Cross interlocking type slope embankment armor block structure and stability optimization method

Abstract

The invention relates to a crisscross interlocking type slope embankment armor block structure and a stability optimization method, and belongs to the technical field of slope embankment protection.The crisscross interlocking type slope embankment armor block structure comprises a body, four conical interlocking arms are installed on the periphery of the body, and the body is provided with a conical center core body; the four conical interlocking arms are orthogonally distributed on the body in the four 45-degree angle directions, the whole conical interlocking arms are of a three-dimensional space symmetrical structure, and a plurality of cross-shaped interlocking type slope embankment armor block structures are arranged to form a self-constrained whole wave-proof surface layer. By means of the innovative cross interlocking structure and the fluid-structure interaction optimization method, the slope embankment surface protection system with high stability, low material consumption and high wave dissipation capacity is formed, and the slope embankment surface protection system is particularly suitable for protection engineering of open sea ports, breakwaters, artificial islands and new energy infrastructures and has remarkable engineering popularization and economic application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure and stability optimization method. Background Technology

[0002] In coastal and nearshore protection engineering, sloping breakwaters, as an important type of breakwater, are widely used in the construction of ports, waterways, islands, and artificial islands. Their main function is to weaken wave energy and protect the breakwater body and the safety of the harbor waters. However, as marine development activities gradually expand into the deep sea, the wave energy levels, periods, and extreme weather conditions faced by these projects have significantly increased. Traditional sloping breakwater revetment structures have revealed a series of bottlenecks in terms of stability, durability, and construction economy. Especially under the combined effects of strong typhoons, long-period waves, and multi-directional waves, displacement, erosion, and slippage instability of the revetment blocks frequently occur, leading to exposure of the core stone, partial collapse, or even complete destruction, seriously threatening the safety of the project.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used faceplate structures include various irregularly shaped blocks such as the Twisted Kingpin, Four-Legged Cone, Core-Loc, Xbloc, and Cubipod. These blocks generally employ a "gravity + local interlocking" stabilization principle, resisting wave impact through their own weight, increasing friction through surface protrusions, or forming partial embedding through interlocking legs. However, traditional designs still have the following four prominent problems: (1) Stability depends on its own weight, resulting in huge material consumption. Under strong wave conditions, in order to ensure stability, traditional blocks often rely on increasing the mass or thickness of individual units to improve anti-sliding capacity. This "stability through weight" approach leads to a non-linear increase in concrete usage, which not only results in high construction costs and difficulties in transportation and hoisting, but also makes the blocks prone to fracture due to uneven tensile and compressive strength within the blocks. Especially in deep-water sections, the block self-weight method has lost its economic feasibility.

[0004] (2) The two-dimensional interlocking structure is insufficient in resisting oblique waves. The interlocking effect of traditional blocks is mostly limited to the same layer or a single direction (such as convex-concave interlocking, leg crossing). In actual sea conditions, waves often have obvious oblique incidence characteristics and multi-directional distribution. When the direction of wave action is inconsistent with the main interlocking direction of the block, chain slip or interlayer displacement is likely to occur. The existing two-dimensional interlocking form cannot effectively transmit three-dimensional shear force and torque, and its resistance to oblique waves is obviously insufficient.

[0005] (3) A prominent contradiction exists between wave dissipation and stability. To improve wave dissipation, some blocks are designed as hollow or porous to increase energy dissipation and turbulence zones; however, such designs often weaken the block's own strength and contact area, leading to a decrease in overall stability. Conversely, while reinforced solid blocks have good stability, they also reflect energy strongly, easily causing leading-edge scouring and localized erosion. How to achieve a balance between high porosity wave dissipation and structural stability is a key challenge in revetment design.

[0006] (4) Construction relies on manual experience and lacks a basis for fluid-structure interaction design. The layout of existing revetment blocks is mostly based on experience or two-dimensional design drawings, and the block arrangement, angles and contact relationships lack systematic optimization. The construction process relies on manual adjustment and visual correction, resulting in low contact accuracy between blocks and poor overall integrity. At the same time, traditional design formulas fail to fully consider wave dynamics, fluid-structure interaction effects and interlocking force mechanisms between blocks, resulting in large deviations in calculation results, which are difficult to guide engineering applications in complex marine areas.

