Hydropower station generator room ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system based on generator set temperature infrared image recognition and intelligent adjusting method of hydropower station generator room ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system

Abstract

The invention provides a hydropower station generator room ventilation air conditioner variable air volume control system based on generator set temperature infrared image recognition and an intelligent adjusting method thereof. The hydropower station generator room ventilation air conditioner variable air volume control system comprises a data monitoring system, a data transmission system, a controller system and an execution system. And each region can be independently adjusted according to the state of the generator set, and can be cooperatively regulated and controlled with the controller of the adjacent region, so that the required full supply is realized, and the regulation and control are accurate. The running state of the generator set is determined by obtaining the infrared image information of the generator set, the relation between the air conditioning system and the generator set is increased, the air conditioning system can respond to the running state change of the generator set in time, and the situation that when the generator set stops, the air supply tail end of the corresponding area still runs is avoided; therefore, energy waste and maintenance cost increase are caused. According to the system, the pumped storage power station variable air volume air-conditioning system can be regulated and controlled in real time to a greater extent according to the operation state of the generator set, and the intelligence and precision of the control of the variable air volume air-conditioning system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of terminal equipment technology for HVAC systems in power production facilities, specifically to a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature and its intelligent adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage power stations are facilities that store and release energy using the water level difference between upper and lower reservoirs, playing a role in peak shaving and valley filling in the power system. However, because pumped storage power stations are equipped with large generator sets, these devices generate a large amount of heat during operation, especially during prolonged high-load operation. If heat dissipation is not effective, it may lead to overheating, affecting performance or even causing damage. Traditional pumped storage power station main rooms use fixed air volume or manually adjusted air volume for temperature control. However, when the operating status of the generator sets changes, traditional ventilation and air conditioning systems often cannot adjust quickly, potentially leading to excessively high generator set temperatures. Furthermore, when the generator sets are shut down, the corresponding air supply terminals in the corresponding areas continue to operate, resulting in energy waste and increased maintenance costs. In addition, existing pumped storage power station main rooms lack real-time acquisition of the actual temperature distribution of the generator sets. Placing a large number of temperature sensors in the high-ceilinged main room would not only increase costs significantly but also fail to effectively reflect the true temperature conditions of the generator sets. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption in existing ventilation and air conditioning systems due to the lack of effective monitoring of dynamic changes in generator set temperature, this invention provides a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in hydropower station generator rooms based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator unit temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method. According to the spatial unit characteristics, thermodynamic consistency principle, and control feasibility principle, the ventilation and air conditioning system of the hydropower station generator room is divided into two types of building spaces: the controlled area and the air conditioning room. The controlled area is further divided into multiple zones centered on the generator unit. Infrared images of the generator unit are acquired through infrared monitoring equipment. The data monitoring system preprocesses the monitored image information and uploads the infrared image information to the controller system via a wireless communication transmission system. The zone controller then... Infrared images uploaded by infrared monitoring equipment within the area are compared with infrared images set for the generator set target. Then, a graph neural network model is used to obtain the temperature difference and temperature difference change information of key areas. The opening degree of the variable air volume terminal air valve is calculated by fuzzy control method. The air conditioning unit controller monitors the static pressure value of the supply air and adjusts the speed of the supply fan by PID method to meet the static pressure requirement of the supply air. When the temperature of the generator set in a single area does not meet the requirements, the air valves of adjacent supply air terminals can be opened to achieve coordinated control between areas. This reduces the energy consumption of the air conditioning system while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the generator set, achieving full supply and precise control.

[0005] The specific technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a variable air volume (VAV) control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator unit temperature. The system includes a data monitoring system, a data transmission system, a controller system, and an execution system. The data monitoring system includes infrared monitoring equipment, static pressure monitoring equipment, a first temperature monitoring equipment, and a second temperature monitoring equipment. The controller system includes a zone controller and an air conditioning unit controller. The execution system includes VAV terminals and air conditioning units.

[0007] The ventilation and air conditioning system of the hydropower station generator room is divided into two types of building spaces: the controlled area and the air conditioning room. The controlled area is divided into multiple areas with the generator set as the center. The air conditioning unit located in the air conditioning room has its air supply end connected to each area through air supply ducts.

[0008] Each zone includes infrared monitoring equipment, a data transmission system, a zone controller, and a variable air volume (VAV) terminal. The VAV terminal is connected to the air supply duct via an air supply branch. The input terminal of the infrared monitoring equipment is connected to the input terminal of the zone controller via the data transmission system. The output terminal of the zone controller is connected to the control terminal of the VAV terminal.

[0009] The air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning unit are each equipped with the first temperature monitoring device and the second temperature monitoring device, and the static pressure monitoring device is installed at the end of the air supply duct; the first temperature monitoring device, the second temperature monitoring device, and the static pressure monitoring device are all connected to the input terminal of the air conditioning unit controller; the output terminal of the air conditioning unit controller is connected to the control terminal of the air conditioning unit.

[0010] Each of the area controllers is communicatively connected to its neighboring area controllers, and each of the area controllers is also connected to the air conditioning unit controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the infrared monitoring equipment is installed on the walls on both sides of the generator set in the corresponding area, and the height is not lower than the height of the generator set, for monitoring the generator set in the area and identifying and acquiring infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set.

