Air distribution dust control system and air distribution control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an air distribution dust control system and an air distribution control method, and relates to the technical field of underground dust removal. The positive pressure air duct assembly comprises an air distributor, and the air distributor is used for distributing part of airflow generated by an air source to the outside of the positive pressure air duct assembly; a negative pressure air duct assembly; the first air volume sensor is used for measuring the air volume flowing through the positive-pressure air duct assembly; the second air volume sensor is used for measuring the air volume flowing through the negative-pressure air duct assembly; the controller is used for balancing the air volume of the positive-pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative-pressure air duct assembly based on the air volume of the positive-pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative-pressure air duct assembly; the wind power provided by the wind source is adjusted through the wind distributor, so that the positive-pressure wind cylinder and the negative-pressure wind cylinder are kept balanced, and the situation that dust at the head-on position is blown up by redundant wind power transmitted by the positive-pressure wind cylinder, and the dust at the head-on position is diffused is effectively prevented. And the air distributor can generate a dust barrier during air distribution, so that dust is limited between the head-on part and the air distributor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground dust removal technology, and in particular to a dust control system and a dust control method for air distribution. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in coal mining intensity and the increasing mechanization and automation of mining processes, problems such as natural disasters in mines have become increasingly prominent, especially dust pollution at the bottom of the mine. Dust (coal dust) is one of the most significant occupational hazards and natural disasters in the coal mine working environment. Negative pressure dust collectors combined with positive pressure ventilation ducts are key components for dust hazard control and treatment.

[0003] In related technologies, when controlling and treating dust, a positive pressure duct is usually used at the front end to provide power for the dust, while a negative pressure duct is set up at the same time to discharge the dust in a timely manner. Under the action of the air source, a circulation loop is formed to discharge the dust from the negative pressure duct.

[0004] However, in actual use, the airflow provided by the air source and the suction provided by the negative pressure duct often fail to match. If the air source exerts too much force on the dust while the suction of the negative pressure duct is too weak, the dust will not be completely absorbed by the duct, and the dust will spread further under the force of the air source. Conversely, if the air source exerts too little force on the dust while the suction of the negative pressure duct is too strong, some dust will not be affected by the air source's force and will not circulate with the duct, causing the dust to remain suspended in the air. Therefore, a new type of air distribution and dust control system is urgently needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a dust control system and a dust control method for wind distribution, in order to solve the problems of imbalance between positive and negative pressure ducts in the prior art, which leads to the spread of coal dust and poor exhaust effect.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a dust control system for air distribution, comprising:

[0007] A positive pressure ventilation duct assembly is used to deliver airflow generated by a wind source to a target location; the positive pressure ventilation duct assembly includes a wind distributor, which is used to divert a portion of the airflow generated by the wind source to the outside of the positive pressure ventilation duct assembly.

[0008] A negative pressure ventilation duct assembly is used to draw in airflow containing dust from the target location and to discharge airflow treated with dust.

[0009] A first airflow sensor is installed on the positive pressure duct assembly to measure the airflow through the positive pressure duct assembly;

[0010] A second airflow sensor is installed on the negative pressure duct assembly to measure the airflow through the negative pressure duct assembly;

[0011] A controller electrically connected to the air distributor, the first air volume sensor, and the second air volume sensor, respectively, is used to generate a first control command for controlling the air distributor based on the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly. The first control command is used to balance the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the negative pressure duct assembly includes a suction duct, a dust collector, and a dust collector fan connected in sequence; the dust collector fan is provided with a dust concentration sensor at its outlet; the controller is electrically connected to the dust concentration sensor and the dust collector respectively, and is used to generate a second control command for controlling the dust collector and / or the air distributor based on the dust concentration fed back by the dust concentration sensor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the positive pressure air duct assembly includes a first air duct, an air duct storage compartment, an air distributor, and a second air duct connected in sequence; the second air duct has an air supply outlet.

[0014] The suction duct includes a suction port for drawing in airflow containing dust;

[0015] The distance between the air intake and the target location is less than the distance between the air supply and the target location.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ventilation duct storage compartment includes:

[0017] A flexible ventilation duct with multiple sections connected end to end; the flexible ventilation duct is slidably connected to a sliding rod via hooks;

[0018] A support frame is used to fix the flexible air duct when it is stacked; the support frame includes a connecting tube frame and a limiting flare, the connecting tube frame is connected to the air distributor, and the limiting flare is connected to the first air duct; the outer diameter of the limiting flare is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting tube frame.

