Energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator, and belongs to the technical field of industrial waste gas purification equipment. Comprising a furnace body and a combustion module, waste gas is evenly sprayed into an airflow channel by 360 degrees from an air inlet to an insertion type airflow switching valve (or a transverse jet airflow uniform distributor and a vertical curtain slit nozzle), bias flow and hot spots are eliminated, and the utilization rate of a heat accumulator is increased by 30% or above; multi-stage physical mixing of spiral rolling, premixing and secondary afterburning is carried out in the combustion chamber, the VOC removal rate is larger than or equal to 99.9%, and VOClt at an outlet is achieved; 5 mg / Nm < 3 >, COlt; 5 mg / Nm < 3 >; the high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulator 27 recovers more than or equal to 97% of sensible heat, new waste gas can be directly preheated during reverse switching, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced by 7%-10%; a rotary swing guide plate and a rotary scraper executing mechanism are used for online dust removal, and the continuous operation period is prolonged to 12-15 months from conventional 3-4 months; in the whole process, homogenization, preheating, combustion and trapping are completed only through physical cooperation of geometry-flow field-thermal field, and no catalyst or adsorbent needs to be added.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas purification equipment, and particularly relates to an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] The regenerative thermal incineration (RTO) device is one of the mainstream technologies for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at present. The basic principle is to use ceramic heat storage to alternately absorb heat and release heat, so that the waste gas is oxidized and decomposed into CO2 and H2O at 760 DEG C to 850 DEG C, and more than 90% of the heat is recovered. However, the existing RTO has the following key defects in long-term operation: The traditional side or top single-point gas inlet mode forms an obvious speed gradient on the cross section of the heat storage body, and the local area has a too high flow speed (2 m / s), which causes local overheating, sintering and pulverization of the heat storage body; local low temperature and VOC penetration, and the purification efficiency is reduced by 5-10%.

[0003] The existing butterfly valve and the lifting valve need to be fixed through flanges and bolts, and there is a sealing dead zone of 2-5 mm. The residual unreacted waste gas is directly short-circuited and discharged at the switching moment; the valve generates a ring stress of 150-200 MPa due to thermal expansion and contraction, and the welding seam cracks frequently, and the furnace needs to be stopped for maintenance every 6-8 months.

[0004] High-boiling-point organic matter is condensed and adheres to the surface of the heat storage body together with dust to form a 1-3 mm thick hard shell, which causes the pressure drop to rise from 2 kPa to 5 kPa in 3-4 months; offline high-temperature decoking is required, and the operation cycle is forced to be shortened to 3-4 months; the fixed partition plate generates a thermal deformation of 1-2 mm under high-temperature cyclic load, which causes the local ceramic heat storage body to be extruded and broken, and the maintenance cost is high and there is a safety risk; therefore, an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator is provided. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims at solving the problems in the prior art, and provides an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: An energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator, comprising a furnace body and a combustion module, wherein the combustion module is installed on the top of the furnace body, the furnace body comprises a heat storage chamber shell and an air inlet opening arranged above the side end face of the heat storage chamber shell, an air outlet opening is arranged at the lower position of the side end face of the heat storage chamber shell, a heat storage body support plate is horizontally arranged at the middle position of the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell, air flow channels are arranged on the surface of the heat storage body support plate, four groups of bottom positioning ribs are arranged at the edge positions of the bottom of the heat storage chamber shell, and the inner end wall of the bottom positioning rib is attached to the outer end wall of the combustion module.

[0007] Further, the combustion module comprises a module shell and a combustion chamber opened in the inner cavity of the module shell, and the combustion chamber is arranged with the plug-in airflow switching valve in the middle; Further, the plug-in airflow switching valve is inserted into the inner cavity of the airflow channel from bottom to top, and the inner cavities of the heat storage chamber shell, the air inlet and the plug-in airflow switching valve are communicated; the exhaust gas to be treated is guided from outside to inside through the air inlet and into the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell, and after the exhaust gas is gathered in the central top of the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell, it flows downward through the vertical channel of the plug-in airflow switching valve and is uniformly sprayed into the airflow channels around through the radial holes of the side wall of the plug-in airflow switching valve, thereby eliminating the problems of deflection, local overheating and uneven utilization of heat storage caused by traditional lateral air inlet.

[0008] The plug-in airflow switching valve is inserted into the airflow channel in a plug-in manner, and the plug-in airflow switching valve is seamlessly connected with the heat storage chamber shell. When switching the airflow direction, the plug-in airflow switching valve only needs to be transversely rotated by 90°, so that the air outlet of the plug-in airflow switching valve follows the transverse rotation angle, and all channels can be cut off or conducted without residual dead zones.

[0009] When the plug-in airflow switching valve 23 discharges downward, a strong downward jet flow is formed, and a continuous shear force is generated on the inner wall of the airflow channel; high-boiling-point dust or tar cannot deposit in the orifice, and the on-line continuous operation period is prolonged from the conventional 3-4 months to 8-12 months, and the frequency of decoking and shutdown is reduced.