[0012] Furthermore, the static pressure monitoring device is installed at the point of lowest pressure in the air supply duct.

[0013] Furthermore, the first temperature monitoring device and the second temperature monitoring device are respectively installed at the outdoor air inlet and indoor air outlet of the air conditioning unit to monitor the outdoor air inlet temperature and the indoor air outlet temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, the division of regions follows the unified thermal disturbance response characteristics and equivalent thermal capacity matching criteria. Based on spatial characteristic dimensions, load characteristic dimensions, and dynamic response characteristics, it considers the dynamic balance between local perception and global optimization to meet the control domain coverage of the controller system.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: When the system startup command is issued, the control method begins to run step by step, proceeding to Step 2;

[0017] Step 2: Obtain outdoor air temperature information from the first temperature monitoring device installed at the air inlet of the air conditioning unit, and determine the unit's operating condition and the corresponding supply air temperature setpoint.

[0018] Step 3: The data monitoring system uses infrared monitoring equipment to monitor the temperature field of the generator set's outer surface in the area, and preprocesses the acquired infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field before uploading it to the corresponding area controller according to the area division principle.

[0019] Step 4: The regional controller compares the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the data monitoring system with the infrared image information of the temperature field in the stopped state using a graph neural network model. When the temperature field information is higher than that in the stopped state, the generator set is considered to be in the running state; otherwise, the generator set is considered to be in the stopped state.

[0020] Step 5: When the area controller detects that the generator set is in operation, open the variable air volume terminal valve in the area to 50% opening and proceed to step 6; when the area controller detects that the generator set is in shutdown state, close the variable air volume terminal valve and proceed to step 10. At this time, it can coordinate with the adjacent area controller for control.

[0021] Step 6: The area controller uses a graph neural network model to compare the uploaded infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field with the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the target generator set's outer surface temperature field. It obtains the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference of the generator set's outer surface temperature field, and uses a fuzzy control method to determine the optimal opening of the variable air volume terminal air valve, and adjusts the variable air volume terminal air valve to the optimal opening.

[0022] Step 7: The air conditioning unit controller communicates with each zone controller to obtain the opening status of the variable air volume terminal dampers in each zone, and optimizes the supply air static pressure setpoint to obtain the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint. The optimization method is as follows:

[0023] When a variable air volume (VAV) terminal damper that has reached the first ratio is close to fully open, increase the supply air static pressure setting value; when a VAV terminal damper that has reached the second ratio is close to 50% open, decrease the supply air static pressure setting value; when all VAV terminal dampers are between 50% and 90% open, maintain the supply air static pressure setting value.

[0024] Step 8: The air conditioning unit controller uses the static pressure monitoring equipment to obtain the real-time value of the supply air static pressure in the supply air duct. Based on the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint and the real-time supply air static pressure value, the controller adjusts the frequency of the air conditioning unit's supply fan so that the supply air static pressure meets the supply air static pressure setpoint.

[0025] Step 9: The air conditioning unit controller uses the second temperature monitoring device to obtain the real-time value of the supply air temperature in the supply air duct, and then uses the PID control method to adjust the water supply valve of the air conditioning unit according to the supply air temperature setpoint under the operating conditions of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume system, so that the real-time value of the air supply air temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its supply air temperature setpoint.

[0026] Step 10: The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it initiates a collaborative control request to the adjacent area controller to make its variable air volume terminal damper opening the same as the variable air volume terminal damper opening of the area. If the control requirements are still not met, the supply air temperature set value is reduced.

[0027] Step 11: If no system shutdown command is given, repeat steps 3 to 10 after a certain period of time.

[0028] Furthermore, in step 6, the fuzzy control method specifically includes:

[0029] Step 61: Compare the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the target generator set. Obtain the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference through the graph neural network model. Use this as the input variable of the fuzzy control process and use the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal air valve as the output variable of the fuzzy control process.

[0030] e(t) = T set (t)-T actual (t)(0.9)

[0031]

[0032] in:

[0033] T set (t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the target generator set at time t; T actual e(t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set at time t; e(t) represents the temperature difference at time t.

[0034] Δe(t) represents the change in temperature difference at time t; Δt represents the sampling time interval; e(t-Δt) represents the change in temperature difference at time t-Δt.

[0035] The opening adjustment amount u(t) ∈ [U] of the variable air volume terminal damper min U max ];U min U max These are the lower and upper limits of the damper opening adjustment amount, respectively;

[0036] Step 62: Divide the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference into multiple fuzzy sets, such as five fuzzy sets: negative large (NB), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), and positive large (PB). Similarly, divide the output variable, i.e. the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal damper, into multiple fuzzy sets.

[0037] Step 63: For the input variables, use the triangular membership function of formula (1.3) or the trapezoidal membership function of formula (1.4) to fuzzify them, while taking into account the actual operating temperature range to ensure that the boundary covers the actual operating range.