[0019] In some embodiments, the air distributor includes:

[0020] Inner cylinder; an air inlet is provided at one end of the inner cylinder and an air outlet is provided at the other end; air distribution holes are provided along the circumference of the inner cylinder;

[0021] An outer cylinder is fitted onto the outside of the inner cylinder and can move along the axis of the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder has air adjustment holes along its circumference.

[0022] A drive assembly connected to the outer cylinder, the drive assembly being used to drive the outer cylinder to move along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, so as to adjust the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole;

[0023] When the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole is greater than zero, the airflow discharged through the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole forms a dust barrier on the outside of the outer cylinder.

[0024] In some embodiments, the driving component includes:

[0025] First motor;

[0026] A gear connected to the output end of the first motor;

[0027] A rack meshes with the gear; the rack is connected to the gripper via a hinge; the gripper is detachably connected to the outer cylinder.

[0028] In some embodiments, a methane concentration sensor disposed at the target location is also included;

[0029] The controller is electrically connected to the methane concentration sensor and is also used to generate a third control command for controlling the air distributor based on the methane concentration fed back by the methane concentration sensor. The third control command is used to stop the air distributor from splitting the air.

[0030] Secondly, this application also provides a method for controlling airflow distribution, applied to the airflow control and dust control system described in the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0031] The first air volume in the positive pressure air duct assembly and the second air volume in the negative pressure air duct assembly are obtained based on the air volume sensor.

[0032] If the difference between the first air volume and the second air volume is greater than the first threshold, a first control command is generated. The first control command is used to adjust the amount of airflow generated by the air distributor from the air source.

[0033] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0034] Dust concentration is obtained based on a dust concentration sensor;

[0035] If the dust concentration is greater than the second threshold, a second control command is generated. The second control command is used to adjust the output power of the dust collector and / or adjust the flow rate of the airflow generated by the air distributor to the air source.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0037] The methane concentration at the target location is obtained using a methane concentration sensor;

[0038] If the methane concentration is greater than the third threshold, a third control command is generated, which is used to adjust the airflow distribution of the air distributor to zero.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0040] This invention uses a wind distributor to adjust the airflow from the air source, thereby maintaining a balance between the positive and negative pressure ventilation ducts. This effectively prevents dust at the face from being blown away by excess airflow from the positive pressure duct, thus preventing dust from spreading at the face. Furthermore, the wind distributor also creates a dust barrier while distributing air, confining dust between the face and the wind distributor, improving visibility within the tunnel, reducing the workload for skilled workers, and ensuring a safe working environment for them. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust control system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a front view of the dust control system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distributor in the dust control system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive component in the dust control system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air duct storage compartment in the dust control system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting frame structure in the dust control system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0047] Among them, 1-positive pressure air duct assembly; 11-air distributor; 111-inner cylinder; 112-outer cylinder; 12-air duct storage compartment; 121-flexible air duct; 122-hook; 123-sliding rod; 124-support frame; 1241-connecting cylinder frame; 1242-limiting flare; 13-first air duct; 14-second air duct; 2-negative pressure air duct assembly; 21-suction duct; 22-dust collector; 23-dust collector fan; 24-dust collection hood; 31-gear; 32-rack; 33-hinge; 34-handle; 35-motor. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] It should be noted that the dust control system provided in this application can be used in conjunction with a positive pressure duct. For example, the duct of the positive pressure duct can be used as the inner duct in the embodiment of this application, and other components in the embodiment of this application can be combined to achieve the corresponding functions. Alternatively, it can be used as a separate device connected to the positive pressure duct, for example, connected to the air outlet of the positive pressure duct to achieve control of the air outlet. This is not limited in this application.

[0050] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust control system provided in the embodiments of this application; see also Figure 2 This is a front view of the dust control system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the dust control system provided may include:

[0052] Positive pressure ventilation duct assembly 1 is used to transport the airflow generated by the air source to the target location. In this embodiment, the air source can be a blower installed underground or other equipment capable of generating airflow. Positive pressure ventilation duct assembly 1 can stably and continuously guide the airflow to the target location where dust removal is required, providing basic airflow support for subsequent dust control operations. The target location is the part that needs to be cleaned of dust. In this embodiment, the target location mainly refers to the face, that is, the front end of the tunneling face during coal mining, where a large amount of dust is generated due to mechanical operations.