[0010] After the exhaust gas is sprayed out through the side holes of the plug-in airflow switching valve, the speed is improved, and in the space formed by the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell and the heat storage support plate, a ring-shaped turbulent layer is formed; the unreacted VOC and the high-temperature flue gas are mixed again in the turbulent layer, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0011] The outer wall of the plug-in airflow switching valve is gap-fitted with the airflow channel, and the valve body can freely expand in the airflow channel when it is expanded at high temperature, thereby avoiding the weld cracking of the traditional flange valve caused by thermal stress.

[0012] When the exhaust gas is sprayed at high speed through the side holes of the plug-in airflow switching valve into the surrounding heat storage bodies, a downward and annular spiral flow field is formed in the cavity of the heat storage chamber shell, and the centrifugal force of the spiral flow throws solid particles or liquid droplets to the inner wall of the heat storage chamber shell, and the particles slide down along the wall to the bottom ash chute; the clean airflow continues to flow downward through the heat storage bodies.

[0013] The separated particles continuously exchange heat with the wall of the heat storage body during the sliding process, and the temperature of the particles is increased; when the particles fall into the bottom ash hopper, the heat is returned to the low-temperature exhaust gas entering the air inlet through the external heat exchanger, and the sensible heat recovery between the particles and the exhaust gas is completed.

[0014] Further, the combustion module further comprises a replaceable cross jet flow distributor and a vertical curtain slit nozzle.

[0015] Further, the output end of the vertical curtain slit nozzle is vertically downwardly opened. After the replaceable cross jet flow distributor and the vertical curtain slit nozzle are combined, the gas flow path, the velocity field and the concentration field are changed, thus a new set of "physical to physical" synergistic effects is generated, which is "cross jet - vertical curtain - rotational vortex" ternary coupling instantaneous homogenization reaction. Cross jet: the two side end faces of the cross jet flow distributor are horizontally arranged to form vertical curtain slit nozzles, and the exhaust gas is cut into a plurality of high-speed sheet jets by the horizontal slits when flowing axially in the cross jet flow distributor. Since the slits are uniformly distributed along the axial direction, the sheet jets form 360° full coverage in the circumferential direction, completely eliminating the circumferential unevenness of the traditional central nozzle.

[0016] Vertical curtain: each sheet jet is immediately turned downward by 90° after leaving the vertical curtain slit nozzle, forming a vertical downward "air curtain". A plurality of air curtains fall in parallel, and strong shear layers are generated between adjacent air curtains, which volatilize the surrounding high-temperature flue gas and form a micron-level turbulent layer. The turbulent layer compresses the VOC concentration pulse from ±20% to ±3%, achieving instantaneous homogenization.

[0017] Rotational vortex: since the vertical curtain slit nozzles 25 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cross jet flow distributor 24, the left and right air curtains are in a mirror image state after turning. The collision surface generates a periodic Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex frequency of 120-150 Hz. The vortex quickly brings the heat of the high-temperature flue gas into the core area of the exhaust gas in the form of "vortex pipe", so that the temperature of the exhaust gas is uniformly increased by 50-70℃ before entering the heat accumulator, and the unreacted VOC and the high-temperature flue gas are volatilized to the molecular scale, physically completing the "preheating and homogenization" double task.

[0018] In summary, the cross jet flow distributor and the vertical curtain slit nozzle change the incineration reaction from "space-time separation" to "space-time coupling", which pushes the combustion efficiency to the chemical limit of the traditional RTO in the pure physical level.

[0019] Further, the combustion module further comprises a swing bracket assembly arranged and installed on the bottom of the inner cavity wall of the module shell, the upper end face of the swing bracket assembly is flatly laid with a high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulator, the upper end face of the high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulator is installed with a rotary scraping blade actuator, and the rotary scraping blade actuator is movably installed at the middle position of the rotary scraping blade actuator.

[0020] Further, the swing support assembly comprises a support base and a sliding rail installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the support base, the upper end surface of the support base is provided with a sliding platform, the bottom end surface of the sliding platform slides along the sliding rail, the two side end surfaces of the support base are provided with lateral limiters, the two sides of the sliding platform are vertically provided with vertical connecting arms, and the top of the sliding platform and the vertical connecting arms are provided with high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulators.

[0021] Further, the swing support assembly comprises a support base and a sliding rail installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the support base, the upper end surface of the support base is provided with a sliding platform, the bottom end surface of the sliding platform slides along the sliding rail, the two side end surfaces of the support base are provided with lateral limiters, the two sides of the sliding platform are vertically provided with vertical connecting arms, and the top of the sliding platform and the vertical connecting arms are provided with high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulators.

[0022] Further, the swing support assembly comprises a support base and a sliding rail installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the support base, the upper end surface of the support base is provided with a sliding platform, the bottom end surface of the sliding platform slides along the sliding rail, the two side end surfaces of the support base are provided with lateral limiters, the two sides of the sliding platform are vertically provided with vertical connecting arms, and the top of the sliding platform and the vertical connecting arms are provided with high-thermal-conductivity honeycomb heat accumulators. The rotating swing guide plate swings back and forth by ±5° to ±15° with the rotating pivot as the pivot, so that the curtain airflow formed between the horizontal jet flow distributor and the vertical curtain slit nozzle periodically changes the incident angle at the inlet end surface; originally 90° vertical impact becomes 75° to 105° "sweeping" impact, avoiding fixed stagnation point overheating, while uniformly "fan-shaped" spreading the airflow.

