Electromagnetic strengthening method for improving elongation at break of copper alloy wire
By combining shaping pretreatment with electromagnetic shock treatment, the problem of grain coarsening in copper alloy wires under high temperature and high current conditions was solved, resulting in a significant improvement in the elongation at break and the stability of mechanical properties of copper alloy wires.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511466051.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot significantly improve the elongation at break of copper alloy conductors without affecting their ductility and strength. In particular, copper alloys are prone to grain coarsening under high temperature and high current conditions, which leads to a decline in mechanical properties.
A method combining shaping pretreatment and electromagnetic shock treatment is adopted. The copper alloy wire is modified by alternating electric field or alternating electromagnetic composite field, which drives the atomic movement of high-energy unstable micro-regions, realizes the regulation of internal stress state, and ensures the homogenization and stabilization of the microstructure of the copper alloy wire.
It significantly improves the elongation at break of copper alloy wire, ensures the safety and consistency of the processing, and is highly adaptable to different copper alloy materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN121295056A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal wires, and in particular to an electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wires. Background Technology
[0002] Copper alloy wires are widely used in power transmission, electrical equipment, communications, automotive electronics, home appliances, and aerospace due to their excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, making them ideal materials for current and signal transmission. However, during long-term operation, copper alloy wires are often subjected to high current, high voltage, frequent mechanical stress, and complex environmental factors, which can easily lead to fatigue, fracture, and other performance degradation phenomena, seriously affecting their service life and safety. This is especially true in high-voltage power systems, communication systems, and precision electrical equipment. Therefore, elongation at break has become a key indicator for measuring the reliability and durability of copper alloy wires.
[0003] Currently, significant progress has been made in the fabrication technology of copper alloy conductors. However, several technical challenges remain in the research and application of improving the elongation at break of copper alloy conductors. Firstly, while copper itself possesses good ductility, it is prone to grain coarsening under high-temperature and high-current conditions, leading to a decline in mechanical properties. Existing research largely focuses on optimizing the alloy composition, such as adding trace amounts of aluminum, nickel, and zinc, to improve the strength and corrosion resistance of copper alloys. However, while these methods enhance the strength of copper alloys, they often negatively impact the ductility and elongation at break, making it difficult to escape the dilemma of the "strength-ductility" trade-off.
[0004] Furthermore, while conventional manufacturing processes such as heat treatment and cold working can control wire properties, they can also affect the mechanical properties and ductility of the conductor to some extent. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative processing method that can effectively avoid damage during the forming and manufacturing process of copper alloys and improve the elongation at break of copper alloys. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to develop an innovative treatment method that can effectively avoid damage during the forming and manufacturing process of copper alloys and improve the elongation at break of copper alloys, this application provides an electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wires.
[0006] The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire includes the following steps: S1, taking a sample from the copper alloy wire to be treated, with a wire diameter D of 0.13 mm and a sampling length L of 50 ± 5 cm, and pre-treating the copper alloy wire component by segmented shaping or continuous mechanical shaping; S2, clamping the sampled copper alloy wire onto an electric pulse processing device, and applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a predetermined range compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the shaping pretreatment and electromagnetic shock treatment are organically combined so that the electromagnetic field energy is coupled with the micro-phase structure of the copper alloy wire in different stable states, driving the atomic movement of high-energy unstable micro-regions, thereby achieving the regulation of internal stress state, making the overall microstructure of the copper alloy wire more uniform and stable, and achieving the purpose of improving the elongation at break of the copper alloy wire. In this process, the copper alloy is not easily damaged.
[0008] Optionally, in step S1, when the positional deviation of the two ends and the center of the copper alloy wire in the direction perpendicular to the wire is less than 5D, the pretreatment of the copper alloy wire component is stopped.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, clear and quantifiable dimensional standards are set for the pretreatment process of copper alloy wire, which helps to reduce errors and lays the foundation for the uniform application of electromagnetic field energy and the consistency of the effect.
[0010] Optionally, in step S1, the roller pressure for segmented forming and the roller pressure for continuous mechanical forming are determined based on the diameter and drawing force of the copper alloy wire. The roller pressure value for segmented forming is... Roller pressure values for continuous mechanical forming .
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the roller pressure of segmented forming and the roller pressure of continuous mechanical forming are determined according to the diameter of the wire and the drawing force. The set roller pressure value can play the role of uniform stress of the component as a whole.
[0012] Optionally, in step S2, the pulsed current frequency is 50Hz, the peak current is 4A, the implementation step size is 0.02s, and the cycle is 70 times. The pulsed magnetic field frequency is 50Hz, and the magnetic field induction intensity is... Among them, excitation current In (0.9~1.1) Between, among them, 100A, L is the sampling length (effective excitation length).
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, it is ensured that the input pulse energy can be effectively coupled with the microscopic defects and unstable structure of the copper alloy, driving atomic movement and recombination, which is a key technical guarantee for achieving internal stress regulation and microstructure stabilization.