[0053] The function of the positive pressure duct assembly 1 is to provide power for the dust at the target location. In order to balance the airflow output by the positive pressure duct assembly 1 and the suction of the negative pressure duct assembly 2, in some embodiments, the positive pressure duct assembly 1 may include a distributor 11. The distributor 11 is used to divert a portion of the airflow generated by the air source to the outside of the positive pressure duct assembly 1, thereby reducing the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly 1 to a certain extent.

[0054] It also includes a negative pressure duct assembly 2, which is used to draw in airflow containing dust from the target location and to discharge the airflow after dust treatment; the negative pressure duct assembly 2 first draws in airflow from the target location, and then uses a dust-processing device to collect and process the dust during the airflow output process, and finally discharges the treated airflow.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, in order to achieve a balance between the positive pressure duct assembly 1 and the negative pressure duct assembly 2, a first airflow sensor (not shown in the figures) can be installed on the positive pressure duct assembly 1 to measure the airflow through the positive pressure duct assembly 1; and a second airflow sensor can be installed on the negative pressure duct assembly 2 to measure the airflow through the negative pressure duct assembly 2. If the airflow of the two is found to be inconsistent, it can be resolved by adjusting the output airflow of the positive pressure duct assembly 1. Specifically, the flow rate of the air distributor 11 can be adjusted to maintain a balance between the positive and negative pressure duct assemblies.

[0056] In order to achieve precise control of air volume, the dust control system provided in this application further includes a controller (not shown in the figure) electrically connected to the air distributor 11, the first air volume sensor and the second air volume sensor respectively. The controller is used to generate a first control command for controlling the air distributor 11 based on the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly 1 and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly 2. The first control command is used to balance the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly 1 and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly 2.

[0057] In this embodiment, a first airflow sensor and a second airflow sensor are used to monitor the airflow of the positive pressure duct assembly and the negative pressure duct assembly in real time. The controller can react quickly based on the difference in airflow between the two. When the airflow of the positive pressure duct assembly is greater than that of the negative pressure duct assembly, the controller generates a first control command that drives the air distributor to increase the airflow diverted to the outside of the positive pressure duct assembly, thereby reducing the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly to the target location. Conversely, when the airflow of the positive pressure duct assembly is less than that of the negative pressure duct assembly, the controller generates a command to reduce the airflow diversion by the air distributor and increase the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly to the target location. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the airflow of the positive and negative pressure duct assemblies remains balanced, effectively avoiding the problem of poor dust control due to airflow mismatch.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the negative pressure duct assembly 2 may include a suction duct 21, a dust collector 22, and a dust removal fan 23 connected in sequence. The suction duct 21 serves as the starting point of the negative pressure duct assembly 2, and its function is to draw airflow containing dust from the target location into the negative pressure duct assembly 2. The design of the suction port of the suction duct 21 is crucial; its reasonable size and shape ensure that a sufficient amount of airflow is drawn in per unit time to meet the needs of subsequent dust removal. Therefore, in some embodiments, the suction port can be configured as a dust collection hood 24. The dust collector 22 is the core component in the negative pressure duct assembly 2 that processes dust. It can separate dust from the airflow using physical or chemical methods, ensuring that the discharged airflow meets environmental standards. Common types of dust collectors include baghouse dust collectors and cyclone dust collectors. Different types of dust collectors have different dust removal principles and applicable ranges, and in this embodiment, the appropriate type can be selected based on the actual working conditions. The dust removal fan 23 provides power to the entire negative pressure duct assembly 2. It can generate sufficient negative pressure so that the airflow can smoothly enter from the suction duct 21 and be discharged after being processed by the dust collector 22.