[0038]

[0039] Where: a, b, c, d are vertex position parameters; x is the input variable;

[0040] Step 64: Based on expert experience or experimental data, and by observing the combined trends of temperature difference and its changes, formulate reasonable fuzzy control rules, such as: R i :IFeis A i ANDΔe is B i THENu is C i The meaning is: fuzzy control rule R i If e(t) is A i Δe(t) is B i Then the output variable u(t) is C i ;

[0041] Step 65: Based on the established fuzzy control rules, use the fuzzy subset reasoning method to calculate the membership degree of the input variables in each fuzzy set. For each fuzzy control rule R... i The activation intensity α of the input (e0, Δe0) i :

[0042]

[0043] in: For the minimum value operation; μ Ai (e0) represents e0 passing the fuzzy control rule R. i The blurring result; μ Bi (Δe0) represents Δe0 passing through the fuzzy control rule R. i The fuzzification result; e0, Δe0, are the initial values ​​of e(t) and Δe(t), respectively;

[0044] Then, the output membership degrees triggered by each rule are combined using a maximum value operation to obtain the output membership degree. Each rule outputs a fuzzy set C′. i membership function

[0045]

[0046] Total output fuzzy set μ total (u) Combine all rule results using the maximum operation:

[0047]

[0048] Step 66: Using the centroid method for defuzzification, calculate the centroid of the output fuzzy set as the final control quantity, realizing the transformation from fuzzy quantity to control quantity, and obtaining the adjustment quantity u of the variable air volume terminal damper opening. * :

[0049]

[0050] This step is now complete.

[0051] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0052] The control system independently controls the area controllers of each area, while establishing communication between adjacent area controllers to achieve coordinated regulation between areas; the air conditioning unit controller establishes data interaction with each area controller to achieve global optimization and regulation of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system.

[0053] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0054] No fewer than two infrared monitoring devices should be used to monitor a single generator set to ensure the completeness of temperature data monitoring.

[0055] The air conditioning unit controller will adjust the supply air temperature setpoint only after the supply air volume of the air blower has reached the upper limit, adhering to the principle of adjusting the quantity first and then the quality. If the air conditioning unit controller collects infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of multiple generator sets in a single area at the same time, it will adjust the supply air volume of the air blower based on the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the highest temperature.

[0056] Furthermore, step 10 specifically involves:

[0057] The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it acquires the status of the air valves in adjacent areas. If the air valves are in standby mode, it initiates a neighboring area collaborative control request to make the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in the adjacent area the same as the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in this area, thereby achieving joint air supply, and then returns to step 8. If the air valves are in open mode, it sends a collaborative request to the air conditioning unit controller to optimize the air supply temperature setpoint, and then uses PID control to adjust the water supply valves of the air conditioning unit so that the real-time air supply temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its setpoint.

[0058] The present invention provides a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method, which has the following advantages:

[0059] A variable air volume (VAV) control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room, based on infrared image recognition of generator unit temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method, are disclosed. The system acquires infrared image information of the generator unit through an infrared monitoring system and uploads this information to the controller system via a wireless communication transmission system. The area controller compares the infrared images uploaded by the monitoring devices within its area with the target infrared images of the generator unit. A graph neural network model is used to obtain the temperature difference and its changes in key areas within the infrared images. A fuzzy control algorithm is then used to regulate the opening of the VAV terminal dampers. Simultaneously, the air conditioning unit controller monitors the supply air static pressure and supply and return air temperatures in real time, using PID control to adjust the speed of the air conditioning unit's supply fan and the opening of the water supply valve. Each area can be independently adjusted based on the generator unit's status, or it can coordinate with adjacent area controllers to achieve full supply and precise control. This system enables greater real-time control of the VAV air conditioning system in pumped storage power stations based on the generator unit's operating status, improving the intelligence and precision of the VAV air conditioning system control. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method, provided by the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture layout of a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method provided by the present invention.

[0063] Figure 4 This invention provides a control logic diagram for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method.

[0064] Figure 5 This is the control logic diagram of the variable air volume terminal of the area controller provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0066] This invention obtains temperature data over a large area by real-time monitoring of the generator set's surface temperature distribution map, avoiding errors caused by single-point measurements and thus achieving a more precise and efficient temperature control strategy. Furthermore, this invention effectively combines temperature information with the variable air volume control of the ventilation and air conditioning system to achieve energy saving and efficiency improvement. Moreover, this invention uses the generator set's real-time temperature to control the airflow and temperature of the air conditioning system, while also increasing the collaborative control capability between adjacent areas.

[0067] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, including a data monitoring system, a data transmission system, a controller system, and an execution system; such as Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, 1 represents the data monitoring system, 2 represents the data transmission system, 3 represents the controller system, and 4 represents the execution system. The data monitoring system includes infrared monitoring equipment, static pressure monitoring equipment, a first temperature monitoring equipment, and a second temperature monitoring equipment; the controller system includes a zone controller and an air conditioning unit controller; and the execution system includes variable air volume terminals and air conditioning units.

[0068] In this invention, based on spatial unit characteristics, thermodynamic consistency principles, and control feasibility principles, the ventilation and air conditioning system of the hydropower station generator room is divided into two types of building spaces: the controlled area and the air conditioning room. The controlled area is further divided into multiple zones centered on the generator unit. The zone division follows unified thermal disturbance response characteristics and equivalent heat capacity matching criteria. Based on spatial characteristic dimensions, load characteristic dimensions, and dynamic response characteristics, a dynamic balance between local perception and global optimization is considered to satisfy the control domain coverage of the controller system. The air conditioning units located in the air conditioning room have their air supply ends connected to each zone via air supply ducts.