[0014] Optionally, in step S2, when applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, the modification process is performed multiple times until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a predetermined margin compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution and using a multi-stage modification process, the wire can dissipate heat during the pulse interval, effectively preventing the risk of overheating, grain coarsening, or melting caused by continuous power supply, ensuring the safety and controllability of the processing, and facilitating the gradual and uniform adjustment of the microstructure.
[0016] Optionally, in step S2, when applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, the modification process is performed multiple times until the change in the measured resistance / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance / elongation at break before modification reaches a preset range. Specifically, this includes: S21, applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire and measuring the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire; S22, when the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire increases to 150 degrees Celsius, pausing the modification process and measuring the resistance / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire; S23, determining that the current resistance / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire has decreased compared to the original resistance / elongation at break before modification. S24. If the increase in resistance value of the copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches the preset range, or if the increase in elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches the preset range, the modification process is stopped. S25. If the change in the current resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification does not decrease to the preset range, the steps of applying alternating electric field and alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire and measuring the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire continue until the current resistance value of the copper alloy wire decreases to the preset range or the current elongation at break of the copper alloy wire increases to the preset range.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a standardized control process with temperature (150℃) as the intermediate control point and final performance as the termination judgment was constructed, which enhanced the stability and reliability of the entire process and helped to ensure the consistency of copper alloy wire processing.
[0018] Optionally, in step S23, the resistance value decreases by a preset amount of 1% to 3% of the original resistance value, and the elongation at break increases by a preset amount of 50% to 80% of the original elongation at break.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the improvement effect of the core performance of this application was clearly defined by data, and a precise quantitative judgment standard was set for process termination.
[0020] Optionally, in step S2, applying an alternating electric field means introducing electromagnetic impact energy for the first time with a pulsed current; applying an alternating electromagnetic field means introducing electromagnetic impact energy for the first time with both a pulsed current and a pulsed magnetic field.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, two modes of electromagnetic field application, which can be performed individually or in combination, are clarified. The most effective energy application method can be selected according to the characteristics of different copper alloy materials, which is highly adaptable.
[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The shaping pretreatment and electromagnetic shock treatment are organically combined to enable the electromagnetic field energy to couple with the micro-phase structure of copper alloy wire in different stable states, drive the atomic movement of high-energy unstable micro-regions, so as to achieve the regulation of internal stress state, make the overall microstructure of the wire uniform and stable, and achieve the purpose of improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire.
[0023] 2. A standardized control process was established with temperature (150℃) as the intermediate control point and final performance as the termination judgment, which enhanced the stability and reliability of the entire process and helped ensure the consistency of copper alloy wire processing.
[0024] 3. It clarifies two modes in which electromagnetic fields can be applied individually or in combination, allowing for the selection of the most effective energy application method based on the characteristics of different copper alloy materials, thus demonstrating strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall steps of an embodiment of this application.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of step S2 in the embodiments of this application.
[0027] Figure 3 The results are the elongation at break test results of the copper alloy wire before strengthening in the embodiments of this application.
[0028] Figure 4 The results are the elongation at break test results of the copper alloy wire after reinforcement in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.
[0030] This application discloses an electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wires. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire includes the following specific steps: Step S1: Take a sample from the copper alloy wire to be processed. The wire diameter D is 0.13 mm and the sampling length L is 50 ± 5 cm. Pre-process the copper alloy wire component by segmented shaping or mechanical continuous shaping.
[0031] In step S1, when the positional deviation of the two ends and the center of the copper alloy wire in the direction perpendicular to the wire is less than 5D, the pretreatment of the copper alloy wire component is stopped.
[0032] Furthermore, in step S1, the roller pressure for segmented forming and the roller pressure for continuous mechanical forming are determined based on the diameter and drawing force of the copper alloy wire. The roller pressure values for segmented forming are... Roller pressure values for continuous mechanical forming , The pulling force for the sampling length. The main influencing factors include wire material and drawing rate.
[0033] Step S2: After sampling, the copper alloy wire is clamped onto the electrical pulse processing equipment, and an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field is applied to modify the copper alloy wire until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a preset range compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
[0034] In step S2, the pulsed current frequency is 50Hz, the peak current is 4A, the implementation step size is 0.02s, and the cycle is 70 times. The pulsed magnetic field frequency is 50Hz, and the magnetic field induction intensity is... Among them, excitation current In (0.9~1.1) Between, among them, 100A, L is the sampling length (effective excitation length).
[0035] Furthermore, in step S2, when applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, the modification process is performed multiple times until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a predetermined margin compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 Step S2 specifically includes: Step S21: Apply an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire and measure the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire.
[0037] Step S22: When the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire increases to 150 degrees Celsius, pause the modification process and measure the resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire.