[0059] To verify the dust removal effect of the dust distribution and control system, in some embodiments, a dust concentration sensor can be installed at the outlet of the dust collector fan 23. The controller is electrically connected to both the dust concentration sensor and the dust collector, and generates a second control command based on the dust concentration feedback from the dust concentration sensor to control the dust collector and / or the air distributor. When the dust concentration sensor detects that the dust concentration at the outlet exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the current dust removal effect is not as expected, and the controller generates a second control command. This command may include two adjustment methods: one is to adjust the output power of the dust collector, such as increasing the cleaning frequency of the bag filter or increasing the rotation speed of the cyclone dust collector to enhance the dust capture capability; the other is to synchronously adjust the flow rate of the air distributor by reducing the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly to the target location, thereby reducing the dust generation rate and giving the dust collector more processing time. Through this dual-path control mechanism, the system can dynamically optimize the dust removal efficiency and ensure that the exhaust airflow meets environmental protection requirements.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the positive pressure air duct assembly 1 includes a first air duct 13, an air duct storage compartment 12, an air distributor 11, and a second air duct 14 connected in sequence; the second air duct 14 has an air supply port.

[0061] The suction duct 21 includes a suction port for drawing in airflow containing dust;

[0062] The distance between the air intake and the target location is less than the distance between the air supply and the target location.

[0063] In this embodiment, the air intake is positioned closer to the target location, while the air supply outlet is relatively farther away. This layout creates an effective airflow guidance pattern. When the positive pressure duct assembly delivers airflow to the target location through the air supply outlet of the second air duct, the airflow reaches the target location first, stirring up dust. The negative pressure duct assembly's air intake, being closer to the target location, quickly draws the stirred-up dust into the air intake, thus improving dust collection efficiency. This layout fully utilizes the airflow's movement patterns, enabling better coordination between positive pressure delivery and negative pressure suction, further enhancing the dust removal effect of the entire dust control system. Simultaneously, the reasonable distance setting avoids mutual interference between positive and negative pressure airflows, ensuring system stability. In practical applications, the positions of the air intake and air supply outlets can be optimized and adjusted according to specific working conditions and the characteristics of the target location to achieve the best dust removal effect.

[0064] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The ventilation duct storage compartment 12 may include:

[0065] A flexible ventilation duct 121 with multiple sections connected end to end; the flexible ventilation duct 121 is slidably connected to a sliding rod 123 via a hook 122.

[0066] Support frame 124 is used to fix the flexible air duct 121 in a stacked state; see also Figure 4 The supporting frame 124 includes a connecting tube frame 1241 and a limiting flare 1242. The connecting tube frame 1241 is connected to the air distributor 11, and the limiting flare 1242 is connected to the first air duct 13. The outer diameter of the limiting flare 1242 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting tube frame 1241. In this embodiment, the multi-section flexible air duct design, with its interconnected sections, provides better flexibility and adaptability to the air duct storage compartment. The length can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different working conditions. The flexible air duct is slidably connected to the sliding rod via hooks. This connection method not only facilitates the installation and disassembly of the flexible air duct but also allows for quick folding during storage, saving space. The support frame 124 further enhances the structural stability of the air duct storage compartment 12. When the flexible air duct 121 does not need to be unfolded, it can be folded and tied to the connecting tube frame 1241 with ropes. The limiting flare 1242 restricts the sliding of the flexible air duct 121. When it needs to be unfolded for use, the flexible air duct 121 will automatically open under the action of wind force after the ropes are untied, thereby increasing the length of the entire air duct. In addition, when the flexible air duct 121 is in a stacked state, the support frame 124 can effectively fix it to prevent the flexible air duct 121 from falling or deforming.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The air distributor 11 may include:

[0068] Inner cylinder 111; one end of the inner cylinder 111 is provided with an air inlet and the other end with an air outlet; the inner cylinder 111 is provided with air distribution holes along its circumference;

[0069] An outer cylinder 112 is sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder 111 and can move along the axis of the inner cylinder 111; the outer cylinder 112 is provided with air adjustment holes along its circumference;

[0070] A drive assembly connected to the outer cylinder 112 is used to drive the outer cylinder 112 to move along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 111 to adjust the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole.

[0071] When the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole is greater than zero, the airflow discharged through the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole forms a dust barrier on the outside of the outer cylinder 112.