[0023] The rotating scraper actuator rotates in the inner cavity of the rotating swing guide plate, the annular rotating arm at the outer edge of the rotating drive disc and the inner wall of the rotating swing guide plate form a shearing gap of 1-3 mm; when the high-speed airflow passes through the gap, it is cut into a thin layer of 0.5-1 mm, generating small-scale vortex rolls of 100-200 Hz. The vortex rolls suck the high-temperature flue gas and unburned VOCs to the molecular scale within 10-20 ms, physically completing "premixing".

[0024] The bottom drive shaft of the transmission shaft is in sealing sliding fit with the bottom surface of the rotating swing guide plate, and when rotating, liquid droplets or dust with higher density are thrown to the wall surface of the rotating swing guide plate, forming a liquid film of 0.2-0.3 mm thick, which is guided to the slag discharge groove by the swing of the rotating swing guide plate; clean airflow is forced to concentrate in the central shaft area, forming a uniform rotational flow core.

[0025] The combination of swing and rotation makes the effective flow area of the rotating swing guide plate outlet periodically change, playing a "dynamic throttle" role; when the VOC concentration instantaneously increases, the throttle decreases, prolonging the residence time; when the concentration decreases, the throttle increases, reducing the pressure drop.

[0026] Furthermore, a rotating scraper actuator is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the rotating oscillating guide plate. The rotating scraper actuator includes a rotating drive disk and a transmission shaft installed at the bottom of the rotating drive disk. The outer ring of the rotating drive disk has an annular rotating arm. A scraper is axially positioned at the bottom of the annular rotating arm. The bottom of the transmission shaft is installed with a drive shaft, and the bottom of the drive shaft is in contact with the bottom of the inner cavity wall of the rotating oscillating guide plate. The high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body at the lower end of the combustion chamber allows the 750-800℃ flue gas at the end of the swirl to pass through immediately, storing 70% of the sensible heat in the honeycomb. When the system switches in reverse in the next cycle, this heat is used to preheat the newly entered exhaust gas, and the system heat recovery efficiency is ≥97%.

[0027] The rotating oscillating guide plate and the rotating drive disk-drive shaft of the rotating scraper actuator constitute the "rotating scraper". Each time an airflow switch is completed, the rotating scraper actuator drives the drive shaft to rotate 30°, mechanically stripping the dust and tar deposited on the surface of the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body and letting them fall into the bottom ash hopper. The sliding track allows the sliding platform to expand and contract freely with temperature, avoiding cracking of traditional fixed partitions due to thermal stress. The entire swing bracket assembly, high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body, swirling flow guide device and rotating scraper actuator are modular drawer designs, which can be pulled out for maintenance within 30 minutes.

[0028] After being processed by the combustion module, the gas temperature is 750-800℃, which has fully reached the auto-ignition temperature, and the VOC concentration is <5mg / Nm³. 3 Removal rate ≥99.9%; CO concentration: <5mg / Nm³ 3 Hazardous substances: Droplets, dust, and tar removal ≥85%; Airflow pattern: Uniform swirling flow, stable speed, and uniform temperature, concentration, and direction; Combustibility: No combustible components, can be directly discharged into downstream waste heat recovery or chimney; The treated gas is connected to an external suction device through outlet 13 to discharge the gas from the device.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The air inlet to the insertion airflow switching valve (or cross-jet airflow distributor + vertical curtain slit nozzle) sprays the exhaust gas evenly into the airflow channel at 360°, eliminating flow deviation and hot spots, and increasing the utilization rate of the heat storage body by more than 30%.

[0030] 2. The multi-stage physical mixing process of "swirl-premix-secondary combustion" in the combustion chamber ensures a VOC removal rate of ≥99.9% and an outlet VOC level of <5mg / Nm³. 3 CO < 5 mg / Nm 3The high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage element 27 recovers ≥97% of sensible heat, and can directly preheat the new exhaust gas when switching in reverse, reducing system energy consumption by 7% to 10%; the rotating oscillating guide plate + rotating scraper actuator cleans the dust online, extending the continuous operation cycle from the conventional 3 to 4 months to 12 to 15 months.

[0031] 3. Thermal expansion compensation of sliding rails and sliding platforms to avoid weld cracking; overall maintenance of drawer-type modules within 30 minutes; the "dynamic throttling valve" function of the rotating swing guide plate matches load changes in real time, and the system does not need to be adjusted when VOC concentration fluctuates by ±50%.