[0069] Each zone includes infrared monitoring equipment, a data transmission system, a zone controller, and variable air volume (VAV) terminals. The VAV terminals are connected to the air supply duct via air supply branches. The input of the infrared monitoring equipment is connected to the input of the zone controller via the data transmission system. The output of the zone controller is connected to the control terminal of the VAV terminals. The infrared monitoring equipment acquires infrared images of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set. The data transmission system uploads the data from the monitoring system to the zone controller via wireless or wired means. The zone controller compares and calculates the uploaded infrared image information with the target set temperature field information, and adjusts the VAV terminals in the execution system based on the deviation information between the two using a fuzzy control method.

[0070] The infrared monitoring equipment should be installed on the walls on both sides of the generator set in the corresponding area, and the height should not be lower than the height of the generator set. It is used to monitor the generator set in the area, identify and acquire infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set, and upload the monitoring information to the controller system through the data transmission system.

[0071] The air conditioning unit is equipped with a first temperature monitoring device and a second temperature monitoring device at its air inlet and air outlet, respectively. A static pressure monitoring device is installed at the end of the air supply duct. Preferably, the static pressure monitoring device is installed at the point of lowest pressure in the air supply duct. The first temperature monitoring device and the second temperature monitoring device are respectively installed at the outdoor air inlet and indoor air outlet of the air conditioning unit to effectively monitor the outdoor air inlet temperature and the indoor air supply temperature. The first temperature monitoring device, the second temperature monitoring device, and the static pressure monitoring device are all connected to the input terminal of the air conditioning unit controller. The output terminal of the air conditioning unit controller is connected to the control terminal of the air conditioning unit.

[0072] Each of the area controllers is communicatively connected to its neighboring area controllers, and each of the area controllers is also connected to the air conditioning unit controller.

[0073] Therefore, infrared monitoring equipment in each area acquires infrared images of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set. The data transmission system uploads the data from the data monitoring system to the area controller via wireless or wired means. The area controller compares and calculates the uploaded infrared image information with the target set temperature field information, and adjusts the variable air volume terminal in the execution system based on the deviation information between the two using a fuzzy control method. Each area can be adjusted independently according to the generator set status, or it can be coordinated with adjacent area controllers. In the air conditioning equipment area, static pressure monitoring equipment acquires the supply air static pressure value, and temperature monitoring equipment acquires the supply air temperature and inlet air temperature. The data from the data monitoring system is uploaded to the air conditioning unit controller via wireless or wired means. The air conditioning unit controller adjusts the fan speed and water supply valve opening of the air conditioning unit based on the supply air static pressure and supply air temperature.

[0074] In this invention, the control system contains a graph neural network model, which includes, but is not limited to, graph convolutional neural networks, graph attention neural networks, and graph recurrent networks. This model can process infrared images to obtain temperature differences and temperature difference changes in key areas of the infrared images.

[0075] The control system allows for independent control of each area, while communication can be established between adjacent area controllers to achieve coordinated control between areas. Data exchange is also established between the air conditioning unit controller and the area controllers to achieve global control of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system.

[0076] The division of the control area in the control system and its intelligent adjustment method follows the unified thermal disturbance response characteristics and equivalent thermal capacity matching criteria; it is based on the spatial characteristic dimension, load characteristic dimension and dynamic response characteristics; it considers the dynamic balance between local perception and global optimization, and meets the control domain coverage of the actuator.

[0077] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the longitudinal layout of a variable air volume (VAV) control method for a pumped-storage power station's main control room ventilation and air conditioning system based on generator set temperature infrared image recognition. This diagram represents a preferred arrangement of the invention in the main control room of a pumped-storage power station, placing the infrared monitoring equipment on both side walls of the main control room. This ensures effective data monitoring without affecting the normal use of the space. Wireless communication is used to connect the controller to the VAV terminal actuator and the infrared monitoring equipment, significantly reducing the complexity of the on-site setup.

[0078] After describing the system structure of this invention, the following will be discussed in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 3 The implementation steps of this invention will be explained in detail. Figure 4 This is a control logic diagram of a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature and its intelligent adjustment method. Figure 5 This is the logic diagram for the air supply volume control of the area controller. The process includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: When the system startup command is issued, the control method begins to run step by step, proceeding to Step 2;

[0080] Step 2: Obtain outdoor air temperature information from the first temperature monitoring device installed at the air inlet of the air conditioning unit, and determine the unit's operating condition and the corresponding supply air temperature setpoint.

[0081] Step 3: The data monitoring system uses infrared monitoring equipment to monitor the temperature field of the generator set's outer surface in the area, and preprocesses the acquired infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field before uploading it to the corresponding area controller according to the area division principle.

[0082] Step 4: The regional controller compares the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the data monitoring system with the infrared image information of the temperature field in the stopped state using a graph neural network model. When the temperature field information is higher than that in the stopped state, the generator set is considered to be in the running state; otherwise, the generator set is considered to be in the stopped state.

[0083] Step 5: When the area controller detects that the generator set is in operation, open the variable air volume terminal valve in the area to 50% opening and proceed to step 6; when the area controller detects that the generator set is in shutdown state, close the variable air volume terminal valve and proceed to step 10. At this time, it can coordinate with the adjacent area controller for control.

