed to stand for 90 min, filtered, and the filter residue is dried at 85℃ to obtain treated PET long fibers; The PET long fiber has a diameter of 2 dtex and a length of 40 mm; The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; In the intermediate nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric used for the intermediate layer is 32 g / m². 2 The middle layer is made of PET fiber mesh with a basis weight of 20g / m². 2 ; The thickness of the intermediate nonwoven fabric is 0.8 mm; 3. Composite: The surface nonwoven fabric, the middle nonwoven fabric, and the surface nonwoven fabric are stacked from top to bottom and then hot-pressed together. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 165℃, the pressure is 5.5MPa, and the time is 40s to obtain a high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, and long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric.

[0015] This embodiment also provides a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0016] Comparative Example 1 Based on the preparation method of the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric in Example 1, the preparation method of the soaking solution in the first step of preparing the surface nonwoven fabric is changed as follows: 1600g of methyltriethoxysilane, 280g of anhydrous ethanol and 580g of deionized water were mixed and stirred and refluxed at 100rpm at 80℃ for 10min. Then, 180g of anhydrous ethanol and 190g of deionized water were added and the mixture was stirred and refluxed for 20h to obtain the soaking solution. The remaining technical solutions are consistent with the embodiments.

[0017] Comparative Example 2 Based on the preparation method of high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric in Example 1, in the second step of preparing the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric, long fibers with a diameter of 2dtex and a length of 40mm are used to replace the treated PET long fibers. The remaining technical solutions are consistent with the embodiments.

[0018] Test Example 1 The transverse tensile strength, longitudinal tensile strength, transverse elongation at break, longitudinal elongation at break, and peel strength of the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested. The test results are as follows:

[0019] Test Example 2 The transverse tensile breaking strength of the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested. Then, they were placed in a UV aging chamber for UV aging. The temperature during UV aging was controlled at 40°C, the relative humidity at 70%, the UV wavelength at 340nm, and the irradiance at 0.5W / m². 2 After continuous irradiation for 500 hours, the transverse tensile breaking strength was tested, and the transverse tensile breaking strength retention rate was calculated. The calculation results are as follows:

[0020] Test Example 3 According to GB / T 21196-2007 standard, the abrasion resistance of the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested. The friction load was controlled at 795g, and the number of friction cycles until breakage was recorded. The results are as follows:

[0021] Test Example 4 The air permeability of the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the results are as follows:

[0022] Test Example 5 The peel strength of the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested. The fabrics were then left to stand for 100 hours at 45°C and 90% relative humidity, and dried at 80°C. The peel strength retention rate was then calculated, and the results are as follows:

[0023] The results of tests 1-5 show that, compared with the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared in Example 1, the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 has problems such as poor peel strength, poor weather resistance, poor abrasion resistance, low air permeability, and poor resistance to damp heat; the high-strength, antioxidant, and abrasion-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared in Comparative Example 2 has problems such as low tensile breaking strength, low elongation at break, low peel strength, poor weather resistance, and low air permeability.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric, characterized in that, include: Prepare the surface nonwoven fabric, prepare the middle nonwoven fabric, and then composite them; The preparation of the surface nonwoven fabric includes: preparing melt-extruded polypropylene, preparing melt-extruded polyamide, preparing composite spunbond nonwoven fabric, and soaking; The preparation of the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric involves metering melt-extruded polypropylene and melt-extruded polyamide separately using a metering pump, and then extruding and spinning them together through a composite spinneret assembly to obtain a core-sheath type composite fiber with polyamide as the sheath material and polypropylene as the core material. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric is then formed by the spunbonding method. The soaking process involves completely immersing the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric in the soaking solution at 50-60°C, rolling it dry at room temperature, drying it at 80-85°C for 2-3 minutes, drying it at 140-150°C for 4-5 minutes, washing it with water, and drying it at 80-85°C to obtain the surface nonwoven fabric. The soaking process involves preparing the soaking solution as follows: Methyltriethoxysilane, a first portion of anhydrous ethanol, and a first portion of deionized water are mixed and refluxed at 80-82°C. A second portion of anhydrous ethanol and a second portion of deionized water are then added, and the mixture is stirred and refluxed again to obtain polymethylsiloxane. Lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride and a third portion of deionized water are mixed, subjected to a first ultrasonic vibration, and then nano-silica is added. This is followed by a second ultrasonic vibration and stirring to obtain a silica dispersion. Finally, the polymethylsiloxane and silica dispersion are mixed and stirred to obtain the soaking solution. The preparation of the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric involves adding polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and talc to a spinning machine for melt extrusion and spinning, forming an intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric through spunbonding; opening and carding the treated PET long fibers, then adding them to a web-laying machine for web-laying, and then adding them to a needle-punching machine for needle-punching to obtain an intermediate layer PET fiber web; stacking the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric, the intermediate layer PET fiber web, and the intermediate layer spunbond nonwoven fabric from top to bottom, and then hot-pressing them together to obtain the intermediate layer nonwoven fabric; The method for preparing the treated PET long fibers is as follows: PET long fibers are completely immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, boiled, filtered, the filter residue is collected, washed with water, and dried at 80-85℃ to obtain alkali-treated PET long fibers; nano-silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and the first portion of deionized water are mixed, stirred and refluxed at 40-50℃, centrifuged, the precipitate is collected, and dried to obtain coupling-treated silica; the alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and the second portion of deionized water are mixed, ultrasonically vibrated, allowed to stand, filtered, the filter residue is collected, and dried to obtain the treated PET long fibers.

2. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of melt-extruded polypropylene involves adding polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica to the No. 1 screw of a composite spinning machine for melt extrusion to obtain melt-extruded polypropylene. In the preparation of melt-extruded polypropylene, the weight ratio of polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2-2.

3. The temperature of the melt extrusion is 255-260℃; The polypropylene resin is a homopolymer polypropylene resin with a melt index of 30-40 g / 10 min at 230℃ and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm.

3. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of melt-extruded polyamide involves adding polyamide, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica to the No. 2 screw of a composite spinning machine for melt extrusion to obtain melt-extruded polyamide. In the preparation of the melt-extruded polyamide, the weight ratio of polyamide, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and nano silica is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2-2.

3. The temperature of the melt extrusion is 265-270℃; The polyamide is polyamide 6, with a melt index of 28-32 g / 10 min at 230°C and 2.16 kg. The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm.

4. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the composite spunbond nonwoven fabric, the mass ratio of melt-extruded polypropylene to melt-extruded polyamide is 7:3-3.

2. The composite spunbond nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 50-53 g / m². 2 The thickness is 0.45-0.47mm.

5. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the soaking solution, the weight ratio of methyltriethoxysilane, the first part of anhydrous ethanol, the first part of deionized water, the second part of anhydrous ethanol, the second part of deionized water, lauroyl arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride, the third part of deionized water, and nano silica is 1600-1700:280-300:580-590:180-200:190-200:4.8-5:1700-2000:34-36; The particle size of the nano-silica is 20 nm; The frequency of the first ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30kHz, and the duration is 30-40min; The frequency of the second ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30 kHz, and the duration is 30-40 min.

6. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the intermediate nonwoven fabric, the weight ratio of polypropylene, hindered amine light stabilizer 944, antioxidant 1010, and talc is 100:2.2-2.5:1.8-2:2.8-3. The polypropylene is homopolymer polypropylene with a melt index of 30-40 g / 10 min at 230℃ and 2.16 kg. The talc powder has a particle size of 1 μm; In the hot-pressing composite process, the temperature is 160-165℃, the pressure is 5-5.5MPa, and the time is 40-50s. In the intermediate nonwoven layer, the basis weight of the spunbond nonwoven fabric used in the intermediate layer is 30-32 g / m². 2 The middle layer uses PET fiber mesh with a basis weight of 15-20 g / m². 2 ; The thickness of the intermediate nonwoven fabric is 0.6-0.8 mm.

7. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation of the treated PET long fibers, the mass ratio of nano silica, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, anhydrous ethanol, and the first portion of deionized water is 10-12:1-1.5:15-20:80-90. The mass ratio of alkali-treated PET long fibers, coupling-treated silica, and the second part of deionized water is 10:0.9-1:140-160. The frequency of the ultrasonic oscillation is 20-30kHz, and the duration is 30-40min; The PET long fiber has a diameter of 2 dtex and a length of 40 mm; The particle size of the nano-silica is 50 nm; The sodium hydroxide aqueous solution has a molar concentration of 5%.

8. The method for preparing the high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite process involves stacking the surface nonwoven fabric, the middle nonwoven fabric, and the surface nonwoven fabric from top to bottom, and then hot-pressing them together to obtain a high-strength, antioxidant, wear-resistant, and long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric. In the composite process, the hot-pressing temperature is 160-165℃, the pressure is 5-5.5MPa, and the time is 30-40s.

9. A high-strength, antioxidant, and wear-resistant long-lasting composite nonwoven fabric prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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