[0007] With the development of numerical computation and 3D simulation technologies, fluid-structure interaction analysis (CFD-DEM) has become an important tool for studying wave-structure interaction. This method can simulate wave propagation, breaking, and transient impact forces on blocks, thereby revealing the force distribution and motion response of the blocks. However, existing research mainly focuses on the overall response of traditional blocks, and there is a lack of targeted models for novel structures with complex geometric interlocking relationships. Especially in spatially interlocked blocks, the normal force, friction force, and fluid pressure at the contact surface are coupled, making the stability mechanism and energy dissipation path more complex, which traditional calculation methods can hardly describe accurately.

[0008] Furthermore, although some improved revetment blocks have been proposed both domestically and internationally in recent years, such as double-linked blocks, winged blocks, and cross-arm blocks, their innovations are mostly focused on local shape adjustments or surface roughness enhancement, failing to achieve a balance between geometric self-stabilization and multi-directional interlocking. With the rapid development of offshore ports, artificial island groups, and new energy infrastructure, engineering projects are placing higher demands on revetment structures: they must possess lightweight and high stability, while also considering ecological friendliness, ease of construction, and digital design capabilities.

[0009] In summary, current technologies still lack a slope revetment structure capable of achieving three-dimensional spatial interlocking, self-stabilizing, and fluid-structure interaction optimization design. Traditional revetment blocks relying on self-weight and local interlocking cannot fully utilize their overall impact resistance and anti-slip performance in complex wave environments, and also lack parametric design methods oriented towards wave dynamics feedback. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a novel revetment block structure and design method that integrates spatial geometric interlocking, energy dissipation optimization, and numerical simulation feedback mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure and a stability optimization method.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The first aspect of the present invention provides a cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, comprising: a main body, four conical interlocking arms installed around the main body, and a conical central core disposed in the main body. The four conical interlocking arms are orthogonally distributed on the main body along four 45-degree angle directions, forming a three-dimensional spatial symmetrical structure. Several cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment block structures are also provided to form a self-constrained overall wave-breaking surface. When placed on the sloping surface of a sloping embankment, a conical central core is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the main body; when located at the foot of the slope, the main body has only a single conical central core, which is vertically upward and the other side is flat on the bottom surface.

[0012] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, the main body is composed of an octagonal cube with a thickness of 730mm. The block is a solid structure and is the core of force transmission of the block. Its side length is 350-450mm. The main body and the interlocking arm are naturally connected. The top of the conical interlocking arm is beveled, and each side of the four-cornered pyramid is beveled by 90mm.

[0013] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, the top of the conical central core is beveled, each side of the four corner cones is beveled by 90mm, and a smooth transition cushion layer structure with a thickness of 50mm and a beveled angle of 15mm is used between the conical central core and the conical interlocking arm.

[0014] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, four interlocking arms are arranged with equal length and cross-section, and the included angle between the arms is 90°. Each interlocking arm includes a root and an end. The rectangular side length of the root section is 730mm, and it forms a fixed connection with the main body. The rectangular side length of the end section is 550mm, and the cross-section is rectangular. The root is chamfered.

[0015] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, the center lines of the four interlocking arms are distributed along the ±X, ±Y, and ±Z directions, with an angle of 90° between the arms. When multiple blocks are laid on the slope embankment surface, the arm ends of adjacent blocks interlock and embed, forming a three-dimensional spatial interlocking system.

[0016] The second aspect of this invention provides a stability optimization method for a cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment revetment block structure, applicable to any of the cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment revetment block structures described in any one of the claims, comprising the following steps: Obtain historical wave data for the current region under different meteorological data, and construct a wave data prediction model based on the historical wave data for the current region under different meteorological data; Obtain meteorological data for the current area within a preset time period, and predict wave data for the current area under the meteorological data within the preset time period using the wave data prediction model; Construct a stability index evaluation function, and initialize the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters based on the wave data under the meteorological data of the current area within a preset time and the stability index evaluation function. A genetic algorithm is introduced to perform genetic iteration on the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters, and output the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters.