[0032] 4. The pressure drop of the spiral-cell combination is ≤3kPa, which is 25% to 35% lower than that of the traditional solution. The power consumption of the fan is reduced accordingly. The insertion-type airflow switching valve, the cross-jet airflow distributor and the airflow channel 15 are fitted with a gap, resulting in zero thermal stress transfer and an overall service life of ≥10 years. The entire process relies solely on the physical coordination of geometry, flow field and thermal field to complete homogenization, preheating, combustion and capture, without the need to add catalysts or adsorbents. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace body structure of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the furnace body of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of a cross-jet jet distributor and a vertical curtain slit nozzle structure in an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the swing support assembly, high thermal conductivity honeycomb regenerator, swirling flow guide device and rotating scraper actuator of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gyratory flow guiding device and rotary scraper actuator of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the swing support assembly and the high thermal conductivity honeycomb regenerator of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the swing support assembly structure of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the swirling flow guiding device for an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention. Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the rotating scraper actuator structure of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion-type airflow switching valve structure of an energy-saving and efficient RTO incinerator proposed in this invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Regenerator shell; 12. Air inlet; 13. Air outlet; 14. Regenerator support plate; 15. Airflow channel; 16. Bottom positioning baffle; 2. Combustion module; 21. Module shell; 22. Combustion chamber; 23. Insert-type airflow switching valve; 24. Horizontal jet flow distributor; 25. Vertical curtain slit nozzle; 26. Swing support assembly; 261. Support base; 262. Sliding rail; 263. Sliding platform; 264. Lateral limiting component; 265. Vertical connecting arm; 27. High thermal conductivity honeycomb regenerator; 28. Swinging guide device; 281. Fixed support; 282. Connecting crossbeam; 283. Rotation fulcrum; 284. Rotating swing guide plate; 29. ​​Rotating scraper actuator; 291. Rotating drive disk; 292. Drive shaft; 293. Annular rotating arm; 294. Scraper; 295. Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 10 Example 1: An energy-efficient RTO incinerator includes a furnace body 1 and a combustion module 2. The combustion module 2 is installed on the top of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 includes a regenerator shell 11 and an air inlet 12 opened above the side end face of the regenerator shell 11. An air outlet 13 is opened below the side end face of the regenerator shell 11. A regenerator support plate 14 is laid horizontally in the middle of the inner cavity of the regenerator shell 11. Airflow channels 15 are arranged on the surface of the regenerator support plate 14. Four sets of bottom positioning baffles 16 are opened opposite each other at the bottom edge of the regenerator shell 11. The inner end wall of the bottom positioning baffles 16 is attached to the outer end wall of the combustion module 2.

[0037] The combustion module 2 includes a module housing 21 and a combustion chamber 22 opened in the inner cavity of the module housing 21. Insertion-type airflow switching valves 23 are arranged and interspersed in the middle of the combustion chamber 22. The insertable airflow switching valve 23 is inserted into the inner cavity of the airflow channel 15 from bottom to top. The heat storage chamber shell 11, the air inlet 12, the airflow channel 15 and the inner cavity of the insertable airflow switching valve 23 are connected. The waste gas to be treated is guided from the outside to the inside through the air inlet 12 into the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11. After the waste gas gathers at the top center of the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11, it flows downward through the vertical channel of the insertable airflow switching valve 23, and then is evenly sprayed out into the surrounding airflow channels 15 through the radial holes on the side wall of the insertable airflow switching valve 23. This eliminates the problems of flow deviation, local overheating and uneven utilization of heat storage body caused by traditional side air intake.

[0038] The insertable airflow switching valve 23 extends into the airflow channel 15 in an "insertion" manner. The insertable airflow switching valve 23 is seamlessly connected to the heat storage chamber shell 11. When switching the airflow direction, the insertable airflow switching valve 23 only needs to rotate 90° laterally so that the air outlet of the insertable airflow switching valve 23 follows the lateral rotation angle, which can cut off or open all channels without leaving any dead zones.

[0039] When the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23 exhausts downwards, it forms a strong downward jet, generating a continuous shear force on the inner wall of the airflow channel 15; high-boiling-point dust or tar cannot be deposited at the orifice, and the online continuous operation cycle is extended from the conventional 3-4 months to 8-12 months, reducing the frequency of coke cleaning shutdown.

[0040] After the exhaust gas is ejected through the side hole of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23, its velocity increases, and an annular turbulent layer is formed in the space formed by the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11 and the heat storage body support plate 14; unreacted VOCs and high-temperature flue gas are mixed again in the turbulent layer, improving combustion efficiency.

[0041] The outer wall of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23 is clearance-fitted with the airflow channel 15. When the valve body expands at high temperature, it can freely expand and contract within the airflow channel 15, avoiding weld cracking caused by thermal stress in traditional flange valves.

[0042] When the exhaust gas is injected at high speed into the surrounding heat storage body through the side hole of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23, a "downward and circumferential" spiral flow field is formed in the cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11. The centrifugal force of the spiral flow throws solid particles or droplets toward the inner wall of the heat storage chamber shell 11, and they slide down along the wall to the bottom dust collection trough; the clean airflow continues to pass downward through the heat storage body.

