Sliding bearing, wind power main gear box and wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and discloses a sliding bearing, a wind power main gear box and a wind turbine generator. The sliding bearing includes a sliding layer. The sliding layer is deposited on the surface of the first member. When the first component and the second component rotate relatively, a lubricating oil layer is formed between the sliding layer and the second component, and the lubricating oil layer serves as a lubricating film with certain bearing capacity and can separate the sliding layer from the solid surface of the second component, so that dry friction is converted into liquid friction among molecules in the lubricating oil layer; the friction coefficient between the sliding layer and the second component is remarkably reduced, and therefore abrasion between the sliding layer and the second component is reduced. The sliding bearing has the advantages of being small in size, light in weight and good in economical efficiency. The sliding layer is made of the wear-resistant material and is deposited on the first component, so that the sliding layer forms a high-hardness and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the first component, and the service life of the sliding bearing can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a sliding bearing, a wind turbine main gearbox, and a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power, as a renewable energy source, can be used to generate electricity. Compared to thermal power, solar power, or hydropower, it has advantages such as lower construction costs, smaller footprint, and easier maintenance. The gearbox is a key component of a wind turbine, and its reliability directly affects the operating efficiency of the entire wind power system.

[0003] Traditional wind turbine gearboxes generally use rolling bearings. However, as the capacity of the unit increases, if rolling bearings are still used, the radial dimension of the bearing will be too large, which will lead to an increased failure rate such as fatigue shedding and wear of the inner and outer rings, raceways and balls. In addition, the processing cost of large-size rolling bearings also increases significantly with the increase in size, resulting in poor economic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sliding bearing, a wind turbine main gearbox, and a wind turbine generator set. The sliding bearing is small in size, which can reduce the size and volume of the main gearbox, while also having low processing costs and good economic efficiency.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a sliding bearing is provided for use between a first component and a second component that are rotatable relative to each other. The sliding bearing includes a sliding layer made of a wear-resistant material, the sliding layer being deposited on the surface of the first component, and a lubricating oil layer being formed between the sliding layer and the second component when the first component and the second component rotate relative to each other.

[0007] As an alternative to the sliding bearing, the sliding bearing further includes a wear-resistant layer located on the sliding layer, and the lubricating oil layer is disposed between the wear-resistant layer and the second component;

[0008] Alternatively, the wear-resistant layer is disposed on the second component, and the lubricating oil layer is located between the sliding layer and the wear-resistant layer.

[0009] As an alternative to sliding bearings, the wear-resistant layer is made of wear-resistant material.

[0010] As an alternative to sliding bearings, the wear-resistant layer is deposited on the sliding layer;

[0011] Alternatively, the wear-resistant layer may be deposited on the second component.

[0012] As an alternative to sliding bearings, the sliding layer is a laser cladding layer, a thermal spray coating, an electroplating layer, or a physical vapor deposition layer.

[0013] As an optional solution for sliding bearings, the wear-resistant material is a polymer material, a fiber material, a copper alloy, or a Babbitt alloy.

[0014] Secondly, a wind turbine main gearbox is provided, including the aforementioned sliding bearing.

[0015] As an optional solution for the main gearbox of a wind turbine, one of the gearbox body and the planetary carrier is the first component, and the other is the second component;

[0016] And / or, one of the planetary gears and the planetary shaft is the first component, and the other is the second component;

[0017] And / or, one of the planetary gears and the planet carrier is the first component, and the other is the second component;

[0018] And / or, one of the housing and the rotating shaft is the first component, and the other is the second component.

[0019] As an optional solution for the main gearbox of a wind turbine, the sliding bearing includes:

[0020] A radial sliding bearing, wherein the sliding layer of the radial sliding bearing extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation;

[0021] An axial sliding bearing, wherein the sliding layer of the axial sliding bearing extends perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.

[0022] Thirdly, a wind turbine generator set is provided, including the aforementioned wind turbine main gearbox.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention provides a sliding bearing, a wind turbine main gearbox, and a wind turbine generator set. The sliding bearing is used between a first component and a second component that can rotate relative to each other. The sliding bearing includes a sliding layer deposited on the surface of the first component. When the first and second components rotate relative to each other, a lubricating oil layer is formed between the sliding layer and the second component. This lubricating oil layer, acting as a lubricating film with a certain load-bearing capacity, separates the solid surfaces of the sliding layer and the second component, converting dry friction into liquid friction between molecules within the lubricating oil layer. This significantly reduces the coefficient of friction between the sliding layer and the second component, thereby reducing wear between them. Compared to existing sliding bearings, this sliding bearing has the advantages of small size and lightweight, without increasing the volume of the components; it is also lower in cost, offering good economic efficiency. Furthermore, the sliding layer is made of a wear-resistant material and deposited on the first component, forming a high-hardness and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the first component, thereby extending the service life of the sliding bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the wind turbine main gearbox provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the wind turbine main gearbox provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the wind turbine main gearbox provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 100. Wind turbine main gearbox; 101. Gearbox housing; 102. Planetary shaft; 103. Planetary gears; 104. Planetary carrier; 105. Shaft; 106. Gear;

