Rapid drying equipment for ceramic green body based on gradient temperature field

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drying equipment, and discloses ceramic body rapid drying equipment based on a gradient temperature field, the ceramic body rapid drying equipment comprises a base made of a heat conduction metal material, the top of the base is provided with an annular gradient heating module and a spiral power module, and the output end of the spiral power module is provided with a placing and clamping module; existing gradient temperature field ceramic drying equipment depends on an electric drive green body to rotate and cannot adapt to a non-electric scene, and due to a motor and an electronic component, the equipment is high in cost, large in energy consumption and prone to faults in a humid environment. The equipment takes a bimetallic spiral spring as a power core, realizes non-electric rotation by virtue of thermal expansion difference, and breaks through application limitation. The copper chassis is efficient in heat conduction, cooperates with a heat preservation structure stable gradient temperature field and a non-electric clamping and drainage structure, the drying period is shortened by more than 20%, the cracking rate is lower than 1%, the cost and maintenance cost are remarkably reduced, and multi-scene requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drying equipment technology, specifically relating to a rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic body drying is a crucial step in ceramic production, and its uniformity directly determines the yield of the finished product after subsequent firing. Traditional drying methods mostly rely on natural air drying or static hot air drying, which are prone to cracking and deformation due to an imbalance in the migration rate of moisture between the surface and interior of the body. To solve this problem, rotating the body is currently used. However, this rotation function generally relies on electric drive, that is, using power components such as stepper motors and servo motors to drive the rotating mechanism, and using electronic components such as controllers and sensors to achieve speed adjustment and precise control. Although this can meet the speed stability requirements of large-scale production, it also creates a fixed technological path dependency.

[0003] Existing electrically driven ceramic body drying equipment has significant application limitations: Firstly, the electric drive mode makes it unsuitable for scenarios without power supply, such as small ceramic workshops in remote mountainous areas, outdoor pottery creation, or production environments with temporary power outages, thus limiting the equipment's applicability. Secondly, the addition of motors and supporting electronic components not only increases the equipment's manufacturing costs and operating energy consumption but also raises the risk of equipment failure in humid and drying environments. Problems such as motor short circuits due to moisture and electronic component corrosion failure occur frequently, leading to increased equipment maintenance costs and shortened service life. Especially during the ceramic body drying process, the rapid removal of moisture is often accompanied by the diffusion of water vapor, further aggravating the wear and tear on the electric components, making it difficult for existing technologies to achieve a balance between practicality and economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field includes a base made of thermally conductive metal, an annular gradient heating module and a spiral power module installed on the top of the base, and a clamping module installed at the output end of the spiral power module. The annular gradient heating module includes a double-sided cylinder whose bottom contacts the base. The single-sided cross-section of the double-sided cylinder is L-shaped. The interior of the double-sided cylinder is divided into three regions. Heat insulation plates are installed between the three adjacent regions. The three regions are respectively filled with cast iron blocks, alumina ceramic blocks and asbestos blocks. The spiral power module includes a chassis fixedly installed on the double-sided cylinder. The chassis and the double-sided cylinder are coaxial. A spiral spring is installed on the top of the chassis. The spiral spring includes brass sheets and nickel-iron alloy sheets that are brazed together and rolled into a single right-hand spiral structure. A top plate is installed on the top of the spiral spring. A sliding groove is provided on the side of the top plate. The spiral power module includes a bearing rotatably mounted at the center of the double-sided cylinder shaft. A rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the bearing. The rotating shaft passes through the chassis. A flat key is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating shaft. The length direction of the flat key is consistent with the axis of the rotating shaft. The flat key is located in the groove opening. The placement and clamping module includes a placement plate fixedly installed on the top of the rotating shaft. The placement plate is located within the coverage area of ​​the double-sided cylinder, and the placement plate is equipped with clamping components.