[0084] Step 6: The area controller uses a graph neural network model to compare the uploaded infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field with the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the target generator set's outer surface temperature field. It obtains the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference of the generator set's outer surface temperature field, and uses a fuzzy control method to determine the optimal opening of the variable air volume terminal air valve, and adjusts the variable air volume terminal air valve to the optimal opening.

[0085] See Figure 5 In step 6, the fuzzy control method is specifically as follows:

[0086] Step 61: Compare the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the target generator set. Obtain the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference through the graph neural network model. Use this as the input variable of the fuzzy control process and use the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal air valve as the output variable of the fuzzy control process.

[0087] e(t) = T set (t)-T actual (t)(0.17)

[0088]

[0089] in:

[0090] T set (t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the target generator set at time t; T actual e(t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set at time t; e(t) represents the temperature difference at time t.

[0091] Δe(t) represents the change in temperature difference at time t; Δt represents the sampling time interval; e(t-Δt) represents the change in temperature difference at time t-Δt.

[0092] The opening adjustment amount u(t) ∈ [U] of the variable air volume terminal damper min U max ];U min U max These are the lower and upper limits of the damper opening adjustment amount, respectively;

[0093] Step 62: Divide the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference into multiple fuzzy sets, such as five fuzzy sets: negative large (NB), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), and positive large (PB). Similarly, divide the output variable, i.e. the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal damper, into multiple fuzzy sets.

[0094] Step 63: For the input variables, use the triangular membership function of formula (1.3) or the trapezoidal membership function of formula (1.4) to fuzzify them, while taking into account the actual operating temperature range to ensure that the boundary covers the actual operating range.

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Where: a, b, c, d are vertex position parameters; x is the input variable;

[0098] Step 64: Based on expert experience or experimental data, and by observing the combined trends of temperature difference and its changes, formulate reasonable fuzzy control rules, such as: R i :IFeis A i ANDΔe is B i THENu is C i The meaning is: fuzzy control rule R i If e(t) is A i Δe(t) is B i Then the output variable u(t) is C i ;

[0099] Step 65: Based on the established fuzzy control rules, use the fuzzy subset reasoning method to calculate the membership degree of the input variables in each fuzzy set. For each fuzzy control rule R... i The activation intensity α of the input (e0, Δe0) i :

[0100]

[0101] in: For the minimum operation (min); μ Ai (e0) represents e0 passing the fuzzy control rule R. i The blurring result; μ Bi (Δe0) represents Δe0 passing through the fuzzy control rule R. i The fuzzification result; e0, Δe0, are the initial values ​​of e(t) and Δe(t), respectively;

[0102] Then, the output membership degrees triggered by each rule are combined using a maximum value operation to obtain the output membership degree. Each rule outputs a fuzzy set C′. i membership function

[0103]

[0104] Total output fuzzy set μ total (u) Combine all rule results by taking the maximum (max) operation:

[0105]

[0106] Step 66: Using the centroid method for defuzzification, calculate the centroid of the output fuzzy set as the final control quantity, realizing the transformation from fuzzy quantity to control quantity, and obtaining the adjustment quantity u of the variable air volume terminal damper opening. * :

[0107]

[0108] This step is now complete.

[0109] Step 7: The air conditioning unit controller communicates with each zone controller to obtain the opening status of the variable air volume terminal dampers in each zone, and optimizes the supply air static pressure setpoint to obtain the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint. The optimization method is as follows:

[0110] When a variable air volume (VAV) terminal damper that has reached the first ratio is close to fully open, increase the supply air static pressure setting value; when a VAV terminal damper that has reached the second ratio is close to 50% open, decrease the supply air static pressure setting value; when all VAV terminal dampers are between 50% and 90% open, maintain the supply air static pressure setting value.

[0111] Step 8: The air conditioning unit controller uses the static pressure monitoring equipment to obtain the real-time value of the supply air static pressure in the supply air duct. Based on the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint and the real-time supply air static pressure value, the controller adjusts the frequency of the air conditioning unit's supply fan so that the supply air static pressure meets the supply air static pressure setpoint.

[0112] Step 9: The air conditioning unit controller uses the second temperature monitoring device to obtain the real-time value of the supply air temperature in the supply air duct, and then uses the PID control method to adjust the water supply valve of the air conditioning unit according to the supply air temperature setpoint under the operating conditions of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume system, so that the real-time value of the air supply air temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its supply air temperature setpoint.

[0113] Step 10: The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it initiates a collaborative control request to the adjacent area controller to make its variable air volume terminal damper opening the same as the variable air volume terminal damper opening of the area. If the control requirements are still not met, the supply air temperature set value is reduced.

[0114] Step 10 specifically involves:

[0115] The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it acquires the status of the air valves in adjacent areas. If the air valves are in standby mode, it initiates a neighboring area collaborative control request to make the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in the adjacent area the same as the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in this area, thereby achieving joint air supply, and then returns to step 8. If the air valves are in open mode, it sends a collaborative request to the air conditioning unit controller to optimize the air supply temperature setpoint, and then uses PID control to adjust the water supply valves of the air conditioning unit so that the real-time air supply temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its setpoint.

[0116] Step 11: If no system shutdown command is given, repeat steps 3 to 10 after a certain period of time.

