107 results about "Power injection" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network evaluation, and discloses a power distribution network bearing capacity evaluation system based on dynamic correction. The system comprises a dynamic data acquisition module, a multi-dimensional state space construction module, a security domain analysis module, a partition coupling degree calculation module and a bearing capacity evaluation engine module. The dynamic data acquisition module acquires a power injection quantity sequence, a voltage deviation ratio sequence and uncontrollable parameter fluctuation data of each partition node of the power distribution network; a multi-dimensional state space construction module performs dimension raising mapping on the sequence to generate a linearized power flow state space model containing a power-voltage Jacobian matrix; the security domain analysis module corrects the boundary of the model according to uncontrollable parameter fluctuation and generates a dynamic security operation constraint set; the partition coupling degree calculation module quantifies an electrical independence index by means of a spectrum radius; and the bearing capacity evaluation engine constructs a chance constraint optimization model, outputs the photovoltaic maximum accessible capacity of each partition and a safety guarantee supply control strategy set, and improves the evaluation accuracy and practicability.

The invention relates to the technical field of resonance suppression, and discloses an active damping control LC resonance suppression method and device. The method comprises the following steps: performing parameter identification processing based on bus voltage to obtain an inductance value, a capacitance value and a resonance frequency of an LC circuit; extracting a resonant current component of the current signal based on the resonant frequency; calculating damping power according to the resonance current component, and converting the damping power into a voltage compensation instruction under an alpha-beta coordinate system; generating a PWM control signal according to the voltage compensation instruction and a voltage reference instruction; and performing on-off control on the inverter based on the PWM control signal, and injecting power opposite to the resonant current component into the LC circuit to generate a virtual damping effect. Virtual impedance characteristics are seamlessly integrated into inverter control, rapid response of the whole process from resonance detection to power injection is ensured, the resonance peak value is effectively suppressed, and the current quality is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy intelligent decentralized control, and discloses a distributed photovoltaic power station intelligent monitoring method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting electrical state parameters, and carrying out the normalization processing; performing anomaly detection and island detection based on a multi-dimensional deviation fusion mechanism; generating a power support parameter through a self-adaptive reactive power injection mechanism; under the island mode, loading voltage frequency double-droop combined control; and after the main network is recovered, grid-connected reconnection is realized based on a phase progressive phase locking mechanism. Compared with the prior art that multi-dependence centralized master station judgment and scheduling cannot realize fault isolation and independent operation in time especially under the condition that main network communication is abnormal or frequency fluctuation occurs in a far-end island edge node, the technical problem that fault isolation and independent operation cannot be realized in time in the prior art is solved. Autonomous monitoring of an individual power station level and stable operation of an island are realized, and the stability of the system in a weak network or island operation scene is improved.

The invention discloses a multi-modal abnormal data detection and restoration method and system oriented to a power business scene. The method comprises the following steps: collecting multi-source heterogeneous power data, abstracting a power system into a weighted undirected graph, uniformly mapping the multi-source heterogeneous data into a graph signal, and preprocessing the collected data; extracting spatial features of nodes in a topological structure by adopting a graph convolutional network, and capturing a time dependency relationship in combination with a time sequence encoder; identifying various types of data abnormal points through an abnormal scoring function fusing the time sequence prediction error and the neighborhood consistency; a prediction-reconstruction combined repair strategy is adopted, time sequence prediction and neighborhood diffusion estimation are fused, and a preliminary repair value is generated; a lightweight parameter adapter is introduced, a scene feature vector is used as input, a repair weight and a regularization coefficient are dynamically generated, and a repair strategy is automatically adjusted; and performing physical consistency verification on a data result, wherein the physical consistency verification comprises power injection conservation constraint, voltage amplitude range constraint and time sequence continuity constraint.

The invention discloses a VSG-based low-voltage ride-through hybrid control method for a network-building converter. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring grid-connected point voltage and output current of a grid-forming converter in real time, and judging whether to enter a low-voltage ride-through state according to a grid voltage drop degree; in the initial stage of a fault, a current reference saturation mode is adopted to quickly limit the output current of the converter so as to prevent a power device from being damaged by overcurrent; in the fault duration stage, a dynamic self-adaptive virtual impedance and reactive power reference coordinated regulation mechanism is introduced, so that the converter gradually recovers the reactive power injection capability while limiting the fault current, thereby realizing effective support for the grid-connected point voltage; when the voltage of the power grid drops seriously, the capacity of the inverter can be reserved for the reactive power support by temporarily reducing the output of the active power. According to the method, the current protection and voltage support requirements during the fault period are considered, and the operation stability and the power grid adaptive capacity of the grid-forming converter in the low voltage ride-through process are improved.