[0072] In this embodiment, the air distributor's structural design enables precise control of airflow distribution. When it is necessary to reduce the airflow output of the positive pressure duct assembly, the drive component moves the outer cylinder along the axis of the inner cylinder, increasing the overlap area between the air distribution holes and the regulating holes. More airflow then flows through these overlapping holes to the outside of the positive pressure duct assembly, forming a surrounding airflow barrier. This dust barrier effectively inhibits dust diffusion into the surrounding environment and also uses airflow circulation to push some of the raised dust back onto the work surface. When it is necessary to increase the output airflow, the outer cylinder moves in the opposite direction, reducing the overlap area, allowing more airflow to be delivered to the target location through the inner cylinder outlet. By dynamically adjusting the overlap area, the system can flexibly adjust the distribution ratio according to actual working conditions, ensuring that the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly remains dynamically balanced with the suction of the negative pressure duct assembly. This adjustable air distribution structure ensures sufficient air pressure on the work surface for dust removal while avoiding the problem of excessive airflow causing secondary dust re-entrainment.

[0073] Further, see Figure 6 The driving component may include:

[0074] Motor 35;

[0075] Gear 31 connected to the output terminal of the motor 35;

[0076] A rack 32 meshes with the gear 31; the rack 32 is connected to the gripper 34 via a hinge 33; the gripper 34 is detachably connected to the outer cylinder 112.

[0077] In this embodiment, the drive assembly is powered by a motor, whose output drives a gear to rotate, causing a rack meshing with the gear to move linearly. The rack is connected to the gripper via a hinge, a design that allows the gripper a degree of freedom of movement in a certain direction to accommodate installation errors and vibrations of the outer cylinder. The gripper has a detachable structure for easy and quick replacement or maintenance of the outer cylinder, while ensuring the connection strength meets transmission requirements. When the motor starts, the gear and rack mechanism converts rotational motion into linear displacement, precisely controlling the outer cylinder to move axially along the inner cylinder, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole. This mechanical transmission method features simple structure, reliable transmission, and high control precision, meeting the dynamic adjustment needs of the air distributor under different operating conditions. In practical applications, the adjustment speed and range of the air distributor can be further optimized by adjusting the motor speed or changing the gear ratio.

[0078] In some embodiments, the dust control system provided in this application further includes a methane concentration sensor (not shown in the figure) disposed at the target location.

[0079] The controller is electrically connected to the methane concentration sensor and is also used to generate a third control command for controlling the air distributor based on the methane concentration feedback from the methane concentration sensor. The third control command is used to stop the air distributor from diverting air. In this embodiment, the installation of the methane concentration sensor is a significant improvement in the safety performance of the air distribution and dust control system. In working environments such as coal mines where flammable and explosive gases exist, real-time monitoring of methane concentration is crucial. When the methane concentration sensor detects that the methane concentration at the target location exceeds the safety threshold, the controller immediately generates a third control command to drive the air distributor to stop diverting air. At this time, all the airflow output from the positive pressure duct assembly will be concentrated and delivered to the target location, rapidly diluting the methane concentration by increasing ventilation volume and preventing explosions caused by methane accumulation. This safety control mechanism complements the original dust control function, enabling the system to ensure a clean working environment while possessing the ability to provide early warning and emergency response for hazardous gases. The controller dynamically adjusts the response strategy according to the change in methane concentration. When the concentration approaches the critical value, an early warning program is activated in advance, and a smooth transition is achieved by gradually reducing the diversion ratio, avoiding secondary impacts on the working environment caused by sudden airflow changes.

[0080] Based on the above system, this application embodiment also provides a method for air distribution control applied in the above system. Specifically, the air distribution control method can be executed by a controller deployed in the air distribution dust control system, and the steps of the method may include:

[0081] S100: Based on the air volume sensor, the first air volume in the positive pressure air duct assembly and the second air volume in the negative pressure air duct assembly are obtained;

[0082] S200: If the difference between the first air volume and the second air volume is greater than the first threshold, a first control command is generated. The first control command is used to adjust the amount of airflow generated by the air distributor to the air source.

[0083] Specifically, during tunneling machine operation, air volume sensors collect air volume data from the first air duct, second air duct, and suction duct. The controller analyzes the collected data in real time, calculating the difference between the first air volume in the positive pressure air duct assembly and the second air volume in the negative pressure air duct assembly. When this difference exceeds a preset first threshold, it indicates a significant imbalance in air volume between the positive and negative pressure air duct assemblies. At this point, the controller immediately generates a first control command. This command precisely adjusts the internal structure of the air distributor, changing the overlap area between the air distribution orifice and the regulating orifice, thereby dynamically regulating the airflow to the outside of the positive pressure air duct assembly. If the first air volume is significantly greater than the second air volume, the air distributor increases the splitting ratio, reducing the airflow output to the target location; conversely, it decreases the splitting ratio, ensuring that the air volume of the positive and negative pressure air duct assemblies remains in dynamic equilibrium.