[0117] In this invention, the control system independently controls the area controllers of each area, while adjacent area controllers can establish communication to achieve coordinated regulation between areas; the air conditioning unit controller also establishes data interaction with each area controller to achieve global optimization regulation of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system.

[0118] In this invention, the division of the control area follows the unified thermal disturbance response characteristics and equivalent thermal capacity matching criteria; it is based on spatial characteristic dimensions, load characteristic dimensions and dynamic response characteristics; and it considers the dynamic balance between local perception and global optimization to meet the control domain coverage of the actuator.

[0119] In this invention, at least two infrared monitoring devices should be used to monitor a single generator set to ensure the completeness of temperature data monitoring; the air conditioning unit controller will only adjust the air supply temperature setpoint after adjusting the air supply fan to the upper limit, adhering to the principle of adjusting quantity first and then quality; if the air conditioning unit controller collects infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of multiple generator sets in a single area, the air supply fan will be adjusted according to the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the highest temperature.

[0120] The following is an example:

[0121] like Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, and its intelligent adjustment method, including the following steps:

[0122] Step 301: When the system start command is issued, the control method is started to run step by step, and then proceed to step 302;

[0123] Step 302: Obtain outdoor air temperature information from the air inlet temperature monitoring equipment of the air conditioning unit, determine the unit's operating condition and corresponding supply air temperature setpoint. Based on the outdoor temperature, the unit is divided into three operating conditions: summer cooling condition, winter heating condition, and transitional season condition. The supply air temperatures are 16℃ and 30℃, respectively. No temperature setpoint is adjusted during the transitional season.

[0124] Step 303: The data monitoring system uses infrared monitoring equipment to monitor the temperature field of the outer surface of the generator sets in the area, and preprocesses the acquired infrared image information of the generator sets' exterior, and then uploads it to the corresponding area controller according to the area division principle.

[0125] Step 304: The regional controller compares the infrared image of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the data monitoring system with the infrared image of the temperature field in the stopped state using a graph neural network model. When the temperature field is higher than that in the stopped state, the generator set is considered to be in operation; otherwise, the generator set is considered to be in shutdown state.

[0126] Step 305: When the area controller detects that the generator set is in operation, it opens the variable air volume terminal air valve in the area to 50% opening and proceeds to step 306; when the area controller detects that the generator set is in shutdown state, it closes the variable air volume terminal air valve and proceeds to step 310. At this time, it can coordinate with the adjacent area controller for control.

[0127] Step 306: The area controller uses a graph neural network model to further process the uploaded infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field, and compares it with the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field and the infrared image information of the target generator set's temperature field at the previous moment to obtain the temperature change difference and the amount of temperature difference change of the generator set's outer surface temperature field. The optimal opening degree of the variable air volume terminal air valve is determined by the methods of variable fuzzification, membership function selection, fuzzy control rule establishment, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification in the fuzzy control strategy.

[0128] Step 307: The air conditioning unit controller communicates with each area controller to obtain the opening status of the variable air volume terminal dampers in each area. When some valves are close to fully open, the system static pressure setting is increased; when some valves are close to 50% open, the system static pressure setting is decreased; and when all variable air volume terminal dampers in the open state are between 50% and 90% open, the original system static pressure setting is maintained.

[0129] Step 308: The air conditioning unit controller uses the static pressure monitoring equipment in the data monitoring system to obtain the real-time parameters of the supply air static pressure in the air supply duct. Based on the optimized system static pressure setpoint and the real-time supply air static pressure, the air conditioning unit controller uses the PID control method to determine the speed of the air conditioning unit variable frequency fan, so as to change the total air volume of the system and make the supply air static pressure meet the system static pressure setpoint.

[0130] Step 309: The air conditioning unit controller uses the temperature monitoring equipment in the data monitoring system to monitor the supply air temperature in the supply air duct in real time. Then, based on the supply air temperature setpoint under the operating conditions of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume system, the PID control method is used to adjust the opening of the water supply valve of the air conditioning unit so that the supply air temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its setpoint.

[0131] Step 310: The area controller continuously acquires the generator set external surface temperature field information uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set external surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it initiates a collaborative control request to the adjacent area controller to make its variable air volume terminal valve opening the same as that of the variable air volume terminal in the area. If the control requirements are still not met, the supply air temperature set value is reduced.

[0132] Step 311: If there is no system shutdown command, repeat steps 303 to 310 after a period of time.