The invention discloses an electricity-carbon cooperative scheduling method, system, medium and device based on Koopman and CEF models, and belongs to the field of power system optimization, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the original expression of carbon intensity constraint according to a CEF model; reconstructing the original expression according to a branch outflow power distribution matrix and a diagonal matrix to obtain a nonlinear mapping relation expression between node carbon emission intensity and node power injection, and performing dimension raising processing according to a low-rank kernel approximate improved Koopman operator and a node power injection data set to obtain a linear mapping relation expression; according to the linear mapping relation expression, constructing a power-carbon cooperative scheduling model, and based on the current operation data of the power system, solving the scheduling model to obtain a scheduling optimization strategy; and regulating and controlling the operation of the power system according to the strategy to complete the power-carbon cooperative scheduling. Therefore, by implementing the method, the problem that the timeliness is insufficient when the power system is combined with the carbon emission flow to carry out power-carbon cooperative scheduling in the prior art can be solved.

A measurement and control simulation device based on a measurement and control data transmission integrated system comprises an upper computer display control test module, a PC host module, a signal processing master controller module, an isolation DC / DC module, a down-conversion module, a filtering module, an isolator module and an outer end face interface module. The system has the characteristics of multiple modulation systems, a spread spectrum function, controllable output power, Doppler frequency change and the like, can be used for simulating a star chain control system link test in a ground test system, and fully improves the index assessment performance during system docking; meanwhile, the design of a down-conversion link meets the requirements for the strength and sensitivity of the received signal, the stability and accuracy of the radio-frequency signal after frequency conversion in a low-power injection state are remarkably improved, and a new scheme is provided for a high-frequency conversion mode. Besides, the display control module of the equipment has the functions of multiplexing, reconstruction, multi-data interaction and the like, so that multifunctional and multi-task full-system test coverage can be realized, the cost investment of test systems such as spacecrafts and the like is greatly reduced, and the multifunctional index test coverage efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a high-proportion new energy power system frequency response modeling method and application. The method comprises the steps that all nodes in a power system are divided into active nodes and passive nodes; establishing a linear power flow model of the power system; reducing the linearized power flow model to obtain an equivalent active node power flow injection power expression; frequency-active response models of various power resources in the active nodes and the passive nodes are established respectively; combining an equivalent active node power flow injection power expression with a frequency-active response model, and constructing a unified linear state space model taking an active node phase angle and frequency as state variables; and calculating the frequency response of the power system based on the unified linearization state space model. The unified linear state space model constructed by the method can realize quicker and more accurate simulation and stability analysis of the frequency dynamic state of the high-proportion new energy power system, and is suitable for quick simulation and online analysis of a large-scale system.

The invention discloses an improved control method for low voltage ride through of a distributed direct-driven wind turbine generator, and belongs to the technical field of grid-connected control of wind turbine generators. And when the voltage of the power grid drops, the distributed direct-driven fan enters a low-voltage ride-through state. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing a dq-axis grid-connected system model of the distributed direct-driven fan; and then, by taking'reduction of active loss and improvement of terminal voltage 'as double control objectives, under the constraint of a grid-connected guide rule, a machine-side / grid-side current limit and a power limit, an improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve optimal set values of active and reactive current online in real time, and the optimal set values directly act on a grid-side converter. Compared with an existing proportional reactive power injection method, on the premise that the grid-connected guide rule requirement is met during the fault period, the method can simultaneously provide reactive power support and raise the terminal voltage; active loss is reduced, and the power grid frequency is supported; according to the method, the low-voltage ride-through capability and the power generation economy of the wind power plant are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to a new energy grid-connected control technology, in particular to a grid-following type and grid-constructing type dual-mode switching control method and system for a voltage source converter, and the method comprises the steps: building an electrical topology and mathematical model of a grid-connected system, including modeling a main circuit under a synchronous dq coordinate system with a PCC voltage phase angle as a reference, obtaining active P and reactive Q expressions injected into the power grid; under the control of the following network type GFL, a PLL unit, a power outer ring and a current inner ring are adopted to realize synchronization and active / reactive injection control; under the control of the network construction type GFM, a power synchronous ring, an excitation ring, a voltage ring and a current ring are adopted to form network construction control; in the switching process, the current inner ring structure is kept consistent with the reference, when the GFM is switched to the GFL, the output of the power synchronous ring integrator serves as the initial value of the PLL unit integrator, and when the GFL is switched to the GFM, the output of the PLL unit integrator serves as the initial value of the power synchronous ring integrator.