[0017] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, wave data of the current area under different meteorological data is obtained, and a wave data prediction model is constructed based on the historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data. Specifically: Historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data is collected, and a wave data prediction model is built based on a deep neural network. Meteorological data is used as the model input and wave data is used as the model output. Configure the number of network layers, learning rate, and training times of the deep neural network. Train the wave data prediction model based on the number of network layers and learning rate. After reaching the specified number of training times, calculate the prediction accuracy when predicting wave data after reaching the specified number of training times. The wave data prediction model training is complete when the prediction accuracy when predicting wave data after reaching the specified number of training iterations is greater than the preset prediction accuracy.

[0018] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, meteorological data of the current area within a preset time period is obtained, and wave data of the current area under the meteorological data within the preset time period is predicted by the wave data prediction model, specifically: Obtain meteorological data for the current area within a preset time period, and input the meteorological data for the current area within the preset time period into the wave data prediction model for prediction; By forecasting, wave data is obtained for the current region within a preset time period based on meteorological data, and the wave data with the highest value is selected as the wave data for the current region within the preset time period based on meteorological data.

[0019] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, a stability index evaluation function is constructed. Based on the wave data under meteorological data within a preset time period for the current area, and the stability index evaluation function, the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters are initialized. Specifically: Construct a stability index evaluation function, where the following relationship is satisfied: , Where Fm is the average contact friction coefficient between blocks, Ed is the wave energy dissipation ratio per unit volume, Mc is the block rotation constraint moment coefficient, and α, β, γ are weighting factors. The stability distribution under different layout parameters is obtained through numerical solution. The wave data and stability index evaluation function under the meteorological data of the current area within a preset time are used to initialize the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters.

[0020] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, a genetic algorithm is introduced. Based on the genetic algorithm, the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer staggered joint parameters are genetically iterated to output the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters, specifically: A genetic algorithm is introduced, and the genetic generation is set based on the genetic algorithm. Based on the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer staggered joint parameters, the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure under the wave data under the meteorological data within the preset time in the current area is calculated. Set a stability index evaluation threshold to determine whether the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure under wave data under meteorological data within a preset time in the current area is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold. When the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure under the wave data of the meteorological data in the current area within a preset time is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold, the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters are output and used as the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters. When the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure under the wave data of the meteorological data in the current area within a preset time is not greater than the stability index evaluation threshold, genetics is performed based on the genetic generation, and the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters are adjusted.

[0021] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a six-arm interlocking geometry to achieve three-dimensional confinement, effectively preventing chain slippage of the blocks under multi-directional wave action. This enhances the interlocking stability of the structure's spatial arrangement and allows it to maintain stability without relying on excessive self-weight, reducing the weight of individual units by 30% and significantly saving concrete. The complex surface and internal pores of this structure create multi-level turbulent energy dissipation zones, reducing wave reflection and scouring at the toe. Furthermore, this invention combines CFD-DEM analysis to achieve parametric design and performance evaluation, ensuring that the structure reaches its optimal state during the design phase. Through an innovative cross-interlocking structure and fluid-structure interaction optimization method, this invention forms a sloping breakwater protection system that combines high stability, low material consumption, and strong wave dissipation capabilities. It is particularly suitable for protection projects in offshore ports, breakwaters, artificial islands, and new energy infrastructure, and has significant engineering promotion and economic application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure is shown; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure during use is shown. Figure 4 A first isometric 3D view of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure is shown; Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second isometric structure of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure is shown; Figure 7 A side view diagram of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure is shown. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the third isometric structure of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure is shown.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Body, 2. Conical interlocking arm, 3. Conical central core. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, they only show the components related to the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, comprising: a main body 1, four conical interlocking arms 2 installed around the main body 1, and a conical central core 3 disposed in the main body. Four conical interlocking arms 2 are orthogonally distributed on the main body 1 along four 45-degree angle directions, forming a three-dimensional spatial symmetrical structure. Several cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment block structures are set to form a self-constrained overall wave-breaking surface. like Figure 3 As shown, the geometry of this structure originates from the principle of "diagonal intersection of cubes," consisting of a main body, a conical central core perpendicular to the main body, and four conical interlocking arms orthogonally distributed along four 45-degree angles on the main body, forming a three-dimensional spatially symmetrical structure. Mechanically, this structure forms a "cellular unit" stable unit, and multiple blocks, when laid out, can form a self-constrained overall wave-damping surface.