[0043] The separated particles continuously exchange heat with the wall of the heat storage body during the sliding process, and the temperature of the particles themselves rises. After the particles fall into the bottom ash hopper, the heat is returned to the low-temperature waste gas entering the air inlet 12 through the external heat exchanger, thus completing the sensible heat recovery between the particles and the waste gas.

[0044] In Example 2, the combustion module 2 also includes a cross jet flow distributor 24 that can replace the insertable airflow switching valve 23. The cross jet flow distributor 24 has vertical curtain slit nozzles 25 arranged horizontally on both sides of its end faces. The output end of the vertical curtain slit nozzles 25 is opened vertically downward at 90 degrees. After replacing the insert-type airflow switching valve 23 with a combination structure of a cross-jet uniform distributor 24 and a vertical curtain slit nozzle 25, the airflow path, velocity field, and concentration field all change, thus generating a completely new set of "physics-to-physics" synergistic effects, namely: the "cross-jet-vertical curtain-swirl" ternary coupling instantaneous homogenization reaction. Horizontal jet: Vertical curtain slit nozzles 25 are arranged in a row on both sides of the horizontal jet distributor 24. When the exhaust gas flows axially inside the horizontal jet distributor 24, it is cut into multiple high-speed thin-film jets by these horizontal slits. Since the slits are evenly distributed along the axial direction, the thin-film jets form a 360° full coverage in the circumferential direction, completely eliminating the circumferential non-uniformity of the traditional central nozzle.

[0045] Vertical Curtain: Each thin jet immediately deflects downwards at a 90° angle after exiting the vertical curtain slit nozzle by 25°, forming a vertically downward "air curtain." Multiple air curtains fall in parallel, creating a strong shear layer between adjacent air curtains, entraining the surrounding high-temperature flue gas and forming a micron-level turbulent layer. This turbulent layer compresses the VOC concentration fluctuation from ±20% to ±3%, achieving instantaneous homogenization.

[0046] Swirling: Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the vertical slit nozzles 25 on both sides of the horizontal jet flow distributor 24, the left and right air curtains are in a mirror-image opposing state after folding; the opposing surfaces generate periodic Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex frequencies of 120-150Hz. The vortex rapidly carries the heat of the high-temperature flue gas into the core area of ​​the exhaust gas in the form of a "vortex tube", so that the temperature of the exhaust gas is uniformly increased by 50-70℃ before entering the heat storage body. At the same time, it draws in unreacted VOCs and high-temperature flue gas to mix at the molecular scale, physically completing the dual tasks of "preheating and homogenization".

[0047] In summary, the transverse jet distributor 24 and the vertical slit nozzle 25 transform the combustion reaction from "space-time separation" to "space-time coupling", pushing the combustion efficiency above the chemical limit of traditional RTO at a purely physical level.

[0048] In embodiment 3, the combustion module 2 further includes a swing bracket assembly 26 arranged and installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the module housing 21. A high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 is laid on the upper end surface of the swing bracket assembly 26. A swirling flow guide device 28 is installed on the upper end surface of the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27. A rotating scraper actuator 29 is movably installed at the middle position of the swirling flow guide device 28.

[0049] The swing bracket assembly 26 includes a bracket base 261 and a sliding rail 262 installed at the middle position of the upper end face of the bracket base 261. A sliding platform 263 is installed on the upper end face of the bracket base 261. The bottom end face of the sliding platform 263 slides along the sliding rail 262. Lateral limiting members 264 are installed on both end faces of the bracket base 261. Vertical connecting arms 265 are vertically installed on both sides of the sliding platform 263. A high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 is installed on the top of the sliding platform 263 and the vertical connecting arms 265.

[0050] The swivel guide device 28 includes a fixed bracket 281 and a connecting beam 282 installed at the interval between two sets of fixed brackets 281. Rotation fulcrums 283 are opened on the inner end faces of the two sets of fixed brackets 281, and swivel guide plates 284 are installed at the interval between the two sets of rotation fulcrums 283.

[0051] The outer end wall of the rotating swing guide plate 284 is rotated and adjusted with the rotation fulcrum 283 as the fulcrum. The rotating oscillating guide plate 284 oscillates back and forth at ±5° to ±15° with the fulcrum 283 as the fulcrum, causing the vertical airflow formed between the cross jet flow distributor 24 and the vertical curtain slit nozzle 25 to periodically change the incident angle at the inlet end face; the original 90° vertical impact becomes a 75° to 105° "sweeping" impact, avoiding overheating of the fixed stagnation point, while spreading the airflow evenly in a "fan shape".

[0052] The rotary scraper actuator 29 rotates within the cavity of the rotary oscillating guide plate 284. The annular rotating arm 293 on the outer edge of its rotary drive disk 291 forms a shear gap of 1–3 mm with the inner wall of the rotary oscillating guide plate 284. When the high-speed airflow passes through the gap, it is cut into a thin layer of 0.5–1 mm, generating a small-scale vortex of 100–200 Hz. This vortex entrains the high-temperature flue gas and unburned VOCs to the molecular scale for mixing within 10–20 ms, physically completing the "premixing" in advance.

