Method and system for generating three-dimensional visual model of construction drawing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering drawing, in particular to a method and system for generating a three-dimensional visual model of a construction drawing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a planar graph and a cross-section graph of a target region; extracting a center line and a side slope line in the plane graph; extracting section data in the section diagram, wherein the section data comprises the mileage of the section, the central elevation of the section and height difference parameters; searching a center line and a side slope line under the same mileage based on the mileage of any section line segment, drawing a vertical line for the center line at the mileage and searching an intersection point with the side slope line, and calculating an elevation value of the intersection point based on the center elevation and the height difference parameter to obtain an elevation point coordinate; and constructing a triangulation network model based on all elevation points to obtain a three-dimensional visual model. By generating the three-dimensional visual model, the construction effect can be viewed more visually.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering drawing technology, and more particularly to a construction method. Figure 3 Methods and systems for generating 3D visualization models. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of linear engineering projects such as roads, railways, and water conservancy, engineering design is a crucial preliminary step. As one of the core design documents, the construction site plan primarily reflects the layout of the project on the horizontal projection plane. Its creation is typically based on fundamental data such as topographic maps, satellite imagery, or large-scale orthophotos, starting with determining the project's centerline. This centerline represents the trajectory of the main body of the project on the ground and is composed of geometric elements such as straight lines, transition curves, and circular curves. Each point on the centerline corresponds to unique planar coordinates (X, Y).

[0003] However, existing design methods based on construction plan drawings have significant limitations. First, the plan drawings themselves lack elevation information, meaning that when designing slopes on the plan, designers can only represent them based on planar location and symbols, making it difficult to intuitively and accurately reflect the true shape of the slope in three-dimensional space (such as slope, step height, platform width) and its spatial relationship with the original terrain. Second, the combination of plan drawings and elevation information relies on longitudinal and cross-sectional views. This separate representation not only increases the design workload, but more importantly, in areas between adjacent cross-sections and in places with drastic terrain changes, the symbolic slope representation on the plan drawing may not accurately reflect the actual required three-dimensional slope structure. This is especially true for high-fill, deep-cut slopes (such as embankments and road cuts) or multi-level slopes in complex terrain, which can easily lead to design deviations, errors in engineering quantity calculations, and may affect the accuracy of construction and the long-term stability of the structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely on 2D diagrams to reflect 3D space, this invention provides a construction method... Figure 3 Methods and systems for generating 3D visualization models.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A type of construction Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models include: Obtain the plan view and cross-sectional view of the target area; Extract the centerline and slope lines from the plan view; Extract the cross-sectional data from the cross-sectional diagram. The cross-sectional data includes several cross-sectional segments, the mileage of the cross-sectional segments, the center elevation of the cross-section where the cross-sectional segments are located, and the elevation difference parameters of the cross-sectional segments. Based on the mileage of any cross-section line segment, find the centerline and slope line at the same mileage. Draw a perpendicular line to the centerline at that mileage and find the intersection point with the slope line. Calculate the elevation value of the intersection point based on the center elevation and elevation difference parameters to obtain the coordinates of the elevation point. A triangulation model is constructed based on all elevation points to obtain a three-dimensional visualization model.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the step of extracting the centerline within the plan view includes: Based on the map scale, calculate the planar coordinates of the specified mileage on the centerline using linear interpolation; The centerline is divided into continuous line segments, and each line segment records the centerline segment ID, starting mileage, ending mileage, starting coordinates, and ending coordinates.