[0038] Step S23: Determine whether the decrease in the current resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification has decreased or increased to a preset level. Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the resistance value decreases by a preset range of 1% to 3% of the original resistance value, and the elongation at break increases by a preset range of 50% to 140% of the original elongation at break.
[0039] When the increase in the resistance value of the copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches a preset level, or the increase in the elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches a preset level, step S24 is executed. If the change in the current resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification does not decrease to the preset range, proceed to step S25.
[0040] Step S24: Stop the modification process.
[0041] Step S25: Continue to apply alternating electric field and alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, and repeatedly measure the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire, measure the resistance value and elongation at break of the copper alloy wire, until the current resistance value of the copper alloy wire decreases by a preset amount compared to before modification, or the current elongation at break of the copper alloy wire increases by a preset amount compared to before modification, then return to step S21. If the current resistance value of the copper alloy wire does not decrease by a preset amount compared to before modification, or the current elongation at break of the copper alloy wire does not increase by a preset amount compared to before modification, then execute step S25.
[0042] The implementation principle of the electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The copper alloy wire is pretreated by segmented forming or continuous mechanical forming to adjust its straightness during the forming and manufacturing process, thus preparing it for subsequent electromagnetic impact treatment modification. Simultaneously, the roller pressure used in segmented forming and continuous mechanical forming is determined based on the wire diameter and drawing force; the set roller pressure value can achieve overall stress homogenization of the component. Based on this pretreatment, an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field is directly applied to the copper alloy wire for modification. The electromagnetic pulse energy parameters generated by the alternating electric field or alternating electromagnetic composite field are controlled to drive the movement of atoms in high-energy unstable micro-regions, thereby achieving internal stress state regulation and homogenizing and stabilizing the overall microstructure of the wire.
[0043] Combining shaping pretreatment with electromagnetic shock treatment maximizes the modification effect of electromagnetic shock, achieving stress adjustment within micro-regions and improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wires. Simultaneously, the energy parameters of pulse current and magnetic induction intensity are selected based on material characteristics, representing the optimal process parameter range chosen according to the physical properties of different materials, making it applicable to the modification treatment of various types of copper alloy wires.
[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, taking a sample from the copper alloy wire to be processed, with a wire diameter D of 0.13 mm and a sampling length L of 50 ± 5 cm, and pre-processing the copper alloy wire component by segmented shaping or mechanical continuous shaping. S2, after sampling, the copper alloy wire is clamped onto the electrical pulse processing equipment, and an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field is applied to modify the copper alloy wire until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a preset range compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
2. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when the positional deviation of the two ends and the center of the copper alloy wire in the direction perpendicular to the wire is less than 5D, the pretreatment of the copper alloy wire component is stopped.
3. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the roller pressure for segmented forming and the roller pressure for continuous mechanical forming are determined based on the diameter and drawing force of the copper alloy wire. The roller pressure values for segmented forming are... Roller pressure values for continuous mechanical forming .
4. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the pulsed current frequency is 50Hz, the peak current is 4A, the implementation step size is 0.02s, and the cycle is 70 times. The pulsed magnetic field frequency is 50Hz, and the magnetic field induction intensity is... Among them, excitation current In (0.9~1.1) Between, among them, 100A, L is the sampling length (effective excitation length).
5. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In step S2, when applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, the modification process is performed multiple times until the measured resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a predetermined margin compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification.
6. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, when applying an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, the modification process is performed multiple times until the measured resistance / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire changes by a predetermined margin compared to the original resistance / elongation at break. Specifically, this includes the following steps: S21, apply an alternating electric field or an alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire, and measure the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire. S22, when the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire increases to 150 degrees Celsius, the modification treatment is paused, and the resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire is measured. S23, determine whether the decrease in the current resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification has decreased or increased to the preset range. S24. When the increase in resistance of copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches a preset level, or the increase in elongation at break of copper alloy wire compared to before modification reaches a preset level, the modification process is stopped. S25, when the change in the current resistance value / elongation at break of the copper alloy wire compared to the original resistance value / elongation at break before modification has not decreased to the preset range, continue to perform the steps of applying alternating electric field and alternating electromagnetic composite field to modify the copper alloy wire and measuring the surface temperature of the copper alloy wire, until the current resistance value of the copper alloy wire decreases to the preset range compared to before modification, or the current elongation at break of the copper alloy wire increases to the preset range compared to before modification.
7. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S23, the resistance value decreases by a preset amount of 1% to 3% of the original resistance value, and the elongation at break increases by a preset amount of 50% to 140% of the original elongation at break.
8. The electromagnetic strengthening method for improving the elongation at break of copper alloy wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, applying an alternating electric field means introducing electromagnetic impact energy for the first time with a pulsed current; applying an alternating electromagnetic field means introducing electromagnetic impact energy for the first time with both a pulsed current and a pulsed magnetic field.