Self-adaptive heat preservation and insulation system suitable for outer wall of old community

Abstract

The self-adaptive heat preservation and insulation system comprises rod-shaped pieces fixed to the outer side of the outer wall, the space between every two adjacent rod-shaped pieces is filled with a foaming filling layer, heat insulation plates and filling strips are installed on the outer sides of the rod-shaped pieces, and a strip-shaped seam is formed between every two adjacent heat insulation plates; the protective layer is positioned on the outer sides of the thermal insulation plate and the filling strips; the filling strip comprises a framework, a deformation sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the framework, and the deformation sleeve is made of reversible thermotropic deformation materials. The heat-insulating plate has the beneficial effects that when the environment temperature is high, the strip-shaped seams between the adjacent heat-insulating plates can be enlarged by utilizing shrinkage of the deformation sleeves, so that auxiliary heat dissipation is facilitated; when the temperature is low, the overall size of the deformation sleeve is large, the gap of a strip-shaped seam between the deformation sleeve and the thermal insulation plate can be reduced, the sealing effect is achieved, the better thermal insulation effect is achieved, and self-adaptive adjustment of the structure and the temperature is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of exterior wall construction, and more specifically to an adaptive thermal insulation system suitable for exterior walls of old residential communities. Background Technology

[0002] In the renovation of old residential areas, the external wall insulation layer fundamentally improves the thermal insulation performance of buildings and effectively reduces the energy costs of residents. By adding high-performance insulation materials to the building envelope, it significantly improves its thermal performance, thereby directly achieving the dual goals of building energy conservation and consumption reduction and stable indoor thermal environment.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 108999302A discloses a thermal insulation structure for building exterior walls, including expanded perlite and a thermal insulation ceramic coating layer. The expanded perlite is slidably connected to a locking component, and the locking component is slidably connected to a horizontally arranged silica aerogel insulation felt. An ESP board is located at the bottom of the silica aerogel insulation felt, an asbestos board is located at the bottom of the ESP board, and a PET board is located at the bottom of the asbestos board. In this invention, the expanded perlite, thermal insulation ceramic coating layer, silica aerogel insulation felt, ESP board, asbestos board, and PET board are arranged in a way that... The thermal insulation approach for the exterior walls of the aforementioned buildings is unidirectional insulation. In use, it relies solely on the thermal insulation panels in the static structure to achieve thermal insulation. Due to the large temperature difference between the four seasons, it relies solely on the low thermal conductivity of the materials to delay the transfer of temperature and cannot adaptively adjust according to temperature differences. Especially when the climate is more complex, it cannot respond to the fluctuations in the heat load inside the building.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an adaptive thermal insulation system for the exterior walls of old residential buildings that breaks through the static insulation mindset and can adapt to temperature changes, in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive thermal insulation system suitable for the exterior walls of old residential communities, so as to solve the problems of unidirectional thermal insulation and inability to adaptively adjust according to changes in ambient temperature in the prior art.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: The present invention provides an adaptive thermal insulation system for the exterior walls of old residential communities, comprising rod-shaped members fixed to the outside of the exterior wall, the rod-shaped members being distributed in a grid pattern, a foam filling layer being filled between adjacent rod-shaped members, thermal insulation boards and filling strips being installed on the outside of the rod-shaped members, a strip-shaped seam being provided between two adjacent thermal insulation boards, the filling strip being located within the strip-shaped seam, and a protective layer located outside the thermal insulation boards and the filling strips; The filler strip includes a skeleton, and a deformable sleeve is provided on the outside of the skeleton. The deformable sleeve is a reversible thermo-deformable material, and the material has a thermal hysteresis loop between 40°C and 25°C.

[0007] In some embodiments, the insulation plate is rectangular or regular hexagonal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the rod-like members are distributed in a grid pattern or with interlaced horizontal lines to assist in fixing the filler strip and the insulation plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the insulation board is provided with a glass wool layer, a foam layer, and a barbed surface layer from the inside out, and the glass wool layer, foam layer, and barbed surface layer are integrally formed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the skeleton includes a panel with a plurality of connecting ribs extending toward the inside of the strip-shaped slit on the inner side of the panel, and the deformable sleeve is formed and disposed on the outside of the connecting ribs.