[0007] As a preferred method, the steps for extracting slope lines from the plan view include: The slope line is divided into continuous line segments, and each line segment records the slope line segment ID, starting coordinates, and ending coordinates; The starting and ending mileages are calculated by projecting the endpoints of the slope segment onto the centerline.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the step of calculating the elevation value of the intersection point based on the center elevation and the elevation difference parameter to obtain the coordinates of the elevation point includes: Obtain the planar position of the intersection point based on the centerline; The intersection point elevation value is obtained by adding the center elevation to the elevation difference parameter; The plane position is used as the plane coordinates of the elevation point, and the elevation value is used as the height of the elevation point to obtain the elevation point coordinates.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the construction of the triangular mesh model includes: Select any elevation point as the seed point, and connect the two nearest adjacent elevation points to form an initial triangle; Traverse the boundary edges of the current triangulation network and find the elevation point closest to the boundary edge to construct a new triangle; Repeat the expansion until all elevation points are included in the triangulation network.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, after the triangular mesh model is constructed, a topology optimization process is performed. The optimization process involves the following steps: reconstructing the mesh of triangles with angles less than a preset threshold by exchanging the common edges of adjacent triangles.

[0011] This invention also proposes a construction method. Figure 3 A system for generating 3D visualization models, the system comprising: The graphics import module is used to acquire plan and cross-sectional views of the target area; The plan view parsing module is used to extract the centerline and slope lines within the plan view; The cross-section diagram analysis module extracts cross-section data from the cross-section diagram. The cross-section data includes several cross-section segments, the mileage of the cross-section segments, the center elevation of the cross-section where the cross-section segments are located, and the elevation difference parameters of the cross-section segments. The elevation point calculation module finds the centerline and slope line at the same mileage based on the mileage of any cross-section line segment. At that mileage, a perpendicular line is drawn to the centerline and the intersection point with the slope line is found. Based on the center elevation and elevation difference parameters, the elevation value of the intersection point is calculated to obtain the elevation point coordinates. The 3D model generation module constructs a triangulation model based on all elevation points to obtain a 3D visualization model.

[0012] The present invention also proposes an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements a construction method as described in the present invention. Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the construction as described in the present invention. Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: This invention calculates the planar and elevation coordinates of the road within the construction area by matching plan and cross-sectional views. Using these elevation points, a triangular network is constructed, which can generate a network that can be used by devices that support 3D graphics, allowing for a more intuitive view of the construction results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 Construction of Example 1 Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of generating a 3D visualization model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plan view of Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of Example 1; Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the cross-sectional view of Example 1; Figure 5 Construction of Example 2 Figure 3 System architecture diagram for generating 3D visualization models. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Example 1 This embodiment presents a construction method. Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models, such as Figure 1 The diagram shows one construction method of this embodiment. Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of generating a 3D visualization model.

[0019] A type of construction Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models include: S1. Obtain the plan view and cross-sectional view of the target area; S2. Extract the center line and slope line from the plan view; S3. Extract the cross-sectional data from the cross-sectional diagram. The cross-sectional data includes several cross-sectional segments, the mileage of the cross-sectional segments, the center elevation of the cross-section where the cross-sectional segments are located, and the elevation difference parameters of the cross-sectional segments. S4. Based on the mileage of any cross-section line segment, find the centerline and slope line at the same mileage. Draw a perpendicular line to the centerline at that mileage and find the intersection point with the slope line. Calculate the elevation value of the intersection point based on the center elevation and elevation difference parameters to obtain the coordinates of the elevation point. S5. Construct a triangulation model based on all elevation points to obtain a three-dimensional visualization model.

[0020] In this embodiment, a three-dimensional model is generated by collaboratively analyzing plan and cross-sectional views. Specifically, the coordinates of elevation points are accurately calculated based on the geometric relationship between the centerline and the slope line to ensure the accuracy of terrain feature restoration. The model is generated and can be used by devices that support three-dimensional graphics, providing a more intuitive way to view the three-dimensional effects of construction.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the step of extracting the centerline within the plan view includes: Based on the map scale, calculate the planar coordinates of the specified mileage on the centerline using linear interpolation; The centerline is divided into continuous line segments, and each line segment records the centerline segment ID, starting mileage, ending mileage, starting coordinates, and ending coordinates.

[0022] like Figure 2 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the floor plan.

[0023] exist Figure 2 In the diagram, the central red line is the center line, the blue line is the slope line, the magenta line is the slope bottom, and the surrounding red lines are the construction area lines; the numbers in the diagram are mileage markers, in hectares.

