VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant coatings. The V element capable of forming VC is introduced into the iron-based coating and cooperates with Nb, the diffusion coefficient of V is large, the affinity with C is high, the nucleation potential barrier of VC is low, the number is large, the particle size is small, and the V element can serve as a heterogeneous nucleation core of NbC and form (Nb, V) C multi-element carbide with the NbC; the fine and dispersed (Nb, V) C has a pinning effect on austenite / martensite transformed grains at the grain boundary and in the grain, growth and grain boundary networking of coarse and large Cr-rich carbides are remarkably inhibited, and meanwhile, the probability of single NbC agglomeration is reduced. Therefore, a refined carbide network and a uniform fine grain structure which are continuous in grain boundary but not excessively communicated are obtained in the iron-based coating, stress concentration and interface falling tendency are weakened, and comprehensive improvement of wear resistance and crack resistance is achieved under the condition that overall hardness is not excessively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wear-resistant coating, in particular to a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Iron-based alloy coating has been widely used in wear-resistant parts such as engineering machinery, mining equipment and metallurgical rolls due to its low cost, good wear resistance and strong processing adaptability. Fe-Cr-C system is a commonly used base system of such coating, and under the rapid heating-cooling condition of laser cladding, a high volume fraction of Cr-rich carbides (such as M7C3 and M 23 C6) can be easily formed in situ. However, the existing technology has a coarse or continuous network of Cr-rich carbides at the grain boundary, which causes local organization embrittlement and stress concentration, and cracks are easily initiated and expanded along the grain boundary during service, resulting in a decrease in wear resistance and crack resistance stability. In order to inhibit grain boundary coarsening and refine the organization to improve wear resistance, the existing technology attempts to add strong carbide forming elements in the iron-based coating, such as adding niobium (Nb) to generate NbC hard phase in situ to enhance the coating. The addition of Nb alone has obvious content sensitivity: when the Nb content is low, the nucleation and dispersion of NbC are insufficient, it is difficult to effectively pin the grain boundary and inhibit the segregation of Cr and C along the grain boundary, and coarse Cr-rich carbides will still be formed and induce grain boundary cracks; when the Nb content is high, NbC is easy to agglomerate and grow into coarse particles or chain-like aggregates, which destroys the uniformity of the organization and causes interface peeling and falling under the action of load, thereby aggravating wear. When the Nb content is in the appropriate range, the grain size of chromium carbide can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the formation of crack sources at the grain boundary, and no NbC agglomeration phenomenon is observed, but the performance such as hardness and wear resistance of the coating reaches a bottleneck, and the performance of the iron-based alloy coating cannot be further improved. Therefore, how to comprehensively improve the wear resistance and crack resistance without relying on excessive increase in overall hardness has become a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating and a preparation method and application thereof, which can comprehensively improve the wear resistance and crack resistance without relying on excessive increase in overall hardness.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions: This invention provides a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating, which is prepared from raw materials comprising the following mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.4~3.5%; nickel powder: 0.3~0.6%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.05~1%; ferroniobium powder: 2~8%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.5~1%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10~12%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.5~3.5%; and the balance being iron powder.

[0005] Preferably, the nickel powder has a purity of ≥99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 1~12 μm; the iron powder is spherical iron powder with a purity of ≥99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm.

[0006] Preferably, by mass percentage, the ferromanganese powder comprises: Mn: 75-85%, C: 0.35-0.5%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 130-170 μm; the ferrovanadium powder comprises by mass percentage: V: 45-55%, Si: 0.85-1.05%, Al: 0.8-1.2%, C: 0.2-0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150-200 μm; the ferroniobium powder comprises by mass percentage: Nb: 64-70%, C: 0.05-0.15%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 130-170 μm. The particle size of the ferrosilicon powder is 80~120μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferrosilicon powder includes: Si: 70~75%, C: 0.03~0.06% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the ferrosilicon powder is 30~70μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder includes: Cr: 65~70%, C: 7.5~9% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder is 130~170μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder includes: Cr: 60~70%, C: 0.2~0.4% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder is 130~170μm.

[0007] This invention provides a method for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating described above, comprising the following steps: (1) Mix manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder to obtain a mixed powder; (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is laser clad to obtain a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating.

[0008] Preferably, the substrate used for laser cladding in step (2) is a 60CrMnMo substrate; the 60CrMnMo substrate undergoes rust removal and cleaning pretreatment before laser cladding.

