Dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen alkane production device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological energy production, and relates to a dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen alkane production device and a use method thereof. Comprising a fermentation box, an insulating layer and a reaction box, the heat preservation layer covers the outer part of the fermentation box; the reaction box is arranged in the fermentation box; a feeding hole and a gas outlet are formed in the top of the fermentation box; the gas outlet is connected with the gas collecting device; the reaction box sequentially comprises a stirring layer and a vibrating layer from top to bottom; a first push-pull plate is arranged at the top of the stirring layer; a second push-pull plate is arranged between the stirring layer and the vibrating layer; a horizontal stirring shaft is arranged in the stirring layer; a vibrating body is arranged in the vibrating layer in a surrounding mode and connected with a vibration exciter arranged on the outer side of the vibrating layer. A discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the vibration layer, and a gap exists between the discharging opening and the bottom wall of the fermentation box; a heating coil is arranged around the outer side of the reaction box; and a temperature sensor is arranged in the reaction box. The device disclosed by the invention realizes efficient, continuous and stable operation of the fermentation process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of bio-energy production, and relates to a dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production alkane device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dry anaerobic fermentation is a technology that utilizes microorganisms to decompose organic solid waste (such as crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and organic household garbage) under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions to produce clean energy such as hydrogen and methane. Compared with wet fermentation, dry fermentation has the advantages of low water consumption, high treatment load, and low difficulty in subsequent treatment of biogas residue, and shows good application prospects in the treatment of high-solid-content organic waste.

[0003] However, the existing dry anaerobic fermentation technology and its device still face many challenges in practical application. First, due to the high solid content and poor flowability of the fermentation substrate, problems such as crust formation, stratification and uneven mass transfer may occur in the reactor, which leads to insufficient contact between microorganisms and substrate, and thus affects the fermentation efficiency and gas production rate. Second, the fermentation process is sensitive to temperature, and requires precise and uniform temperature control, but the heat transfer performance of high-solid materials is poor, which easily causes local temperature to be too high or too low in the reactor, affecting microbial activity. Third, the gas produced by fermentation needs to be effectively collected and purified, but the existing device needs to be improved in terms of gas collection efficiency, system pressure stability and ability to respond to sudden situations (such as gas production peak). In addition, the feeding link of the device is prone to blockage, and the transmission system is prone to overload failure when stirring high-viscosity materials, which affects the continuous and stable operation of the device and the convenience of maintenance.

[0004] In the prior art, although there are some solutions aimed at solving some of the above problems. For example, a Chinese patent with publication number CN119432557A discloses an anaerobic microbial fermentation device, which regulates the fermentation environment by setting detection components, air injection and exhaust pipelines, air purifiers, etc. However, this device has a complex structure, integrating multiple control components and pipeline systems, which not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also increases the risk of equipment failure. Once a key component (such as a sensor, valve or transmission mechanism) fails, it may cause the entire fermentation process to be interrupted, and it is time-consuming and laborious to repair, affecting production efficiency and operational reliability. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production alkane device and a use method thereof, which realizes efficient, continuous and stable operation of the fermentation process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present application provides a dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production device, which comprises a fermentation tank, an insulation layer and a reaction tank; the insulation layer is coated on the outside of the fermentation tank; the reaction tank is arranged inside the fermentation tank; the top of the fermentation tank is provided with a feeding port and a gas outlet; the gas outlet is connected with a gas collecting device; The reaction tank comprises a stirring layer and a vibrating layer from top to bottom; the top of the stirring layer is provided with a first push-pull plate; a second push-pull plate is arranged between the stirring layer and the vibrating layer; and through holes are arranged on the first push-pull plate and the second push-pull plate; a horizontal stirring shaft is arranged in the stirring layer, both ends of the horizontal stirring shaft are rotatably supported on the opposite side walls of the stirring layer, and a plurality of stirring blades are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the horizontal stirring shaft; a vibrating body is arranged around the vibrating layer, and the vibrating body is connected with a vibration exciter arranged outside the vibrating layer; a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the vibrating layer, and a gap exists between the discharge port and the bottom wall of the fermentation tank; A heating coil is arranged around the outside of the reaction tank; and a temperature sensor is arranged inside the reaction tank.