[0024] As an example, in Figure 2 The point at mileage 7 is taken as the starting point of the center line segment, and the point at mileage 8 is taken as the ending point of the center line segment, thus obtaining the starting mileage L1, the ending mileage L2, the starting coordinate A, and the ending coordinate B.

[0025] In this embodiment, the centerline coordinates are calculated by adaptive linear interpolation of the scale to ensure strict matching of engineering scale; the centerline topology information is recorded in segments to provide an efficient indexing basis for subsequent cross-section-plane data association and enhance the robustness of data processing.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the step of extracting slope lines within a plan view includes: The slope line is divided into continuous line segments, and each line segment records the slope line segment ID, starting coordinates, and ending coordinates; The starting and ending mileages are calculated by projecting the endpoints of the slope segment onto the centerline.

[0027] In this embodiment, the projection mapping from the endpoint of the slope line to the center line is adopted to automatically calculate the mileage parameters of the slope line, thereby solving the problem of missing mileage markings on the slope line in the construction drawings; the mileage correlation between the slope line and the center line is established to ensure the geometric consistency between the spatial position of the slope and the center line in the three-dimensional model.

[0028] like Figure 3 The image shown is a schematic diagram of a cross-section.

[0029] like Figure 4 The image shown is a magnified view of a section.

[0030] exist Figure 4 As can be seen from the cross-sectional diagram, the elevation and distance of different cross-sectional segments are recorded.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the step of calculating the elevation value of the intersection point based on the center elevation and the elevation difference parameter to obtain the coordinates of the elevation point includes: Obtain the planar position of the intersection point based on the centerline; The intersection point elevation value is obtained by adding the center elevation to the elevation difference parameter; The plane position is used as the plane coordinates of the elevation point, and the elevation value is used as the height of the elevation point to obtain the elevation point coordinates.

[0032] In this embodiment, the elevation value is calculated by linear algebraic superposition of the center elevation and the elevation difference parameter, avoiding the cumulative error caused by complex surface fitting; the standardized three-dimensional coordinates (planar position + elevation value) are directly output to provide a data source for triangulation construction and improve the reliability of model construction.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, constructing the triangular mesh model includes: Select any elevation point as the seed point, and connect the two nearest adjacent elevation points to form an initial triangle; Traverse the boundary edges of the current triangulation network and find the elevation point closest to the boundary edge to construct a new triangle; Repeat the expansion until all elevation points are included in the triangulation network.

[0034] In this embodiment, the incremental triangulation construction based on the nearest neighbor principle significantly reduces the algorithm's time complexity; through the local optimal connection strategy, the triangulation shape is ensured to conform to the original terrain undulation features, thereby improving the geometric fidelity of the model.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, after the triangular mesh model is constructed, a topology optimization process is performed. The optimization process involves the following steps: reconstructing the mesh for triangles with angles less than a preset threshold by exchanging the common edges of adjacent triangles.

[0036] As an example, the preset threshold is 30 degrees.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mesh is reconstructed by exchanging the common sides of adjacent triangles, eliminating narrow triangles with interior angles smaller than a preset threshold, thus avoiding rendering distortion in 3D visualization; the optimized mesh topology enhances the smoothness of the model.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment describes a construction method proposed in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 The method for generating 3D visualization models is implemented in detail.

[0039] Based on the road centerline mileage marked on the plan, calculate the mileage values ​​of all nodes on the centerline and form a centerline record table, designated as Table A, with the following format: [Centerline segment ID], [Start mileage value], [End mileage value], [Start point plane coordinates], [End point plane coordinates].

[0040] Based on the marked slope, ditch lines, and construction area lines, a record sheet is created. The entire slope line is then broken down into segments, forming a record sheet for each segment of the slope and ditch line. This record sheet is designated as Table B, and its format is as follows: [Slope Segment ID], [Start Mileage Value], [End Mileage Value], [Start Point Plane Coordinates], [End Point Plane Coordinates], [Construction Scope Line Identifier].