[0053] The drive shaft 295 at the bottom of the drive shaft 292 forms a sealed sliding fit with the bottom surface of the rotating oscillating guide plate 284. When rotating, the denser droplets or dust are thrown onto the wall of the rotating oscillating guide plate 284, forming a liquid film of 0.2 to 0.3 mm thickness. As the rotating oscillating guide plate 284 oscillates, it is guided to the slag discharge tank. The clean airflow is forced to concentrate in the central axis area to form a uniform swirling core.

[0054] The combination of oscillation and rotation causes the effective flow area of ​​the oscillating guide plate 284 outlet to change periodically, acting as a "dynamic throttling valve". When the VOC concentration increases instantaneously, the throttling decreases and the residence time is extended; when the concentration decreases, the throttling increases and the pressure drop is reduced.

[0055] In Example 4, a rotary scraper actuator 29 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the rotary swing guide plate 284. The rotary scraper actuator 29 includes a rotary drive disk 291 and a transmission shaft 292 installed at the bottom of the rotary drive disk 291. The outer ring of the rotary drive disk 291 has annular rotating arms 293. Scrapers 294 are axially positioned at the bottom of the annular rotating arms 293. A drive shaft 295 is installed at the bottom of the transmission shaft 292. The bottom of the drive shaft 295 is in contact with the bottom of the inner cavity wall of the rotary swing guide plate 284. The high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 at the lower end of the combustion chamber 22 allows the flue gas at 750-800℃ at the end of the swirl to pass through immediately, storing 70% of the sensible heat in the honeycomb. When the system switches in reverse in the next cycle, this heat is used to preheat the newly entered exhaust gas. The system heat recovery efficiency is ≥97%.

[0056] The rotating oscillating guide plate 284 and the rotating drive disk 291-drive shaft 295 of the rotating scraper actuator 29 constitute a "rotating scraper". Each time an airflow switch is completed, the rotating scraper actuator 29 drives the drive shaft 295 to rotate 30°, mechanically peeling off the dust and tar deposited on the surface of the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 and letting them fall into the bottom ash hopper.

[0057] In Example 5, the sliding rail 262 allows the sliding platform 263 to freely expand and contract with temperature, avoiding cracking of traditional fixed partitions due to thermal stress. The entire swing bracket assembly 26, the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27, the swing flow guide device 28 and the rotating scraper actuator 29 are modular drawer designs, which can be pulled out for maintenance within 30 minutes.

[0058] After being processed by combustion module 2, the gas temperature is 750-800℃, which has fully reached the auto-ignition temperature, and the VOC concentration is <5mg / Nm³. 3 Removal rate ≥99.9%; CO concentration: <5mg / Nm³ 3 Hazardous substances: Droplets, dust, and tar removal ≥85%; Airflow pattern: Uniform swirling flow, stable speed, and uniform temperature, concentration, and direction; Combustibility: No combustible components, can be directly discharged into downstream waste heat recovery or chimney; The treated gas is connected to an external suction device through outlet 13 to discharge the gas from the device.

[0059] In summary: the exhaust gas to be treated is guided from the outside to the inside through the air inlet 12 into the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11. After the exhaust gas gathers at the top center of the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11, it flows downward through the vertical channel of the insertion airflow switching valve 23, and then is evenly sprayed out through the radial holes on the side wall of the insertion airflow switching valve 23 into the surrounding airflow channels 15. This eliminates the problems of flow deviation, local overheating and uneven utilization of the heat storage body caused by traditional side air intake.

[0060] The insertable airflow switching valve 23 extends into the airflow channel 15 in an "insertion" manner. The insertable airflow switching valve 23 is seamlessly connected to the heat storage chamber shell 11. When switching the airflow direction, the insertable airflow switching valve 23 only needs to rotate 90° laterally so that the air outlet of the insertable airflow switching valve 23 follows the lateral rotation angle, which can cut off or open all channels without leaving any dead zones.

[0061] When the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23 exhausts downwards, it forms a strong downward jet, generating a continuous shear force on the inner wall of the airflow channel 15; high-boiling-point dust or tar cannot be deposited at the orifice, and the online continuous operation cycle is extended from the conventional 3-4 months to 8-12 months, reducing the frequency of coke cleaning shutdown.

[0062] After the exhaust gas is ejected through the side hole of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23, its velocity increases, and an annular turbulent layer is formed in the space formed by the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11 and the heat storage body support plate 14; unreacted VOCs and high-temperature flue gas are mixed again in the turbulent layer, improving combustion efficiency.

[0063] The outer wall of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23 is clearance-fitted with the airflow channel 15. When the valve body expands at high temperature, it can freely expand and contract within the airflow channel 15, avoiding weld cracking caused by thermal stress in traditional flange valves.

[0064] When the exhaust gas is injected at high speed into the surrounding heat storage body through the side hole of the insertion-type airflow switching valve 23, a "downward and circumferential" spiral flow field is formed in the cavity of the heat storage chamber shell 11. The centrifugal force of the spiral flow throws solid particles or droplets toward the inner wall of the heat storage chamber shell 11, and they slide down along the wall to the bottom dust collection trough; the clean airflow continues to pass downward through the heat storage body.