[0032] 1. Sliding layer; 2. Wear-resistant layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In one aspect, this embodiment provides a sliding bearing for use between a first component and a second component that can rotate relative to each other.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the sliding bearing includes a sliding layer 1, which is deposited on the surface of a first component. When the first component and the second component rotate relative to each other, a lubricating oil layer is formed between the sliding layer 1 and the second component. This lubricating oil layer, as a lubricating film with a certain load-bearing capacity, separates the solid surfaces of the sliding layer 1 and the second component, converting dry friction into liquid friction between molecules within the lubricating oil layer. This significantly reduces the coefficient of friction between the sliding layer 1 and the second component, thereby reducing wear between them. Compared to existing sliding bearings, the above-mentioned sliding bearing has the advantages of small size and lightweight, without increasing the volume of the components; at the same time, it has lower cost and good economic efficiency. Furthermore, the sliding layer 1 is made of wear-resistant material and deposited on the first component, forming a high-hardness and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the first component, thereby extending the service life of the sliding bearing.

[0039] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, taking the housing 101 and planetary carrier 104 as an example, the planetary carrier 104 can rotate relative to the housing 101. A sliding bearing is used between the housing 101 and the planetary carrier 104. If the first component is the housing 101 and the second component is the planetary carrier 104, then the sliding layer 1 is deposited on the surface of the housing 101; conversely, if the first component is the planetary carrier 104 and the second component is the housing 101, then the sliding layer 1 is deposited on the surface of the planetary carrier 104.

[0040] Specifically, the lubricating oil required for the formation of the aforementioned lubricating oil layer is added externally to the sliding bearing. The method of adding the lubricating oil is based on existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] Furthermore, the sliding layer 1 can be a laser cladding layer, a thermal spray layer, an electroplating layer, or a physical vapor deposition layer. Specifically, the laser cladding layer is deposited on the surface of the first component using a laser cladding method, which offers advantages such as high bonding strength, dense coating, and minimal thermal impact on the substrate; the thermal spray layer is deposited on the surface of the first component using a thermal spraying method, which is suitable for preparing large-area coatings and offers good economic benefits; the electroplating layer is deposited on the surface of the first component using an electroplating method, which requires simple equipment, facilitates mass production of coatings, can be performed at room temperature, and has no thermal impact on the substrate; the physical vapor deposition layer is deposited on the surface of the first component using a physical vapor deposition method, which produces coatings with high hardness and good wear resistance, and is a dry process with no wastewater discharge.

[0042] The above four methods are all existing technologies, and their specific operation processes are based on existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] Optionally, the wear-resistant material can be a polymer material, a fiber material, a copper alloy, or a Babbitt metal. Polymer materials possess excellent self-lubricating properties and a low coefficient of friction, ensuring relative rotation between the first and second components even with a thin or absent lubricating oil layer. Furthermore, polymer materials have low density and light weight, reducing equipment weight. Fiber materials are impact-resistant, wear-resistant, and have good vibration absorption properties, enabling them to withstand high instantaneous loads and edge pressures. Copper alloys offer good wear resistance and excellent thermal conductivity, and their manufacturing process is mature. Babbitt metal has good embedding properties; tiny hard particles entering the gap between the sliding layer 1 and the second component with the lubricating oil layer can be pressed into the Babbitt metal surface to prevent damage to the second component. Additionally, Babbitt metal has good oleophilic properties, facilitating the spreading and adsorption of the lubricating oil layer.

[0044] Optionally, the sliding bearing further includes a wear-resistant layer 2, which is disposed on the sliding layer 1, and a lubricating oil layer is disposed between the wear-resistant layer 2 and the second component. Alternatively, the wear-resistant layer 2 is disposed on the second component, and the lubricating oil layer is disposed between the sliding layer 1 and the wear-resistant layer 2. By providing the wear-resistant layer 2, even if the lubricating oil layer is thin or absent, the sliding bearing can still ensure the relative rotation between the first component and the second component.

[0045] Furthermore, the wear-resistant layer 2 is made of wear-resistant materials. Specifically, the material of the wear-resistant layer 2 can be a polymer material or a fiber material with added molybdenum dioxide, graphite, etc. In humid environments, the layered structure of graphite can provide excellent lubrication and reduce the coefficient of friction; in vacuum, high-temperature, or dry environments, molybdenum dioxide forms a strong lubricating film on the friction surface. By simultaneously adding graphite and molybdenum dioxide to the polymer material or fiber material, the wear-resistant layer 2 can maintain stable wear resistance in dry, humid, and vacuum environments.

