Electronic device
By selecting appropriate feed point locations and matching networks with impedance less than a threshold in antenna design, and combining ground plane and radiating stub coupling feed, the problems of insufficient radiation efficiency and bandwidth in existing antenna designs are solved, achieving more efficient RF signal radiation and wider frequency band support.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410918259.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
Smart Images
Figure CN121307477A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of radio frequency technology, and in particular to an electronic device. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the performance requirements for antenna assemblies are increasing. In particular, in multi-band, wide-bandwidth application scenarios, the radiation efficiency of the antenna has become a key indicator of its performance. However, existing antenna designs have been unable to meet the user's requirements for radiation efficiency. SUMMARY
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electronic device with better radiation efficiency in view of the above technical problems.
[0004] The present application provides an electronic device, comprising:
[0005] a feed source configured to provide a feed signal;
[0006] a first radiating branch provided with a feed point configured to connect the feed source, the first radiating branch configured to radiate a radio frequency signal under the excitation of the feed signal;
[0007] wherein the position of the feed point of the first radiating branch is determined according to the working mode of the first radiating branch, and the impedance between the feed source and the feed point is less than an impedance threshold.
[0008] The above electronic device, based on the working mode of the first radiating branch, by selecting the appropriate feed point position, can reduce the degree of impedance mismatch of the first radiating branch, thereby reducing the dependence on the matching network between the feed source and the feed point. Therefore, a matching network with impedance less than the impedance threshold can be used, thereby introducing less loss to reduce the impact of the matching network on the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the first radiating branch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the related art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.
[0010] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0011] FIG. 2(a) is a current simulation diagram of the first radiating branch when the working mode of the first radiating branch is 1 / 2 wavelength mode according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0012] Figure 2(b) is a second current simulation plot of the first radiating branch of an embodiment when operating in a ½ wavelength mode;
[0013] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a current distribution plot of the first radiating branch of an embodiment when operating in a ½ wavelength mode;
[0014] Figure 4(a) is a first configuration plot of a radiating branch of the related art;
[0015] Figure 4(b) is a second configuration plot of a radiating branch of the related art;
[0016] Figure 4(c) is a third configuration plot of a radiating branch of the related art;
[0017] Figure 5(a) is a plot of the second current component of the floor current corresponding to Figure 4(a);
[0018] Figure 5(b) is a plot of the second current component of the floor current corresponding to Figure 4(b);
[0019] Figure 5(c) is a plot of the second current component of the floor current corresponding to Figure 4(c);
[0020] Figure 6(a) is a first current simulation plot of the Figure 5(b) example;
[0021] Figure 6(b) is a second current simulation plot of the Figure 5(b) example;
[0022] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a plot of the system total efficiency of an embodiment of an electronic device;
[0023] Figure 8 Figure 8 is a second configuration plot of an embodiment of an electronic device;
[0024] Figure 9(a) is an equivalent circuit plot of the first radiating branch without the second radiating branch;
[0025] Figure 9(b) is an equivalent circuit plot of the first radiating branch with a slot width of 1.2 mm;
[0026] Figure 9(c) is an equivalent circuit plot of the first radiating branch with a slot width of 0.5 mm;
[0027] Figure 10(a) is a plot of the electric field without the second radiating branch;
[0028] Figure 10(b) is a plot of the electric field with a slot width of 1.2 mm;
[0029] Figure 10(c) is a plot of the electric field with a slot width of 0.5 mm;
[0030] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a human hand holding an electronic device;
[0031] Figure 12 A comparison diagram of system total efficiency of an electronic device of an embodiment;
[0032] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device of an embodiment III;
[0033] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a tuning circuit of an embodiment.
[0034] Element number explanation:
[0035] First radiation branch: 100; floor: 200; top frame: 310; first side frame: 320; bottom frame: 330; second side frame: 340; second radiation branch: 400; tuning circuit: 500. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made to the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.
[0037] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", and the like used in the present application can be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first side frame can be referred to as the second side frame, and similarly, the second side frame can be referred to as the first side frame.
[0038] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. The meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. The meaning of "several" is at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
[0039] The electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application has a wireless communication function. The electronic device can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, Internet of Things devices, and portable wearable devices. The Internet of Things device can be a smart speaker, a smart television, a smart air conditioner, a smart vehicle device, etc. The portable wearable device can be a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a head-mounted device, etc. For the convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as electronic devices.
[0040] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The electronic device includes a feed S and a first radiating branch 100. The feed S can be a radio frequency chip or the like device capable of providing a feed signal. The first radiating branch 100 is provided with a feed point for connecting the feed S, and the first radiating branch 100 is used to radiate a radio frequency signal under the excitation of the feed signal. The target frequency band of the radio frequency signal can be a 4G long term evolution (LTE) signal, or a 5G new radio (NR) signal, and the optional frequency band range can be, for example, low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, etc., which is not limited in the present embodiment.