[0065] The separated particles continuously exchange heat with the wall of the heat storage body during the sliding process, and the temperature of the particles themselves rises. After the particles fall into the bottom ash hopper, the heat is returned to the low-temperature waste gas entering the air inlet 12 through the external heat exchanger, thus completing the sensible heat recovery between the particles and the waste gas.

[0066] After replacing the insert-type airflow switching valve 23 with a combination structure of a cross-jet uniform distributor 24 and a vertical curtain slit nozzle 25, the airflow path, velocity field, and concentration field all change, thus generating a completely new set of "physics-to-physics" synergistic effects, namely: the "cross-jet-vertical curtain-swirl" ternary coupling instantaneous homogenization reaction. Horizontal jet: Vertical curtain slit nozzles 25 are arranged in a row on both sides of the horizontal jet distributor 24. When the exhaust gas flows axially inside the horizontal jet distributor 24, it is cut into multiple high-speed thin-film jets by these horizontal slits. Since the slits are evenly distributed along the axial direction, the thin-film jets form a 360° full coverage in the circumferential direction, completely eliminating the circumferential non-uniformity of the traditional central nozzle.

[0067] Vertical Curtain: Each thin jet immediately deflects downwards at a 90° angle after exiting the vertical curtain slit nozzle by 25°, forming a vertically downward "air curtain." Multiple air curtains fall in parallel, creating a strong shear layer between adjacent air curtains, entraining the surrounding high-temperature flue gas and forming a micron-level turbulent layer. This turbulent layer compresses the VOC concentration fluctuation from ±20% to ±3%, achieving instantaneous homogenization.

[0068] Swirling: Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the vertical slit nozzles 25 on both sides of the horizontal jet flow distributor 24, the left and right air curtains are in a mirror-image opposing state after folding; the opposing surfaces generate a periodic Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex with a frequency of 120-150Hz. The vortex rapidly carries the heat of the high-temperature flue gas into the core area of ​​the exhaust gas in the form of a "vortex tube", so that the temperature of the exhaust gas is uniformly increased by 50-70℃ before entering the heat storage body. At the same time, it draws in unreacted VOCs and high-temperature flue gas to mix at the molecular scale, physically completing the dual tasks of "preheating and homogenization".

[0069] In summary, the transverse jet distributor 24 and the vertical slit nozzle 25 transform the combustion reaction from "space-time separation" to "space-time coupling", pushing the combustion efficiency above the chemical limit of traditional RTO at a purely physical level.

[0070] The rotating oscillating guide plate 284 oscillates back and forth at ±5° to ±15° with the fulcrum 283 as the fulcrum, causing the vertical airflow formed between the cross jet flow distributor 24 and the vertical curtain slit nozzle 25 to periodically change the incident angle at the inlet end face; the original 90° vertical impact becomes a 75° to 105° "sweeping" impact, avoiding overheating of the fixed stagnation point, while spreading the airflow evenly in a "fan shape".

[0071] The rotary scraper actuator 29 rotates within the cavity of the rotary oscillating guide plate 284. The annular rotating arm 293 on the outer edge of its rotary drive disk 291 forms a shear gap of 1–3 mm with the inner wall of the rotary oscillating guide plate 284. When the high-speed airflow passes through the gap, it is cut into a thin layer of 0.5–1 mm, generating a small-scale vortex of 100–200 Hz. This vortex entrains the high-temperature flue gas and unburned VOCs to the molecular scale for mixing within 10–20 ms, physically completing the "premixing" in advance.

[0072] The drive shaft 295 at the bottom of the drive shaft 292 forms a sealed sliding fit with the bottom surface of the rotating oscillating guide plate 284. When rotating, the denser droplets or dust are thrown onto the wall of the rotating oscillating guide plate 284, forming a liquid film of 0.2 to 0.3 mm thickness. As the rotating oscillating guide plate 284 oscillates, it is guided to the slag discharge tank. The clean airflow is forced to concentrate in the central axis area to form a uniform swirling core.

[0073] The combination of oscillation and rotation causes the effective flow area of ​​the oscillating guide plate 284 outlet to change periodically, acting as a "dynamic throttling valve". When the VOC concentration increases instantaneously, the throttling decreases and the residence time is extended; when the concentration decreases, the throttling increases and the pressure drop is reduced.

[0074] The high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 at the lower end of the combustion chamber 22 allows the flue gas at 750-800℃ at the end of the swirl to pass through immediately, storing 70% of the sensible heat in the honeycomb. When the system switches in reverse in the next cycle, this heat is used to preheat the newly entered exhaust gas. The system heat recovery efficiency is ≥97%.

[0075] The rotating oscillating guide plate 284 and the rotating drive disk 291-drive shaft 295 of the rotating scraper actuator 29 constitute a "rotating scraper". Each time an airflow switch is completed, the rotating scraper actuator 29 drives the drive shaft 295 to rotate 30°, mechanically peeling off the dust and tar deposited on the surface of the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27 and letting them fall into the bottom ash hopper. The sliding rail 262 allows the sliding platform 263 to expand and contract freely with temperature, avoiding cracking of traditional fixed partitions due to thermal stress. The entire swing bracket assembly 26, high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body 27, swing guide device 28 and rotating scraper actuator 29 are modular drawer designs, which can be pulled out for maintenance within 30 minutes.