[0006] Further specifying, the clamping component includes a support evenly installed on the placement tray, a movable rod and a guide rod slidably installed on the support, a movable plate connected to the ends of the movable rod and the guide rod, a gripper installed on the movable plate, and a spring-loaded component installed between the movable plate and the support. The spring-loaded component is sleeved on the outside of the movable rod. By manually moving the gripper backward, and with the spring-loaded component's rebound, the blank can be clamped, achieving clamping in a power-free environment.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable plate is equipped with a hexagonal slot, and a hexagonal pin is fixedly installed at the middle section of the gripper. The hexagonal pin is inserted into the hexagonal slot to realize the quick replacement and installation of the gripper, thereby adapting to the clamping and fixing of blanks with different shapes and specifications.

[0008] Further, the surface of the placement tray is covered with wool felt, the placement tray has V-shaped grooves evenly spaced, the side of the placement tray has a hanging opening, the position of the hanging opening corresponds to the V-shaped groove, and a water collection box is hung on the hanging opening. The wool felt can play a certain water absorption role, the V-shaped groove plays a guiding role, and the water collection box plays a role in accumulating the drained water.

[0009] Furthermore, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the brass sheet (33) is 19 × 10⁻ 6 The coefficient of thermal expansion of the nickel-iron alloy sheet is 1.8 × 10⁻⁻⁶ °C. 6 / ℃, when the heat source temperature is between room temperature and 120℃, the pitch of the helical spring can be reduced by 3mm, driving the rotating shaft to achieve a speed adjustment of 0~5r / min, with a speed deviation ≤±0.2r / min; when the maximum speed of the placement plate is 5r / min, the radial runout of the placement plate is ≤±0.5mm, ensuring the effect of driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, the entire material of the double-sided cylinder is a non-heat-conducting insulation board, but its position opposite the placement tray is an opening or a heat-conducting plate, which can maximize the temperature of each area inside the double-sided cylinder while not affecting the drying effect on the embryo on the placement tray.

[0011] Furthermore, the insulation board is a ceramic fiber insulation board, which has good heat insulation effect and ensures that the temperature of each zone is not affected.

[0012] Furthermore, the chassis is made of copper, which has good thermal conductivity and can reliably transfer heat to the chassis and then to the helical spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the helical spring is provided with a perforated protective cover around its periphery to prevent foreign objects from colliding with the internal helical spring and causing problems with its operation.

[0014] Furthermore, the contact surfaces between the flat key and the sliding groove are both smoothed and polished to reduce the possibility that the movement between them will be affected by friction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of using the present invention are as follows: This equipment, through its thermodynamic design using bimetallic helical springs, completely eliminates reliance on electric drive components, effectively overcoming the application limitations of existing electric drying equipment. It achieves dynamic rotation of the ceramic blank without an external power supply, making it suitable not only for conventional ceramic production workshops but also for remote mountain workshops, outdoor pottery creation, and emergency power outages—scenarios without power supply. This significantly broadens the equipment's applicability and enhances its practicality and flexibility. Furthermore, the structural design, eliminating stepper motors, servo controllers, and other electric components, reduces manufacturing costs and completely eliminates power consumption during operation. It also eliminates the risk of aging electronic components and motor short circuits due to moisture, significantly reducing maintenance costs and extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0016] Based on the realization of electric drive, this equipment further ensures the uniformity and speed of drying through the coordinated design of annular gradient temperature field and dynamic rotation. Its gradient adaptation mode of "high temperature evaporation - medium temperature migration - low temperature shaping" relies on the precise adaptation of gradient temperature field and dynamic rotation of green body, so that each part of green body alternately undergoes a complete temperature gradient cycle, which not only accelerates the migration rate of moisture from the inside of green body to the surface, but also ensures uniform moisture discharge, and significantly improves the yield.