The invention relates to the technical field of digital ring main unit power distribution operation regulation and control, and discloses an intelligent power distribution operation regulation and control system of a digital ring main unit, which comprises a state sensing module, a logic judgment unit and an execution regulation and control module, the logic discrimination unit identifies a feeder power distribution state according to the power flow distribution data and generates a topology reconstruction scheme; the execution regulation and control module drives a switch to act, migrates the feeder loop to a target bus section, forms transition impedance by using closing pre-breakdown current during migration, inhibits transient inrush current, drives an impedance compensation branch to access according to a zero-sequence current vector of the feeder loop, and counteracts neutral point potential drift by using potential bias generated by reactive power injection; according to the method, the power distribution topology is converted from static hard connection to logic remapping, circuit transient state physical process reconstruction and stock hardware redundancy mining are utilized, node power vector balanced distribution is achieved under the condition that the feeder line continuous power receiving state is maintained, and power flow randomness conflicts are eliminated.

The invention relates to the technical field of grid-connected control of a power system, and discloses an island detection and self-synchronizing grid-connected method for an offshore floating power generation device, which is used for solving the problem that transient oscillation is difficult to effectively suppress in a self-synchronizing grid-connected process after island detection in a traditional method. According to the method, firstly, voltage and frequency signals are collected at a grid-connected interface, and accurate island identification is achieved in combination with multi-cycle deviation judgment and a self-adaptive threshold value; a virtual synchronous machine mode is switched after the island is confirmed, and transient power fluctuation and phase difference are utilized to set damping and perform voltage closed-loop calibration, so that the device is converged to be aligned with the phase and voltage of the power grid; after an alignment condition is met, gradual power injection is adopted to complete grid connection, voltage, frequency and power balance is verified and monitored through a parameter period, and graded adjustment or back-off is carried out when necessary, so that transient oscillation and power impact are suppressed in the whole process from island detection to grid connection again and stable operation, and grid connection stability and adaptability are improved.

The invention discloses an AC / DC system load flow calculation method and device based on trajectory uniformity, and belongs to the technical field of power system calculation and analysis. The method comprises the following steps: inputting topological parameters of an AC / DC system, node power injection data and boundary constraints of variables; according to the topological parameters and node power injection data, an AC / DC system feasible power flow solution model containing voltage constraints is constructed, and the voltage constraints are converted into equality constraints through slack variables; constructing a QGS based on a feasible power flow solution model, wherein a stable equilibrium point of the QGS corresponds to a solution or a least square solution of a power flow equation; tracking a QGS system track by adopting a numerical integration method, and carrying out integration from an initial point until a convergence condition is met; and judging whether the QGS system converges to a feasible power flow solution or a least square solution according to an integral result, and outputting a corresponding result. According to the method, any initial point in the power flow solution neighborhood can be reliably converged to the power flow solution, and the robustness and practicability of power flow calculation are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a sliding mode control and disturbance observer collaborative STATCOM construction method for suppressing LCC-HVDC commutation failure. The sliding mode control and disturbance observer collaborative STATCOM construction method comprises the steps that sliding mode control is adopted for current inner loop control of an STATCOM control circuit; the sliding mode control comprises a sliding mode surface, an index reaching law and a sliding mode control law; a sliding mode disturbance observer is introduced to estimate actual disturbance; actual disturbance estimated by the sliding mode disturbance observer is added to the sliding mode control law, and a corrected sliding mode control law is constructed. According to the novel STATCOM based on SMC-SMDO cooperative control, a multi-target sliding mode surface is designed, comprehensive optimization is realized in combination with an exponential reaching law, a sliding mode disturbance observer is introduced to weaken the influence of disturbance, and reactive power can be quickly injected to improve the commutation failure defense capability. Meanwhile, due to the introduction of the sliding mode disturbance observer, the disturbance of the system is estimated, the disturbance is accurately compensated, the precision of the STATCOM is greatly improved, the fault recovery time is effectively shortened, and the anti-interference performance is remarkably enhanced.