[0041] Among them, the [mileage start value] and [mileage end value] are calculated based on the nearest point to the center line from the two endpoints of the line segment, and then the mileage is obtained by interpolation based on the center line segment where the nearest point is located.

[0042] Based on the cross-sectional elements identified in the cross-sectional diagram, extract the line segments and their annotations to form a record table for each cross-sectional element. This record is categorized as Table C, and its format is as follows: [Section ID], [Section Mileage], [Section Center Elevation], [Line Sequence], [Cumulative Elevation Difference], [Slope Ratio], [Horizontal Length]. Among these, [Section Center Elevation] is consistent across all segments within a section; [Line Sequence] is positive to the right and negative to the left, with the centerline as the boundary; [Cumulative Elevation Difference] is the cumulative elevation difference relative to the section center elevation at the starting point of this segment, calculated from the section center and passing through various undulations.

[0043] The correlation calculation uses the [mileage to which each cross-section belongs] as the primary key to find all [centerline segment IDs] at the same mileage on the centerline, recorded as L. It also finds all [slope segment IDs] at the same mileage, recorded as E. Based on the starting and ending mileage values ​​of the [mileage to which the cross-section belongs] on the centerline, a projection point P is generated on the centerline. A perpendicular line is drawn from point P on the centerline L, recorded as V. The intersection points of the perpendicular line V and all found [slope segments] E are calculated and recorded as P_e.

[0044] Based on the left and right sides of the centerline where P_e is located, the same rule as the elevation of the section segment to be calculated is formed, with the right side being positive and the left side being negative. Using the elevation of the centerline of the section as a reference, the elevation value of each point P_e is matched sequentially according to the elevation difference. The elevation is then obtained by adding the centerline elevation to the elevation difference.

[0045] Based on all the cross-sectional diagrams, repeat the above elevation calculation steps to complete the solution of all intersection points, the calculation of plane coordinates, and the calculation of elevation, thus forming an elevation point sequence.

[0046] Based on the generated elevation points, a triangular mesh model is generated, and the mesh is reconstructed for triangles with angles less than a preset threshold by exchanging the common edges of adjacent triangles.

[0047] Example 3 This embodiment proposes a construction method. Figure 3 A system for generating 3D visualization models, applying a construction method proposed in Example 1. Figure 3 Methods for generating 3D visualization models. For example... Figure 4 The diagram shows one construction method of this embodiment. Figure 3 Architecture diagram of the system for generating 3D visualization models.

[0048] This embodiment proposes a construction method. Figure 3 The system for generating 3D visualization models includes: The graphics import module is used to acquire plan and cross-sectional views of the target area; The plan view parsing module is used to extract the centerline and slope lines within the plan view; The cross-section diagram analysis module extracts cross-section data from the cross-section diagram. The cross-section data includes several cross-section segments, the mileage of the cross-section segments, the center elevation of the cross-section where the cross-section segments are located, and the elevation difference parameters of the cross-section segments. The elevation point calculation module finds the centerline and slope line at the same mileage based on the mileage of any cross-section line segment. At that mileage, a perpendicular line is drawn to the centerline and the intersection point with the slope line is found. Based on the center elevation and elevation difference parameters, the elevation value of the intersection point is calculated to obtain the elevation point coordinates. The 3D model generation module constructs a triangulation model based on all elevation points to obtain a 3D visualization model. Optionally, the system further includes a 3D model optimization module for performing topology optimization processing on the triangular mesh model generated by the 3D model generation module.

[0049] It is understood that the system in this embodiment corresponds to the method in Embodiment 1 above, and the options in Embodiment 1 above are also applicable to this embodiment, so they will not be described again here.

[0050] Example 4 This embodiment proposes a computer device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the construction proposed in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 The steps involved in generating a 3D visualization model.

[0051] Example 5 This embodiment proposes a storage medium storing computer-readable instructions, wherein the computer-readable instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the construction method proposed in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 The steps involved in generating a 3D visualization model.

[0052] By way of example, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0053] By way of example, the instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets may be implemented using conventional programming languages.