[0017] The equipment's purely mechanical structure makes it highly adaptable to humid environments, eliminating the risk of corrosion and failure of electric components. It is particularly suitable for working scenarios with abundant moisture during ceramic drying, exhibiting operational stability far exceeding that of existing electric equipment. It is easy to operate and requires no professional electronic control knowledge, making it more suitable for the needs of small workshops and individual creators. It achieves multiple optimizations in practicality, economy, and drying performance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral power module structure of an embodiment of a rapid drying device for ceramic blanks based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the annular gradient heating module in an embodiment of a rapid drying device for ceramic blanks based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the annular gradient heating module in an embodiment of a rapid drying device for ceramic blanks based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the placement and clamping module of a rapid drying device for ceramic blanks based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention, when a V-groove is added; The symbols for the main components are explained below: Base 1; Annular gradient heating module 2; Spiral power module 3; Placement and clamping module 4; 21. Double-sided cylinder; 22. Heat insulation board; 23. Cast iron block; 24. Alumina ceramic block; 25. Asbestos block; 31. Chassis; 32. Helical spring; 33. Brass sheet; 34. Nickel-iron alloy sheet; 35. Top plate; 36. Slide groove; 37. Bearing; 38. Shaft; 39. Flat key; Placement tray 41; clamping component 42; V-groove 411; Hanging port 412; Water collection box 413; Support 421; Moving rod 422; Guide rod 423; Moving plate 424; Clamp 425; Springback element 426; Hexagonal slot 427; Hexagonal insert 428. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-5As shown, a rapid drying device for ceramic blanks based on a gradient temperature field according to the present invention includes a base 1 made of thermally conductive metal material, an annular gradient heating module 2 and a spiral power module 3 installed on the top of the base 1, and a placement clamping module 4 installed at the output end of the spiral power module 3. The annular gradient heating module 2 includes a double-sided cylinder 21 whose bottom contacts the base 1. The single-sided cross-section of the double-sided cylinder 21 is L-shaped. The interior of the double-sided cylinder 21 is divided into three regions. Heat insulation plates 22 are installed between the three adjacent regions. The three regions are respectively filled with cast iron blocks 23, alumina ceramic blocks 24 and asbestos blocks 25. The spiral power module 3 includes a chassis 31 fixedly installed on the double-sided cylinder 21. The chassis 31 and the double-sided cylinder 21 are coaxial. A spiral spring 32 is installed on the top of the chassis 31. The spiral spring 32 includes a brass sheet 33 and a nickel-iron alloy sheet 34 that are brazed together and rolled into a single right-hand spiral structure. A top plate 35 is installed on the top of the spiral spring 32. A sliding groove 36 is provided on the side of the top plate 35. The spiral power module 3 includes a bearing 37 rotatably mounted on the axis of the double-sided cylinder 21. A rotating shaft 38 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the bearing 37. The rotating shaft 38 passes through the chassis 31. A flat key 39 is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating shaft 38. The length direction of the flat key 39 is consistent with the axis of the rotating shaft 38. The flat key 39 is located in the groove 36. The placement clamping module 4 includes a placement disk 41 fixedly installed on the top of the rotating shaft 38. The placement disk 41 is located within the coverage area of ​​the double-sided cylinder 21, and the placement disk 41 is equipped with a clamping member 42.