The invention discloses a micro-grid multi-objective optimization configuration method and system based on double-layer modeling, and relates to the technical field of micro-grid planning optimization, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining equipment operation parameters, branch connection relations and typical daily multi-source power time sequence data of a micro-grid; constructing a first configuration space and constructing a configuration layer model according to the first configuration space; generating a physical topology based on the configuration layer model and performing time sequence simulation to obtain a power flow path reconstruction sequence; extracting loss time sequence distribution of each branch and constructing a loss migration feature set; constructing a branch loss fluctuation constraint based on the loss migration feature set, and feeding back the branch loss fluctuation constraint to the configuration layer model as a feasibility constraint to obtain a corrected configuration layer model; the optimal configuration scheme meeting the feasibility constraint is searched in the first configuration space by adopting the multi-objective optimization algorithm, so that the problem of frequent reconstruction of a power flow path caused by dynamic change of power injection of a distributed power supply and an energy storage device along with time in the operation process of the micro-grid is solved.

This application relates to the field of battery charging technology, and discloses a battery charging circuit, method, and apparatus. The battery charging circuit of this application includes: a data acquisition module, a power conversion module, and a control module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire battery operating parameters. The power conversion module receives a power signal at its input terminal and connects to the battery at its output terminal. When the control module detects that the operating temperature in the battery operating parameters is lower than a first preset temperature, it controls the power conversion module to output a pulse current signal to heat the battery to the first preset temperature. When the control module detects that the operating temperature is not lower than the first preset temperature and is lower than a second preset temperature, it controls the power conversion module to output a pulse current signal and a first constant current signal to charge and heat the battery. When the control module detects that the operating temperature is not lower than the second preset temperature, it controls the power conversion module to output a second constant current signal to charge the battery. This achieves coupled control of heating and charging, improving the synergy between thermal management and power injection.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of power-carbon collaboration, and provides a carbon allocation method and system for power-carbon collaboration, and the method comprises the following steps: abstracting a target power grid into a network model composed of nodes and branches, obtaining the active power injection data of each node, calculating node carbon flow intensity of each node according to the direct carbon emission of the power generation node; carrying out load flow calculation based on the network model and the active power injection data, determining the contribution proportion of each power generation node to the load flow of each branch, and calculating the conventional power utilization carbon emission of each load node; regarding the network loss of each branch as a virtual load, and calculating the total network loss carbon emission amount of each branch; and based on the combined action of a power generation side and a load side on branch power flow, tracing and sharing the total network loss carbon emission amount to a power generation node and a load node which cause the network loss according to a proportion. On the basis of responsibility distribution, the network loss carbon is distributed to the power generation party and the power utilization party in proportion at the same time, and the allocation result is more fair and reasonable.

The invention discloses a flywheel energy storage active phase modulation control method, system and device and a medium, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting multi-source power data of a power grid, and obtaining preprocessed phasor data; inputting the preprocessed phasor data into a first network model, and predicting a voltage phasor trajectory, a power angle trajectory and a frequency trajectory in a future preset time window; respectively carrying out corresponding evaluation and analysis, and outputting corresponding evaluation and analysis results; and respectively calculating an active power injection instruction in a power angle support mode, a reactive power injection instruction in a voltage phase correction mode or an anti-phase power injection instruction in an oscillation suppression mode according to an evaluation analysis result, and controlling the flywheel body to output power. According to the method, the power grid phasor trajectory is predicted, risks can be pre-judged and control measures can be actively taken before instability occurs, the defect of traditional afterward response is changed, passive is changed into active, and the timeliness and effectiveness of control are improved.

The application discloses a kind of interval harmonic power flow calculation method using relative distance measure, first input the parameter of power grid and network fluctuation, construct the node admittance matrix of fundamental wave and harmonic, set the RDM initial value of node voltage and carry out fundamental wave power flow iteration calculation, in the process of fundamental wave power flow iteration, the correction of reactive power injection and voltage is carried out to PV node, after meeting convergence condition, the RDM number of the fundamental wave voltage and injection current of whole network is output. After that, the harmonic power flow iteration part in decoupling method is further simplified by using simple solution method. The harmonic current is calculated at harmonic source node in combination with harmonic spectrum, and then the harmonic admittance matrix in RDM form is established based on the harmonic model of each element in the whole network, and the harmonic voltage RDM value of each node is obtained through the harmonic voltage equation. Finally, the interval number is converted through the conversion principle of RDM number, and the harmonic voltage interval range of the whole network is obtained, which can be applied to harmonic analysis and treatment.

