A nozzle driving method, system, device and storage medium

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of inkjet printing technology, and discloses a printhead driving method, system, device, and storage medium. The method includes generating a digital waveform signal based on printing requirements and converting it into an analog voltage waveform using a digital-to-analog converter module; configuring the analog voltage waveform using an analog switch matrix to generate a target analog waveform; controlling a high-voltage amplifier circuit to boost and amplify the target analog waveform to output an initial drive level; driving the printhead to eject ink droplets based on the initial drive level, and collecting droplet state parameters using an ink droplet monitoring module; comparing the droplet state parameters with preset target values ​​to obtain a comparison result, and generating an adjustment parameter set based on the comparison result; optimizing the initial drive level generation process based on the adjustment parameter set to obtain an optimized drive level. This invention effectively solves the problem of poor drive signal adaptability caused by existing open-loop control through a closed-loop control process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inkjet printing technology, and in particular to a printhead driving method, system, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of printhead drive technology, existing printhead drive methods generally adopt open-loop control logic, that is, they only generate drive signals to drive the printhead to eject ink by preset fixed parameters. They do not monitor and optimize the state of ink droplets in real time during the ejection process. As a result, the drive signals cannot adapt to dynamic factors such as changes in ink characteristics, environmental disturbances and printhead aging during the printing process. This ultimately leads to problems such as poor ink droplet ejection consistency and decreased printing accuracy over time, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision printing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a nozzle driving method, system, device and storage medium; the nozzle driving method of the present invention effectively solves the problem of poor drive signal adaptability caused by the existing open-loop control through a complete closed-loop control process of waveform generation, waveform configuration, waveform amplification, jet monitoring and feedback optimization.

[0004] The first aspect of this invention provides a printhead driving method applied to a printhead driving system, the printhead driving system comprising: a control device and an analog-to-digital converter module, an analog switch matrix, a high-voltage amplifier circuit, and a printhead and ink droplet monitoring module electrically connected to the control device; the printhead driving method includes the following steps:

[0005] Digital waveform signals are generated based on printing requirements, and the digital waveform signals are converted into analog voltage waveforms using a digital-to-analog converter module.

[0006] The analog voltage waveform is configured using an analog switch matrix to generate the target analog waveform;

[0007] The high-voltage amplifier circuit is controlled to boost and amplify the target analog waveform to output the initial drive level;

[0008] The printhead is driven to eject ink droplets based on the initial drive level, and the ink droplet state parameters are collected by the ink droplet monitoring module during the ink droplet ejection process.

[0009] The ink droplet state parameters are compared with preset target values ​​to obtain the comparison results, and an adjustment parameter set is generated based on the comparison results.

[0010] The initial drive level generation process is optimized based on the adjusted parameter set to obtain an optimized drive level.

[0011] Optionally, in a first implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of generating a digital waveform signal based on printing requirements and converting the digital waveform signal into an analog voltage waveform using a digital-to-analog converter module includes: obtaining printing requirements and compensation parameters from a control device; the printing requirements include ink characteristics, printhead parameters, and ambient temperature; the compensation parameters include individual difference compensation parameters, scene adaptation parameters, and multi-nozzle timing delay compensation parameters; constructing a physical model based on electroacoustic analogy theory; inputting the printing requirements and compensation parameters into the physical model to generate a digital waveform signal; and converting the digital waveform signal into an initial analog voltage signal.

[0012] Optionally, in a second implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of configuring the analog voltage waveform through an analog switch matrix to generate a target analog waveform includes: controlling the analog switch matrix to allocate the initial analog voltage waveform to the corresponding path according to a preset path configuration instruction, and combining multiple initial analog voltage waveforms through path switching to form a multi-pulse combined waveform; and controlling the analog switch matrix to adjust the rising edge, falling edge, and duration parameters of the multi-pulse combined waveform according to a preset waveform configuration instruction to obtain the target analog waveform.

[0013] Optionally, in a third implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of controlling the high-voltage amplifier circuit to boost the target analog waveform to output an initial drive level includes: controlling the pre-amplifier unit of the high-voltage amplifier circuit to amplify the voltage of the target analog waveform, thereby increasing the voltage amplitude of the target analog waveform to obtain a boosted voltage; and controlling the post-amplifier unit of the high-voltage amplifier circuit to amplify the power of the boosted voltage to obtain an initial drive level.

[0014] Optionally, in a fourth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of driving the printhead to eject ink droplets based on an initial drive level and collecting ink droplet state parameters using an ink droplet monitoring module during the ink droplet ejection process includes: transmitting the initial drive level to the printhead to drive the printhead to eject ink droplets; synchronously activating the ink droplet monitoring module during the ink droplet ejection process, and continuously collecting dynamic images of the ink droplets ejected from the printhead to the substrate through the ink droplet monitoring module; and extracting ink droplet volume, ink droplet flight speed, ink droplet roundness, and ink droplet speed consistency from the dynamic images to obtain ink droplet state parameters.

[0015] Optionally, in the fifth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the step of comparing the ink droplet state parameters with preset target values ​​to obtain comparison results, and generating an adjustment parameter set based on the comparison results, includes: the preset target values ​​include ink droplet volume target values, flight speed target values, roundness target values, and speed consistency target values; comparing the ink droplet state parameters with the corresponding preset target values ​​one by one, calculating the deviation values ​​of each parameter to obtain comparison results; if the comparison results show a large deviation, generating macroscopic adjustment parameters adapted to the analog switch matrix; if the comparison results show a small deviation, generating microscopic adjustment parameters adapted to the digital-to-analog conversion module; and integrating the macroscopic and microscopic adjustment parameters to obtain an adjustment parameter set.

[0016] Optionally, in the sixth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the optimization of the initial drive level generation process based on the adjustment parameter set to obtain an optimized drive level includes: retrieving macroscopic adjustment parameters and microscopic adjustment parameters from the adjustment parameter set; sending the macroscopic adjustment parameters to the analog switch matrix to control the analog switch matrix to update the waveform transmission path configuration and the adjustment logic of the waveform rising edge, falling edge, and duration to obtain an optimized analog switch matrix; sending the microscopic adjustment parameters to the digital-to-analog converter module to control the waveform amplitude output parameters and waveform frequency output parameters of the digital-to-analog converter module to obtain an optimized digital-to-analog converter module; generating an optimized analog voltage waveform based on the optimized digital-to-analog converter module, and then generating an optimized target analog waveform based on the optimized analog voltage waveform and the optimized analog switch matrix; and inputting the optimized target analog waveform into the high-voltage amplifier circuit to generate an optimized drive level.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a printhead driving system, the printhead driving system comprising a control device and an analog-to-digital converter module, an analog switch matrix, a high-voltage amplifier circuit, and a printhead and ink droplet monitoring module electrically connected to the control device; the control device is used to execute the printhead driving method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0018] A third aspect of the present invention provides a nozzle driving device, the nozzle driving device comprising: a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing instructions; the at least one processor calling the instructions in the memory to cause the computer device to perform the various steps of the nozzle driving method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0019] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the nozzle driving method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0020] In the technical solution of this invention, firstly, a digital waveform signal is generated based on printing requirements and converted into an analog voltage waveform. Then, it is configured as a target analog waveform by an analog switch matrix and amplified by high voltage to form the initial drive level, ensuring that the initial drive signal can match the basic printing requirements. Secondly, while driving the printhead to eject ink droplets, an ink droplet monitoring module is used to collect ink droplet state parameters, realizing real-time perception of the actual ink droplet ejection effect, thus overcoming the deficiency of existing methods in lacking state feedback. Finally, the ink droplet state parameters are compared with preset target values ​​to generate an adjustment parameter set, and the initial drive level generation process is optimized based on this parameter set. This allows the optimized drive level to dynamically adapt to factors such as changes in ink characteristics and environmental disturbances, fundamentally solving the problem that the drive signal of existing open-loop methods cannot be dynamically adjusted, and ultimately significantly improving the consistency of ink droplet ejection and the stability of printing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first flowchart of a nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a second flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a third flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a fourth flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a fifth flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a sixth flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a seventh flowchart of the nozzle driving method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle driving system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle driving device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention provides a printhead driving method, system, device, and storage medium. First, it generates a digital waveform signal based on printing requirements and converts it into an analog voltage waveform. This waveform is then configured as a target analog waveform via an analog switch matrix and amplified by high voltage to form the initial driving level, ensuring that the initial driving signal matches the basic printing requirements. Second, while driving the printhead to eject ink droplets, an ink droplet monitoring module collects ink droplet state parameters, enabling real-time perception of the actual ink droplet ejection effect and overcoming the lack of state feedback in existing methods. Finally, the ink droplet state parameters are compared with preset target values ​​to generate an adjustment parameter set. Based on this parameter set, the initial driving level generation process is optimized, allowing the optimized driving level to dynamically adapt to changes in ink characteristics, environmental disturbances, and other factors. This fundamentally solves the problem that existing open-loop methods cannot dynamically adjust the driving signal, ultimately significantly improving the consistency of ink droplet ejection and the stability of printing accuracy.

[0032] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" or "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0033] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 One embodiment of the nozzle driving method in this invention includes:

[0034] The printhead drive system includes: a control device and an analog-to-digital converter module, an analog switch matrix, a high-voltage amplifier circuit, and a printhead and ink droplet monitoring module electrically connected to the control device;

[0035] The control device adopts a heterogeneous computing architecture consisting of a high-performance microprocessor (such as ARM Cortex-M7) and an FPGA (such as Xilinx Artix-7 series). The FPGA integrates a storage unit and a parallel logic processing unit. The microprocessor is used for global task scheduling, and the FPGA is used for high-speed waveform generation and real-time parameter processing. As the core control unit of the printhead drive system, the control device is responsible for functions such as printing demand parsing, digital waveform signal generation, issuing control commands to each module, comparing ink droplet status parameters, and generating adjustment parameter sets. The FPGA allocates an independent parameter storage area (storage unit) for each nozzle to support independent storage and dynamic updating of multi-nozzle drive parameters.

[0036] The control device is electrically connected to the digital-to-analog converter module and the analog switch matrix via the SPI interface to achieve high-speed transmission of waveform parameters and configuration commands; it is electrically connected to the ink droplet monitoring module via the Ethernet interface to receive ink droplet status parameters; it is electrically connected to the high-voltage amplifier circuit via the GPIO interface to send amplification start / stop and protection control signals; and it is electrically connected to the printhead via the servo drive interface to transmit drive level signals.

[0037] The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) uses a 16-bit high-precision DAC (e.g., AD5541A) to convert the digital waveform signal output by the control device into a low-noise, high-fidelity analog voltage waveform, providing accurate analog signals for the subsequent waveform configuration of the analog switch matrix. The DAC is electrically connected to the control device via an SPI interface to receive digital waveform signals. The output of the DAC is electrically connected to the input of the analog switch matrix via a coaxial cable to transmit the analog voltage waveform.

[0038] The analog switch matrix is ​​composed of eight high-performance single-pole double-throw (SPDT) analog switches (such as ADG1419). The module has a built-in SPI control interface and path configuration register. The analog switch matrix realizes the switching of transmission paths and parameter adjustment of analog voltage waveforms according to the configuration instructions of the control device. The analog switch matrix can combine multiple simple analog waveforms to form multi-pulse waveforms, and simultaneously adjust the rising edge, falling edge and duration of the waveform. Through single DAC multi-channel expansion, one DAC output can be adapted to four nozzle channels, reducing hardware costs.

[0039] The analog switch matrix is ​​electrically connected to the control device via an SPI interface to receive path configuration and parameter adjustment commands; the input terminal of the analog switch matrix is ​​electrically connected to the output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter module via a coaxial cable to receive analog voltage waveforms; the output terminal of the analog switch matrix is ​​electrically connected to the input terminal of the high-voltage amplifier circuit via a multi-channel ribbon cable to transmit the target analog waveform.

[0040] The high-voltage amplifier circuit adopts a two-stage architecture: a pre-stage voltage amplifier and a post-stage power amplifier. A high-gain operational amplifier is used in the pre-stage, and a high-voltage power operational amplifier is used in the post-stage. It boosts the target analog waveform (0-5V) output from the analog switch matrix to a 0-300V piezoelectric nozzle drive level. The pre-stage amplification boosts the signal to a medium voltage of 50-100V, while the post-stage amplification achieves a dual boost in power and voltage, meeting the drive requirements of the capacitive load of the piezoelectric nozzle. The high-voltage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the control device via a GPIO interface to receive amplification start / stop commands. The input terminal of the high-voltage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the analog switch matrix via a multi-channel ribbon cable to receive the target analog waveform. The output terminal of the high-voltage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic drive interface of the nozzle via a high-voltage cable to transmit the initial drive level / optimized drive level.

[0041] The printhead uses a piezoelectric inkjet printhead, which receives the drive level output from the high-voltage amplifier circuit and controls the deformation degree and frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet through the drive level. When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet deforms, it squeezes the ink cavity, causing the ink in the cavity to be ejected from the nozzle to form ink droplets of a set volume and speed, thus completing the printing action. The printhead is electrically connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage amplifier circuit through a high-voltage cable to receive the drive level.

[0042] The ink droplet monitoring module consists of a high-speed camera and an embedded processor, integrating image acquisition, processing, and data transmission functions. During the ink droplet ejection process, the high-speed camera continuously acquires dynamic images of the ink droplets. After Gaussian filtering and noise reduction by the embedded processor, status parameters such as ink droplet volume, flight speed, roundness, and speed consistency are extracted and fed back to the control device. The ink droplet monitoring module is electrically connected to the control device via an Ethernet interface to transmit ink droplet status parameters. The ink droplet monitoring module is also electrically connected to the control device via a GPIO interface to receive synchronous acquisition trigger signals.

[0043] The printhead drive system achieves closed-loop control through the coordinated operation of various physical modules, ultimately ensuring consistent ink droplet ejection and printing accuracy. The specific process is as follows:

[0044] The control device analyzes the printing requirements, combines them with pre-stored compensation parameters, and generates digital waveform signals through its internal heterogeneous computing architecture. The digital waveform signals are transmitted to the digital-to-analog converter module via a preset communication interface, where they are converted into initial analog voltage signals by the DAC within the module, and the analog voltage waveforms are output to the analog switch matrix.

[0045] The control device sends configuration commands to the analog switch matrix. Based on the commands, the analog switch matrix completes waveform transmission path switching and multi-waveform combination, while adjusting the rising edge, falling edge and duration parameters of the waveform to generate the target analog waveform and transmit it to the high voltage amplifier circuit.

[0046] The control device sends a start command to the high-voltage amplifier circuit. The high-voltage amplifier circuit amplifies the target analog waveform through a two-stage amplification architecture and outputs the initial drive level. The initial drive level is transmitted to the printhead, which drives the printhead to complete the ink droplet ejection. Simultaneously, the control device triggers the ink droplet monitoring module to start working, providing an adapted environment and acquisition conditions for ink droplet status acquisition.

[0047] The ink droplet monitoring module dynamically collects data during the ink droplet ejection process. The built-in processing unit processes the collected information, extracts the ink droplet state parameters, and feeds them back to the control device via the communication interface. The control device compares the received ink droplet state parameters with preset target values, calculates the parameter deviation value, and generates an adjustment parameter set based on the type and degree of deviation.

[0048] Drive level optimization stage: The control device sends the macroscopic adjustment parameters from the adjustment parameter set to the analog switch matrix, updating its waveform transmission path configuration and parameter adjustment logic; it sends the microscopic adjustment parameters to the digital-to-analog converter module, updating its signal output parameters; the optimized digital-to-analog converter module generates an optimized analog voltage waveform, which is input to the optimized analog switch matrix for waveform configuration, generating an optimized target analog waveform; the optimized target analog waveform is amplified by the high-voltage amplifier circuit and outputs an optimized drive level, which is transmitted to the nozzle to achieve subsequent precise spraying, completing the closed-loop optimization cycle.

[0049] The nozzle driving method includes the following steps:

[0050] 101. Generate digital waveform signals based on printing requirements, and use a digital-to-analog converter module to convert the digital waveform signals into analog voltage waveforms;

[0051] In this embodiment, the control device first obtains the printing requirements (including ink characteristics, printhead parameters, ambient temperature) and various compensation parameters, and completes parameter mapping and calculation through a physical model constructed by electroacoustic analogy theory to generate a suitable digital waveform signal; then, the digital signal is received by the digital-to-analog converter module, and after DAC conversion, the discrete digital signal is converted into a continuous, low-noise analog voltage waveform.

[0052] 102. Configure the analog voltage waveform using an analog switch matrix to generate the target analog waveform;

[0053] In this embodiment, the analog switch matrix first distributes the analog voltage waveform to the corresponding channel through path switching according to the configuration instructions of the control device, and combines them as needed to form a single pulse or multi-pulse combined waveform; then, it dynamically adjusts the rising edge, falling edge and duration of the waveform to adapt the waveform structure and parameters to the current printing requirements, and finally outputs the target analog waveform.

[0054] 103. Control the high-voltage amplifier circuit to boost and amplify the target analog waveform to output the initial drive level;

[0055] In this embodiment, the high-voltage amplifier circuit adopts a two-stage architecture of front-stage voltage amplification and rear-stage power amplification. First, the voltage amplitude of the target analog waveform is increased to the appropriate level, and then the voltage is further boosted and the load-carrying capacity is increased so that the output voltage reaches the piezoelectric nozzle driving range, forming an initial driving level with sufficient driving capability.

[0056] 104. Drive the printhead to eject ink droplets based on the initial drive level, and collect ink droplet state parameters using the ink droplet monitoring module during the ink droplet ejection process;

[0057] In this embodiment, the initial drive level is transmitted to the printhead, driving the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to deform and squeeze the ink cavity to achieve ink droplet ejection; during the ink droplet ejection process, the ink droplet monitoring module is activated simultaneously, and dynamic images of the entire ink droplet flight process are acquired through a high-speed imaging device, and after processing, core state parameters such as ink droplet volume, flight speed, roundness and speed consistency are extracted.

[0058] 105. Compare the ink droplet state parameters with the preset target values ​​to obtain the comparison results, and generate an adjustment parameter set based on the comparison results;

[0059] In this embodiment, the control device compares the collected ink droplet state parameters with the preset target values ​​one by one and calculates the deviation values ​​of each parameter. For large deviations caused by differences in ink viscosity and temperature changes, macroscopic adjustment parameters adapted to the analog switch matrix are generated. For small deviations caused by individual differences in printheads or random fluctuations in jetting, microscopic adjustment parameters adapted to the digital-to-analog conversion module are generated. Finally, these parameters are integrated to form a complete set of adjustment parameters.

[0060] 106. Optimize the initial drive level generation process based on the adjustment parameter set to obtain an optimized drive level;

[0061] In this embodiment, the adjustment parameters are sent to the analog switch matrix and the digital-to-analog converter module respectively, updating their configuration and output parameters; the optimized digital-to-analog converter module generates an optimized analog voltage waveform, which is then optimized to obtain the target analog waveform after the analog switch matrix is ​​configured; this waveform is amplified by the high-voltage amplifier circuit to form an optimized drive level, thereby achieving closed-loop optimization of the drive signal.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, a digital waveform signal is first generated based on printing requirements and converted into an analog voltage waveform. This waveform is then configured as a target analog waveform via an analog switch matrix and amplified by high voltage to form the initial drive level, ensuring that the initial drive signal matches the basic printing requirements. Secondly, while driving the printhead to eject ink droplets, an ink droplet monitoring module collects ink droplet state parameters, enabling real-time perception of the actual ink droplet ejection effect and overcoming the lack of state feedback in existing methods. Finally, the ink droplet state parameters are compared with preset target values ​​to generate an adjustment parameter set. Based on this parameter set, the initial drive level generation process is optimized, allowing the optimized drive level to dynamically adapt to changes in ink characteristics, environmental disturbances, and other factors. This fundamentally solves the problem that the drive signal cannot be dynamically adjusted in existing open-loop methods, ultimately significantly improving the consistency of ink droplet ejection and the stability of printing accuracy.

[0063] Please see Figure 2 Two embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0064] 201. Obtain printing requirements and compensation parameters from the control device; the printing requirements include ink characteristics, printhead parameters, and ambient temperature; the compensation parameters include individual difference compensation parameters, scene adaptation parameters, and multi-nozzle timing delay compensation parameters;

[0065] In this embodiment, the control device pre-stores a basic parameter library corresponding to the printing task and reads the printing task instruction through the system bus to obtain the printing requirements. Among them, the ink characteristics specifically cover key physical properties such as ink viscosity and surface tension (which directly affect the ink droplet formation effect); the printhead parameters include inherent hardware parameters such as piezoelectric ceramic response efficiency and ink cavity volume (which determine the printhead's response sensitivity to the drive signal); the ambient temperature is collected in real time by the temperature sensor integrated into the system (temperature changes will change the ink viscosity and piezoelectric ceramic characteristics).

[0066] Compensation parameters are generated by the control device based on the printhead's factory calibration data or based on historical printing adaptation records. Individual difference compensation parameters are designed to address issues such as inconsistent piezoelectric ceramic response efficiency and cavity volume tolerances during printhead manufacturing, and are used to offset the inherent performance differences between different nozzles. Scene adaptation parameters are dynamically adjusted according to real-time ambient temperature (e.g., reducing the voltage amplitude coefficient when the temperature rises to offset the risk of ink droplet diffusion caused by the decrease in ink viscosity). Multi-nozzle timing delay compensation parameters are determined by calibrating the signal transmission delay time of each nozzle to ensure that all nozzles spray synchronously under the same command and avoid misalignment of ink droplet landing points.

[0067] 202. Constructing a physical model based on electroacoustic analogy theory;

[0068] In this embodiment, the core of the electroacoustic analogy theory is to equate the mechanical vibration system of the printhead (vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet) and the acoustic wave propagation system of the ink (flow of ink in the cavity and pressure transmission) into an easily calculable circuit model. The mass, elasticity, and damping of the mechanical vibration correspond to the inductance, capacitance, and resistance in the circuit, respectively, and the pressure wave propagation characteristics of the ink correspond to the signal transmission characteristics in the circuit. Through this equivalent transformation, the complex mechanical-fluid coupling problem is transformed into a mature circuit analysis problem. During construction, a complete mapping relationship model is established, including input (driving voltage), intermediate transmission (mechanical vibration - ink pressure change), and output (ink droplet ejection velocity / volume), by combining parameters such as the structural dimensions of the printhead (e.g., cavity length, nozzle diameter), the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the density and viscosity of the ink.

[0069] 203. Input the printing requirements and compensation parameters into the physical model to generate digital waveform signals;

[0070] In this embodiment, the printing requirement parameters such as ink characteristics, nozzle parameters, and ambient temperature obtained in step 201, as well as compensation parameters such as individual difference compensation, scene adaptation, and timing delay, are input into the physical model constructed in step 202. The physical model outputs waveform core parameters adapted to the current requirements through quantitative calculation. The waveform core parameters include waveform shape (single pulse, double pulse, or multi pulse, determined by ink viscosity; high-viscosity ink uses multi pulses to ensure sufficient atomization, while low-viscosity ink uses single pulses to avoid ink droplet diffusion), pulse width (calculated by matching the cavity volume with ink flowability to ensure sufficient ink extrusion and no residue), and voltage amplitude (combined with the piezoelectric ceramic response efficiency and ambient temperature coefficient to ensure moderate jetting force). Based on the waveform core parameters, the FPGA of the control device generates digital waveform signals through parallel waveform generation logic. The signals are stored in binary code form, and the digital waveform signal corresponding to each nozzle is independently stored in the FPGA's storage unit.

[0071] 204. Convert the digital waveform signal into an initial analog voltage signal;

[0072] In this embodiment, the digital-to-analog converter module receives the digital waveform signal (binary code) output by the control device through the SPI interface. The DAC in the module converts the discrete digital signal into a continuous initial analog voltage signal. The resolution of the DAC determines the conversion accuracy, ensuring that the minimum adjustment step of the voltage amplitude meets the requirements of fine control of the ink droplet volume. The piezoelectric ceramic plate of the printhead needs to receive a continuous analog voltage signal to achieve stable vibration, but the digital signal cannot drive it directly. The DAC realizes the conversion of digital signal to analog signal, and ensures that the converted analog voltage signal is high-fidelity and low-noise, retaining the accuracy of the digital signal, while meeting the analog signal requirements of the printhead drive.

[0073] Please see Figure 3 The three embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0074] 301. According to the preset path configuration instructions, control the analog switch matrix to allocate the initial analog voltage waveform to the corresponding path, and combine multiple initial analog voltage waveforms through path switching to form a multi-pulse combined waveform;

[0075] In this embodiment, the preset path configuration command is generated by the control device based on the ink characteristics (core being viscosity) in the printing requirements. The analog switch matrix has built-in path switching logic corresponding to the command and multiple independent transmission channels. When the path configuration command is received, the analog switch matrix allocates the initial analog voltage waveform output by the digital-to-analog converter to the appropriate transmission path through the on / off control of the internal single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch. If it is low-viscosity ink, the command corresponds to a single-pulse waveform path, and the matrix directly transmits the single initial analog voltage waveform along this path. If it is high-viscosity ink, the command corresponds to a multi-pulse waveform combination path, and the matrix quickly switches the initial analog voltage waveforms of different channels to superimpose and combine multiple independent initial analog voltage waveforms according to a preset timing sequence to form a double-pulse or triple-pulse combination waveform.

[0076] In traditional solutions, generating multi-pulse waveforms solely through a DAC suffers from glitches and noise caused by code switching (leading to unstable ink droplet ejection) and high costs associated with multiple channels on a single DAC. In contrast, an analog switch matrix generates complex multi-pulse waveforms by combining simple initial waveforms, thus avoiding glitches and noise while enabling a single DAC to adapt to multiple nozzle channels. This balances waveform complexity and signal stability, while also reducing hardware costs, providing a more flexible and lower-cost solution for adapting to the atomization requirements of inks with different viscosities.

[0077] 302. According to the preset waveform configuration instructions, control the analog switch matrix to adjust the rising edge, falling edge and duration parameters of the multi-pulse combined waveform to obtain the target analog waveform;

[0078] In this embodiment, the preset waveform configuration command is generated by the control device in combination with printing accuracy requirements and printhead parameters. The command includes specific adjustment thresholds for the rising edge, falling edge, and duration. The analog switch matrix adjusts the parameters by controlling the on / off timing of the internal switches: rising edge adjustment controls the time it takes for the analog voltage to rise from the reference voltage to the set amplitude by delaying the switch conduction speed, avoiding the impact vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic caused by voltage sudden change; falling edge adjustment controls the time it takes for the analog voltage to drop from the set amplitude to the reference voltage by delaying the switch turn-off speed, preventing satellite ink droplets caused by a sudden drop in ink cavity pressure; duration adjustment controls the holding time of the switch conduction to ensure that the ink cavity is fully squeezed, while avoiding excessive squeezing that leads to excessive ink droplet volume. Through the timing control of the analog switch matrix, dynamic adaptation of waveform parameters is achieved, enabling the combined multi-pulse waveform to accurately match printing requirements and printhead characteristics, further improving the consistency and controllability of ink droplet ejection.

[0079] Please see Figure 4 The four embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0080] 401. Control the pre-amplifier unit of the high-voltage amplifier circuit to amplify the voltage of the target analog waveform, increase the voltage amplitude of the target analog waveform, and obtain a boost voltage;

[0081] In this embodiment, the preamplifier unit of the high-voltage amplifier circuit uses a high-gain, low-noise operational amplifier. The control device sends a start command to the preamplifier unit through the GPIO interface. The target analog waveform (amplitude is usually 0-5V) is input to the preamplifier unit through the coupling capacitor. The amplifier's negative feedback circuit adjusts the amplification gain to linearly boost the voltage amplitude to a medium voltage level of 50-100V (i.e., boost voltage). If the initial amplitude of the target analog waveform is too low, it cannot directly drive the subsequent power amplifier unit to achieve efficient boost, and direct high-multiplier boosting can easily lead to waveform distortion. The preamplifier provides a suitable input voltage for the subsequent amplifier through reasonable gain allocation, and the high-fidelity amplifier ensures the linearity of the waveform, avoiding the signal distortion problem caused by single-stage high-multiplier amplification, and ensuring that the boosted voltage signal can still accurately reflect the parameter characteristics of the target analog waveform.

[0082] 402. The subsequent amplification unit of the high-voltage amplifier circuit amplifies the boost voltage to obtain the initial drive level;

[0083] In this embodiment, the post-amplification unit uses a high-voltage power operational amplifier. The control device synchronously sends a power amplification command to the pre-amplification unit. After the boosted voltage (50-100V) is input to the post-amplification unit, the current expansion function of the power amplification circuit significantly improves the load-carrying capacity of the output signal while maintaining a linear voltage increase. Finally, the boosted voltage is further amplified to the 0-300V piezoelectric nozzle's adaptable voltage range to form the initial drive level. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the piezoelectric nozzle is a capacitive load, which not only requires a high-voltage drive signal to trigger deformation, but also requires sufficient output power to ensure the stability of the deformation speed and amplitude. Voltage amplification alone cannot meet the load drive requirements. Through the synergy of the two-stage amplification architecture, both the accurate increase of voltage amplitude and the drive power of the output signal are achieved.

[0084] Please see Figure 5 The five embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0085] 501. Transmit the initial drive level to the printhead to drive the printhead to eject ink droplets;

[0086] In this embodiment, the initial drive level is transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic drive interface of the printhead via a cable. The piezoelectric ceramic plate built into the printhead is directly attached to the ink cavity. When the initial drive level is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic plate, according to the inverse piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric ceramic plate will deform with the voltage change of the drive level. When the voltage increases, the ceramic plate stretches and squeezes the ink cavity. When the voltage decreases, the ceramic plate contracts, causing the cavity to form a negative pressure and draw in ink. This periodic deformation achieves continuous ink ejection. The amplitude of the drive level determines the deformation amplitude of the ceramic plate (and thus the ink droplet volume), and the frequency of the level determines the ejection rate, ensuring that the ink droplets are ejected from the nozzle according to the set rhythm and specifications.

[0087] 502. During the ink droplet ejection process, the ink droplet monitoring module is activated simultaneously to continuously acquire dynamic images of ink droplets ejected from the printhead onto the substrate.

[0088] In this embodiment, while sending the initial drive level, the control device sends a synchronous trigger signal to the ink droplet monitoring module through the GPIO interface to ensure precise synchronization between monitoring and ejection actions. The high-speed camera of the ink droplet monitoring module continuously captures images at a preset frame rate (generally ≥1000fps), and the field of view covers the complete trajectory of the ink droplet from the nozzle to the substrate, ensuring that the morphological changes of the ink droplet during the entire flight process are captured, providing real and comprehensive image data support for subsequent parameter extraction and feedback optimization.

[0089] 503. Extract droplet volume, droplet flight speed, droplet roundness, and droplet velocity consistency from dynamic images to obtain droplet state parameters;

[0090] In this embodiment, the embedded processor of the ink droplet monitoring module processes the acquired dynamic images. First, it filters out image noise using a Gaussian filtering algorithm, then uses binarization to highlight the grayscale difference between the ink droplet and the background, and finally uses the Canny edge detection algorithm to accurately extract the ink droplet contour. Subsequently, parameters are calculated based on the contour data: the ink droplet volume is estimated by combining the equivalent circular area with the flight trajectory thickness; the ink droplet flight speed is calculated by the displacement difference of the ink droplet centroid in adjacent frames and the frame interval time; the ink droplet roundness is calculated by the contour roundness formula; and the ink droplet speed consistency is calculated by the coefficient of variation (CV) (CV = standard deviation / mean) of the flight speed in multiple consecutive frames. After all parameters are calculated, they are transmitted to the control device in real time via the Ethernet interface.

[0091] Please see Figure 6 The six embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0092] The preset target values ​​include ink droplet volume target value, flight speed target value, roundness target value, and speed consistency target value;

[0093] In this embodiment, the preset target values ​​are preset and stored by the control device according to the accuracy requirements of the printing task, the printhead model adaptation parameters, and the ink characteristics. Among them, the ink droplet volume target value is used to ensure the printing resolution; the flight speed target value is determined based on the optimized distance between the printhead and the substrate to ensure that the ink droplets land smoothly without splashing; the roundness target value is used to ensure that the ink droplet shape is regular and to avoid printing stains and rough texture; and the speed consistency target value is used to ensure the uniformity of continuous printing.

[0094] 601. Compare the ink droplet state parameters with the corresponding preset target values ​​one by one, calculate the deviation value of each parameter, and obtain the comparison result;

[0095] In this embodiment, after receiving the ink droplet status parameters (ink droplet volume, ink droplet flight speed, ink droplet roundness, and ink droplet speed consistency) transmitted by the ink droplet monitoring module, the control device will match and compare them with the preset target values; the ink droplet volume parameter corresponds to the ink droplet volume target value, the ink droplet flight speed corresponds to the flight speed target value, the ink droplet roundness corresponds to the roundness target value, and the ink droplet speed consistency corresponds to the speed consistency target value.

[0096] The comparison process uses a quantitative calculation method, which calculates the relative deviation percentage as "(actual value - target value) / target value × 100%".

[0097] 602. If the comparison result shows a large deviation, then generate macroscopic adjustment parameters for the adapted analog switch matrix;

[0098] In this embodiment, the criteria for determining large deviations are: relative deviation percentage of ink droplet volume > ±5%, relative deviation percentage of roundness > ±5%, and speed consistency deviation > 0.5%. Such deviations are usually caused by systematic factors such as changes in ink viscosity or drastic fluctuations in ambient temperature, and need to be adapted by adjusting the overall waveform structure.

[0099] When generating macroscopic adjustment parameters, the control device quantifies and calculates the adjustment amount based on the type and value of the deviation.

[0100] If the ink droplet volume is too large or the roundness is too low due to the increase in ink viscosity, a macroscopic adjustment parameter of "switching to multi-pulse waveform path and extending pulse interval" will be generated.

[0101] If the decrease in viscosity leads to a deterioration in the consistency of ink droplet speed, a macroscopic adjustment parameter is generated to "switch to a single-pulse waveform path and shorten the pulse duration".

[0102] If the injection speed is too fast due to increased temperature, a macroscopic adjustment parameter of "reducing the waveform rising / falling edge adjustment duration" will be generated; if the injection speed is too slow due to decreased temperature, a macroscopic adjustment parameter of "extending the waveform rising / falling edge adjustment duration" will be generated.

[0103] The advantage of macro-level parameter adjustments is that they can quickly offset large deviations caused by systemic factors, laying the foundation for micro-level fine-tuning and avoiding the inability to solve overall adaptation problems due to local adjustments.

[0104] 603. If the comparison result shows a minor deviation, generate micro-adjustment parameters to adapt to the digital-to-analog conversion module;

[0105] In this embodiment, the criteria for judging minute deviations are: relative deviation percentage of ink droplet volume ≤ ±5%, relative deviation percentage of flight speed ≤ ±5%, relative deviation percentage of roundness ≤ ±5%, and speed consistency deviation ≤ 0.5%. Such deviations are usually caused by local factors such as individual differences in printheads and random fluctuations in ink droplet ejection. There is no need to adjust the waveform structure; only the signal amplitude and frequency need to be finely adjusted to compensate for them.

[0106] When generating micro-adjustment parameters, the control device calculates and generates them based on the mapping relationship between the deviation value and the DAC output parameters;

[0107] Because the DAC amplitude is linearly positively correlated with the ink droplet volume, if there is a relative deviation in the ink droplet volume, a micro-adjustment parameter for "adjusting the DAC output amplitude" is generated.

[0108] Because the DAC frequency affects the deformation rate of the piezoelectric ceramic, which in turn affects the flight speed; if there is a relative deviation in the flight speed, a micro-adjustment parameter for "adjusting the DAC output frequency" is generated; if there is a relative deviation between the droplet volume and the flight speed, the micro-adjustment parameter is generated according to the priority of "adjusting the DAC output amplitude first, then adjusting the DAC output frequency".

[0109] The advantage of micro-adjustment parameters lies in their high adjustment accuracy and fast response speed. They can offset local minor deviations without changing the waveform structure, thus ensuring the accuracy of ink droplet ejection.

[0110] 604. Integrate the macro-adjustment parameters and micro-adjustment parameters to obtain the set of adjustment parameters.

[0111] Please see Figure 7 The seven embodiments of the nozzle driving method in this invention include:

[0112] 701. Retrieve macroscopic and microscopic adjustment parameters from the adjustment parameter set;

[0113] In this embodiment, the control device first identifies the priority identifier of the adjustment parameter set; in actual adjustment, the adjustment priority of macroscopic adjustment parameters is higher than that of microscopic adjustment parameters; the control device first retrieves macroscopic adjustment parameters and then retrieves microscopic adjustment parameters to ensure that the subsequent adjustment execution order conforms to the optimization logic of macroscopic first and microscopic later.

[0114] Macro-level adjustments target systemic and global factors such as differences in ink viscosity and drastic fluctuations in ambient temperature. These factors can directly lead to a mismatch between waveform structure and printing requirements. If micro-level adjustments are made first, even if the signal amplitude or frequency is fine-tuned, the waveform structure compatibility problem cannot be solved. In fact, the adjustment may fail due to structural misalignment. Macro-level adjustments, on the other hand, optimize the core structure such as waveform transmission path and timing, which can first establish a basic framework for the printing process. Only then can micro-level adjustments accurately compensate for minor local deviations and ensure overall optimization.

[0115] 702. Send the macroscopic adjustment parameters to the analog switch matrix to control the analog switch matrix to update the waveform transmission path configuration and the adjustment logic of waveform rising edge, falling edge and duration, so as to obtain an optimized analog switch matrix;

[0116] In this embodiment, the control device sends macroscopic adjustment parameters to the analog switch matrix via the SPI interface; after receiving the parameters, the analog switch matrix stores the macroscopic adjustment parameters in its built-in registers.

[0117] If the parameters include path adjustment instructions (such as switching to a multi-pulse waveform path), the path selection logic circuit inside the analog switch matrix immediately updates the channel on / off state, guiding the subsequent input analog voltage waveform to the new configuration path; if the macroscopic adjustment parameters include timing adjustment instructions, the timing control unit of the analog switch matrix synchronously updates the switch on / off timing table to ensure that subsequent waveform adjustments are executed according to the new parameters.

[0118] After the parameters are updated, the analog switch matrix sends a configuration ready signal to the control device via the SPI interface, completing the optimization iteration and obtaining an optimized analog switch matrix that adapts to the current printing requirements.

[0119] 703. Send the micro-adjustment parameters to the digital-to-analog converter module to control the waveform amplitude output parameters and waveform frequency output parameters of the digital-to-analog converter module, so as to optimize the digital-to-analog converter module;

[0120] In this embodiment, after receiving the configuration ready signal of the analog switch matrix, the control device sends the micro-adjustment parameters to the digital-to-analog converter module via the SPI interface to update the operating parameters of the DAC inside the digital-to-analog converter module:

[0121] For waveform amplitude output parameters, the conversion ratio between digital signal and analog voltage is changed by adjusting the reference voltage or gain control register of the DAC to ensure that the amplitude of the output analog voltage accurately matches the adjustment requirements. For waveform frequency output parameters, the input rate of digital signal is adjusted by updating the clock control unit of the DAC, thereby changing the period and frequency of the output analog voltage waveform. After the update is completed, the digital-to-analog conversion module feeds back a configuration ready signal to the control device, forming an optimized digital-to-analog conversion module.

[0122] 704. Generate an optimized analog voltage waveform based on the optimized digital-to-analog conversion module, and then generate an optimized target analog waveform based on the optimized analog voltage waveform and the optimized analog switch matrix;

[0123] 705. Input the optimized target analog waveform into the high-voltage amplifier circuit to generate the optimized drive level;

[0124] In this embodiment, the control device sends a waveform generation command to the optimized digital-to-analog conversion module. Based on the updated amplitude and frequency parameters, the module converts the digital waveform signal into a low-noise, high-fidelity optimized analog voltage waveform, completing micro-precision compensation. Subsequently, this waveform is transmitted to the optimized analog switch matrix. The matrix allocates, combines, or adjusts the path and timing logic according to the updated path configuration to form the optimized target analog waveform. After the optimized target analog waveform is input to the high-voltage amplifier circuit, it is boosted to the optimized drive level after the pre-stage voltage amplification and post-stage power amplification. The optimized drive level is transmitted to the printhead, driving the printhead to eject ink droplets whose state is closer to the preset target value. At the same time, the ink droplet monitoring module starts acquisition again, entering the next round of monitoring, comparison, and optimization closed-loop cycle, continuously compensating for dynamic changes during the printing process, and ensuring ink droplet ejection consistency and stable printing accuracy.

[0125] The nozzle driving method in the embodiments of the present invention has been described above. The nozzle driving system in the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 One embodiment of the nozzle driving system in this invention includes:

[0126] The printhead driving system includes: a control device 801 and an analog-to-digital converter module 802, an analog switch matrix 803, a high-voltage amplifier circuit 804, a printhead 805, and an ink droplet monitoring module 806 electrically connected to the control device 801; the control device 801 is used to execute the printhead driving method described above.

[0127] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a nozzle driving device 900 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The nozzle driving device 900 can vary significantly due to different configurations or performance characteristics. It may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 910 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 920, and one or more storage media 930 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) storing application programs 933 or data 932. The memory 920 and storage media 930 can be temporary or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage media 930 may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the nozzle driving device 900. Furthermore, the processor 910 may be configured to communicate with the storage media 930 and execute the series of instruction operations in the storage media 930 on the nozzle driving device 900 to implement the steps of the nozzle driving method provided in the above-described method embodiments.

[0128] The nozzle driving device 900 may also include one or more power supplies 940, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 950, one or more input / output interfaces 960, and / or one or more operating systems 931, such as Windows Server, Mac OS X, Unix, Linux, FreeBSD, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 9 The nozzle drive device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the nozzle drive device, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0129] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium or a volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the nozzle driving method.

[0130] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system, device, or unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of driving a showerhead, characterized by, The application is applied to a nozzle driving system, and the nozzle driving system comprises a control device, a digital-to-analog conversion module electrically connected to the control device, an analog switch matrix, a high-voltage amplification circuit, a nozzle and a droplet monitoring module; the nozzle driving method comprises the following steps: A digital waveform signal is generated based on printing requirements, and the digital waveform signal is converted into an analog voltage waveform by using a digital-to-analog conversion module; An analog voltage waveform is configured by using an analog switch matrix to generate a target analog waveform; An initial driving level is generated by controlling a high-voltage amplification circuit to amplify the target analog waveform; A nozzle is driven to spray droplets based on the initial driving level, and a droplet state parameter is collected by using a droplet monitoring module during the droplet spraying process; The droplet state parameter is compared with a preset target value to obtain a comparison result, and an adjustment parameter set is generated according to the comparison result; the comparison of the droplet state parameter with the preset target value to obtain the comparison result and the generation of the adjustment parameter set according to the comparison result comprise: the preset target value comprises a droplet volume target value, a flight speed target value, a roundness target value and a speed consistency target value; the droplet state parameter is compared with the corresponding preset target value one by one, and the deviation value of each parameter is calculated to obtain the comparison result; if the comparison result is a large deviation, a macro adjustment parameter of the analog switch matrix is generated; if the comparison result is a small deviation, a micro adjustment parameter of the digital-to-analog conversion module is generated; the macro adjustment parameter and the micro adjustment parameter are integrated to obtain the adjustment parameter set; An initial driving level generation process is optimized based on the adjustment parameter set to obtain an optimized driving level; the optimization of the initial driving level generation process based on the adjustment parameter set to obtain the optimized driving level comprises: the macro adjustment parameter and the micro adjustment parameter are retrieved from the adjustment parameter set; the macro adjustment parameter is sent to the analog switch matrix to control the analog switch matrix to update the waveform transmission path configuration and the adjustment logic of the waveform rising edge, falling edge and duration to obtain an optimized analog switch matrix; the micro adjustment parameter is sent to the digital-to-analog conversion module to control the digital-to-analog conversion module to output the waveform amplitude parameter and the waveform frequency parameter to obtain an optimized digital-to-analog conversion module; an optimized analog voltage waveform is generated based on the optimized digital-to-analog conversion module, and an optimized target analog waveform is generated based on the optimized analog voltage waveform and the optimized analog switch matrix; the optimized target analog waveform is input into the high-voltage amplification circuit to generate the optimized driving level.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The generation of a digital waveform signal based on printing requirements and the conversion of the digital waveform signal into an analog voltage waveform by using a digital-to-analog conversion module comprise: Printing requirements and compensation parameters are obtained from the control device; the printing requirements comprise ink characteristics, nozzle parameters and environmental temperature; the compensation parameters comprise individual difference compensation parameters, scene adaptation parameters and multi-nozzle timing delay compensation parameters; A physical model is constructed based on electroacoustic analogy theory; The printing requirements and the compensation parameters are input into the physical model to generate a digital waveform signal; The digital waveform signal is converted into an initial analog voltage signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The configuration of an analog voltage waveform by using an analog switch matrix to generate a target analog waveform comprises: According to the preset path configuration instruction, the analog switch matrix is controlled to distribute the initial analog voltage waveform to a corresponding path, and multiple initial analog voltage waveforms are combined through path switching to form a multi-pulse combined waveform. According to the preset waveform configuration instruction, the analog switch matrix is controlled to adjust the rising edge, falling edge and duration parameters of the multi-pulse combined waveform to obtain a target analog waveform.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein The control high-voltage amplification circuit amplifies the target analog waveform to output an initial driving level, including: The front-stage amplification unit of the control high-voltage amplification circuit amplifies the voltage of the target analog waveform to obtain a boosted voltage; The rear-stage amplification unit of the control high-voltage amplification circuit amplifies the boosted voltage to obtain an initial driving level.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein The nozzle is driven to eject ink droplets based on the initial driving level, and during the ink droplet ejection process, the ink droplet monitoring module is used to collect ink droplet state parameters, including: The initial driving level is transmitted to the nozzle to drive the nozzle to eject ink droplets; During the ink droplet ejection process, the ink droplet monitoring module is started synchronously, and dynamic images of the ink droplets during the process of being ejected from the nozzle to the substrate are continuously collected through the ink droplet monitoring module; The ink droplet volume, ink droplet flight speed, ink droplet roundness and ink droplet speed consistency are extracted from the dynamic images to obtain the ink droplet state parameters.

6. A showerhead drive system, comprising: The nozzle driving system includes a control device and a digital-to-analog conversion module, an analog switch matrix, a high-voltage amplification circuit, a nozzle and an ink droplet monitoring module electrically connected to the control device; the control device is used to execute the nozzle driving method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A head driving apparatus characterized by comprising: The nozzle driving device includes a memory and at least one processor, and the memory stores instructions; At least one processor calls the instructions in the memory to make the nozzle driving device execute the steps of the nozzle driving method according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions, the computer-readable storage medium comprising: The instructions are executed by the processor to implement the steps of the nozzle driving method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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