[0021] In this embodiment, a heating source is placed under the base 1, including but not limited to using an alcohol lamp as a heat source, or a heating stone and a coal stove. The heat is transferred to the base 1 and then to the double-sided cylinder 21. In this state, the chassis 31, which is in contact with the three areas of the bottom of the double-sided cylinder 21, is heated by the heat transfer. The heating of the chassis 31 also heats the helical spring 32, which is in contact with the chassis 31. For the helical spring 32, the heat is quickly transferred to the composite structure made of brass sheet 33 and nickel-iron alloy sheet 34. It should be noted that when brazing horizontally upwards, the brass sheet 33 is on top of the nickel-iron alloy sheet 34. Since the expansion of the brass sheet is much greater than that of the nickel-iron alloy sheet, the composite sheet will produce heat towards the nickel-iron alloy side. The spring generates bending stress, and the right-hand helical structure of the spring transforms this linear bending stress into a circumferential coiling and contraction force, shortening the spring pitch and thus the total length. At this time, the sliding groove 36 on the side of the top plate 35 at the upper end of the helical spring 32 drives the flat key 39 to form a circumferential rigid fit with the rotating shaft 38. The circumferential torque generated by the coiling and contraction is transmitted to the rotating shaft 38 through the side of the flat key 39, forcing the rotating shaft to rotate clockwise. When the heat source heat changes such as the intensity of fuel combustion and the temperature of the helical spring 32 drops, the elastic potential energy drives it to rebound and stretch, driving the rotating shaft to rotate counterclockwise. This cycle of "heating and contraction clockwise rotation, cooling and rebound counterclockwise rotation" achieves a continuous rotation output of 0-5 r / min for the rotating shaft. It should be noted that the heat source has a stable energy supply phase. Taking an alcohol lamp as an example, its heat output fluctuation is minimal during stable combustion, with temperature fluctuations ≤ ±5℃. This phase can last for 5-8 minutes, much longer than the time required for the rotating shaft to rotate once. During this phase, the helical spring 32 continuously absorbs heat, and bending stress accumulates continuously, preventing it from rebounding due to a sudden drop in heat. Its spring deformation reserve is sufficient to cover one rotation stroke. During the shortening of its pitch, the effective helical structure can generate a circumferential rotation angle of up to 432°, meaning that a single wheel contraction process can drive the rotating shaft to rotate 1.2 times, naturally possessing a rotation stroke reserve of more than one rotation stroke. This ensures that the rotating shaft can continue to rotate during the contraction phase of the helical spring 32 until the spring completes its maximum deformation. Only then does the heat source enter a naturally fluctuating cooling phase, at which point at least one rotation has been completed, ensuring the heating effect of the embryo. While the heat source drives the rotating shaft 38 to rotate, it also transfers heat to the double-sided cylinder 21, which in turn conducts it to the three internal sector zones. The cast iron block in the high-temperature zone with a thermal conductivity of 50 W / (m·K) rapidly heats up to 80-100℃, the alumina ceramic block in the medium-temperature zone with a thermal conductivity of 20 W / (m·K), and the asbestos block in the low-temperature zone with a thermal conductivity of 0.15 W / (m·K) have different thermal conductivityes. As a result, the temperature at which the three blocks ultimately act on the blank from the output end of the double-sided cylinder 21 is different, forming a gradient temperature field distributed along the circumference. This causes the rotating blank to alternately face the high, medium, and low temperature zones, achieving an orderly drying process of "high temperature accelerates surface moisture evaporation - medium temperature drives internal moisture to migrate to the surface - low temperature releases drying stress".

[0022] The preferred clamping member 42 includes a support 421 evenly installed on the placement plate 41. A moving rod 422 and a guide rod 423 are slidably installed on the support 421. A moving plate 424 is connected to the ends of the moving rod 422 and the guide rod 423. A gripper 425 is installed on the moving plate 424. A spring-loaded member 426 is installed between the moving plate 424 and the support 421. The spring-loaded member 426 is sleeved on the outside of the moving rod 422.

[0023] In this embodiment, the support 421 is evenly fixed on the placement plate 41. The moving rod 422 and the guide rod 423 are slidably mounted on the support 421. The ends of both are rigidly connected to the moving plate 424. The clamp 425 is fixed on the side of the moving plate 424 facing the blank. The spring element 426, including but not limited to, is sleeved on the outside of the moving rod 422, with its two ends abutting against the end faces of the moving plate 424 and the support 421, respectively. In use, the clamp 425 is manually pushed outward, causing the moving rod 422 and the guide rod 423 to slide along the support 421. At this time, the spring element 426 is compressed and stores force. After the ceramic blank is placed in the center of the placement plate 41, the clamp 425 is released. The spring element 426 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the moving plate 424 and the clamp 425 back to the center, flexibly clamping the blank from multiple directions. Furthermore, an adjusting nut for the spring-loaded component 426 can be added to the support 421. By rotating the nut, the initial compression of the spring-loaded component 426 can be changed, and the clamping force can be adjusted in stages. A scale mark can be added to the surface of the guide rod 423 to facilitate intuitive control of the concentricity of the clamping of the three sets of jaws 425, which is suitable for high-precision blank drying requirements.

[0024] It requires no electric drive throughout the process, and clamping is achieved only through manual operation and mechanical springback, making it suitable for use in power-free scenarios; the dual guide design of the moving rod 422 and the guide rod 423 ensures that the gripper 425 moves smoothly and avoids clamping deviation; the flexible clamping force provided by the springback component 426 can adapt to the size of the billet, preventing loosening when the billet rotates and avoiding excessive pressure that could cause the billet to deform, making it suitable for small and medium-sized billets of different diameters.