[0041] The first radiating branch 100 can also be referred to as an excited antenna radiating branch, a main radiating branch, or a main branch. The first radiating branch 100 can be any one of a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiating branch, a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiating branch, a print direct structuring (PDS) radiating branch, and a metal branch radiating branch. The first radiating branch 100 can be understood as part of an antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly can also include other radiating branches, which can have the same working frequency band as the first radiating branch 100 or a different working frequency band from the first radiating branch 100, which is not limited in the present embodiment. When the antenna assembly is applied to an electronic device, the first radiating branch 100 can reuse the metal insert of the electronic device itself. For example, the first radiating branch 100 can be an antenna radiating branch designed by the middle frame of the electronic device formed by plastic and metal, and the first radiating branch 100 can also be a metal edge radiating branch designed by the metal middle frame.
[0042] It can be understood that the shape, structure, and material of the first radiating branch 100 are not specifically limited in the present application. The shape of the first radiating branch 100 includes but is not limited to a bent shape, a straight shape, an L shape, a sheet shape, a rod shape, a coating, a film, etc. When the first radiating branch 100 is in a strip shape, the extension trajectory of the first radiating branch 100 is not limited in the present application, so the first radiating branch 100 can extend in a straight line, a curve, or multiple bends. The first radiating branch 100 described above can be a line with uniform width, or an irregular shape with varying width, such as a widened area, on the extension trajectory. In the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the first radiating branch 100 is taken as an example to extend along a straight trajectory. It can be understood that Figure 1 The first radiating branch 100 shown in the figure should not be understood as a limitation of the first radiating branch 100 provided in the present embodiment.
[0043] The position of the feed point of the first radiating branch 100 is determined according to the working mode of the first radiating branch 100, and the impedance between the feed source S and the feed point is less than an impedance threshold. The impedance between the feed source S and the feed point is determined according to the impedance of the transmission line and the impedance of the matching network. For example, in the embodiment shown in the figure, the impedance of the matching network is 0 Ω, and thus the impedance between the feed source S and the feed point is only the impedance of the transmission line. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in the figure, the impedance of the matching network is 0 Ω, and thus the impedance between the feed source S and the feed point is only the impedance of the transmission line. It can be understood that the current distribution on the first radiating branch 100 is different in different working modes. For example, in the 1 / 2 wavelength working mode, the current distribution of the first radiating branch 100 is sinusoidal in space, and the two ends are weak points of the current and the middle is a strong point of the current. In the 1 / 4 wavelength working mode, the current distribution of the first radiating branch 100 starts from the feed point, reaches the maximum at one end point, and is zero at the other end point. That is, one end of the first radiating branch 100 is a strong point of the current and the other end is a weak point of the current. In the 1 / 8 wavelength working mode, the current distribution of the first radiating branch 100 is more complex, and there are multiple weak points and weak points of the current. That is, the current of the first radiating branch 100 reaches the maximum at several points and is zero at other points. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustration and do not limit the protection scope of the embodiment, and the first radiating branch 100 can also work in other working modes.
[0044] Based on the characteristics that the voltage is equal everywhere on the first radiating branch 100 and the current is different, since R = V / I, the equivalent resistance of the first radiating branch 100 at each point is also different. In order to make the first radiating branch 100 have greater power and smaller reflection, the impedance at the feed point can be changed by the matching network to match the impedance between the feed source S, the transmission line and the load. The matching network is composed of passive elements in series and parallel, and the passive elements in the matching network include at least one of resistance, capacitance and inductance. The resistance can be used to adjust and stabilize the current. The capacitance is used to block the direct current signal and conduct the alternating current signal, and the inductance is used to block the alternating current signal and conduct the direct current signal. Therefore, the capacitance and the inductance are used to achieve selective filtering, thereby enhancing the signal of a specific frequency. The capacitance and the inductance are also used to move the phase of the current signal to make the circuit resonate at a specific frequency. However, the passive elements such as capacitance are not ideal elements, and they have a certain dielectric loss and may have a certain parasitic resistance and parasitic inductance, thereby inhibiting the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the connected first radiating branch 100.
[0045] Therefore, in embodiments of the application, by selecting a proper feed point position based on the operating mode of the first radiating branch 100, the degree of impedance mismatch of the first radiating branch 100 can be reduced, and thus the dependence on the matching network between the feed source S and the feed point can be reduced. Therefore, a matching network with smaller impedance can be used, and thus less loss can be introduced, so as to reduce the influence of the matching network on the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the first radiating branch 100, and thus an electronic device with better radiation efficiency and bandwidth can be provided.