[0133] This invention proposes a variable air volume (VAV) control system for the ventilation and air conditioning system of a pumped storage power station's main room based on infrared image recognition of generator unit temperature. The system structure includes a data monitoring system, a data transmission system, a controller system, and an execution system. The data monitoring system consists of infrared monitoring equipment, static pressure monitoring equipment, and temperature monitoring equipment. The controller system comprises a zone controller and an air conditioning unit controller. The execution system consists of VAV terminals and air conditioning units. The infrared monitoring system acquires infrared image information from the generator unit and uploads this information to the controller system via a wireless communication transmission system. The zone controller compares the infrared images uploaded by the monitoring equipment within its zone with the target infrared image of the generator unit. It uses a graph neural network model to obtain temperature distribution and temperature change information for key areas in the infrared images and then uses a fuzzy control algorithm to determine the adjustment amount of the VAV terminal valves. Simultaneously, the air conditioning unit controller monitors the supply air static pressure and supply and return air temperatures in real time and uses a PID control method to adjust the air conditioning unit's fan speed and water supply valve opening. Each zone can be independently adjusted according to the generator unit's status or coordinated with adjacent zone controllers to achieve full supply and precise control. Compared to existing technologies, this invention determines the operating status of the generator set by acquiring infrared image information, increasing the connection between the air conditioning system and the generator set. This allows the air conditioning system to respond promptly to changes in the generator set's operating status, preventing energy waste and increased maintenance costs caused by the corresponding air supply terminals continuing to operate when the generator set is shut down. This system enables greater real-time control of the variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning system in pumped storage power stations based on the generator set's operating status, improving the intelligence and precision of VAV air conditioning system control.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, characterized in that, It includes a data monitoring system, a data transmission system, a controller system, and an execution system; the data monitoring system includes infrared monitoring equipment, static pressure monitoring equipment, a first temperature monitoring equipment, and a second temperature monitoring equipment; the controller system includes a zone controller and an air conditioning unit controller; the execution system includes variable air volume terminals and air conditioning units. The ventilation and air conditioning system of the hydropower station generator room is divided into two types of building spaces: the controlled area and the air conditioning room. The controlled area is divided into multiple areas with the generator set as the center. The air conditioning unit located in the air conditioning room has its air supply end connected to each area through air supply ducts. Each zone includes infrared monitoring equipment, a data transmission system, a zone controller, and a variable air volume (VAV) terminal. The VAV terminal is connected to the air supply duct via an air supply branch. The input terminal of the infrared monitoring equipment is connected to the input terminal of the zone controller via the data transmission system. The output terminal of the zone controller is connected to the control terminal of the VAV terminal. The air inlet and outlet of the air conditioning unit are each equipped with the first temperature monitoring device and the second temperature monitoring device, and the static pressure monitoring device is installed at the end of the air supply duct; the first temperature monitoring device, the second temperature monitoring device, and the static pressure monitoring device are all connected to the input terminal of the air conditioning unit controller; the output terminal of the air conditioning unit controller is connected to the control terminal of the air conditioning unit. Each of the area controllers is communicatively connected to its neighboring area controllers, and each of the area controllers is also connected to the air conditioning unit controller.

2. The variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The infrared monitoring equipment is installed on the walls on both sides of the generator set in the corresponding area, and its height is not lower than that of the generator set. It is used to monitor the generator set in the area and identify and acquire infrared image information of the temperature field of the outer surface of the generator set.

3. The variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The static pressure monitoring device is installed at the point of lowest pressure in the air supply duct.

4. The variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The first temperature monitoring device and the second temperature monitoring device are respectively installed at the outdoor air inlet and the indoor air outlet of the air conditioning unit to monitor the outdoor air inlet temperature and the indoor air outlet temperature.

5. A variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The division of regions follows the unified thermal disturbance response characteristics and equivalent thermal capacity matching criteria. Based on spatial characteristic dimensions, load characteristic dimensions and dynamic response characteristics, it considers the dynamic balance between local perception and global optimization to meet the control domain coverage of the controller system.

6. A method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the system startup command is issued, the control method begins to run step by step, proceeding to Step 2; Step 2: Obtain outdoor air temperature information from the first temperature monitoring device installed at the air inlet of the air conditioning unit, and determine the unit's operating condition and the corresponding supply air temperature setpoint. Step 3: The data monitoring system uses infrared monitoring equipment to monitor the temperature field of the generator set's outer surface in the area, and preprocesses the acquired infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field before uploading it to the corresponding area controller according to the area division principle. Step 4: The regional controller compares the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the data monitoring system with the infrared image information of the temperature field in the stopped state using a graph neural network model. When the temperature field information is higher than that in the stopped state, the generator set is considered to be in the running state; otherwise, the generator set is considered to be in the stopped state. Step 5: When the area controller detects that the generator set is in operation, open the variable air volume terminal valve in the area to 50% opening and proceed to step 6; when the area controller detects that the generator set is in shutdown state, close the variable air volume terminal valve and proceed to step 10. At this time, it can coordinate with the adjacent area controller for control. Step 6: The area controller uses a graph neural network model to compare the uploaded infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field with the infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the target generator set's outer surface temperature field. It obtains the temperature difference value and the change amount of the temperature difference value of the generator set's outer surface temperature field, and uses a fuzzy control method to determine the optimal opening degree of the variable air volume terminal air valve, and adjusts the variable air volume terminal air valve to the optimal opening degree. Step 7: The air conditioning unit controller communicates with each zone controller to obtain the opening status of the variable air volume terminal dampers in each zone, and optimizes the supply air static pressure setpoint to obtain the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint. The optimization method is as follows: When a variable air volume (VAV) terminal damper that has reached the first ratio is close to fully open, increase the supply air static pressure setting value; when a VAV terminal damper that has reached the second ratio is close to 50% open, decrease the supply air static pressure setting value; when all VAV terminal dampers are between 50% and 90% open, maintain the supply air static pressure setting value. Step 8: The air conditioning unit controller uses the static pressure monitoring equipment to obtain the real-time value of the supply air static pressure in the supply air duct. Based on the optimized supply air static pressure setpoint and the real-time supply air static pressure value, the controller adjusts the frequency of the air conditioning unit's supply fan so that the supply air static pressure meets the supply air static pressure setpoint. Step 9: The air conditioning unit controller uses the second temperature monitoring device to obtain the real-time value of the supply air temperature in the supply air duct, and then uses the PID control method to adjust the water supply valve of the air conditioning unit according to the supply air temperature setpoint under the operating conditions of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume system, so that the real-time value of the air supply air temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its supply air temperature setpoint. Step 10: The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it initiates a collaborative control request to the adjacent area controller to make its variable air volume terminal damper opening the same as the variable air volume terminal damper opening of the area. If the control requirements are still not met, the supply air temperature set value is reduced. Step 11: If no system shutdown command is given, repeat steps 3 to 10 after a certain period of time.