[0025] The preferred movable plate 424 is equipped with a hexagonal slot 427, and a hexagonal pin 428 is fixedly installed in the middle section of the gripper 425. The hexagonal pin 428 is inserted into the hexagonal slot 427.

[0026] In this embodiment, a hexagonal slot 427 is opened on the side of the moving plate 424 facing the blank, or a hexagonal slot 427 is opened on the column after adding a column. The middle section of the gripper 425 is integrally formed or fixedly installed with a hexagonal insert 428 that matches the slot. During assembly, the hexagonal insert 428 is directly inserted into the hexagonal slot 427. The circumferential limiting characteristics of the hexagonal structure are used to quickly fix the gripper 425. When it is necessary to adapt to irregularly shaped blanks, the old gripper can be directly pulled out and the new gripper of the corresponding shape can be inserted to complete the replacement without additional tools. Furthermore, adapters with multiple specifications of hexagonal slots 427 can be designed to adapt to hexagonal pins 428 with different cross-sectional sizes, further expanding the compatibility range of the grippers 425; elastic anti-slip pads can be added to the mating surfaces of the hexagonal pins 428 and the hexagonal slots 427 to enhance connection stability and prevent the grippers 425 from loosening during rotation, or they may be magnetic, but the demagnetization problem at high temperatures needs to be considered; The hexagonal insert 428 and hexagonal slot 427 have a simple and reliable mating structure, and the replacement process only takes a few seconds, which greatly improves the equipment's adaptability to blanks of different shapes and specifications; no threaded connection or snap-fit ​​fixation is required, avoiding damage to the blank or parts during disassembly, while reducing maintenance costs and meeting the drying needs of small workshops for a variety of blanks.

[0027] The surface of the preferred placement tray 41 is covered with wool felt, and the placement tray 41 has V-shaped grooves 411 evenly distributed. The side of the placement tray 41 has a hanging opening 412, the position of which corresponds to the V-shaped groove 411. A water collection box 413 is hung on the hanging opening 412.

[0028] In this embodiment, degreased wool felt is completely pasted on the upper surface of the placement tray 41, covering the entire area where the blank is placed. Multiple V-shaped grooves 411 are evenly opened radially along the placement tray 41. One end of the V-shaped groove 411 extends to the center area of ​​the placement tray 41 or is only half the radius of the placement tray 41, which can prevent interference with the placement of the bottom of the blank. The other end extends to the hanging opening 412 on the side of the placement tray 41. The water collection box 413 is detachably hung on the outside of the placement tray 41 through the hanging opening 412. The drain end of the V-shaped groove 411 is aligned with the opening of the water collection box 413. During the drying process, the water seeping out of the blank is quickly absorbed by the wool felt. Under the centrifugal force of the rotation of the placement tray 41, the water permeates from the wool felt into the V-shaped groove 411, flows outward along the groove wall, and finally flows into the water collection box 413 through the hanging opening 412. Furthermore, anti-slip guide patterns can be added to the inner wall of the V-shaped groove 411 to improve the water flow rate and prevent mud residue; the wool felt can be designed as a layered and detachable structure, with a wear-resistant and permeable mesh on the surface and an adsorption layer on the bottom, making it easy to replace the adsorption layer separately and reduce the cost of use; water level scale lines can be added to the inside of the water collection box 413 to make it easy to intuitively judge the water volume and empty it in time. The combination of wool felt adsorption and V-shaped groove 411 guides water to achieve directional water collection, avoiding water accumulation at the bottom of the blank, which can lead to mold or uneven drying. The water collection box 413 is detachable, making it easy to pour out accumulated water and clean. The overall structure does not require electricity and relies entirely on capillary adsorption and centrifugal force to achieve drainage, which is consistent with the core design logic of the equipment without electricity and does not occupy extra space.

[0029] The coefficient of thermal expansion of the preferred brass sheet 33 is 19 × 10⁻ 6 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of nickel-iron alloy sheet 34 is 1.8×10⁻ 6 / ℃, when the heat source temperature is from room temperature to 120℃, the pitch of the helical spring 32 can be reduced by 3mm, and the drive shaft 38 can achieve speed adjustment from 0 to 5r / min, with a speed deviation ≤±0.2r / min; when the maximum speed is 5r / min, the radial runout of the placement plate 41 is ≤±0.5mm.