[0046] In one embodiment, the distance between the feed point and the current strong point of the first radiating branch 100 is less than a distance threshold. That is, the feed point is arranged close to the current strong point. For example, the distance threshold can be less than 5 mm, such as 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, etc. Here, the position of the current strong point is determined according to the operating mode of the first radiating branch 100. Specifically, since R = V / I, the current strong point can be understood as the point with the smallest resistance on the first radiating branch 100. Therefore, by arranging the feed point close to the current strong point of the first radiating branch 100, a matching network with lower impedance can be used to achieve impedance matching of the first radiating branch 100. In embodiments of the application, the position of the feed point is determined based on the current strong point of the first radiating branch 100, and the feed point is arranged close to the current strong point, so that the impedance of the matching network can be reduced, and thus less loss can be introduced, so as to reduce the influence of the matching network on the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the first radiating branch 100, and thus an electronic device with better radiation efficiency and bandwidth can be provided.
[0047] In one embodiment, the operating mode of the first radiating branch 100 is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Specifically, in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the branch current distribution on the first radiating branch 100 is better, so that the radiation intensity is higher. FIG. 2 is a current simulation diagram of the first radiating branch 100 in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, where FIG. 2(a) is a color diagram, and FIG. 2(b) is a grayscale diagram corresponding to FIG. 2(a). Referring to FIG. 2, when the first radiating branch 100 operates in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode from the feed end to the first end of the first radiating branch 100, it can be seen that the current intensity on the first radiating branch 100 is strong. Therefore, in embodiments of the application, by controlling the first radiating branch 100 to operate in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the radiation performance of the first radiating branch 100 can be greatly improved. Further, according to the target frequency band, any way can be used to adjust the effective electrical length of the first radiating branch 100, so that the first radiating branch 100 operates in the desired operating mode. For example, the length of the first radiating branch 100 can be adjusted, and the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.
[0048] Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating branch 100 in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, where FIG. 2(a) is a color diagram, and FIG. 2(b) is a grayscale diagram corresponding to FIG. 2(a). Figure 3In the case that the first radiating branch 100 works in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the current distribution of the first radiating branch 100 is sinusoidal in space, with weak current at both ends and strong current in the middle. Therefore, the distance between the feeding point and the middle point of the first radiating branch 100 in the length direction can be less than the distance threshold, so that the required impedance of the first radiating branch 100 is small.
[0049] Further, the feeding point of the first radiating branch 100 can be arranged at the middle point in the length direction, so that the matching network can not be arranged to overcome the influence of the passive elements such as capacitors in the matching network on the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the first radiating branch 100. That is, the matching network is not arranged between the feed S and the feeding point, and the feed S is directly connected to the feeding point, so that the impedance between the feed S and the feeding point is less than the impedance threshold, thereby minimizing the influence on the radiation efficiency and bandwidth.
[0050] With reference to the foregoing Figure 1 In one embodiment, the electronic device further includes a ground plate 200. The ground plate 200 can be, but is not limited to, any one of a frame body of a middle frame in the electronic device, a ground of a circuit board, a shielding member of a display screen, a conductive battery cover, and the like. In other embodiments, the ground plate 200 can also be a separate ground plate independent of the frame body of the electronic device, the ground of the circuit board, the shielding member of the display screen, and the conductive battery cover, and the present application does not limit the ground plate 200.
[0051] The first radiating branch 100 is arranged on one side of the floor 200 and is spaced apart from the floor 200. That is, the first radiating branch 100 is arranged close to the floor 200 but is not connected to the floor 200. Exemplarily, the first radiating branch 100 can be arranged on the left side of the floor 200 or the right side of the floor 200. Wherein, the left side and the right side are defined as the left side and the right side of the electronic device when the electronic device is held in a conventional manner with the loudspeaker above and the microphone below. Specifically, the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 can be understood as forming a capacitor structure. When the feed signal acts on the first radiating branch 100, one end of the capacitor will rapidly accumulate electric charge, and the other end will lose electric charge accordingly. With the continuous change of the signal, the accumulation and release of electric charge are repeated, so that the intensity and direction of the electric field are constantly changing. The high-frequency electric field changes can stimulate the floor current on the floor 200, so that the floor 200 radiates radio frequency signals. Further, since the capacitance of the capacitor is affected by the dielectric material, distance, coupling area, etc., at least one of the above parameters can be adjusted to change the coupling effect between the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency of the floor 200, so that the resonance points of the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 are the same or similar, thereby making the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 collectively radiate radio frequency signals of the target frequency band.