[0007] Preferably, the feeding port is connected with a conveying pipeline and a substrate pretreatment device, and the inner wall of the conveying pipeline is coated with an anti-sticking coating.

[0008] Preferably, the device further comprises a compression spring, a conical piston head, a mounting seat and a hydraulic driving rod; the mounting seat is fixedly arranged inside the feeding port; one end of the compression spring is connected with the mounting seat, and the other end is connected with the conical piston head; the conical surface of the conical piston head matches with a conical valve seat at the lower part of the feeding port; and the hydraulic driving rod penetrates through the mounting seat and is connected with the conical piston head.

[0009] Preferably, the gas collecting device comprises a gas collecting hood, a gas purification system and a gas storage tank which are connected in sequence; and the gas collecting hood is connected with the gas outlet of the fermentation tank.

[0010] Preferably, the gas purification system comprises a gas filter and a gas dryer which are connected in sequence; the inlet of the gas filter is connected with the gas collecting hood; and the outlet of the gas dryer is connected with the gas purification system.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet of the gas collecting hood is connected with a pressure relief valve and a standby gas storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission device of the horizontal stirring shaft is a gear box; the gear box is provided with a main transmission gear set and a standby transmission gear set; the input gear of the main transmission gear set is engaged with the motor output shaft; the input gear of the standby transmission gear set is engaged with the motor output shaft through an electromagnetic clutch; and the output gears of the main transmission gear set and the standby transmission gear set are fixedly sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the gear box is further provided with a movable limiting block and a pressure spring; the movable limiting block is slidably sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft; the movable limiting block is engaged with the output gear of the main transmission gear set or the output gear of the standby transmission gear set; the pressure spring is sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft and located on the side of the movable limiting block away from the output gear; one end of the pressure spring is in contact with the movable limiting block, and the other end of the pressure spring is fixed on the horizontal stirring shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the gear box is provided with a quick-release panel on the outside.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a use method of the dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production device, which comprises the following steps: Opening the first push-pull plate, and feeding the pretreated substrate into the stirring layer through the feeding port; Closing the first push-pull plate, and starting the horizontal stirring shaft to stir and mix the substrate in the stirring layer; After the stirring is completed, opening the second push-pull plate to make the stirred substrate fall into the vibration layer; Closing the second push-pull plate, and starting the exciter and the heating coil to make the substrate perform anaerobic fermentation reaction in the vibration layer; The gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation reaction is discharged from the gas outlet and collected through the gas collecting device; After the anaerobic fermentation reaction is completed, the residue is discharged through the discharge port.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: By dividing the reaction box into stirring layer and vibration layer from top to bottom and setting horizontal stirring shaft and vibration body respectively, the partitioned and specialized treatment of substrate mixing and fermentation promotion is realized, and the reaction space utilization efficiency is greatly improved; the vibration layer generates micro-vibration by driving the vibration body with the exciter, which not only strengthens the mass transfer process, but also forms a complement with the external heating coil to optimize the system energy consumption; the spiral heating coil outside the reaction box and the internal multi-point temperature sensor jointly constitute a closed-loop precise temperature control system, which effectively maintains the optimal temperature range required for fermentation; the design of the push-pull plate and its through hole of each layer not only realizes physical separation and process control, but also ensures smooth gas collection and export; the cooperation between the bottom discharge port and the gap between the box bottom ensures the smooth discharge of materials and prevents clogging. The present application realizes efficient, continuous and stable operation of the fermentation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device for preparing hydrogen and alkane by dry anaerobic fermentation according to the present application; Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reaction layer in the device according to the present application; Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibration device in the device according to the present application.