[0076] After being processed by combustion module 2, the gas temperature is 750-800℃, which has fully reached the auto-ignition temperature, and the VOC concentration is <5mg / Nm³. 3 Removal rate ≥99.9%; CO concentration: <5mg / Nm³ 3 Hazardous substances: Droplets, dust, and tar removal ≥85%; Airflow pattern: Uniform swirling flow, stable speed, and uniform temperature, concentration, and direction; Combustibility: No combustible components, can be directly discharged into downstream waste heat recovery or chimney.

[0077] After processing, the gas is connected to an external suction device through the outlet 13 to discharge the gas from the device.

[0078] The above describes the entire working principle of this invention.

[0079] In this invention, the installation, connection or setting methods of all the components mentioned above are common mechanical methods, and the specific structure, model and coefficient index of all the components are their own technologies. As long as they can achieve their beneficial effects, they can be implemented, so they will not be described in detail.

[0080] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0081] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, and vertical and horizontal" in the terminology only represent the orientation of the term in its conventional use or are common terms understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as limitations on the term. At the same time, numerals such as "first," "second," and "third" do not represent specific quantities or orders, but are merely used to distinguish names. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims

1. An energy-efficient and high-performance RTO incinerator, comprising a furnace body (1) and a combustion module (2), characterized in that, The furnace body (1) is equipped with a combustion module (2) on top. The furnace body (1) includes a heat storage chamber shell (11) and an air inlet (12) opened above the side end face of the heat storage chamber shell (11). An air outlet (13) is opened below the side end face of the heat storage chamber shell (11). A heat storage support plate (14) is laid horizontally in the middle of the inner cavity of the heat storage chamber shell (11). Air flow channels (15) are arranged on the surface of the heat storage support plate (14). Four sets of bottom positioning bars (16) are opened opposite each other at the bottom edge of the heat storage chamber shell (11). The inner end wall of the bottom positioning bars (16) is attached to the outer end wall of the combustion module (2).

2. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion module (2) includes a module housing (21) and a combustion chamber (22) opened in the inner cavity of the module housing (21). Insertion-type airflow switching valves (23) are interspersed in the middle of the combustion chamber (22).

3. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insertable airflow switching valve (23) is inserted into the inner cavity of the airflow channel (15) from bottom to top. The heat storage chamber shell (11), air inlet (12), airflow channel (15) are connected to the inner cavity of the insertable airflow switching valve (23).

4. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combustion module (2) also includes a cross jet flow distributor (24) that can replace the insertable airflow switching valve (23), and the cross jet flow distributor (24) has vertical slit nozzles (25) arranged horizontally on both sides of its end face.

5. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The output end of the vertical slit nozzle (25) is opened vertically downward at 90 degrees.

6. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combustion module (2) also includes a swing bracket assembly (26) arranged and installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the module shell (21). A high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body (27) is laid on the upper end surface of the swing bracket assembly (26). A swirling flow guide device (28) is installed on the upper end surface of the high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body (27). A rotating scraper actuator (29) is movably installed at the middle position of the swirling flow guide device (28).

7. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The swing bracket assembly (26) includes a bracket base (261) and a sliding rail (262) installed at the middle position of the upper end face of the bracket base (261). A sliding platform (263) is installed on the upper end face of the bracket base (261). The bottom end face of the sliding platform (263) slides along the sliding rail (262). Lateral limiting members (264) are installed on both end faces of the bracket base (261). Vertical connecting arms (265) are vertically installed on both sides of the sliding platform (263). A high thermal conductivity honeycomb heat storage body (27) is installed on the top of the sliding platform (263) and the vertical connecting arms (265).

8. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gyratory guide device (28) includes a fixed bracket (281) and a connecting beam (282) installed at the interval between the two sets of fixed brackets (281). Rotation fulcrums (283) are opened on the inner end faces of the two sets of fixed brackets (281), and gyratory guide plates (284) are installed at the interval between the two sets of rotation fulcrums (283).

9. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer end wall of the rotating swing guide plate (284) is rotated and adjusted on both sides with the rotation fulcrum (283) as the fulcrum.

10. The energy-efficient RTO incinerator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotating oscillating guide plate (284) has a rotating scraper actuator (29) installed in its inner cavity. The rotating scraper actuator (29) includes a rotating drive disk (291) and a transmission shaft (292) installed at the bottom of the rotating drive disk (291). The outer ring of the rotating drive disk (291) has an annular rotating arm (293) in an annular array. The bottom of the annular rotating arm (293) has a scraper (294) in an axial position. The bottom of the transmission shaft (292) is equipped with a drive shaft (295), and the bottom of the drive shaft (295) is attached to the bottom of the inner cavity wall of the rotating oscillating guide plate (284).

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