[0052] In the embodiments of the application, the floor 200 and the first radiating branch 100 collectively radiate radio frequency signals of the target frequency band by coupling the feed, so that the floor 200 can be multiplexed as part of the antenna assembly, thereby increasing the equivalent radiation area of the antenna assembly and helping to improve the gain of the antenna assembly. Moreover, by spacing the floor 200 and the first radiating branch 100, the influence of the connection path between the floor 200 and the first radiating branch 100 on the flow direction of the floor current can be avoided, thereby more greatly exciting the floor current component in the required direction to further improve the radiation efficiency of the electronic device.
[0053] In one of the embodiments, the floor current includes a first current component and a second current component perpendicular to each other. Wherein, the first current component is more than the second current component, the direction of the first current component is the same as the direction of the branch current, Figure 1The first current component in the floor current is indicated by the arrow on the middle floor 200. The first current component can also be referred to as a longitudinal component, and the second current component can also be referred to as a transverse component. Moreover, since the flow direction of the branch current of the first radiating branch 100 is parallel to the length direction of the first radiating branch 100, the first current component is also parallel to the length direction of the first radiating branch 100. Specifically, the direction of the first current component in the floor current can be the same as the direction of the branch current, or opposite to the direction of the branch current, which is not limited in the embodiment. In order to facilitate the description of the technical solutions of the present application, three implementation manners in the related art are provided herein for comparison, and the embodiment and the comparison embodiment are taken as examples for description, both of which are used to support the transceiving of the radio frequency signal of low frequency.
[0054] FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a setting mode of a radiating branch in the related art. Referring to FIG. 4(a), in the related art, an electronic device is provided with a mainboard area and a battery area, the mainboard area is close to a loudspeaker of the electronic device, and the battery area is close to a microphone of the electronic device. The radiating branch for supporting the transceiving of the radio frequency signal of low frequency is arranged at the right side frame of the electronic device, one end of the radiating branch close to the mainboard area is grounded, and a feeding point is arranged close to the grounded end. Based on the above structure, the radiating branch works in a 1 / 4 wavelength mode as an inverted-F antenna (IFA) to radiate the radio frequency signal of low frequency. FIG. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of another setting mode of a radiating branch in the related art. Referring to FIG. 4(b), the radiating branch serving as an excitation source is arranged at the upper right corner of the electronic device, one end of the radiating branch located at the upper frame is grounded, and one end of the radiating branch located at the side frame is a free end. Based on the above structure, the length of the radiating branch serving as the excitation source can be less than 1 / 8 of the wavelength corresponding to the target frequency, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna. FIG. 4(c) is a schematic diagram of another setting mode of a radiating branch in the related art. Referring to FIG. 4(c), the radiating branch only needs a physical length of 1 / 8 of the wavelength to radiate the radio frequency signal of low frequency by using a new type of composite right / left-handed (CRLH) material, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna. However, in the shorter working modes such as 1 / 4 wavelength and 1 / 8 wavelength, the current distribution on the radiating branch is not uniform enough, and it is difficult to achieve impedance matching with the free space, thereby greatly affecting the radiation efficiency of the radiating branch. Moreover, the bandwidth corresponding to the shorter working mode is usually insufficient, which means that the radiating branch can only work effectively in a relatively narrow frequency range, thereby affecting the application range. It should be noted that, Figures 4(a) to 4(c)The battery region and the mainboard region are only used for illustrative purposes, and the size and position of the battery region and the mainboard region are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Moreover, the positions of the various grounding points shown in the figure are also only used for illustrative purposes, and can be adjusted adaptively according to the working mode of the radiating branch.
[0055] FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the second current component in the floor current corresponding to FIG. 4(a), FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the second current component in the floor current corresponding to FIG. 4(b), and FIG. 5(c) is a schematic diagram of the second current component in the floor current corresponding to FIG. 4(c), in combination with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, by spacing the first radiating branch 100 from the floor 200, the current cannot flow through the return path connected to the floor 200, thereby reducing the second current component in the floor current and significantly increasing the first current component in the floor current. In particular, on the side of the floor 200 close to the first radiating branch 100, most of the floor current is parallel to the length direction of the first radiating branch 100. That is, the embodiment can maximize the excitation of the longitudinal mode of the floor 200, so that the arrangement of the branch current and the floor current in the embodiment can also be referred to as a double longitudinal mode current. The longitudinal mode current flows along the axis of the conductor, so that the current is distributed more uniformly on the surface of the conductor. This uniform current distribution helps to reduce energy loss during transmission. Moreover, by increasing the proportion of the first current component in the floor current, the electromagnetic field generated by the floor current and the branch current can be better superimposed in space, so that their electromagnetic fields are enhanced, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the electronic device. Figures 5(a) to 5(c) The boundary conditions of the above three technical solutions inevitably introduce a part of the transverse floor current and suppress the longitudinal current. It can be understood that if the first radiating branch 100 is connected to the floor 200, a direct return path for the current is provided, and the above return path has lower impedance than other positions. Therefore, the current will flow along this low-impedance path, thereby introducing a transverse component of the floor current.