[0030] When placed on the sloping surface of a wave embankment, the main body has a conical central core on both the upper and lower surfaces, and the whole is collectively referred to as the RexCELL BLOCK block; when located at the foot of the slope, the block has only a single conical central core, which is vertically upward and the other side is flat on the bottom surface, and the whole is collectively referred to as the RexFOOT BLOCK block.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, due to structural reasons, the blocks located at the toe of the slope use non-standard blocks, especially the conical central core, which is set on one side of the main body. The RexCELL BLOCK block can be placed flat on the cushion layer, and the conical central core is set on both the upper and lower surfaces of the main body. The blocks are placed on the slope of the inclined wave embankment. The shape of the block located at the toe of the slope is slightly different from that of the main block. This block is called the RexFOOT BLOCK and its shape is as follows. Figure 2 As shown, this block has only a single conical central core, which faces vertically upwards, with the other side lying flat on the bottom surface. This block acts as the toe of the sloping embankment, supporting the upper RexCELL BLOCK blocks. The placement can be referenced in the diagram. The example uses a 3m³ RexCELL BLOCK block for illustration; the dimensions of blocks with different volumes should be adjusted accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, the main body is composed of octagonal cubes with a thickness of 730mm. The block is a solid structure and is the core of force transmission. Its side length is 350-450mm, and the main body and the interlocking arms are naturally connected. The top of the conical interlocking arm is beveled, and each side of the four-cornered pyramid is beveled by 90mm.

[0033] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, the top of the conical central core is beveled, each side of the four corner cones is beveled by 90mm, and a smooth transition cushion layer structure with a thickness of 50mm and a bevel size of 15mm is used between the conical central core and the conical interlocking arm.

[0034] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, the four interlocking arms are arranged with equal length and cross-section, and the included angle between the arms is 90°. Each interlocking arm includes a root and an end. The rectangular side length of the root section is 730mm, which forms a fixed connection with the main body. The rectangular side length of the end section is 550mm, and the cross-section is rectangular. The root is chamfered.

[0035] Furthermore, in the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, the center lines of the four interlocking arms are distributed along the ±X, ±Y, and ±Z directions, with an angle of 90° between the arms. When multiple blocks are laid on the slope embankment surface, the arm ends of adjacent blocks interlock and embed, forming a three-dimensional spatial interlocking system.

[0036] It should be noted that the main body of the block is composed of an octagonal cube with a thickness of 730mm. This solid structure serves as the core for force transmission, with side lengths (or equivalent diameters) ranging from 350 to 450mm. The main body and interlocking arms are seamlessly connected, with the tops of the conical interlocking arms chamfered at 90mm, ensuring continuous stress flow and preventing sharp corner breakage. The main body and the conical central core are seamlessly connected by a 50mm thick padding layer. This central core is the mechanical core of the block, bearing the primary functions of impact load transmission and compressive support; its tops are also chamfered at 90mm, with each of the four conical sides chamfered at 90mm. To avoid stress concentration and enhance force flow continuity, a smooth transition padding layer with a 50mm thick chamfer and a 15mm chamfer is used between the core and the arms. The four interlocking arms are arranged with equal lengths and cross-sections, with an included angle of 90° between them. Each interlocking arm consists of a root and an end portion. The rectangular root section has a side length of 730mm and forms a fixed connection with the main body. The end section has a rectangular side length of 550mm, a rectangular cross-section, and a chamfered root. The overall shape is approximately symmetrical, resembling a "four-armed cell." The four interlocking arms are distributed along the ±X, ±Y, and ±Z directions, with an angle of 90° between each arm. When multiple blocks are laid on the surface of a sloping embankment, the arms of adjacent blocks interlock, forming a three-dimensional interlocking system.

