The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-core DSP (digital signal processor) system-on-chip and a data transmission method. The system comprises a main processor, multiple slave processors and an external memorizer, wherein each main processor and slave processor respectively comprise a processor core, a memorizer-on-chip and a direct memory access (DMA) controller, the main processor controls and accesses the external memorizer through an I/O (input/output) controller, data exchange can be realized among processors through an internet-on-chip, wherein the internet-on-chip is composed of a star network, a loop network and a serial network. The internet-on-chip provided by the embodiment of the invention combines the star network, the loop network and the serial network, so that the internet-on-chip can not only provide streaming data transmission with high bandwidth, but also provide short message transfer with low delay. Besides, the embodiment of the invention simplifies the access arbitration of the external memorizer through the software control of the main processor, reduces the synchronous operations among the multi-core processors through the network data buffer and lowers the complexity of the program design of the multi-core processors.