The invention discloses power injection equipment for a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of power injection of photovoltaic modules. A power injection device for a photovoltaic module comprises a rack, a plurality of power injection areas are formed on the rack in the vertical direction, and a bearing device used for bearing and moving the photovoltaic module, a correcting device used for correcting the photovoltaic module and a power injection device used for injecting power to the photovoltaic module are installed in each power injection area on the rack; a feeding and discharging device is further arranged on one side of the machine frame and comprises a frame body arranged on one side of the machine frame, a lifting device is installed on the frame body, a transverse material moving device is installed on the lifting device, and a bearing belt used for bearing a photovoltaic module is installed on the transverse material moving device. And the transverse material moving device is configured to be capable of moving the photovoltaic module into or out of the power injection area. According to the invention, the power injection efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

The application discloses a kind of based on Koopman and CEF model electric carbon collaborative scheduling method, system, medium and equipment, belong to electric power system optimization field, the method is: according to CEF model obtains the original expression of carbon intensity constraint;According to branch outflow power distribution matrix and diagonal matrix, reconstruct the original expression, obtain the nonlinear mapping relationship expression between node carbon emission intensity and node power injection, and according to low rank kernel approximation improved Koopman operator and node power injection dataset are processed, obtain linear mapping relationship expression;According to linear mapping relationship expression, construct electric carbon collaborative scheduling model, and based on electric power system current operation data, solve scheduling model, obtain scheduling optimization strategy;According to the strategy, regulate electric power system operation, complete electric carbon collaborative scheduling.Therefore, by implementing the present application, the problem of insufficient timeliness of electric power system in combination with carbon emission flow for electric carbon collaborative scheduling in the prior art can be solved.

The application discloses a main-distribution coordination power grid operation optimization method based on data analysis and belongs to the technical field of power grid operation control. The method collects the bus voltage on each side of a main grid transformer, tie line power, and the output of a distributed power source of a distribution grid, the state of charge of energy storage, and the interruptible capacity of a flexible load, and constructs a boundary power exchange characteristic vector of the main-distribution grid; according to the correlation degree of the characteristic vector and the over-limit risk of each node voltage of the distribution grid, a boundary coupling node set is screened, a virtual power injection equivalent device is arranged at the set, and the support capacity of the main grid to the distribution grid is quantified as an adjustable power interval of the boundary node; the adjustable power interval and the regulation dead zone of each distributed power source in the distribution grid are subjected to intersection operation to generate an initial feasible region of main-distribution coordination regulation and control; and the on-load voltage regulating switch position of the main grid transformer, the capacity of the capacitor bank, and the charging and discharging power of the energy storage of the distribution grid and the flexible load reduction amount are subjected to joint iterative optimization with the feasible region as a constraint, so that the regulation and control reliability is improved.

The present application belongs to the technical field of grid-forming converter control, in order to solve the problem that the existing control strategy is difficult to balance the transient stability and grid support capability, a hybrid synchronization control method and system considering transient stability and grid support are proposed, when the grid-forming converter is detected to have transient instability risk, a grid-following control branch based on a first-order phase-locked loop is introduced in parallel on the basis of the original grid-forming virtual synchronous machine control loop; in the initial stage of the fault, by adjusting the gain proportional coefficient, the equivalent active power reference value is reduced to zero, so as to block the active power injection and minimize the acceleration area; after a preset initial time period, by dynamic adjustment, the equivalent active power reference value tracks the current electromagnetic power in real time, while continuing to suppress the power angle oscillation, the grid support capability of the converter is effectively restored.

The present application relates to the technical field of power grid data processing, in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage system coordinated control method, comprising the following steps: obtaining power grid topology and line parameters, establishing a power grid admittance matrix, calculating the voltage variation caused by the injection of unit reactive power between any two photovoltaic energy storage system nodes, grouping all photovoltaic energy storage system nodes to obtain a coordinated voltage regulation partition set. The present application establishes a power grid admittance matrix by obtaining power grid topology and line parameters, and calculates the voltage variation caused by the injection of unit reactive power between any two photovoltaic energy storage system nodes, thereby obtaining node voltage sensitivity, and then clearly defining the electrical coupling relationship between nodes, so as to accurately group the nodes and establish a coordinated voltage regulation partition set, making the coordinated control between photovoltaic energy storage system nodes more explicit.