[0030] In this embodiment, the helical spring 32 is made of brass sheet 33 and nickel-iron alloy sheet 34 by brazing. The coefficient of thermal expansion of brass sheet 33 is 19×10⁻. 6 / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of nickel-iron alloy sheet 34 is 1.8×10⁻ 6 / ℃, when the heat source temperature rises from room temperature to 120℃, the expansion of the brass sheet 33 is much greater than that of the nickel-iron alloy sheet 34, driving the spring 32 to coil and contract, and the pitch shortens by 3mm from the initial value; the spring 32 transmits torque through the flat key 39 and the rotating shaft 38, driving the placement plate 41 to rotate at a speed of 0 to 5 r / min. The speed can be steplessly adjusted through the manual adjustment module, and the speed deviation is controlled within ±0.2 r / min; the placement plate 41 is processed with high-precision concentricity, and the radial runout of the table does not exceed ±0.5mm when running at the maximum speed of 5 r / min; Furthermore, multiple coil springs 32 with specifications such as 4, 6, and 8 coils can be designed to adapt to different speed requirements and expand the applicable scenarios of the equipment. An adjustable heat insulation sleeve can be added to the outside of the spring 32. By changing the area covered by the heat insulation sleeve, the heating length of the spring 32 can be precisely controlled to achieve fine adjustment of the speed. The well-defined coefficient of thermal expansion and deformation parameters ensure stable power output from spring 32 and precise controllable rotation speed, avoiding uneven heating of the billet due to speed fluctuations; minimal radial runout ensures smooth rotation of the billet, preventing collisions with the annular heating field or loosening of the gripper 425, thus improving the safety of the drying process and the yield of the billet; the rotation speed range is adapted to the drying needs of billets with different moisture contents, and the rotation speed can be increased to accelerate moisture removal for billets with high moisture content.

[0031] The preferred material for the double-sided cylinder 21 is a non-heat-conducting insulation board, but the position opposite the placement plate 41 is an opening or a heat-conducting plate.

[0032] In this embodiment, the double-sided cylinder 21 is formed by processing a non-thermal-conducting insulation board, such as asbestos board or ceramic insulation board, to form an annular cavity structure. The area of ​​the double-sided cylinder 21 facing the placement plate 41 and the blank is designed with an opening, or it can be replaced with a high thermal conductivity material plate, such as stainless steel plate. The remaining areas maintain the insulation board structure, and the partitioned thermal conductive layer of the annular heating module is embedded in the annular cavity of the double-sided cylinder 21. Furthermore, a sliding adjustable baffle can be added to the opening area of ​​the double-sided cylinder 21. The opening size can be changed by moving the baffle to adapt to blanks of different heights and avoid excessive heat loss. The insulation board can adopt a double-layer composite structure, with an inner layer of ceramic fiber insulation and an outer layer of metal protective layer, which not only improves the insulation effect but also enhances the structural strength of the double-sided cylinder 21. Non-thermal insulation boards can effectively reduce heat leakage to the outside of the equipment and maximize the temperature stability of each temperature zone inside the double-sided cylinder 21; the opening or heat-conducting plate design facing the billet area ensures that the heat generated by the zoned heat-conducting layer can be directly transferred to the billet, avoiding the insulation structure from blocking the heat transfer path; it not only ensures the accuracy of the gradient temperature field, but also improves the heat utilization efficiency and shortens the drying cycle.

[0033] The preferred heat insulation board 22 is a ceramic fiber heat insulation board.