[0011] In some embodiments, an inner lining plate is also provided on the inner side of the connecting rib, and both the panel and the inner lining plate are herringbone shaped.

[0012] In some embodiments, the width of the panel and / or the lining is greater than or equal to the width of the strip.

[0013] In some embodiments, the deformable sleeve includes a porous flexible layer located outside the connecting rib, and a thermally responsive material layer disposed outside the porous flexible layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thermally responsive material layer is made of a thermosensitive hydrogel having a minimum critical solution temperature (LCST) of 32°C-38°C. The thermally responsive material layer is configured as follows: Active contraction occurs when the temperature is higher than the LCST. It actively absorbs water, expands, and resets when the temperature is below the LCST.

[0015] Positive and beneficial effects: By utilizing the characteristic of the deformable sleeve changing with temperature, it can automatically deform at a specific temperature to achieve intelligent opening and closing; When the ambient temperature is high, the shrinkage of the deformable sleeve can enlarge the strip gap between adjacent insulation boards, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. At lower temperatures, the overall volume of the deformable sleeve is larger, which can reduce the gap between it and the insulation board, thus playing a sealing role, achieving better insulation effect, and realizing adaptive adjustment of structure and temperature. Furthermore, the filler strip, rod-shaped component, insulation board, and protective layer form an integral structure, which is simple in structure; With the advancement of materials science, this structure is adapted to new deformation sleeve materials with better performance and lower cost, ensuring its continued leading position in technological advancement and economic competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Left view of the installation structure of the filler strip and insulation board in this invention; Figure 3 This is a left view of the installation structure of the filler strip and the insulation board in the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the insulation board structure; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the central skeleton; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the central skeleton; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the location and structure of the thermally responsive material layer; The diagram shows: rod-shaped component 1, foamed filling layer 101, filling strip 2, skeleton 201, panel 201a, connecting rib 201b, inner lining board 201c, deformable sleeve 202, porous flexible layer 202a, thermally responsive material layer 202b, insulation board 3, glass wool layer 301, foam layer 302, waterproof layer 303, and protective layer 4. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] First embodiment: See Figures 1-7 As shown, the adaptive thermal insulation system for the exterior walls of old residential communities provided by the present invention includes multiple rod-shaped members 1 fixed to the outside of the exterior wall. The rod-shaped members 1 can be fixed by Φ4.8mm or Φ5.5mm dovetail nails. Before fixing the rod-shaped members 1, the exterior wall surface of the community needs to be pre-treated. The pre-treatment includes removing the peeling and hollow base layer, repairing and filling holes and depressions, leveling and reinforcing the exterior wall, etc. At the same time, the exterior wall can be roughened as needed. After the pre-treatment is completed, the rod-shaped members 1 are fixed. The rod-shaped members 1 are distributed in a grid pattern. Specifically, the rod-shaped members 1 are distributed in a grid pattern or with intermittent horizontal lines to assist in fixing the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3. The fixing position of the rod-shaped members 1 can be determined according to the installation position of the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3. Furthermore, a foam filling layer 101 is filled between adjacent rod-shaped members 1. A foam filling layer 101 with a certain degree of adhesion can be used. A heat insulation plate 3 and a filling strip 2 are installed on the outside of the rod-shaped member 1. A strip-shaped seam is provided between two adjacent heat insulation plates 3. The filling strip 2 is located in the strip-shaped seam. A protective layer 4 is also included on the outside of the heat insulation plate 3 and the filling strip 2. Before filling the foam filling layer 101, the filler strip 2 can be installed on the rod-shaped member 1. The foam filling layer 101 can be filled at the same time, and the insulation board 3 can be pre-fixed by the adhesiveness of the foam filling layer 101. The insulation board 3 and the rod-shaped member 1 can be fastened by bolts, nails and other fasteners. The protective layer 4 can be installed to complete the installation of the device. The protective layer 4 can be a waterproof layer, fireproof layer, decorative layer or other protective layer, and there are no restrictions.