[0046] Optionally, the wear-resistant layer 2 is deposited on the sliding layer 1; or, the wear-resistant layer 2 is deposited on the second component. Specifically, the wear-resistant layer 2 is a laser cladding layer, a thermal spraying layer, an electroplating layer, or a physical vapor deposition layer, that is, the wear-resistant layer 2 is deposited using laser cladding, thermal spraying, electroplating, or physical vapor deposition, as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] Specifically, the thickness of the sliding layer 1 is 0.5mm-5mm, and the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 2 is 0.005mm-1mm.

[0048] Secondly, this embodiment also provides a wind power main gearbox 100, which includes the above-mentioned sliding bearing and has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned sliding bearing, which will not be elaborated here.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the planetary configuration, the planet carrier 104 is rotatably disposed within the housing 101, and a sliding bearing is provided between the housing 101 and the planet carrier 104. The first component is the housing 101, and the second component is the planet carrier 104, or the first component is the planet carrier 104, and the second component is the housing 101.

[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In the planetary configuration, planetary gear 103 is rotatably mounted on planetary shaft 102, and a sliding bearing is provided between planetary shaft 102 and planetary gear 103. The first component is planetary gear 103, and the second component is planetary shaft 102; or the first component is planetary shaft 102, and the second component is planetary gear 103.

[0051] Continue to refer to Figure 3In the planetary configuration, planetary gear 103 is rotatably mounted on planet carrier 104, and a sliding bearing is provided between planetary gear 103 and planet carrier 104. The first component is planetary gear 103, and the second component is planet carrier 104; or, the first component is planet carrier 104, and the second component is planetary gear 103.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the parallel stage, the rotating shaft 105 is rotatably mounted on the housing 101, and a sliding bearing is provided between the rotating shaft 105 and the housing 101. The first component is the housing 101, and the second component is the rotating shaft 105; or the first component is the rotating shaft 105, and the second component is the housing 101.

[0053] Optionally, the sliding bearing includes a radial sliding bearing and an axial sliding bearing, wherein the sliding layer 1 of the radial sliding bearing extends parallel to the rotation axis, and the sliding layer 1 of the axial sliding bearing extends perpendicular to the rotation axis. The radial sliding bearing is used to bear loads perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the axial sliding bearing is used to bear loads along the rotation axis, preventing axial movement.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the planetary configuration, the rotation axis of the planet carrier 104 extends horizontally. Both radial and axial sliding bearings are provided between the housing 101 and the planet carrier 104. An axial sliding bearing is provided between the planet carrier 104 and the planet gears 103.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The rotation axis of planetary gear 103 also extends horizontally in the figure, and a radial sliding bearing is provided between planetary gear 103 and planetary shaft 102.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the parallel stage, the rotation axis of the shaft 105 extends horizontally in the figure. Both radial and axial sliding bearings are provided between the shaft 105 and the housing 101. The axial sliding bearing, which bears the axial load, can be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, they are respectively located on both sides of the gear 106, or as... Figure 5 As shown, they are all located on the same side of gear 106.

[0057] Thirdly, this embodiment also provides a wind turbine generator set, including the wind turbine main gearbox 100 described above, which has all the beneficial effects of the wind turbine main gearbox 100 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0058] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding bearing for use between a first component and a second component that are rotatable relative to each other, characterized in that, The sliding bearing includes a sliding layer (1) made of wear-resistant material. The sliding layer (1) is deposited on the surface of the first component. When the first component and the second component rotate relative to each other, a lubricating oil layer is formed between the sliding layer (1) and the second component.

2. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding bearing further includes a wear-resistant layer (2), which is disposed on the sliding layer (1), and the lubricating oil layer is located between the wear-resistant layer (2) and the second component; Alternatively, the wear-resistant layer (2) is disposed on the second component, and the lubricating oil layer is located between the sliding layer (1) and the wear-resistant layer (2).

3. The sliding bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer (2) is made of wear-resistant material.

4. The sliding bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer (2) is deposited on the sliding layer (1); Alternatively, the wear-resistant layer (2) may be deposited on the second component.

5. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The sliding layer (1) is a laser cladding layer, a thermal spray coating, an electroplating layer, or a physical vapor deposition layer.

6. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The wear-resistant material is a polymer material, a fiber material, a copper alloy, or a Babbitt alloy.

7. A wind turbine main gearbox, characterized in that, Includes the sliding bearing described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The wind turbine main gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the housing (101) and the planetary carrier (104) is the first component, and the other is the second component; And / or, one of the planetary gear (103) and the planetary shaft (102) is the first component, and the other is the second component; And / or, one of the planetary gear (103) and the planet carrier (104) is the first component, and the other is the second component; And / or, one of the housing (101) and the rotating shaft (105) is the first component, and the other is the second component.

9. The wind turbine main gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding bearing includes: A radial sliding bearing, wherein the sliding layer (1) of the radial sliding bearing extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation; An axial sliding bearing, wherein the sliding layer (1) of the axial sliding bearing extends perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.

10. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, Includes the wind turbine main gearbox (100) as described in any one of claims 7-9.

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