[0034] In this embodiment, ceramic fiber heat insulation board 22 is used as a separator between each sector of the annular heating module. The size of the heat insulation board 22 matches the height and thickness of the sector. Its edge is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the double-sided cylinder 21 and the bottom of the annular heating groove to form a closed independent temperature zone, preventing heat from different temperature zones from interfering with each other. Furthermore, ceramic fiber insulation boards 22 with different thicknesses such as 5mm, 8mm, and 10mm can be designed. The insulation effect in different temperature ranges can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the insulation board to adapt to different temperature gradient requirements. High-temperature resistant sealing strips can be added to the edges of the insulation board 22 to further improve the fit and sealing with the double-sided cylinder 21 and the annular heating groove, and reduce heat crosstalk. Ceramic fiber material has excellent thermal insulation properties, which can effectively block heat transfer between temperature zones and ensure that the temperature difference between high temperature zone, medium temperature zone and low temperature zone is stable within the design range, avoiding gradient temperature field distortion; the material is resistant to high temperature and has strong chemical stability, making it suitable for high temperature environments during the drying process and with a long service life; compared with other thermal insulation materials, ceramic fiber boards are lightweight, do not increase the overall weight of the equipment, and are easy to install.

[0035] The preferred chassis 31 is made of copper.

[0036] In this embodiment, the chassis 31 is made of pure copper or high copper content alloy. The upper surface of the chassis 31 is tightly fitted with the flange at the lower end of the helical spring 32. During operation, the heat generated by the heat source is quickly conducted through the copper chassis 31 and then evenly transferred to the entire helical structure of the helical spring 32, driving the spring 32 to deform thermally. Furthermore, annular heat-conducting fins can be added to the upper surface of the chassis 31 to increase the contact area with the flange of the spring 32 and further improve the heat conduction efficiency; the heat source adapter slot can be designed as a detachable inner lining structure, and the corresponding inner lining can be replaced for different types of heat sources such as alcohol lamps and heating stones to improve heat source compatibility and facilitate cleaning of scale buildup in the slot. The copper material has an extremely high thermal conductivity, and its heat transfer efficiency is far superior to that of ordinary metals or non-metals, ensuring that the spring 32 absorbs heat quickly and evenly, shortening the power response time; it also has low heat transfer loss, maximizing the utilization of heat source energy and reducing energy consumption; and it prevents heat loss at the contact interface, ensuring the uniformity of spring 32 deformation and improving the stability of power output. The preferred helical spring has a perforated protective cover on its 32nd circumference.

[0037] In this implementation case, the perforated protective cover is made of stainless steel wire or thin steel plate and processed into a cylindrical shape. The outer diameter of the protective cover is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the helical spring 32, and the height covers the entire working stroke of the spring 32. The top end is fixed to the rotating shaft 38 by a clamp, and the bottom end is fixed to the positioning boss on the chassis 31. The surface of the protective cover is evenly perforated with holes of 3-5mm in diameter, and the perforation rate is not less than 60%. Furthermore, the protective cover can be designed as a split-opening structure, connected by hinges and buckles, so that the protective cover can be opened without disassembling the clamp, improving the convenience of maintenance of spring 32; a fine-mesh dustproof mesh with a hole diameter of ≤1mm can be added to the inside of the protective cover to prevent dust generated during the drying process from entering the gap of spring 32 and avoid jamming, without affecting heat dissipation. The protective cover can effectively block external debris, tools, or blank fragments from colliding with the helical spring 32, preventing the spring 32 from deforming, breaking, or jamming, and ensuring the stable operation of the power module. The hollow design does not affect the airflow between the spring 32 and the outside, ensuring smooth heat dissipation of the spring 32 and not affecting its "heating contraction-cooling rebound" cycle, while also reducing the interference of airflow on the deformation of the spring 32. The structure is simple and easy to disassemble and assemble, facilitating equipment maintenance and spring 32 repair.

[0038] The contact surfaces between the preferred flat key 39 and the slide groove 36 are both smoothed by grinding.