7. The method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... In step 6, the fuzzy control method is specifically as follows: Step 61: Compare the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set at the previous moment and the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the target generator set. Obtain the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference through the graph neural network model. Use this as the input variable of the fuzzy control process and use the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal air valve as the output variable of the fuzzy control process. e(t)=T set (t)-T actual (t) (0.1) in: T set (t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the target generator set at time t; T actual e(t) represents the infrared image information of the temperature field on the outer surface of the generator set at time t; e(t) represents the temperature difference at time t. Δe(t) represents the change in temperature difference at time t; Δt represents the sampling time interval; e(t-Δt) represents the change in temperature difference at time t-Δt. The opening adjustment amount u(t) ∈ [U] of the variable air volume terminal damper min U max ];U min U max These are the lower and upper limits of the damper opening adjustment amount, respectively; Step 62: Divide the temperature difference and the change in temperature difference into multiple fuzzy sets, such as five fuzzy sets: negative large (NB), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), and positive large (PB). Similarly, divide the output variable, i.e. the opening adjustment of the variable air volume terminal damper, into multiple fuzzy sets. Step 63: For the input variables, use the triangular membership function of formula (1.3) or the trapezoidal membership function of formula (1.4) to fuzzify them, while taking into account the actual operating temperature range to ensure that the boundary covers the actual operating range. Where: a, b, c, d are vertex position parameters; x is the input variable; Step 64: Based on expert experience or experimental data, and by observing the combined trends of temperature difference and its changes, formulate reasonable fuzzy control rules, such as: R i :IFeis A i ANDΔe is B i THENu is C i The meaning is: fuzzy control rule R i If e(t) is A i Δe(t) is B i Then the output variable u(t) is C i ; Step 65: Based on the established fuzzy control rules, use the fuzzy subset reasoning method to calculate the membership degree of the input variables in each fuzzy set. For each fuzzy control rule R... i The activation intensity α of the input (e0, Δe0) i : in: For the minimum value operation; μ Ai (e0) represents e0 passing the fuzzy control rule R. i The blurring result; μ Bi (Δe0) represents Δe0 passing through the fuzzy control rule R. i The fuzzification result; e0, Δe0, are the initial values ​​of e(t) and Δe(t), respectively; Then, the output membership degrees triggered by each rule are combined using a maximum value operation to obtain the output membership degree. Each rule outputs a fuzzy set C. i Membership function of ′ Total output fuzzy set μ total (u) Combine all rule results using the maximum operation: Step 66: Using the centroid method for defuzzification, calculate the centroid of the output fuzzy set as the final control quantity, realizing the transformation from fuzzy quantity to control quantity, and obtaining the adjustment quantity u of the variable air volume terminal damper opening. * : This step is now complete.

8. The method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... Also includes: The control system independently controls the area controllers of each area, while establishing communication between adjacent area controllers to achieve coordinated regulation between areas. Data interaction is established between the air conditioning unit controller and the controllers of each area to achieve global optimization and control of the ventilation and air conditioning variable air volume control system.

9. A method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... Also includes: No fewer than two infrared monitoring devices should be used to monitor a single generator set to ensure the completeness of temperature data monitoring. The air conditioning unit controller will adjust the supply air temperature setpoint only after the supply air volume of the air blower has reached the upper limit, adhering to the principle of adjusting the quantity first and then the quality. If the air conditioning unit controller collects infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of multiple generator sets in a single area at the same time, it will adjust the supply air volume of the air blower based on the infrared image information of the outer surface temperature field of the generator set with the highest temperature.

10. A method for a variable air volume control system for ventilation and air conditioning in a hydropower station generator room based on infrared image recognition of generator set temperature, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... Step 10 specifically involves: The area controller continuously acquires infrared image information of the generator set's outer surface temperature field uploaded by the infrared monitoring equipment. If the generator set's outer surface temperature does not meet the control requirements for a long time, it acquires the status of the air valves in adjacent areas. If the air valves are in standby mode, it initiates a neighboring area collaborative control request to make the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in the adjacent area the same as the opening of the variable air volume terminal air valves in this area, thereby achieving joint air supply, and then returns to step 8. If the air valves are in open mode, it sends a collaborative request to the air conditioning unit controller to optimize the air supply temperature setpoint, and then uses PID control to adjust the water supply valves of the air conditioning unit so that the real-time air supply temperature of the air conditioning unit reaches its setpoint.

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