[0056] FIG. 6 is a current simulation diagram of the contrast example of FIG. 5(b), wherein FIG. 6(a) is a color diagram, and FIG. 6(b) is a grayscale diagram corresponding to FIG. 6(a), in combination with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, by spacing the first radiating branch 100 from the floor 200, the current cannot flow through the return path connected to the floor 200, thereby reducing the second current component in the floor current and significantly increasing the first current component in the floor current. In particular, on the side of the floor 200 close to the first radiating branch 100, most of the floor current is parallel to the length direction of the first radiating branch 100. That is, the embodiment can maximize the excitation of the longitudinal mode of the floor 200, so that the arrangement of the branch current and the floor current in the embodiment can also be referred to as a double longitudinal mode current. The longitudinal mode current flows along the axis of the conductor, so that the current is distributed more uniformly on the surface of the conductor. This uniform current distribution helps to reduce energy loss during transmission. Moreover, by increasing the proportion of the first current component in the floor current, the electromagnetic field generated by the floor current and the branch current can be better superimposed in space, so that their electromagnetic fields are enhanced, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the electronic device.
[0057] Continuing to refer to Figure 1In one of the embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a middle frame, the middle frame comprises a top side frame 310, a first side frame 320, a bottom side frame 330 and a second side frame 340 connected in sequence. The top side frame 310, the first side frame 320, the bottom side frame 330 and the second side frame 340 can be arranged clockwise, so that the first side frame is located at the right side of the electronic device, and the second side frame is located at the left side of the electronic device. The floor 200 is arranged in the enclosed middle frame, and the working mode of the floor 200 is 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the top side frame 310 to the bottom side frame 330. Further, the above-mentioned top side frame 310, first side frame 320, bottom side frame 330 and second side frame 340 can be connected to a middle plate, and the floor 200 can be formed on the middle plate. The middle plate can also be used to mount electronic components such as batteries, mainboards, camera modules and the like of the electronic device. The mainboard can integrate electronic components such as processors, storage units, power management modules, baseband chips and the like of the electronic device. The mainboard can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) or an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), and part of the radio frequency circuit for processing radio frequency signals can be integrated on the circuit board, and a controller capable of controlling the operation of the electronic device can also be integrated.
[0058] It can be understood that the physical length of the first radiation branch 100 is smaller than the physical length of the top side frame 310 to the bottom side frame 330 of the electronic device. However, the resonant frequency of the radiator is not only determined by its physical size, but also affected by other factors. Therefore, although the physical lengths of the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100 are different, their electrical lengths can be changed by other settings so that they resonate in the same frequency band. For example, different dielectric materials can be used in the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100 to change the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100, thereby adjusting the electrical lengths of the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100. It can be understood that other ways of adjusting the electrical lengths of the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100 can also be used so that the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100 can radiate radio frequency signals of the same target frequency band in the same mode, and the embodiments are not limited. In the embodiments of the application, by making the floor 200 and the first radiation branch 100 work in the same 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the radiation performance fluctuation caused by different modes can be suppressed, so that the radiation performance of the antenna assembly is more stable, and the communication reliability is improved.
[0059] In one of the embodiments, the length of the first side frame 320 and the second side frame 340 is greater than the length of the top frame 310 and greater than the length of the bottom frame 330, the first radiating branch 100 is arranged in the first side frame 320 or the second side frame 340, and the target frequency band is a low frequency band. Specifically, the low frequency band is favored by operators due to its low frequency, long wavelength, small transmission loss in long-distance communication, long propagation distance, strong anti-interference ability and other characteristics. Moreover, based on the above characteristics, the layout cost of the base station can be reduced, so the use of the low frequency band in remote mountainous areas, rural areas and other places is high. The low frequency band can include but is not limited to B / N5, B / N8, B / N12, B / N13, B / N14, B / N17, B / N18, B / N19, B / N20, B / N26, B / N28A and other frequency bands. The first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 can be used to respectively emit radio frequency signals of the low frequency band, and the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 can also be used to respectively receive radio frequency signals of the low frequency band. It can be understood that the wavelength of the low frequency radio frequency signal is longer, and it is more difficult to excite a double longitudinal mode current compared to a high frequency radio frequency signal. Therefore, arranging the first radiating branch 100 in the longer first side frame 320 or the second side frame 340 can better meet the demand of the physical length of the first radiating branch 100 for the space layout.