The invention provides a linear power flow calculation method and device of a power grid-AT traction network coupling system, and relates to the technical field of power system data processing. The sinusoidal quantity in the phase angle decoupling active injection formula is linearized through a sinusoidal quantity linearization formula, and the voltage amplitude-phase in the phase angle decoupling active injection formula is decoupled and the voltage amplitudes are decoupled through a voltage amplitude and phase decoupling formula; and decoupling the reactive power injection formula through a phase angle decoupling formula, a sinusoidal quantity linearization formula and a voltage amplitude and phase decoupling formula to obtain a linearly decoupled single-phase reactive power injection formula. The load flow calculation is carried out based on the linearly decoupled single-phase active injection formula and the linearly decoupled single-phase reactive injection formula, and the effect of improving the calculation efficiency can be achieved.

This application relates to a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product for managing voltage fluctuations in a distribution network. The method includes: determining the reactive power compensation capacity of each compensation node based on a pre-established objective function of the distribution network system; the objective function aims to minimize voltage fluctuations and distribution network losses, and the compensation nodes are nodes in the distribution network system equipped with static var generators (SVAs); determining the required reactive power injection for each node in the distribution network system according to a preset voltage-power mapping matrix; determining the target state variables of each SVA in the distribution network system based on the reactive power compensation capacity of each compensation node and the required reactive power injection for each node; and correcting the voltage of each compensation node in the distribution network system based on the target state variables of each SVA, thereby managing voltage fluctuations in the distribution network system. Global optimization through the objective function, combined with local node adjustment using state variables, improves control response efficiency.

The invention discloses a long-process simulation method for a power grid containing new energy storage and a flexible load, and belongs to the technical field of digital simulation of a power system. The method comprises the following steps: configuring a built-in control logic module for a new energy, energy storage and flexible load simulation model in a power grid simulation model; during simulation operation, the control logic module obtains an electrical state quantity from a simulation environment in real time, generates a power adjustment instruction based on a preset rule and dynamically updates a power injection value of a simulation model, and forms a closed-loop feedback of state perception-decision-update-solution; and meanwhile, coordination and self-adaptive adjustment among the modules are supported. According to the invention, the simulation of the dynamic collaborative behavior of the source network load storage is realized in the simulation environment, so that the simulation process can reflect the response and interaction of equipment to the state of the power grid.

The present invention discloses a method and system for constructing a conduction map based on low-voltage substation big data, which collects the transient voltage of the meter box power load of the low-voltage substation meter box; collects the transient voltage of the transformer power load of the low-voltage substation transformer; calculates the correlation of the power load characteristic data between meter boxes and the power load characteristic data between transformers and outgoing line cabinets; determines the relationship between meter boxes and outgoing line cabinets and the relationship between transformers and outgoing line cabinets; forms a complete map of the low-voltage substation box transformer based on the relationship between meter boxes and outgoing line cabinets and the relationship between transformers and outgoing line cabinets. Advantages: Based on natural data of power load, it avoids the hidden dangers of power injection and reduces the workload of manual operation implementation; the power load characteristic data is valid data, which reduces the interference of native data signals and improves the information density. It captures data correlation information through first-order data, increases the accuracy of analysis results, and provides conditions for universal promotion.

A power electronic arrangement for a reluctance machine, comprising: a first auxiliary converter operable to deliver a bias voltage during a first and third portion of an electrical cycle, the first auxiliary converter comprising: a first voltage source associated with a first phase winding; a second voltage source associated with a second phase winding; and a second auxiliary converter operable to deliver a bias voltage during a second and fourth portion of the electrical cycle, the second auxiliary converter comprising: a third voltage source associated with the second phase winding; and a fourth voltage source associated with a third phase winding, wherein, during the first and third portions of the electrical cycle, when a current in the first phase winding is larger than a current in the second phase winding, the first voltage source is configured to extract power from a circulating current loop and the second voltage source is configured to inject power into the circulating current loop, and when the current in the second phase winding is larger than the current in the first phase winding, the first voltage source is configured to inject power into the circulating current loop and the second voltage source is configured to extract power from the circulating current loop; and wherein, during the second and fourth portions of the electrical cycle, when a current in the second phase winding is larger than a current in the third phase winding, the third voltage source is configured to extract power from the circulating current loop and the fourth voltage source is configured to inject power into the circulating current loop, and when the current in the third phase winding is larger than the current in the second phase winding, the third voltage source is configured to inject power into the circulating current loop and the fourth voltage source is configured to extract power from the circulating current loop.