[0009] Preferably, in step (2), the mixed powder is fed using a coaxial powder feeding module during laser cladding.

[0010] Preferably, the parameters of laser cladding in step (2) include: power of 1500~2000W, scanning speed of 8~10mm / s, powder feeder rotation speed of 6~8r / min, and overlap rate of 30~50%.

[0011] Preferably, the atmosphere for laser cladding in step (2) is a protective atmosphere; the flow rate of the protective atmosphere is 6~10L / min.

[0012] Preferably, the protective atmosphere is Ar gas.

[0013] This invention provides the application of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating described in the above technical solution or the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in engineering machinery, mining equipment and metallurgical rolls.

[0014] This invention provides a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating, prepared from raw materials comprising the following mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.4~3.5%; nickel powder: 0.3~0.6%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.05~1%; ferroniobium powder: 2~8%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.5~1%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10~12%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.5~3.5%; and the balance being iron powder. This invention introduces VC (vitamin dioxide) into the iron-based coating, which can form VC and synergize with Nb. V has a large diffusion coefficient and strong affinity for C. VC has a low nucleation barrier, is numerous, and has a small particle size, serving as a heterogeneous nucleation core for NbC and forming (Nb,V)C multi-component carbides. The fine, dispersed (Nb,V)C pins the austenitic / martensitic transformation grains at grain boundaries and within the grains, significantly inhibiting the growth of coarse, Cr-rich carbides and grain boundary networking, while simultaneously reducing the probability of single NbC agglomeration. Therefore, this invention enables iron-based coatings to obtain a refined carbide network with continuous but not excessively interconnected grain boundaries and a uniform fine-grained structure, reducing stress concentration and the tendency for interface detachment. This achieves a comprehensive improvement in wear resistance and crack resistance without relying on excessively increasing overall hardness. The results of the embodiments show that the Rockwell hardness of the VC-NbC synergistically strengthened iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by this invention is ≥60HRC, and the wear amount after 1 hour of wear is <3mg. Metallurgical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed no cracks in the microstructure of the VC-NbC synergistically strengthened iron-based wear-resistant coating. Furthermore, the (Nb,V)C multi-component carbides synergistically formed by Nb and V elements in the coating are uniformly and continuously distributed in the matrix and grain boundaries, showing a tendency to infiltrate the grains. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1Metallographic image of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1, magnified 1000 times; Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope (SEM) microstructure of the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1, magnified 5000 times. Figure 3 Metallographic image of the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 2, magnified 1000 times; Figure 4 The scanning electron microscope (SEM) microstructure of the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 2, magnified 5000 times. Figure 5 Metallographic image of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 3, magnified 1000 times; Figure 6 The scanning electron microscope (SEM) microstructure of the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 3, magnified 5000 times. Figure 7 Metallographic structure of the iron-based coating provided in Comparative Example 1, magnified 1000 times; Figure 8 The image shows a scanning electron microscope (SEM) microstructure of the iron-based coating provided for Comparative Example 1, magnified 5000 times. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This invention provides a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating, which is prepared from raw materials comprising the following mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.4~3.5%; nickel powder: 0.3~0.6%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.05~1%; ferroniobium powder: 2~8%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.5~1%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10~12%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.5~3.5%; and the balance being iron powder.

[0017] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include ferromanganese powder: 2.4~3.5%; the particle size of the ferromanganese powder is preferably 130~170μm. In the present invention, the composition of the ferromanganese powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: Mn: 75~85%, C: 0.35~0.5% and the balance Fe, more preferably: Mn: 80~81%, C: 0.45~0.49% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: Mn: 80.63%, C: 0.48% and the balance Fe. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the ferromanganese powder can be 2.4%, 2.48%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, or 3.5%; the particle size of the ferromanganese powder can be 130μm, 135μm, 140μm, 145μm, 150μm, 155μm, 160μm, 165μm, or 170μm. The present invention introduces manganese into the iron-based wear-resistant coating to form a solid solution, thereby improving the strength and hardness of the coating.