[0019] The filler strip 2 includes a skeleton 201, and a deformable sleeve 202 is provided on the outside of the skeleton 201. The skeleton 201 is mainly used to assist in supporting the deformable sleeve 202. When the deformable sleeve 202 is installed, it is in a clearance fit with the strip-shaped seam. The deformable sleeve 202 is a reversible thermo-deformable material. The material has a thermal hysteresis loop between 40°C and 25°C. That is to say, the material starts from 40°C and the deformation temperature of the material drops from 40°C to 25°C. That is, 40°C is a high temperature stable state and 25°C is a low temperature stable state. When the material drops from a high temperature to a low temperature, there will be an expansion phase transition temperature. When it rises from a low temperature to a high temperature, there will be a contraction phase transition temperature. The width of its thermal hysteresis loop is about 15°C.

[0020] Specifically, during the cooling process, the reversible thermo-deformable material gradually expands from a contracted state at temperatures below or equal to 40°C, and during the heating process, it begins to shift from an expanded state to a contracted state at temperatures above or equal to 25°C.

[0021] The two temperature points of 40℃ and 25℃ define the boundaries between the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side. Furthermore, the material exhibits a thermal hysteresis loop between 40℃ and 30℃.

[0022] Because the installation of materials is limited by their volume, it is advisable to choose a temperature between 28℃ and 33℃ for installation. At low temperatures, the material will expand, making it difficult to determine the gap between the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3. When the installation is carried out at a temperature between 28℃ and 33℃, the installation of the filler strip 2 can be guaranteed, ensuring a gap of about 2mm between the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3. In the structure of the filler strip 2, the skeleton 201 serves as a support frame, and the deformable sleeve 202 serves as an adaptive seal.

[0023] Furthermore, the insulation board 3 is rectangular or hexagonal. When the insulation board 3 is rectangular, the long and short sides of two adjacent insulation boards 3 form strip-shaped seams for the installation of the auxiliary filling strip 2. Furthermore, the insulation board 3 is square, so the lengths of the two strip-shaped seams are the same, and the filling strip 2 only needs one length to meet the installation requirements, which is more precise. In addition, since the insulation board 3 is a regular hexagon, a strip-shaped seam is formed between two adjacent insulation boards 3 for installing the auxiliary filling strip 2. Please refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual for details. Figure 2 , Figure 3 .

[0024] The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: The insulation board 3 consists of a glass wool layer 301, a foam layer 302, and a waterproof layer 303, arranged sequentially from the inside out. The glass wool layer 301, foam layer 302, and waterproof layer 303 are integrally formed. The glass wool layer 301 has better fire resistance and higher strength, providing support for the insulation board 3 and giving it a better support effect. The foam layer 302 has better flexibility than the glass wool layer 301. Since the sidewall of the insulation board 3 is mainly adapted to the deformable sleeve 202 in the filler strip 2, the overall volume of the deformable sleeve 202 will increase when the temperature is low. The flexibility of the foam layer 302 can better match the larger deformable sleeve 202, thereby providing a better sealing effect for the house and improving the house's thermal insulation effect.

[0025] The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: In structure 2, the skeleton 201 includes a panel 201a, which extends along the length of the strip-shaped seam. The inner side of the panel 201a is provided with multiple connecting ribs 201b extending toward the inner side of the strip-shaped seam. The multiple connecting ribs 201b form a support structure for the deformable sleeve 202, which is formed on the outer side of the connecting ribs 201b.

[0026] Preferably, the panel 201a is fitted with the strip joint with a gap. During installation, the connecting rib 201b and the rod 1 need to be fixed. The insulation board 3 is then installed between multiple deformable sleeves 202. The panel 201a and the insulation board 3 can be fitted with a gap. After the positions of the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3 are fixed, since the panel 201a is always in a fixed state, the joint between the panel 201a and the insulation board 3 can be reinforced with a mesh cloth. The mesh cloth can be fixed with a protective layer 4 or a plaster surface.

[0027] Furthermore, an inner lining plate 201c is provided on the inner side of the connecting rib 201b. Both the panel 201a and the inner lining plate 201c are herringbone shaped. Since the foam filling layer 101 is an expanding material, the herringbone shaped inner lining plate 201c can better contact the foam filling layer 101. In different embodiments, the width of the panel 201a and / or the inner lining plate 201c is greater than or equal to the width of the strip seam. Since the panel 201a is herringbone shaped and the width of the panel 201a is greater than the width of the strip seam, the position of the upper end of the panel 201a being wider than the strip seam is used to assist in pressing and limiting the insulation plate 3, thereby achieving pre-fixation of the insulation plate 3. The insulation plate 3 is then fixed with bolts. Furthermore, a strip-shaped protrusion is provided on the surface of the inner lining plate 201c away from the rod-shaped member 1. This protrusion is used to limit the position of the insulation plate 3 and assist in the positioning of the insulation plate 3.