[0019] 1, fermentation tank; 2, heat preservation layer; 3, reaction box; 4, horizontal stirring shaft; 5, stirring blade; 6, vibration body; 7, exciter; 8, discharge port; 9, heating coil; 10, temperature sensor; 11, gas collection cover; 12, conveying pipeline; 13, substrate pretreatment device; 14, gas purification system; 15, gas storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed, it is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] The application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings: The first object of the application is to provide a dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production device, which comprises a fermentation tank 1, a heat preservation layer 2 and a reaction tank 3; the heat preservation layer 2 is wrapped outside the fermentation tank 1; the reaction tank 3 is arranged inside the fermentation tank 1; the top of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a feed inlet and a gas outlet; the gas outlet is connected with a gas collecting device; The reaction box 3 comprises a stirring layer and a vibrating layer from top to bottom; the top of the stirring layer is provided with a first push-pull plate; a second push-pull plate is arranged between the stirring layer and the vibrating layer; and the first push-pull plate and the second push-pull plate are both provided with through holes; a horizontal stirring shaft 4 is arranged in the stirring layer, both ends of the horizontal stirring shaft 4 are rotatably supported on the opposite side walls of the stirring layer, and a plurality of stirring blades 5 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the horizontal stirring shaft 4; a vibrating body 6 is arranged around the vibrating layer, and the vibrating body 6 is connected with a vibration exciter 7 arranged outside the vibrating layer; a discharge port 8 is arranged at the bottom of the vibrating layer, and there is a gap between the discharge port 8 and the bottom wall of the fermentation tank 1. A heating coil 9 is arranged around the outside of the reaction box 3; and a temperature sensor 10 is arranged inside the reaction box 3.

[0027] The reaction box 3 of the present application adopts a layered design, which is divided into a stirring layer and a vibrating layer from top to bottom, and realizes physical separation and process control through the first push-pull plate and the second push-pull plate, which not only improves the space utilization of the reaction box 3, but also enables the material to better complete homogenization and fermentation. The horizontal stirring shaft 4 and its multiple groups of blades arranged in the stirring layer are responsible for mechanically mixing the input substrate, solving the problems of uneven mixing of substrate and poor mass and heat transfer in traditional fermentation, creating a uniform and active reaction environment for microorganisms and laying the foundation for efficient fermentation. The vibrating layer introduces a surrounding vibrating body 6 driven by a vibration exciter 7, which not only promotes closer contact between substrate particles and microbial flora through continuous micro-vibration, accelerating the biochemical reaction rate, but also utilizes the additional heat generated by vibration friction, complementing the external heating system to realize internal circulation and efficient use of energy. In addition, the heat preservation layer 2 wrapping the fermentation tank 1 maximally reduces the heat exchange between the reaction system and the outside world, maintaining the stability of the thermal field. At the same time, the heating coil 9 spirally arranged on the outside of the reaction box 3 and the temperature sensor 10 distributed inside constitute a closed-loop precision temperature control system, which can sense and dynamically adjust the temperature of different areas in real time, ensuring that the entire reaction space is always in the most suitable temperature range for microbial metabolism, providing a guarantee for stable and efficient gas production. The discharge port 8 with a gap between the bottom of the vibrating layer and the bottom wall of the fermentation tank 1 allows the material to be smoothly discharged under the assistance of vibration after fermentation, avoiding material hardening or bridging, and ensuring the continuity of the production process. The hydrogen and methane generated during the anaerobic fermentation process can pass through the through holes pre-set on the first push-pull plate and the second push-pull plate, flow into the space at the top of the fermentation tank 1 from the inside of the reaction box 3, and finally be uniformly discharged to the gas collection device through the gas outlet for storage.

[0028] Exemplarily, the feed inlet is a circular hole, and multiple feed inlets are uniformly distributed on the top of the fermentation tank 1. The uniform distribution of multiple points ensures that the substrate can be uniformly distributed on the entire cross section of the reaction tank 3, and fundamentally avoids the problems of material accumulation and uneven distribution caused by traditional single-point or concentrated feeding. The feed inlet is connected with the substrate pretreatment device 13 through the conveying pipeline 12, and the inner wall of the conveying pipeline 12 is coated with an anti-sticking coating, which can effectively prevent the adhesion and accumulation of substrate raw materials with high moisture content or easy adhesion on the pipe wall, and fundamentally avoid the risk of reduced pipe flow diameter or even blockage caused by material adhesion. The substrate pretreatment device 13 is used for crushing and homogenizing the original substrate, which can break the organic substrate with different forms and complex components into smaller and uniform particles, and realize the interweaving and fusion of different component materials in the process.

[0029] Exemplarily, the present application adopts multiple horizontal stirring shafts 4, which are arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom with equal intervals. The equal interval distribution ensures that the stirring force is uniformly transmitted in the vertical direction of the reaction space without dead angle, and avoids the formation of stirring blind area. The staggered arrangement of the front and back makes the stirring blades 5 of each layer complement each other in the horizontal plane, greatly expanding the stirring coverage and action strength.

[0030] The heating coil 9 is closely arranged on the outer wall of the reaction tank 3 in a spiral winding manner, and multiple temperature sensors 10 are distributedly embedded in different depths and regions inside the reaction tank 3. The present application realizes uniform and efficient three-dimensional heating through the outer wall spiral coil, and cooperates with the multi-point temperature sensing system embedded inside to realize real-time monitoring and feedback of the longitudinal and transverse temperature field distribution inside the reaction tank 3, so as to realize accurate regulation and control of the heating process.

[0031] In addition, the device of the present application also comprises a compression spring, a conical piston head, a mounting seat and a hydraulic driving rod; the mounting seat is fixedly arranged inside the feed inlet; one end of the compression spring is connected with the mounting seat, and the other end is connected with the conical piston head; the conical surface of the conical piston head cooperates with the conical valve seat at the lower part of the feed inlet; the hydraulic driving rod penetrates through the mounting seat and is connected with the conical piston head. Under normal circumstances, the pre-tightening force of the compression spring drives the conical piston head to tightly fit with the conical valve seat at the lower part of the feed inlet, forming a mechanical seal, which effectively prevents the escape of gas inside the fermentation tank 1 and prevents the mixing of external air. When feeding is needed, the hydraulic driving rod overcomes the spring force to drive the conical piston head to move downward, thereby opening the feeding channel; after feeding is completed, the hydraulic driving rod is withdrawn, and the spring force immediately resets the piston head and seals again. This design not only realizes the rapid and automatic opening and closing of the feed inlet, but also the shearing and cleaning effect of the conical piston head on the valve seat area in each reciprocating motion, which can effectively strip the potential adhesive material, fundamentally eliminating the jamming or blockage problem caused by residual material, and significantly improving the automation degree and long-term operation reliability of the feeding system.

[0032] The gas collecting device comprises, for example, a gas collecting hood 11, a gas purification system 14 and a gas storage tank 15 connected in sequence; the gas collecting hood 11 is connected with the gas outlet of the fermentation tank 1. The gas purification system 14 comprises, for example, a gas filter and a gas dryer connected in sequence; the inlet of the gas filter is connected with the gas collecting hood 11; the outlet of the gas dryer is connected with the gas purification system 14. The gas collecting hood 11 can timely and comprehensively collect the mixed gas generated in the fermentation reaction and prevent the mixed gas from escaping. Subsequently, the gas first enters the gas filter in the gas purification system 14, effectively removing the impurities such as solid dust and microbial aerosol carried in the gas; then the gas passes through the gas dryer to remove the water in the gas and significantly reduce the dew point of the gas; and the treated gas enters the gas storage tank 15 for storage.

[0033] The gas filter comprises first and second filters connected in parallel; the gas inlets of the first and second filters are connected with the gas collecting hood 11, and the gas outlets of the first and second filters are connected with the gas dryer. When any one of the filters is blocked or needs to be maintained due to long-term operation, the system can immediately switch to the other unblocked filter, so that the gas generated in the fermentation can be continuously purified without interrupting the overall gas treatment process.

[0034] The outlet of the gas collecting hood 11 is connected with a backup gas storage tank through a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve comprises a valve body, a piston arranged in the valve body and a compression spring acting on the piston; the valve body is provided with a gas inlet communicating with the inside of the gas collecting hood 11 and a bypass outlet communicating with the backup gas storage tank; the piston is closed to the bypass outlet under the action of the compression spring and is configured to move along the valve body when the force of the gas in the gas collecting hood 11 acting on the piston exceeds the force of the compression spring, so as to open the bypass outlet and guide the gas to the backup gas storage tank. Under normal circumstances, the pre-tightening force of the compression spring drives the piston to close the bypass outlet communicating with the backup gas storage tank; when the gas pressure in the gas collecting hood 11 abnormally rises, the pushing force of the gas on the piston overcomes the preset force of the spring, and the piston will displace along the valve body, thereby automatically opening the bypass outlet to form a pressure relief channel. Without external power and electric control intervention, the excess gas can be automatically diverted to the backup gas storage tank when the pressure exceeds the limit, thereby effectively avoiding the deformation of the equipment, the failure of the seal and even the safety accidents caused by the pressure accumulation, and greatly enhancing the intrinsic safety and operation reliability of the gas collecting system.

[0035] The transmission device of the horizontal stirring shaft 4 is a gear box; a main transmission gear set and a standby transmission gear set are arranged in the gear box; the input gear of the main transmission gear set is engaged with the motor output shaft; the input gear of the standby transmission gear set is engaged with the motor output shaft through an electromagnetic clutch; and the output gears of the main transmission gear set and the standby transmission gear set are both fixedly sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft 4. The main transmission gear set undertakes the daily driving task, while the standby transmission gear set is kept in standby state through the electromagnetic clutch; when the main transmission gear set cannot work due to unexpected failure, the control system can immediately trigger the electromagnetic clutch to engage, so that the power is seamlessly switched to the standby gear set, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the horizontal stirring shaft 4 without interruption, effectively avoiding the stagnation of the entire fermentation process caused by the failure of a single transmission component, and guaranteeing the continuity and stability of the biological reaction process, which is particularly suitable for large-scale production scenes that need long-term uninterrupted operation.

[0036] The device also comprises a movable limiting block and a pressure spring; the movable limiting block is slidably sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft 4; the movable limiting block is engaged with the output gear of the main transmission gear set or the output gear of the standby transmission gear set; the pressure spring is sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft 4 and located on the side of the movable limiting block away from the output gear; one end of the pressure spring is in contact with the movable limiting block, and the other end is fixed on the horizontal stirring shaft 4. Under normal working conditions, the pre-tightening force of the pressure spring drives the movable limiting block to keep engagement with the output gear of the transmission gear set, thereby stably transmitting power. When the resistance torque of the horizontal stirring shaft 4 suddenly increases due to material entanglement or abnormal load and exceeds the pre-set pressure of the pressure spring, the movable limiting block will be pushed away from the original position, so that it is disengaged from the output gear, and the power transmission path is immediately cut off, and the stirring shaft stops rotating. This automatic tripping mechanism can effectively prevent serious failures such as transmission gear damage and motor burning caused by overload, and provides important mechanical protection for the core transmission components, which not only greatly improves the reliability and service life of the equipment, but also avoids production interruption and economic loss caused by sudden mechanical failure.

[0037] A quick release panel is arranged outside the gear box, so that the technician can quickly open the panel and directly touch the transmission gear set and the clutch inside without disassembling the gear box as a whole, thereby greatly simplifying the process of inspection, maintenance or replacement of parts.

[0038] The second object of the present application is to provide a use method of the dry anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production device, comprising the following steps: S1, open the first push-pull plate at the top of the stirring layer, and put the substrate crushed and uniformly mixed by the substrate pretreatment device 13 into the stirring layer through the multiple feed ports uniformly distributed at the top of the fermentation tank 1. During the feeding process, the piston assembly in the feed port is opened under the action of hydraulic drive to ensure smooth feeding of the substrate; after the feeding is completed, the piston is automatically reset and sealed under the action of the spring to prevent gas leakage and blockage. Then, the first push-pull plate is closed, and the horizontal stirring shaft 4 is started. The horizontal stirring shaft 4 mixes the substrate through the stirring blades 5 to ensure that the material is highly uniform in particle size and composition, creating the best initial reaction environment for microorganisms.

[0039] S2, after the stirring is completed, the second push-pull plate between the stirring layer and the vibration layer is opened, so that the uniformly mixed substrate falls smoothly into the vibration layer under the action of gravity. Then, the second push-pull plate is closed to realize physical isolation and independent control of the stirring and vibration fermentation process. The exciter 7 outside the vibration layer is started to drive the vibration body 6 arranged around to generate continuous micro-vibration, which on the one hand promotes the close contact between the substrate particles and the microorganisms, and on the other hand utilizes vibration friction to assist in heat generation. At the same time, the heating coil 9 spirally arranged outside the reaction tank 3 is started, and combined with the multiple temperature sensors 10 distributed inside the reaction tank 3, the temperature of each region is monitored and accurately controlled in real time to form a closed-loop precise temperature control system, ensuring that the entire vibration layer is maintained in the most suitable fermentation temperature range.