[0084] In some embodiments, the setting of the first threshold does not necessarily require that the first air volume and the second air volume be exactly the same. Considering that the air volume may fluctuate within a certain range, the first threshold can be set to a value that allows fluctuation. For example, when the unit of air volume is cubic meters per second, the first threshold can be set to a range of ±0.2 cubic meters per second.

[0085] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0086] S300: Dust concentration is obtained based on a dust concentration sensor;

[0087] S400: If the dust concentration is greater than the second threshold, a second control command is generated. The second control command is used to adjust the output power of the dust collector and / or adjust the flow rate of the airflow generated by the air distributor to the air source.

[0088] Specifically, during system operation, the dust concentration sensor continuously monitors the dust concentration data at the outlet of the dust collector fan and transmits the real-time values ​​to the controller. When the dust concentration exceeds a preset second threshold, the controller activates a dual control mechanism: on the one hand, it enhances the dust collection capacity by adjusting the operating parameters of the dust collector, such as increasing the pulse jet frequency of the bag filter or enhancing the centrifugal force field of the cyclone dust collector; on the other hand, it simultaneously adjusts the flow distribution ratio of the air distributor, reducing the dust generation rate by decreasing the output airflow of the positive pressure duct assembly. This collaborative control strategy addresses both the dust generation source and the treatment endpoint, forming a closed-loop control circuit to ensure that the air discharged from the negative pressure duct assembly meets emission standards.

[0089] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0090] S500: Obtains methane concentration at the target location based on a methane concentration sensor;

[0091] S600: If the methane concentration is greater than the third threshold, a third control command is generated, which is used to adjust the flow rate of the airflow generated by the air distributor to zero.

[0092] In some embodiments, for example, when the methane concentration is below 0.6%, the air distributor and the dust barrier can be kept running normally; when the methane concentration is above 0.6%, the air distributor can be controlled and the dust removal fan can be stopped, so that the second air duct can deliver the maximum air volume, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly reducing the methane concentration.

[0093] In order to achieve precise control of the air distributor and dust collector, some embodiments can be simulated based on various parameters that affect the dust control effect to determine the various parameters when the controller performs air distribution control.

[0094] Specifically, when performing dust removal operations at the tunnel face, the environment, dust materials, properties, and ventilation conditions all affect the dust removal effect. Therefore, before designing the controller logic, it is advisable to study some influencing factors, such as:

[0095] Sampling can be conducted in advance in the main dust-generating areas of the tunneling face. Laser particle size analyzers and microscopic particle image analyzers can be used to experimentally determine the particle size and dispersion of the sampled coal. The dust concentration in the main dust-generating areas can be determined using the filter membrane weighing method. An optical contact angle meter can be used to test the wettability of dust in different dust-generating areas. For example, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques can be used to analyze the microscopic physicochemical structural parameters of the dust, such as its molecular structure, component structure, mineral groups, and microcrystalline structure, to determine the influencing factors of dust wettability at different locations on the tunneling face at the microscopic level.

[0096] Next, a full-size, proportional numerical computation domain can be constructed using the tunneling face as a prototype. A two-fluid mathematical model of gas-phase turbulence and particle-phase turbulence can be established, combining the advantages of both the continuous medium model and the particle trajectory model. Then, the partial differential equations are discretized using the finite volume method and a hybrid difference scheme. Finally, numerical simulation studies are conducted using the hybrid difference scheme and the SIMPLE algorithm with a uniform mesh.

[0097] Finally, based on the factors influencing dust accumulation at the work surface, the optimal ventilation parameters can be simulated and studied using orthogonal experimental design to achieve the best dust control effect. Changing one parameter will simultaneously change the others, ensuring that the dust control effect remains at its optimal state. Orthogonal experimental design avoids the increased testing time caused by conducting comprehensive tests on each influencing factor individually, and ensures that the desired optimal results are achieved as quickly as possible. Choosing orthogonal experiments to optimize the parameters of the roadway ventilation system guarantees superior dust control effects in the roadway.