[0054] Exemplary examples include, but are not limited to, smartphones, personal computers, servers, network devices, etc., for performing the construction described in Example 1. Figure 3 All or part of the steps in the method for generating a 3D visualization model.

[0055] The same or similar labels correspond to the same or similar parts; The terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating a three-dimensional visualization model of construction drawings, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a plan view and a section view of a target area; extracting a center line and a side slope line in the plan view; extracting section data in the section view, the section data comprising a plurality of section line segments, mileages at which the section line segments are located, central elevations of sections at which the section line segments are located, and height difference parameters of the section line segments; finding the center line and the side slope line at the same mileage based on the mileage at which any section line segment is located, drawing a perpendicular line to the center line at the mileage and finding an intersection point with the side slope line, calculating an elevation value of the intersection point based on the central elevation and the height difference parameter, and obtaining an elevation point coordinate; constructing a triangular mesh model based on all the elevation points, and obtaining a three-dimensional visualization model.

2. The method for generating a construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model according to claim 1, wherein, The step of extracting the center line in the plan view comprises: calculating the plan coordinates of a specified mileage on the center line by linear interpolation according to the scale of the plan view; splitting the center line into continuous line segments, and recording, for each line segment, a center line segment ID, a start mileage, an end mileage, a start coordinate, and an end coordinate.

3. The method for generating a construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model of claim 1, wherein, The step of extracting the side slope line in the plan view comprises: splitting the side slope line into continuous line segments, and recording, for each line segment, a side slope line segment ID, a start coordinate, and an end coordinate; calculating the start mileage and the end mileage by projection of the end points of the side slope line segment to the center line.

4. The method for generating a construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model of claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the elevation value of the intersection point based on the central elevation and the height difference parameter, and obtaining the elevation point coordinate comprises: obtaining the plan position of the intersection point based on the center line; adding the central elevation and the height difference parameter to obtain the elevation value of the intersection point; taking the plan position as the plan coordinate of the elevation point, and taking the elevation value as the height of the elevation point, to obtain the elevation point coordinate.

5. The method for generating a construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model of claim 1, wherein, The step of constructing the triangular mesh model comprises: selecting any elevation point as a seed point, and connecting the two nearest adjacent elevation points to form an initial triangle; traversing the boundary edges of the current triangular mesh, finding the nearest elevation point to the boundary edges, and constructing a new triangle; repeating the expansion until all the elevation points are included in the triangular mesh.

6. The method for generating a construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model according to claim 5, wherein, After the triangular mesh model is constructed, a topological optimization process is further performed, and the steps of the optimization process are as follows: exchanging the common edges of adjacent triangles to reconstruct the triangles with angles less than a preset threshold.

7. A system for generating a three-dimensional visualization model of construction documents, the system comprising: The system comprises: a graph reading-in module for obtaining a plan view and a section view of a target area; a plan view analysis module for extracting a center line and a side slope line in the plan view; a section view analysis module for extracting section data in the section view, the section data comprising a plurality of section line segments, mileages at which the section line segments are located, central elevations of sections at which the section line segments are located, and height difference parameters of the section line segments; an elevation point calculation module for finding the center line and the side slope line at the same mileage based on the mileage at which any section line segment is located, drawing a perpendicular line to the center line at the mileage and finding an intersection point with the side slope line, calculating an elevation value of the intersection point based on the central elevation and the height difference parameter, and obtaining an elevation point coordinate; a three-dimensional model generation module for constructing a triangular mesh model based on all the elevation points, and obtaining a three-dimensional visualization model.

8. The system for generating a three-dimensional visualization model of construction documents of claim 7, wherein, The system further comprises a three-dimensional model optimization module for performing a topological optimization process on the triangular mesh model generated by the three-dimensional model generation module. The system further comprises a three-dimensional model optimization module for performing a topological optimization process on the triangular mesh model generated by the three-dimensional model generation module.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model generation method in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the construction drawing three-dimensional visualization model generation method in any one of claims 1-6.

Images