[0060] Further, the first radiating branch 100 can be arranged in the middle of the first side frame 320 or the second side frame 340. Specifically, when the first radiating branch 100 is located in the middle of the first side frame 320 or the second side frame 340, the frame can be more effectively used as part of the radiator, thereby optimizing the current distribution, enhancing the signal coverage range and quality. Moreover, the above position can ensure that the user's hand is relatively far away from the main radiation source when holding the electronic device normally, thereby reducing the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body, and further reducing the influence of the human body on the radiation performance of the electronic device.
[0061] Figure 7 For a comparison chart of the system total efficiency of the electronic device of one embodiment, the system total efficiency can be understood as the radiation efficiency of the electronic device. Referring to Figure 7 , both curves are efficiency curves when the first radiating branch 100 is respectively coupled and fed with the floor 200 and the second radiating branch 400, and the first radiating branch 100 and the floor 200 both work in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the difference is that Figure 7 the solid line in the middle represents feeding at the end of the first radiating branch 100 and needing to set a corresponding matching network, Figure 7The midpoint dash line shows that the first embodiment is fed at the midpoint of the first radiating branch 100. Through the above setting, the resonance points of the electronic device are similar in the two feeding modes, and are about 0.9 GHz. Therefore, the electronic device of the embodiment and the electronic device in the related art can be used to support signal transceiving of the B8 frequency band. However, the efficiency of the electronic device fed at the midpoint of the first radiating branch 100 is -2.4 dB at 0.9 GHz, and the efficiency of the electronic device fed at the end of the first radiating branch 100 is -3.9 dB at 0.9 GHz, so the technical solution of the midpoint feeding can improve the efficiency of the electronic device by about 1.5 dB. Moreover, the bandwidth of the electronic device fed at the center is obviously wider than the bandwidth of the electronic device fed at the end at 0.9 GHz.
[0062] Figure 8 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment; Figure 8 In one of the embodiments, the electronic device further includes a second radiating branch 400. The second radiating branch 400 has an opposite ground end and a free end, and the ground end is connected to the ground plate 200, and the free end forms a gap with the first end of the first radiating branch 100. Specifically, when the first radiating branch 100 generates a branch current under the excitation of the feeding signal, the first radiating branch 100 can be coupled and fed with the second radiating branch 400 through the gap, so that the second radiating branch 400 radiates radio frequency signals. Among them, the frequency band of the radio frequency signals radiated by the second radiating branch 400 can be the same as the target frequency band of the first radiating branch 100, so as to improve the radiation performance of the electronic device at the target frequency band. The frequency band of the radio frequency signals radiated by the second radiating branch 400 can also be different from the target frequency band of the first radiating branch 100, so that the electronic device can work at two different frequency bands. Further, at least one of the gap width between the free end of the second radiating branch 400 and the first end of the first radiating branch 100, the length of the second radiating branch 400, the tuning circuit of the second radiating branch 400, etc. can be adjusted to change the frequency band of the second radiating branch 400 to meet the needs of the electronic device.
[0063] In one of the embodiments, the gap is close to the preset holding region of the electronic device, and the width of the gap is less than the width threshold, so that the electric field intensity at the gap is less than the electric field intensity threshold. In particular, when the second radiation stub 400 is not introduced, the first radiation stub 100 is open between the direct ground as shown in FIG. 9(a). After the introduction of the second radiation stub 400, based on the first radiation stub 100, the second radiation stub 400 and the gap between them, the first radiation stub 100 and the second radiation stub 400 can be understood as constituting a parallel-plate capacitor structure. For example, when the gap width is 1.2 mm as shown in FIG. 9(b), the capacitance value C1 of the capacitor constituted by the first radiation stub 100 and the second radiation stub 400, and when the gap width is 0.5 mm as shown in FIG. 9(c), the capacitance value C2 of the capacitor constituted by the first radiation stub 100 and the second radiation stub 400, C2 is greater than C1. Since the impedance value of the capacitor is 1 / jwC, where w is the frequency and C is the capacitance value, as the capacitance value C increases, the impedance value will decrease accordingly, and when the frequency w also increases, the capacitance impedance value can tend to zero. Therefore, when the electronic device works in the target frequency band of 0.8 GHz to 0.96 GHz, the above capacitor changes the boundary conditions of the first radiation stub 100, making the first radiation stub 100 change from being disconnected to the ground to being close to straight through.