[0098] Based on the above theoretical research, it can be ensured that when the controller executes the above method, it can dynamically monitor and intelligently control dust concentration in the face area, form a dust barrier while controlling the output of appropriate air volume of the positive pressure ventilation duct component, improve the stability and reliability of dust control, and enhance the intelligence level of the tunneling face.

[0099] The above detailed embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A dust control system with air distribution, characterized in that, include: A positive pressure ventilation duct assembly is used to deliver airflow generated by a wind source to a target location; the positive pressure ventilation duct assembly includes a wind distributor, which is used to divert a portion of the airflow generated by the wind source to the outside of the positive pressure ventilation duct assembly. A negative pressure ventilation duct assembly is used to draw in airflow containing dust from the target location and to discharge airflow treated with dust. A first airflow sensor is installed on the positive pressure duct assembly to measure the airflow through the positive pressure duct assembly; A second airflow sensor is installed on the negative pressure duct assembly to measure the airflow through the negative pressure duct assembly; A controller electrically connected to the air distributor, the first air volume sensor, and the second air volume sensor, respectively, is used to generate a first control command for controlling the air distributor based on the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly. The first control command is used to balance the air volume of the positive pressure air duct assembly and the air volume of the negative pressure air duct assembly.

2. The dust control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure duct assembly includes a suction duct, a dust collector, and a dust collector fan connected in sequence; the dust collector fan is equipped with a dust concentration sensor at its outlet; the controller is electrically connected to the dust concentration sensor and the dust collector respectively, and is used to generate a second control command for controlling the dust collector and / or the air distributor based on the dust concentration feedback from the dust concentration sensor.

3. The dust control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positive pressure air duct assembly includes a first air duct, an air duct storage compartment, an air distributor, and a second air duct connected in sequence; the second air duct has an air supply outlet. The suction duct includes a suction port for drawing in airflow containing dust; The distance between the air intake and the target location is less than the distance between the air supply and the target location.

4. The dust control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air duct storage compartment includes: A flexible ventilation duct with multiple sections connected end to end; the flexible ventilation duct is slidably connected to a sliding rod via hooks; A support frame is used to fix the flexible air duct when it is stacked; the support frame includes a connecting tube frame and a limiting flare, the connecting tube frame is connected to the air distributor, and the limiting flare is connected to the first air duct; the outer diameter of the limiting flare is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting tube frame.

5. The dust control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The air distributor includes: Inner cylinder; an air inlet is provided at one end of the inner cylinder and an air outlet is provided at the other end; air distribution holes are provided along the circumference of the inner cylinder; An outer cylinder is fitted onto the outside of the inner cylinder and can move along the axis of the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder has air adjustment holes along its circumference. A drive assembly connected to the outer cylinder, the drive assembly being used to drive the outer cylinder to move along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, so as to adjust the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole; When the overlapping area of ​​the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole is greater than zero, the airflow discharged through the air distribution hole and the air adjustment hole forms a dust barrier on the outside of the outer cylinder.

6. The dust control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving component includes: First motor; A gear connected to the output end of the first motor; A rack meshes with the gear; the rack is connected to the gripper via a hinge; the gripper is detachably connected to the outer cylinder.

7. The dust control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a methane concentration sensor located at the target position; The controller is electrically connected to the methane concentration sensor and is also used to generate a third control command for controlling the air distributor based on the methane concentration fed back by the methane concentration sensor. The third control command is used to stop the air distributor from splitting the air.

8. A method for controlling airflow distribution, applied to the airflow control and dust suppression system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method includes: The first air volume in the positive pressure air duct assembly and the second air volume in the negative pressure air duct assembly are obtained based on the air volume sensor. If the difference between the first air volume and the second air volume is greater than the first threshold, a first control command is generated. The first control command is used to adjust the amount of airflow generated by the air distributor from the air source.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Dust concentration is obtained based on a dust concentration sensor; If the dust concentration is greater than the second threshold, a second control command is generated. The second control command is used to adjust the output power of the dust collector and / or adjust the flow rate of the airflow generated by the air distributor to the air source.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The methane concentration at the target location is obtained using a methane concentration sensor; If the methane concentration is greater than the third threshold, a third control command is generated, which is used to adjust the airflow distribution of the air distributor to zero.

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