[0028] The deformable sleeve 202 includes a porous flexible layer 202a located outside the connecting rib 201b, and a thermally responsive material layer 202b disposed outside the porous flexible layer 202a. In the structure of the deformable sleeve 202, the porous flexible layer 202a is able to undergo elastic deformation, and the thermally responsive material layer 202b on the outside deforms and pulls the porous flexible layer 202a, thereby changing the overall external dimensions of the deformable sleeve 202. This allows for the deformation of the deformable sleeve 202 in a more economical way. Furthermore, the thermally responsive material layer 202b is disposed on the outside of the panel 201a in a bundle structure and is connected by adhesive.

[0029] Furthermore, the thermally responsive material layer 202b is a metallic or colloidal material. Specifically, the thermally responsive material layer 202b is made of a thermosensitive hydrogel with a lowest critical solution temperature (LCST). A protective coating is provided on the outside of this material. The LCST of the thermosensitive hydrogel is 32℃-38℃. The coating is a flexible sealing film that can retain moisture while protecting the thermally responsive material layer 202b. Specifically, it can be a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), silicone, or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. The thermally responsive material layer is configured as follows: Active contraction occurs when the temperature is above LCST; It actively absorbs water, expands, and resets when the temperature is below LCST.

[0030] In other words, the thermosensitive hydrogel material forms a relatively closed environment inside the encapsulation membrane, which can effectively prevent the evaporation and loss of water molecules inside the thermosensitive hydrogel material, ensuring its long-term stability and reversibility in thermodynamic cycles, and fundamentally overcoming the situation that pure hydrogels are prone to drying and failure in the air. In addition, the flexible sealing membrane, as a flexible constraint boundary, can guide and transform the disordered, isotropic volume expansion of the thermosensitive hydrogel material into directional, controllable mechanical deformation.

[0031] Specifically, a 5 wt% N-isopropylacrylamide aqueous solution was prepared, and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) at 1.0% of the NIPAM monomer mass was added to the solution as a crosslinking agent. The polymerization reaction was initiated by a 60°C water bath to obtain poly-N-isopropylacrylamide hydrogel.

[0032] The obtained hydrogel was placed in deionized water at 25°C to allow it to reach swelling equilibrium. The equilibrium swelling ratio, measured by gravimetric method, reached 1200%. Subsequently, the ambient temperature was raised to 40°C, causing the hydrogel to dehydrate and shrink, with its equilibrium swelling ratio decreasing to approximately 250%. Its volume shrinkage rate was approximately 80%, exhibiting significant thermal response characteristics, making it perfectly suitable for the thermally responsive material layer of this invention.

[0033] When the thickness of the thermosensitive hydrogel material is 5mm, at 25℃, the thermosensitive hydrogel material in the thermal response material layer 202b fully swells and generates an outward thrust. The thrust overcomes the initial gap, and the gap size is 0mm, that is, a completely closed state. At 30℃, the installation reference state is relatively stable. The size of the gap between the thermal response material layer 202b and the insulation board 3 is a pre-set reference of 2mm. At 35°C, the thermally responsive material layer 202b shrinks, generating an inward pulling force. As a result, the gap between the thermally responsive material layer 202b and the insulation board 3 increases slightly, and the gap spacing is 3.3 mm. When the thickness of the thermosensitive hydrogel material is 12 mm, at 25 °C, the thermosensitive hydrogel material in the thermal response material layer 202b fully swells and generates an outward thrust. The thrust overcomes the initial gap, and the gap size is 0.6 mm, which is approximately closed. At 30℃, the installation reference state is relatively stable. The size of the gap between the thermal response material layer 202b and the insulation board 3 is a pre-set reference of 3mm. At 35°C, the thermally responsive material layer 202b shrinks, generating an inward pulling force. As a result, the gap between the thermally responsive material layer 202b and the insulation board 3 becomes significantly larger, with a gap spacing of 4.9 mm. In summary, at 25℃, the temperature is much lower than LCST. At this temperature, the thermosensitive hydrogel is in a fully swollen state and has the largest volume. It exerts outward pressure, thereby completely closing the gap left during installation. At this time, the space between the filler strip 2 and the insulation board 3 is complete and sealed.