[0064] It can be understood that there is current near the straight-through place in the circuit, and there is no current in the disconnected place. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, as the current increases, the rate of change of the magnetic field generated also increases, which leads to a decrease in the rate of change of the electric field in the area where the current is strong, thereby forming the phenomenon of weak electric field. Moreover, from the physical point of view, the current distribution on the radiation stub is directly related to the charge density. In the area where the current is strong, the charge flows fast, and the charge density is relatively low, which leads to a weak electric field in these areas. On the contrary, in the area where the current is weak, the charge flows slowly, and the charge accumulates, thereby generating a strong electric field. In particular, FIG. 10(a) shows the electric field diagram without the second radiation stub 400, FIG. 10(b) shows the electric field diagram when the gap width is 1.2 mm, and FIG. 10(c) shows the electric field diagram when the gap width is 0.5 mm. In combination with reference to FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b), when the gap width is 1.2 mm, the electric field at the preset holding region is slightly smaller than that when there is no second radiation stub 400. Referring to FIG. 10(c), when the gap width is further narrowed to 0.5 mm, the electric field at the preset holding region is significantly reduced. Therefore, based on the above corresponding relationship between the current strong point and the electric field weak point, by introducing the second radiation stub 400 and making the width of the gap less than the width threshold, the electric field intensity at the gap can be greatly reduced to be less than the electric field intensity threshold.
[0065] Further, based on the radiation requirement of the target frequency band, the length of the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400 needs to be set for the target frequency band. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid the gap between the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400 as shown in Figure 11 The gap between the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400 as shown in FIG. 10(a) and FIG. 10(b) is located in the preset holding area of the human hand, for example, just at the middle finger or the ring finger of the right hand. However, the gap is an electric field intensity point, and due to the complex organization of the human hand composed of muscles, fat, water and bones, it has the characteristics of high loss factor and high dielectric constant, and is more sensitive to electric field, and is more prone to detuning, thereby causing the handheld attenuation of the radiation performance of the electronic device to be large. In the embodiments of the application, by changing the width between the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400, the electric field intensity at the preset holding area can be adjusted to greatly reduce the influence of the human hand holding on the radiation performance of the electronic device, and improve the communication experience of the user in the weak network environment.
[0066] In the embodiments of the application, by narrowing the size of the gap between the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400 to be within a preset range, the influence on the radiation performance of the electronic device in the free state is smaller. However, the above setting can change the boundary conditions of the electric field, thereby changing the electric field intensity of the preset holding area, thereby reducing the influence of the human body on the radiation performance and improving the radiation efficiency of the electronic device in the holding, weak network and other scenarios.
[0067] In one of the embodiments, the feeding point of the first radiation branch 100 can be arranged at one end close to the second radiation branch 400 to enhance the coupling strength between the first radiation branch 100 and the second radiation branch 400, thereby further weakening the electric field intensity at the gap, reducing the influence of the human body on the radiation performance, and improving the radiation efficiency of the electronic device in the holding, weak network and other scenarios. Figure 12 For the comparison chart of the total system efficiency of the electronic device of one embodiment, the total system efficiency can be understood as the radiation efficiency of the electronic device. Referring to Figure 12 , both curves are efficiency curves when the first radiation branch 100 is coupled and fed with the floor 200 and the second radiation branch 400 respectively, and the first radiation branch 100 and the floor 200 both work in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, the difference is that Figure 12 the solid line in the figure shows that the first radiation branch 100 is fed at the end away from the second radiation branch 400, Figure 12The middle dotted line shows that the first radiating branch 100 is fed at the end close to the second radiating branch 400 in an embodiment. Through the above arrangement, the main resonance points of the electronic device are similar in the two feeding modes, and are about 0.9 GHz. Therefore, the electronic device of the embodiment and the electronic device in the related art can both be used to support signal transceiving of the B8 frequency band. However, the efficiency of the electronic device in which the first radiating branch 100 is fed at the end away from the second radiating branch 400 is -7.3 dB at 0.9 GHz, and the efficiency of the electronic device in which the first radiating branch 100 is fed at the end close to the second radiating branch 400 is -5.5 dB at 0.9 GHz. Therefore, the technical solution in which the first radiating branch 100 is fed at the end close to the second radiating branch 400 can improve the efficiency of the electronic device by about 1.8 dB. Moreover, the bandwidth of the electronic device in which the center is fed is obviously wider than the bandwidth of the electronic device in which the end is fed.
[0068] In one of the embodiments, the width threshold value can be 1 mm. That is, the width of the gap is less than 1 mm, so that the electric field intensity at the gap is less than the electric field intensity threshold value, thereby reducing the attenuation of the radiation performance of the electronic device caused by the human hand holding. Further, the width of the gap can be less than 0.7 mm, so that the attenuation of the radiation performance of the electronic device under the condition of human hand holding is smaller. The width of the gap can be, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, or 0.7 mm. It should be noted that the width of the gap is only used for illustrative description, and does not limit the protection scope of the embodiment.