[0018] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by this invention, by mass percentage, include nickel powder: 0.3~0.6%; the particle size of the nickel powder is preferably 1~12μm. In this invention, the purity of the nickel powder is preferably ≥99.99wt.%. As one embodiment of this invention, the mass percentage of the nickel powder can be 0.3%, 0.32%, 0.35%, 0.38%, 0.4%, 0.42%, 0.45%, 0.48%, 0.5%, 0.52%, 0.55%, 0.58%, or 0.6%; the particle size of the nickel powder can be 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm, or 12μm. This invention, by introducing nickel into the iron-based wear-resistant coating, can significantly improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and process adaptability of the coating.

[0019] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include vanadium iron powder: 0.05~1%; the particle size of the vanadium iron powder is preferably 150~200μm. In the present invention, the composition of the vanadium iron powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: V: 45~55%, Si: 0.85~1.05%, Al: 0.8~1.2%, C: 0.2~0.3% and the balance Fe, more preferably: V: 48~51%, Si: 0.9~1.0%, Al: 0.85~1.0%, C: 0.24~0.28% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: V: 50.36%, Si: 0.95%, Al: 0.9%, C: 0.26% and the balance Fe. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the vanadium-iron powder can be 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.12%, 0.15%, 0.18%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, or 1%; the particle size of the vanadium-iron powder can be 150μm, 155μm, 160μm, 165μm, 170μm, 175μm, 180μm, 185μm, 190μm, 195μm, or 200μm.

[0020] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include 2-8% niobium iron powder; the particle size of the niobium iron powder is preferably 80-120 μm. In the present invention, the composition of the niobium iron powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: Nb: 64-70%, C: 0.05-0.15% and the balance Fe, more preferably: Nb: 66-68%, C: 0.08-0.12% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: Nb: 66.9%, C: 0.1% and the balance Fe. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the niobium iron powder can be 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.13%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5% or 8%; the particle size of the niobium iron powder can be 80μm, 85μm, 90μm, 95μm, 100μm, 105μm, 110μm, 115μm or 120μm.

[0021] This invention significantly refines the coating grains and improves the microstructure by adding vitamin V. The (Nb,V)C multi-component carbides formed by the synergistic effect of V and Nb have small and uniform particle sizes, effectively inhibiting grain growth and improving coating hardness. This increased hardness results in better wear resistance and crack resistance under high temperatures and high loads, enhancing the overall performance of the coating. Furthermore, the V element optimizes the carbide distribution, preventing agglomeration and further improving wear resistance. The coating exhibits superior wear resistance and long-term stability under extreme operating conditions. In the microstructure of the coating obtained by this invention, VC-NbC synergistically strengthens at grain boundaries, resulting in a refined microstructure and improved wear resistance.

[0022] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include ferrosilicon powder: 0.5~1%; the particle size of the ferrosilicon powder is preferably 30~70μm. In the present invention, the composition of the ferrosilicon powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: Si: 70~75%, C: 0.03~0.06% and the balance Fe, more preferably: Si: 73~74%, C: 0.04~0.05% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: Si: 73.46%, C: 0.05% and the balance Fe. As one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the ferrosilicon powder can be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.68%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% or 1%; the particle size of the ferrosilicon powder can be 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm, 50μm, 55μm, 60μm, 65μm or 70μm. This invention improves the hardness and wear resistance of iron-based wear-resistant coatings by introducing silicon into them.

[0023] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include 10-12% high-carbon ferrochrome powder; the particle size of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder is preferably 130-170 μm. In the present invention, the composition of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: Cr: 65-70%, C: 7.5-9% and the balance Fe, more preferably: Cr: 67-69%, C: 8.5-8.8% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: Cr: 68.57%, C: 8.67% and the balance Fe. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder can be 10%, 10.2%, 10.5%, 10.8%, 11%, 11.2%, 11.5%, 11.8%, or 12%; the particle size of the high-carbon ferrochrome powder can be 130μm, 135μm, 140μm, 145μm, 150μm, 155μm, 160μm, 165μm, or 170μm.

[0024] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by the present invention, by mass percentage, include 2.5-3.5% low-carbon ferrochrome powder; the particle size of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder is preferably 130-170 μm. In the present invention, the composition of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, preferably includes: Cr: 60-70%, C: 0.2-0.4% and the balance Fe, more preferably: Cr: 64-66%, C: 0.25-0.35% and the balance Fe, and even more preferably: Cr: 65.89%, C: 0.3% and the balance Fe. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder can be 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, or 3.5%; the particle size of the low-carbon ferrochrome powder can be 130μm, 135μm, 140μm, 145μm, 150μm, 155μm, 160μm, 165μm, or 170μm.

[0025] This invention achieves controllability of carbide formation and uniformity of structure by synergistically combining high-carbon ferrochrome powder and low-carbon ferrochrome powder, while maintaining a constant Cr content.

[0026] The raw materials for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating provided by this invention, by weight percentage, include the remainder iron powder. In this invention, the iron powder is preferably spherical iron powder; the purity of the iron powder is preferably ≥99.99 wt.%. In this invention, the iron powder mainly provides the matrix component of the coating.

[0027] This invention introduces a vitamin C (V) element into an iron-based coating, which can form vitamin C (VC) and synergize with nitrogen (Nb). V has a high diffusion coefficient and strong affinity for carbon (C). VC has a low nucleation barrier, is numerous, and has a small particle size, serving as a heterogeneous nucleation core for NbC and forming (Nb,V)C multi-component carbides. The fine, dispersed (Nb,V)C pins austenitic / martensitic transformation grains at grain boundaries and within the grains, significantly inhibiting the growth of coarse, Cr-rich carbides and grain boundary networking, while reducing the probability of single NbC agglomeration. Therefore, this invention enables iron-based coatings to achieve a refined carbide network with continuous but not excessively interconnected grain boundaries and a uniform, fine-grained structure, reducing stress concentration and interfacial spalling tendencies. This results in a comprehensive improvement in wear resistance and crack resistance without relying on excessively increasing overall hardness.

[0028] This invention provides a method for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating described above, comprising the following steps: (1) Mix manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder to obtain a mixed powder; (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is laser clad to obtain a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating.

[0029] This invention mixes ferromanganese powder, nickel powder, ferrovanadium powder, ferroniobium powder, ferrosilicon powder, high-carbon ferrochrome powder, low-carbon ferrochrome powder, and iron powder to obtain a mixed powder.

[0030] The present invention does not impose any special limitation on the specific mixing method, as long as the raw materials are mixed evenly.

[0031] After mixing, the present invention preferably further includes drying the mixed product to obtain a mixed powder. The present invention does not have specific limitations on the specific parameters of the drying process, as long as the mixed powder is dried to a constant weight. In one embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature can be 70°C; the drying time can be 2 hours.

[0032] After obtaining the mixed powder, the present invention performs laser cladding on the mixed powder to obtain a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating.

[0033] In this invention, the substrate used for laser cladding is preferably a 60CrMnMo substrate; the 60CrMnMo substrate is preferably subjected to rust removal and cleaning pretreatment before laser cladding. This invention does not impose any special limitations on the specific operations of the rust removal and cleaning pretreatment; any cleaning operation well-known to those skilled in the art can be used to completely remove impurities from the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate. As one embodiment of this invention, the rust removal and cleaning pretreatment can be as follows: using a laser rust remover to remove rust from the substrate surface, and then cleaning the rust-removed substrate surface with alcohol.

[0034] In this invention, the mixed powder during laser cladding is preferably fed using a coaxial powder feeding module.

[0035] In this invention, the laser cladding parameters preferably include: a power of 1500~2000W, a scanning speed of 8~10mm / s, a powder feeder rotation speed of 6~8r / min, and an overlap rate of 30~50%. As one embodiment of this invention, the power can be 1500W, 1550W, 1600W, 1650W, 1700W, 1750W, 1800W, 1850W, 1900W, 1950W, or 2000W; the scanning speed can be 8mm / s, 8.5mm / s, 9mm / s, 9.5mm / s, or 10mm / s; the powder feeder rotation speed can be 6r / min, 6.5r / min, 7r / min, 7.5r / min, or 8r / min; and the overlap rate can be 30%, 32%, 35%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 45%, 48%, or 50%.

[0036] In this invention, the atmosphere for laser cladding is preferably a protective atmosphere; the protective atmosphere is preferably Ar gas; the flow rate of the protective atmosphere is preferably 6~10 L / min, more preferably 7~9 L / min, and even more preferably 8 L / min.

[0037] The preparation method provided by this invention is simple. By simply mixing the raw materials and laser cladding, a high-performance wear-resistant coating can be obtained, which is conducive to large-scale industrial application.

[0038] The present invention also provides the application of the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating described in the above technical solution or the VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in engineering machinery, mining equipment and metallurgical rolls.