[0037] The proportions of the block shape are related to the wave height Hs, and are generally taken as L ≈ 1.2~1.5Hs.

[0038] Recommended size range: L = 1.5~4.0 m; unit weight 1.2~9.0 t.

[0039] The overall porosity is maintained at 38% to 45% to balance energy dissipation and structural stability.

[0040] RexCELL BLOCK is suitable for sloping revetments with a slope ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:2.0. During construction, it is laid from bottom to top along the slope using a crisscrossing, staggered-layer arrangement. The interlocking arms of the upper and lower layers rotate relative to each other by 30° to 45°, forming a spatially interlocking network. Each block makes multiple points of contact with 6 to 8 surrounding blocks, with contact angles of approximately 15° to 25°, effectively transferring horizontal and vertical wave forces and achieving coordinated stress distribution across the entire slope.

[0041] The bottom of the block can be equipped with positioning and limiting protrusions or slope-mounted fixing feet, with a height of approximately 0.05L, to prevent slippage caused by wave disturbance during the initial stage of construction. During installation, mechanical lifting equipment can be used for one-time placement. Because the RexCELL BLOCK structure is symmetrical and has no directional requirements, it can be quickly arranged during construction, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0042] Longitudinal spacing (X direction): The longitudinal center-to-center distance between two independent blocks (measured from the center of the component to the center). The spacing used in the standard grid layout is 1.30~1.36×D. Lateral spacing (Y direction): The center-to-center distance in the uphill direction between two independent blocks (measured from the center of the component to the center). The spacing used in the standard grid layout is 0.62~0.65×D.

[0043] The example uses a 3m³ RexCELL BLOCK block for illustration.

[0044] The longitudinal center-to-center distance between two independent blocks (measured from center to center). The spacing used in the standard grid layout is 3083 mm. The uphill center-to-center distance between two independent Xbloc components (measured from center to center). The spacing used in the standard grid layout is 1472 mm.

[0045] For nonlinear slopes or curved embankments, the length and angle of the interlocking arms can be adjusted through BIM parametric modeling to achieve customized prefabrication and precise assembly.

[0046] The RexCELL BLOCK's overall structure combines "geometric self-stabilization" and "multi-directional interlocking" characteristics. Its force path forms a three-dimensional closed loop, with wave impact force transmitted from the arm ends to the central core, and then dispersed to the surrounding structure by the interlocking arms of adjacent blocks, forming a multi-node force chain system. This design significantly improves anti-sliding, anti-lifting, and anti-rotation stability, reducing the stabilizing weight by 20%–30% compared to traditional Xbloc or T-shaped blocks. Simultaneously, the network of voids between the blocks forms efficient energy dissipation channels, generating multi-level vortices and turbulence in the wave-breaking zone, reducing concentrated reflected energy and lowering the risk of scour at the breakwater toe.

[0047] Its working principle is as follows: Traditional block structures rely on planar contact friction for stability, while this invention utilizes a three-dimensional interlocking principle, forming multi-directional constraints through the geometric interlocking of six arms. When waves generate horizontal thrust, the force on the block is decomposed along the arm direction, transforming into mutual compression and friction, preventing slippage and instability. Vertical impact loads are transferred to the slope through the central core, reducing local stress concentration and forming a "force flow dispersion—overall self-stabilization" stress mode. The outer surface of the block is composed of multiple sets of facets, with high surface roughness and numerous abrupt shape changes, effectively breaking up incident waves. Complex cavities and pore channels are formed between the blocks, where waves undergo multiple reflections, turbulence, and vortex energy dissipation after entering. Wave reflectivity is significantly reduced, and the wave dissipation coefficient is increased by approximately 15–20% compared to traditional T-shaped or four-legged blocks. Furthermore, a controllable seepage zone is formed between the pores, which helps to weaken the impact of reflected waves on the slope and reduce scouring at the toe. Due to the enhanced overall stability caused by the three-dimensional interlocking, the stable weight of a single block can be reduced by 20–30%. The blocks are constructed using high-performance concrete, with an internal cavity design that reduces concrete usage while maintaining sufficient structural strength. The surface of the blocks can be reinforced with a graphene- or basalt fiber-reinforced anti-corrosion layer to improve durability and erosion resistance.

[0048] It should be noted that during construction, the blocks are arranged in an alternating pattern along the slope based on the dike slope and wave incidence angle. The interlocking arms of adjacent blocks are staggered vertically, forming a crisscrossing structural system. Gaps are reserved between the blocks, and their own shapes provide positioning, eliminating the need for additional connecting reinforcement. For high-energy offshore areas, small positioning grooves or anchoring feet can be installed at the bottom of the blocks to prevent displacement caused by initial wave erosion.

[0049] The blocks are made of C40 to C60 high-performance concrete, and 0.5% to 1.0% basalt or carbon fiber can be added to enhance crack resistance. The surface is covered with an epoxy resin-graphene composite protective layer with a thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm, which significantly improves the resistance to salt spray and chloride ion penetration, and the design life exceeds 75 years.

[0050] The second aspect of this invention provides a stability optimization method for a cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment revetment block structure, applicable to any cross-shaped interlocking sloping embankment revetment block structure, comprising the following steps: Obtain historical wave data for the current region under different meteorological data, and construct a wave data prediction model based on the historical wave data for the current region under different meteorological data. Acquire meteorological data for the current area within a preset time period, and predict wave data for the current area within the preset time period using a wave data prediction model; Construct a stability index evaluation function, and initialize the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters based on the wave data under the meteorological data of the current area within a preset time and the stability index evaluation function. A genetic algorithm is introduced to perform genetic iteration on the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters, and output the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters.

[0051] It should be noted that a three-dimensional dynamic model of the wave-face block system is established based on the coupling principle of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and DEM (Discrete Element Method). The model considers the time-varying characteristics of wave data (wave propagation, impact, and inter-block contact forces, friction, and normal pressure). A comprehensive stability index S is defined, consisting of the following three parts: , Where Fm is the average contact friction coefficient between blocks, Ed is the wave energy dissipation ratio per unit volume, Mc is the block rotation constraint moment coefficient, and α, β, and γ are weighting factors. The stability distribution under different layout parameters is obtained through numerical solution.

[0052] A multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was used to iteratively optimize the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters to maximize the overall stability index S and minimize the reflection coefficient. The output results are the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters, providing a scientific basis for engineering design.

[0053] This method can predict the force and motion response of a block under different wave incident angles and periods during the design phase, realizing the transformation from "empirical design" to "numerical optimization design".

[0054] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, wave data of the current area under different meteorological data is obtained, and a wave data prediction model is constructed based on the historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data. Specifically: Historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data is collected, and a wave data prediction model is built based on a deep neural network. Meteorological data is used as the model input and wave data is used as the model output. Configure the number of network layers, learning rate, and training iterations of the deep neural network. Train the wave data prediction model based on the number of network layers and learning rate. After reaching the required number of training iterations, calculate the prediction accuracy when predicting wave data after reaching the required number of training iterations. The wave data prediction model is considered complete when the prediction accuracy exceeds the preset prediction accuracy after a certain number of training iterations.

[0055] Among them, wave data within a preset time period is estimated by combining meteorological data, so as to dynamically adjust the design parameters of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure according to the actual situation.

[0056] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, meteorological data of the current area within a preset time period is obtained, and wave data of the current area under the meteorological data within the preset time period is predicted using a wave data prediction model. Specifically: Acquire meteorological data for the current area within a preset time period, and input the meteorological data for the current area within the preset time period into the wave data prediction model for prediction; By forecasting, wave data is obtained for the current region within a preset time period based on meteorological data, and the wave data with the highest value is selected as the wave data for the current region within the preset time period based on meteorological data.

[0057] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method for the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure, a stability index evaluation function is constructed. Based on the wave data under the meteorological data of the current area within a preset time period and the stability index evaluation function, the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters are initialized, specifically as follows: Construct a stability index evaluation function, where the following relationship is satisfied: , Where Fm is the average contact friction coefficient between blocks, Ed is the wave energy dissipation ratio per unit volume, Mc is the block rotation constraint moment coefficient, and α, β, γ are weighting factors. The stability distribution under different layout parameters is obtained through numerical solution. The wave data and stability index evaluation function under the current regional meteorological data within the preset time are used to initialize the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters.

[0058] Furthermore, in the stability optimization method of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure, a genetic algorithm is introduced. Based on the genetic algorithm, the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer staggered joint parameters are iterated to output the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters, specifically: A genetic algorithm is introduced, and the genetic generation is set based on the genetic algorithm. Based on the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters, the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope embankment block structure under the meteorological data and wave data within the preset time in the current area is calculated. Set a stability index evaluation threshold to determine whether the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure under wave data based on meteorological data within a preset time in the current area is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold. When the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold under the wave data of meteorological data in the current area within a preset time, the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters are output and used as the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters. When the stability index of the cross-shaped interlocking slope revetment block structure is not greater than the stability index evaluation threshold under the wave data of meteorological data in the current area within a preset time, genetics is performed based on the generation of genetics to adjust the block placement angle, porosity and interlayer stagger parameters.

[0059] It should be noted that a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is used to iteratively optimize the block placement angle, porosity, and interlayer stagger parameters to maximize the comprehensive stability index S and minimize the reflection coefficient. The output results are the optimal laying scheme and block geometric parameters, providing a scientific basis for engineering design. This method can predict the stress and motion response of the blocks under different wave incident angles and periods during the design phase, realizing the transformation from "empirical design" to "numerical optimization design," combining actual conditions for defense, and improving the rationality of defense.

[0060] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: Spatial interlocking enhances stability: The six-arm cross geometry achieves three-dimensional positioning, effectively preventing chain slippage of the block under multi-directional wave action.

[0061] Self-stabilizing structure, weight reduction and material saving: It can maintain stability without relying on excessive self-weight, and the weight of a single unit can be reduced by 30%, resulting in significant concrete savings.

[0062] Excellent wave dissipation performance: The complex surface and internal pores form a multi-level turbulence energy dissipation zone, reducing wave reflection and scouring at the toe of the dike.

[0063] Fluid-structure interaction optimization design: Combining CFD-DEM analysis to achieve parametric design and performance evaluation, ensuring that the structure reaches its optimal state during the design phase.

[0064] Construction convenience and digital adaptation: The shape is symmetrical and there are no directional restrictions. It is easy to standardize prefabrication and mechanize the layout. It can be linked with the BIM platform to generate construction simulation.

[0065] In summary, this invention, through its innovative cross-interlocking structure and fluid-structure interaction optimization method, has created a sloping breakwater protection system that combines high stability, low material consumption, and strong wave dissipation capabilities. It is particularly suitable for protection projects of offshore ports, breakwaters, artificial islands, and new energy infrastructure, and has significant engineering promotion and economic application value.

[0066] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. All should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cross-interlocked revetment block structure comprising: The body is provided with four taper interlocking arms around the body, and a taper central core is arranged on the body, characterized in that, The four taper interlocking arms are orthogonally distributed on the body along four 45-degree angle directions, and the whole has a three-dimensional space symmetry structure, and a plurality of cross interlocking slope dike facing block structures are arranged to form a self-constrained overall wave prevention surface layer. When placed on the slope surface of the slope dike, the taper central core is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the body; when located at the slope foot, the block body has only a single taper central core, and the core is vertically upward, and the other surface is placed on the bottom surface.

2. A cross-interlocked ramp embankment revetment block structure according to claim 1, wherein The body is composed of an octagonal cube with a thickness of 730 mm, the block body is a solid structure, and the length of the side is 350-450 mm.

3. The cross-interlocked ramp embankment revetment block structure according to claim 1, wherein, The taper central core is provided with a chamfered top end, and the chamfered size of each side of the four-cornered pyramid is 90 mm.

4. The cross-interlocked ramp embankment revetment block structure according to claim 1, wherein, The taper central core is provided with a chamfered top end, and the chamfered size of each side of the four-cornered pyramid is 90 mm.

5. The X-interlocking ramp embankment armor block structure of claim 1, wherein, The four interlocking arms are arranged with equal length and equal cross section, and the included angle between the arms is 90°.

6. A method of optimizing the stability of a cross-interlocked revetment block structure, characterized in that, The central lines of the four interlocking arms are distributed along ±X, ±Y and ±Z directions, and the included angle between the arms is 90°. The cross interlocking slope dike facing block structure is applied to any one of claims 1-5, and comprises the following steps: Obtain historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data, and construct a wave data prediction model according to the historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data; Obtain meteorological data of the current area within a preset time, and predict wave data under the meteorological data of the current area within the preset time through the wave data prediction model; Construct a stability index evaluation function, and initialize the block body placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misfit parameters according to the wave data under the meteorological data of the current area within the preset time and the stability index evaluation function; 7. The method for stability optimization of a cross-interlocked ramp embankment armor block structure according to claim 6, wherein Introduce a genetic algorithm, and perform genetic iteration on the block body placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misfit parameters based on the genetic algorithm to output an optimal paving scheme and block body geometric parameters. Obtain historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data, and construct a wave data prediction model according to the historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data, specifically as follows: Collect historical wave data of the current area under different meteorological data, and construct a wave data prediction model based on a deep neural network, taking meteorological data as model input and wave data as model output; configure the number of network layers, learning rate and training times of the deep neural network, train the wave data prediction model based on the number of network layers and learning rate, and calculate the prediction accuracy when predicting wave data after the training times are reached; When the prediction accuracy when predicting wave data after the training times are reached is greater than the preset prediction accuracy, the wave data prediction model training is completed.

8. The method for stability optimization of a cross-interlocked ramp embankment armor block structure according to claim 6, wherein Obtain the weather data of the current area within a preset time, and predict the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time through the wave data prediction model, specifically as follows: Obtain the weather data of the current area within a preset time, and input the weather data of the current area within a preset time into the wave data prediction model for prediction; Through prediction, obtain the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time, and select the maximum wave data as the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time.

9. The method for stability optimization of a cross-interlocked ramp embankment armor block structure according to claim 6, wherein Construct a stability index evaluation function, and initialize the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters according to the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time and the stability index evaluation function, specifically as follows: Construct a stability index evaluation function, which satisfies the following relationship: ， Where Fm is the average value of the block contact friction coefficient, Ed is the unit volume wave energy dissipation ratio, Mc is the block rotation constraint moment coefficient, and α, β, γ are weight factors. The stability distribution under different layout parameters is obtained by numerical solution; Initialize the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters according to the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time and the stability index evaluation function.

10. The method for stability optimization of a cross-interlocked ramp embankment armor block structure according to claim 6, wherein Introduce a genetic algorithm, and perform genetic iteration on the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters based on the genetic algorithm to output the optimal paving scheme and block geometric parameters, specifically as follows: Introduce a genetic algorithm, set the number of generations based on the genetic algorithm, and calculate the stability index of the cross-interlocking type slope dike facing block structure below the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time based on the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters; Set a stability index evaluation threshold, and determine whether the stability index of the cross-interlocking type slope dike facing block structure below the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold; When the stability index of the cross-interlocking type slope dike facing block structure below the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time is greater than the stability index evaluation threshold, output the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters as the optimal paving scheme and block geometric parameters; When the stability index of the cross-interlocking type slope dike facing block structure below the wave data below the weather data of the current area within a preset time is not greater than the stability index evaluation threshold, perform genetic operation based on the number of generations, and adjust the block placement angle, void ratio and interlayer misjoint parameters.

Images