[0069] In one of the embodiments, the working mode of the second radiating branch 400 is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode from the free end to the grounded end. Specifically, due to the width of the frame of the electronic device, the length of the second radiating branch 400 can be set to be small, and the second radiating branch 400 works in the 1 / 4 wavelength mode, so as to reduce the space occupied by the first radiating branch 100 and the second radiating branch 400 in the electronic device, thereby more space can be reserved for other frequency band radiating branches to expand the number of frequency bands that can be supported by the electronic device.
[0070] In one of the embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a middle frame including a top frame 310, a first side frame 320, a bottom frame 330 and a second side frame 340 connected in sequence. The top frame 310, the first side frame 320, the bottom frame 330 and the second side frame 340 can be arranged clockwise so that the first side frame is located at the right side of the electronic device and the second side frame is located at the left side of the electronic device. The first radiating branch 100 and the second radiating branch 400 are arranged on the same side frame. Further, the electronic device can further comprise a positioning antenna supporting GPS positioning and a WIFI / BT antenna supporting WIFI / BT short-distance communication. The positioning antenna and the WIFI / BT antenna can be formed only on the top frame 310 and the bottom frame 330 so that the electronic device supports more communication modes.
[0071] Figure 13 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device according to one of the embodiments, and Figure 13 In one of the embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a tuning circuit 500. The tuning circuit 500 can be connected to one end of the first radiating branch 100 away from the second radiating branch 400, for example, to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiating branch 100. Specifically, when the electrical length of the first radiating branch 100 does not match the electrical length required by the target frequency band, the tuning circuit 500 is electrically connected to the first radiating branch 100 so that the equivalent electrical length matches the electrical length required by the target frequency band, so that the first radiating branch 100 can support the target frequency band of B5, B8, B28, etc. It can be understood that in other embodiments, when the electrical length of the first radiating branch 100 matches the electrical length required to support the preset frequency band, the tuning circuit 500 can also not be needed. Alternatively, the tuning circuit 500 can include a unit with a tuning function composed of capacitors, inductors and other components. The tuning parameter can be understood as a tuning parameter formed by the combination of the equivalent capacitance and the equivalent inductance obtained after the actual connection of the internal components of the tuning circuit 500. For example, Figure 14 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the tuning circuit 500 according to one of the embodiments, and Figure 14 The switching of the series-parallel capacitance is realized by the switching switch and the plurality of capacitors, thereby realizing the switching of the tuning parameter. It can be understood that the same components will result in different tuning parameters due to different connection relationships.
[0072] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.
[0073] The above examples only express several implementation manners of the embodiments of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation to the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the embodiments of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. An electronic device, comprising: The application relates to a feeding source for providing a feeding signal; a first radiating branch provided with a feeding point for connecting the feeding source, the first radiating branch being used for radiating a radio frequency signal under the excitation of the feeding signal; wherein the position of the feeding point of the first radiating branch is determined according to the working mode of the first radiating branch, and the impedance between the feeding source and the feeding point is less than an impedance threshold value. The distance between the feeding point and the current strong point of the first radiating branch is less than a distance threshold value; wherein the position of the current strong point is determined according to the working mode of the first radiating branch. The working mode of the first radiating branch is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode, and the distance between the feeding point and the midpoint of the first radiating branch in the length direction is less than the distance threshold value. The feeding source is directly connected to the feeding point, so that the impedance between the feeding source and the feeding point is less than the impedance threshold value.
2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a floor, the first radiating branch is arranged on one side of the floor and is spaced from the floor, the first radiating branch is further used for coupling feeding with the floor to generate a floor current on the floor, so that the first radiating branch and the floor jointly radiate a radio frequency signal of a target frequency band. The floor current comprises a first current component and a second current component which are perpendicular to each other, the first current component is more than the second current component, and the direction of the first current component is the same as the direction of the branch current generated by the first radiating branch under the excitation of the feeding signal.
3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein, Further comprising:
4. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein, A middle frame comprising a top edge frame, a first side edge frame, a bottom edge frame and a second side edge frame which are sequentially connected; 5. The electronic device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Wherein the floor is arranged in the enclosed middle frame, and the working mode of the floor is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode from the top edge frame to the bottom edge frame.
6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising:
7. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein, A second radiating branch having a ground end and a free end which are arranged oppositely, the ground end is connected with the floor, and the free end and the first end of the first radiating branch form a gap. The gap is close to a preset holding area of the electronic equipment, and the width of the gap is less than a width threshold value, so that the electric field intensity at the gap is less than an electric field intensity threshold value; Wherein the width threshold value and the electric field intensity threshold value are correspondingly arranged.
8. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein, The working mode of the second radiating branch is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode from the free end to the ground end. 9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein, 10. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein,