Coupling inductor current limiting type hybrid direct current circuit breaker topology and working method

By using a coupled inductor current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker topology, and utilizing a breaking section composed of an ultra-fast mechanical switch, a load transfer switch, and thyristors, the problems of high cost, large peak fault current, and long breaking time of traditional hybrid DC circuit breakers are solved, achieving component reuse, cost reduction, and rapid fault handling response.

CN121355820APending Publication Date: 2026-01-16LANZHOU JIAOTONG UNIV
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202511501221.1
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-10-21
Publication Date
2026-01-16

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional hybrid DC circuit breakers are expensive in high-voltage applications, have large peak fault currents and long breaking times, and require a large number of cascaded IGBT components, resulting in high overall costs.

Method used

A hybrid DC circuit breaker topology with coupled inductor current limiting is adopted. The breaking section consists of an ultra-fast mechanical switch, a load transfer switch, a thyristor, and a coupled inductor. Current limiting and breaking are achieved through the coupled inductor, reducing the peak fault current and shortening the breaking time. Thyristors are used to replace IGBTs to reduce costs.

Benefits of technology

It enables component reuse, simplifies the number of components, reduces the peak fault current and breaking time, reduces the cost of circuit breakers, and can quickly respond to faults in current limiting breaking, reclosing and low current breaking modes, avoiding excessive energy loss.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a coupled inductor current-limiting type hybrid direct-current circuit breaker topology and a working method. The coupled inductor current-limiting type hybrid direct-current circuit breaker comprises a current-carrying part and a breaking part, the current-carrying part is formed by connecting an ultra-fast mechanical switch UFD and a load change-over switch LCS in series, the breaking part comprises a bridge circuit, a first branch circuit, a second branch circuit, a third branch circuit, a fourth branch circuit, a fifth branch circuit and a sixth branch circuit, the fourth branch circuit is formed by connecting a thyristor, a coupling inductor and a primary side inductor in series to form a current-limiting branch circuit, and the fifth branch circuit is formed by connecting a secondary side inductor and a secondary side inductor. The sixth branch is formed by connecting a secondary side inductor of a coupling inductor with a thyristor in series and then connecting the secondary side inductor with a capacitor in parallel; the current limiting of the fault current is realized through the fourth branch, the fault breaking of the primary side inductor of the coupling inductor of the fourth branch is completed through the coupling effect of the secondary side inductor of the coupling inductor of the sixth branch, the peak value of the fault current is obviously reduced, and the breaking time is obviously shortened; the circuit breaker can quickly respond to faults of three working modes of current limiting breaking, reclosing and small current breaking; and the breaking part of the circuit breaker adopts the thyristors instead of the IGBTs, so that the cost of the circuit breaker is reduced.
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