[0039] The present invention does not impose any special limitation on the specific application method, and any application method known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0040] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0041] Example 1 A VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.48%; nickel powder: 0.4%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.2%; ferroniobium powder: 6.13%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.68%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10.5%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.6%; and the balance being iron powder. By mass percentage, the composition of the ferromanganese powder is: Mn: 80.63%, C: 0.48%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the purity of the nickel powder is 99.99 wt.%, and the particle size is 1~12 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferrovanadium powder is: V: 50.36%, Si: 0.95%, Al: 0.9%, C: 0.26%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 180 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferroniobium powder is: Nb: 66.9%, C: 0.1%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 100 μm; by mass percentage... The ferrosilicon powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Si: 73.46%, C: 0.05%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 50 μm; the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 68.57%, C: 8.67%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the low-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 65.89%, C: 0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the iron powder is spherical, with a purity of 99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm; The preparation method of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating includes the following steps: (1) Manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder are mixed and dried at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder; (2) Use a laser rust remover to remove rust from the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate, then clean the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate after rust removal with alcohol, and then use a coaxial powder feeding module to perform laser cladding on the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate to obtain a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating; the parameters of the laser cladding are: power of 1600W, scanning speed of 8mm / s, powder feeder speed of 8r / min, and overlap rate of 50%; the atmosphere of the laser cladding is Ar gas with a flow rate of 6L / min.

[0042] The performance of the iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1 was tested, and the test methods and results are as follows: Hardness: The Rockwell hardness of the iron-based wear-resistant coating is 61.8 HRC; Wear resistance: The wear resistance test adopted pin-disc friction wear, with a load of 80N and a friction rate of 120r / min. The test sample size was 30×30×5mm, and the friction pair was YG6 tungsten carbide hard alloy ball with a diameter of 6.5mm. The sample was cleaned and dried before and after the test. Then, the weight loss was calculated by weighing with an analytical balance (weight loss before wear = weight before wear - weight after wear). The accuracy of the analytical balance was 0.0001g. The average friction coefficient of the iron-based alloy coating was measured to be 0.395. The weight of the sample before the wear test was 41.2476g, and the weight of the sample after the wear test was 41.2460g. The wear amount after 1 hour of wear was 1.6mg. Microstructure: The iron-based wear-resistant coating was observed using a metallographic microscope and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The metallographic microstructure at 1000x magnification and the scanning electron microscope microstructure at 5000x magnification are shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown; by Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that no cracks were found in the microstructure of the iron-based wear-resistant coating, and the (Nb,V)C multi-element carbides formed by Nb and V elements in the coating are uniformly and continuously distributed in the matrix and grain boundaries.

[0043] Example 2 A VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.48%; nickel powder: 0.4%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.45%; ferroniobium powder: 6.13%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.68%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10.5%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.6%; and the balance being iron powder. By mass percentage, the composition of the ferromanganese powder is: Mn: 80.63%, C: 0.48%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the purity of the nickel powder is 99.99 wt.%, and the particle size is 1~12 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferrovanadium powder is: V: 50.36%, Si: 0.95%, Al: 0.9%, C: 0.26%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 180 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferroniobium powder is: Nb: 66.9%, C: 0.1%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 100 μm; by mass percentage... The ferrosilicon powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Si: 73.46%, C: 0.05%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 50 μm; the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 68.57%, C: 8.67%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the low-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 65.89%, C: 0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the iron powder is spherical, with a purity of 99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm; The preparation method of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating includes the following steps: (1) Manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder are mixed and dried at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder; (2) Use a laser rust remover to remove rust from the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate, then clean the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate after rust removal with alcohol, and then use a coaxial powder feeding module to perform laser cladding on the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate to obtain a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating; the parameters of the laser cladding are: power of 1600W, scanning speed of 8mm / s, powder feeder speed of 8r / min, and overlap rate of 50%; the atmosphere of the laser cladding is Ar gas with a flow rate of 6L / min.

[0044] The performance of the iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 2 was tested, and the test methods and results are as follows: Hardness: The Rockwell hardness of the iron-based wear-resistant coating is 60.8 HRC; Wear resistance: The wear resistance test adopted pin-disc friction wear, with a load of 80N and a friction rate of 120r / min. The test sample size was 30×30×5mm, and the friction pair was YG6 tungsten carbide hard alloy ball with a diameter of 6.5mm. The sample was cleaned and dried before and after the test. Then, the weight loss was calculated by weighing with an analytical balance (weight loss before wear = weight before wear - weight after wear). The accuracy of the analytical balance was 0.0001g. The average friction coefficient of the iron-based alloy coating was measured to be 0.445. The weight of the sample before the wear test was 40.2576g, and the weight of the sample after the wear test was 40.2553g. The wear amount after 1 hour of wear was 2.3mg. Microstructure: The iron-based wear-resistant coating was observed using a metallographic microscope and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The metallographic microstructure at 1000x magnification and the scanning electron microscope microstructure at 5000x magnification are shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown; by Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that no cracks were found in the microstructure of the iron-based wear-resistant coating, and the (Nb,V)C multi-element carbides formed by Nb and V elements in the coating are uniformly and continuously distributed in the matrix and grain boundaries.

[0045] Example 3 A VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.48%; nickel powder: 0.4%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.9%; ferroniobium powder: 6.13%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.68%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10.5%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.6%; and the balance being iron powder. By mass percentage, the composition of the ferromanganese powder is: Mn: 80.63%, C: 0.48%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the purity of the nickel powder is 99.99 wt.%, and the particle size is 1~12 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferrovanadium powder is: V: 50.36%, Si: 0.95%, Al: 0.9%, C: 0.26%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 180 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferroniobium powder is: Nb: 66.9%, C: 0.1%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 100 μm; by mass percentage... The ferrosilicon powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Si: 73.46%, C: 0.05%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 50 μm; the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 68.57%, C: 8.67%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the low-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 65.89%, C: 0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the iron powder is spherical, with a purity of 99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm; The preparation method of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating includes the following steps: (1) Manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder are mixed and dried at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder; (2) Use a laser rust remover to remove rust from the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate, then clean the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate after rust removal with alcohol, and then use a coaxial powder feeding module to perform laser cladding on the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate to obtain a VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating; the parameters of the laser cladding are: power of 1600W, scanning speed of 8mm / s, powder feeder speed of 8r / min, and overlap rate of 50%; the atmosphere of the laser cladding is Ar gas with a flow rate of 6L / min.

[0046] The performance of the iron-based wear-resistant coating provided in Example 3 was tested, and the test methods and results are as follows: Hardness: The Rockwell hardness of the iron-based wear-resistant coating is 60.6 HRC; Wear resistance: The wear resistance test adopted pin-disc friction wear, with a load of 80N and a friction rate of 120r / min. The test sample size was 30×30×5mm, and the friction pair was YG6 tungsten carbide hard alloy ball with a diameter of 6.5mm. The sample was cleaned and dried before and after the test. Then, the weight loss was calculated by weighing with an analytical balance (weight loss before wear = weight before wear - weight after wear). The accuracy of the analytical balance was 0.0001g. The average friction coefficient of the iron-based alloy coating was measured to be 0.445. The weight of the sample before the wear test was 40.2069g, and the weight of the sample after the wear test was 40.2040g. The wear amount after 1 hour of wear was 2.9mg. Microstructure: The iron-based wear-resistant coating was observed using a metallographic microscope and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The metallographic microstructure at 1000x magnification and the scanning electron microscope microstructure at 5000x magnification are shown below. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown; by Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that no cracks were found in the microstructure of the iron-based wear-resistant coating, and the (Nb,V)C multi-element carbides formed by Nb and V elements in the coating are uniformly and continuously distributed in the matrix and grain boundaries, showing a tendency to move into the grain.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 An iron-based coating is prepared from the following raw materials in the indicated mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.48%; nickel powder: 0.4%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.01%; ferroniobium powder: 6.13%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.68%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10.5%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.6%; and the balance being iron powder. By mass percentage, the composition of the ferromanganese powder is: Mn: 80.63%, C: 0.48%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the purity of the nickel powder is 99.99 wt.%, and the particle size is 1~12 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferrovanadium powder is: V: 50.36%, Si: 0.95%, Al: 0.9%, C: 0.26%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 180 μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the ferroniobium powder is: Nb: 66.9%, C: 0.1%, and balance Fe, with a particle size of 100 μm; by mass percentage... The ferrosilicon powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Si: 73.46%, C: 0.05%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 50 μm; the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 68.57%, C: 8.67%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the low-carbon ferrochrome powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Cr: 65.89%, C: 0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150 μm; the iron powder is spherical, with a purity of 99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm; The method for preparing the iron-based coating comprises the following steps: (1) Manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder are mixed and dried at 70°C for 2 hours to obtain mixed powder; (2) Use a laser rust remover to remove rust from the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate, then clean the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate after rust removal with alcohol, and then use a coaxial powder feeding module to perform laser cladding on the surface of the 60CrMnMo substrate to obtain an iron-based coating; the parameters of the laser cladding are: power of 1600W, scanning speed of 8mm / s, powder feeder speed of 8r / min, and overlap rate of 50%; the atmosphere of the laser cladding is Ar gas with a flow rate of 6L / min.