[0039] In this embodiment, the working surfaces on both sides of the flat key 39 and the contact surfaces of the sliding groove 36 on the inner hole of the rotating shaft 38 and the spring 32 are precision ground. After grinding, the surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm. During assembly, ensure that the fit clearance between the flat key 39 and the sliding groove 36 is controlled within 0.01~0.03mm, without jamming or loosening. Furthermore, micro-lubrication grooves can be opened on both sides of the working surface of the flat key 39, and high-temperature resistant grease can be injected to form a long-lasting lubrication layer, further reducing friction loss; the contact surface can be treated with nitriding or titanium plating to enhance surface hardness and wear resistance, extend the service life of the component, and adapt to long-term high-frequency use scenarios. The smooth contact surface can significantly reduce the frictional resistance between the flat key 39 and the slide groove 36, reduce energy loss during power transmission, ensure that the circumferential torque generated by the spring 32 can be efficiently transmitted to the rotating shaft 38, and avoid speed fluctuations caused by friction; reduce component wear, extend the service life of the flat key 39 and the slide groove 36, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance; the stability of frictional resistance can further improve the accuracy of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 38, ensure uniform rotation of the billet, and improve drying uniformity.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field, comprising a base (1) made of thermally conductive metal, characterized in that: The base (1) is equipped with an annular gradient heating module (2) and a spiral power module (3) on its top. The spiral power module (3) is equipped with a clamping module (4) at its output end. The annular gradient heating module (2) includes a double-sided cylinder (21) whose bottom contacts the base (1). The single-sided cross section of the double-sided cylinder (21) is L-shaped. The interior of the double-sided cylinder (21) is divided into three regions. A heat insulation plate (22) is installed between the three adjacent regions. The three regions are respectively filled with cast iron blocks (23), alumina ceramic blocks (24) and asbestos blocks (25). The spiral power module (3) includes a chassis (31) fixedly installed on the double-sided cylinder (21). The chassis (31) and the double-sided cylinder (21) are coaxial. A spiral spring (32) is installed on the top of the chassis (31). The spiral spring (32) includes a brass sheet (33) and a nickel-iron alloy sheet (34) that are brazed together and rolled into a single right-hand spiral structure. A top plate (35) is installed on the top of the spiral spring (32). A sliding groove (36) is provided on the side of the top plate (35). The spiral power module (3) includes a bearing (37) rotatably mounted on the axis of the double-sided cylinder (21). A rotating shaft (38) is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the bearing (37). The rotating shaft (38) passes through the chassis (31). A flat key (39) is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating shaft (38). The length direction of the flat key (39) is consistent with the axis of the rotating shaft (38). The flat key (39) is located in the groove (36). The placement clamping module (4) includes a placement disk (41) fixedly installed on the top of the rotating shaft (38). The placement disk (41) is located within the coverage area of ​​the double-sided cylinder (21). The placement disk (41) is equipped with a clamping member (42).

2. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping member (42) includes a support (421) evenly installed on the placement plate (41). The support (421) is slidably mounted with a moving rod (422) and a guide rod (423). The ends of the moving rod (422) and the guide rod (423) are connected to a moving plate (424). The moving plate (424) is equipped with a gripper (425). A spring-loaded member (426) is installed between the moving plate (424) and the support (421). The spring-loaded member (426) is sleeved on the outside of the moving rod (422).

3. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable plate (424) is equipped with a hexagonal slot (427), and a hexagonal plug (428) is fixedly installed in the middle section of the gripper (425). The hexagonal plug (428) is inserted into the hexagonal slot (427).

4. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the placement tray (41) is covered with wool felt. The placement tray (41) has V-shaped grooves (411) evenly distributed. The side of the placement tray (41) has a hanging opening (412). The position of the hanging opening (412) corresponds to the V-shaped groove (411). A water collection box (413) is hung on the hanging opening (412).

5. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coefficient of thermal expansion of the brass sheet (33) is 19×10⁻ 6 The coefficient of thermal expansion of the nickel-iron alloy sheet (34) is 1.8 × 10⁻ °C. 6 / ℃, when the heat source temperature is between room temperature and 120℃, the pitch of the helical spring (32) can be reduced by 3mm, driving the rotating shaft (38) to achieve a speed adjustment of 0 to 5r / min, with a speed deviation ≤ ±0.2r / min; when the maximum speed of the placement plate (41) is 5r / min, the radial runout of the placement plate (41) is ≤ ±0.5mm.

6. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-sided cylinder (21) is made of a non-heat-conducting insulation board, but its position opposite the placement plate (41) is an opening or a heat-conducting plate.

7. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation board (22) is a ceramic fiber heat insulation board.

8. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (31) is made of copper.

9. The rapid drying equipment for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helical spring (32) is provided with a perforated protective cover around its periphery.

10. A rapid drying device for ceramic green bodies based on a gradient temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces between the flat key (39) and the groove (36) have been smoothed by grinding.

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