[0034] At 30℃, which is the installation temperature, but still below LCST, the material is in the design baseline state. Since a gap of about 2mm was reserved during installation, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel material has a certain amount of pre-compression and can reserve space for shrinkage due to temperature rise. At 35℃, the material has passed the phase transition point and undergoes active shrinkage, resulting in a significant reduction in volume. This generates an inward pulling force, causing the deformable sleeve 202 to deform at the pre-set weakened part, thereby expanding the gap and enhancing the heat dissipation function. As the temperature continues to increase, the gap will gradually increase, providing a channel for air circulation inside and outside the cavity and achieving autonomous heat dissipation.

[0035] A thermosensitive hydrogel was encapsulated within a decorative panel unit with a pre-set weakened section, forming a complete thermally responsive component. At room temperature (25°C), the component surface was smooth and seamless. When placed in a simulated summer high-temperature environment of 40°C, as the component temperature rose to approximately 35°C, the internal hydrogel layer contracted, successfully driving the decorative panel to deform at the weakened section, forming a heat dissipation gap approximately 1 mm wide. This embodiment verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the invention in the final product.

[0036] This allows the entire device to function without external power, utilizing material structure to form stable and reliable adaptive modules; Those skilled in the art will understand that materials capable of "shrinking above the LCST and expanding below the LCST" are not the only ones. With advancements in materials science, other polymers or composites with lower costs, faster response times, or longer lifespans may emerge.

[0037] The structure of the thermosensitive hydrogel encapsulated in the present invention is a general solution for this type of material.

[0038] Therefore, as long as a material with "reversible thermo-deformation" properties is wrapped in a sealing film to form a functional unit and used for the claimed heat dissipation purpose, it can be adapted to the construction of buildings.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential communities, comprising rod-shaped members (1) fixed to the outside of the exterior wall, characterized in that: The rod-shaped members (1) are distributed in a grid pattern, and a foamed filling layer (101) is filled between adjacent rod-shaped members (1). A heat insulation board (3) and a filling strip (2) are installed on the outside of the rod-shaped members (1). A strip-shaped seam is provided between two adjacent heat insulation boards (3). The filling strip (2) is located in the strip-shaped seam. A protective layer (4) is also provided on the outside of the heat insulation board (3) and the filling strip (2). The filler strip (2) includes a skeleton (201), and a deformable sleeve (202) is provided on the outside of the skeleton (201). The deformable sleeve (202) is a reversible thermo-deformable material, and the material has a thermal hysteresis loop between 40°C and 25°C.

2. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential communities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation board (3) is rectangular or regular hexagonal.

3. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod-shaped members (1) are distributed in a grid pattern or with intermittent horizontal lines to assist in fixing the filling strip (2) and the insulation plate (3).

4. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation board (3) is provided with a glass wool layer (301), a foam layer (302), and a thorned surface layer (303) from the inside to the outside. The glass wool layer (301), the foam layer (302), and the thorned surface layer (303) are integrally formed.

5. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (201) includes a panel (201a), and the inner side of the panel (201a) is provided with a plurality of connecting ribs (201b) extending toward the inner side of the strip-shaped seam. The deformable sleeve (202) is formed and disposed on the outer side of the connecting ribs (201b).

6. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side of the connecting rib (201b) is also provided with an inner lining plate (201c), and both the panel (201a) and the inner lining plate (201c) are in the shape of a fishbone.

7. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the panel (201a) and / or the lining panel (201c) is greater than or equal to the width of the strip.

8. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The deformable sleeve (202) includes a porous flexible layer (202a) located outside the connecting rib (201b) and a thermally responsive material layer (202b) disposed outside the porous flexible layer (202a).

9. The adaptive thermal insulation system for exterior walls of old residential areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thermally responsive material layer (202b) is made of a thermosensitive hydrogel with a minimum critical dissolution temperature (LCST) of 32°C-38°C. The thermally responsive material layer is configured as follows: Active contraction occurs when the temperature is higher than the LCST. It actively absorbs water, expands, and resets when the temperature is below the LCST.

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