[0048] The performance tests of the iron-based coating provided in Comparative Example 1 were conducted, and the test methods and results are as follows: Hardness: The Rockwell hardness of the iron-based coating is 55.8 HRC; Wear resistance: The wear resistance test adopted pin-disc friction wear, with a load of 80N and a friction rate of 120r / min. The test sample size was 30×30×5mm, and the friction pair was YG6 tungsten carbide hard alloy ball with a diameter of 6.5mm. The sample was cleaned and dried before and after the test. Then, the weight loss was calculated by weighing with an analytical balance (weight loss before wear = weight before wear - weight after wear). The accuracy of the analytical balance was 0.0001g. The average friction coefficient of the iron-based alloy coating was measured to be 0.395. The weight of the sample before the wear test was 40.1376g, and the weight of the sample after the wear test was 40.1212g. The wear amount after 1 hour of wear was 16.4mg. Microstructure: The iron-based coating was observed using a metallographic microscope and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The metallographic microstructure at 1000x magnification and the scanning electron microscope microstructure at 5000x magnification are shown below. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown; by Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that no cracks were found in the structure of the iron-based coating; however, with extremely low V content, NbC agglomerates were distributed at the grain boundaries.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A VC-NbC synergistic reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating, prepared from raw materials comprising the following mass percentages: ferromanganese powder: 2.4~3.5%; nickel powder: 0.3~0.6%; ferrovanadium powder: 0.05~1%; ferroniobium powder: 2~8%; ferrosilicon powder: 0.5~1%; high-carbon ferrochrome powder: 10~12%; low-carbon ferrochrome powder: 2.5~3.5% and the balance being iron powder.

2. The VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nickel powder has a purity of ≥99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 1~12 μm; the iron powder is spherical iron powder with a purity of ≥99.99 wt.% and a particle size of 53~150 μm.

3. The VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ferromanganese powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Mn: 75-85%, C: 0.35-0.5%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 130-170 μm; the ferrovanadium powder, by mass percentage, comprises: V: 45-55%, Si: 0.85-1.05%, Al: 0.8-1.2%, C: 0.2-0.3%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 150-200 μm; the ferroniobium powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Nb: 64-70%, C: 0.05-0.15%, and the balance Fe, with a particle size of 130-170 μm. The silicon iron powder has a particle size of 80~120μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the silicon iron powder includes: Si: 70~75%, C: 0.03~0.06% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the silicon iron powder is 30~70μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the high carbon ferrochrome powder includes: Cr: 65~70%, C: 7.5~9% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the high carbon ferrochrome powder is 130~170μm; by mass percentage, the composition of the low carbon ferrochrome powder includes: Cr: 60~70%, C: 0.2~0.4% and the balance Fe, and the particle size of the low carbon ferrochrome powder is 130~170μm.

4. The method for preparing the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Mix manganese iron powder, nickel powder, vanadium iron powder, niobium iron powder, silicon iron powder, high carbon chromium iron powder, low carbon chromium iron powder and iron powder to obtain a mixed powder; (2) The mixed powder obtained in step (1) is laser clad to obtain a VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The substrate used for laser cladding in step (2) is a 60CrMnMo substrate; the 60CrMnMo substrate is pretreated by rust removal and cleaning before laser cladding.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the mixed powder is fed using a coaxial powder feeding module during laser cladding.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameters for laser cladding in step (2) include: power of 1500~2000W, scanning speed of 8~10mm / s, powder feeder rotation speed of 6~8r / min, and overlap rate of 30~50%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the atmosphere for laser cladding is a protective atmosphere; the flow rate of the protective atmosphere is 6~10L / min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The protective atmosphere is Ar gas.

10. The application of the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the VC-NbC synergistically reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in engineering machinery, mining equipment and metallurgical rolls.

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