[0040] S3, the hydrogen and methane mixed gas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process passes through the through holes on the second push-pull plate and the first push-pull plate in turn, and is collected in the gas collecting hood 11 at the top of the fermentation tank 1. The gas then enters the gas purification system 14, which first removes solid impurities and aerosols through the parallel double filters; if one of the two paths fails, the system can immediately switch to the standby path to ensure continuous purification. The purified gas is then dried by the dryer to reduce the dew point, and finally the dry and pure gas is transported to the gas storage tank 15 for stable storage. When the gas pressure in the gas collecting hood 11 abnormally rises, the pressure relief valve at the top thereof is automatically started to divert the excess gas to the standby gas storage tank, effectively ensuring the safety of the system pressure.

[0041] S4, after the fermentation process is completed, the discharge port 8 at the bottom of the vibration layer is opened, and the fermented residue is discharged through the discharge port 8. During the entire system operation, the main and standby double gear sets in the transmission device of the horizontal stirring shaft 4 can realize seamless power switching through the electromagnetic clutch in case of failure; the movable limit block can automatically trip when the stirring resistance exceeds the limit, cutting off the power and triggering an alarm.

[0042] The method of the present application realizes the specialized control of efficient homogenization and deep fermentation of the substrate by means of physical isolation and sequential operation of the stirring layer and the vibration layer, not only significantly improves the space utilization, but also ensures the continuous optimization of the microbial reaction environment. Secondly, from precise temperature control, anti-blocking feeding to redundant filtration and automatic pressure relief, the whole process is embedded with multi-level safety and stability design, so that the equipment can calmly cope with potential risks such as temperature fluctuation, material blockage, component failure and pressure abnormality, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the gas production process. Finally, this highly integrated and automated operation mode not only significantly improves the hydrogen and alkane gas yield and collection quality, but also greatly reduces the maintenance cost and production fluctuation caused by manual intervention or equipment downtime.

[0043] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates, characterized in that, It includes a fermentation tank (1), an insulation layer (2), and a reaction tank (3); the insulation layer (2) covers the outside of the fermentation tank (1); the reaction tank (3) is located inside the fermentation tank (1); the top of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a feed inlet and a gas outlet; the gas outlet is connected to a gas collection device; The reaction chamber (3) includes a stirring layer and a vibration layer from top to bottom; a first push-pull plate is provided on the top of the stirring layer; a second push-pull plate is provided between the stirring layer and the vibration layer; and through holes are provided on both the first push-pull plate and the second push-pull plate; a horizontal stirring shaft (4) is provided inside the stirring layer, and the two ends of the horizontal stirring shaft (4) are rotatably supported on the opposite sidewalls of the stirring layer, and multiple stirring blades (5) are provided at intervals in the axial direction of the horizontal stirring shaft (4); a vibrating body (6) is arranged around the vibration layer, and the vibrating body (6) is connected to an exciter (7) provided on the outside of the vibration layer; a discharge port (8) is provided at the bottom of the vibration layer, and there is a gap between the discharge port (8) and the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber (1); The reaction chamber (3) is surrounded by a heating coil (9); a temperature sensor (10) is installed inside the reaction chamber (3).

2. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed inlet is connected to the substrate pretreatment device (13) via a conveying pipe (12), and the inner wall of the conveying pipe (12) is coated with an anti-stick coating.

3. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a compression spring, a conical piston head, a mounting base, and a hydraulic drive rod; the mounting base is fixedly disposed inside the feed inlet; one end of the compression spring is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the conical piston head; the conical surface of the conical piston head cooperates with the conical valve seat at the lower part of the feed inlet; the hydraulic drive rod passes through the mounting base and is connected to the conical piston head.

4. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collection device includes a gas collection hood (11), a gas purification system (14), and a gas storage tank (15) connected in sequence; the gas collection hood (11) is connected to the gas outlet of the fermentation box (1).

5. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gas purification system (14) includes a gas filter and a gas dryer connected in sequence; the gas filter inlet is connected to the gas collection hood (11); and the gas dryer outlet is connected to the gas purification system (14).

6. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outlet of the gas collection hood (11) is connected to a spare gas storage tank via a pressure relief valve.

7. The dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission device of the horizontal stirring shaft (4) is a gearbox; the gearbox is equipped with a main transmission gear set and a spare transmission gear set; the input gear of the main transmission gear set meshes with the output shaft of the motor; the input gear of the spare transmission gear set meshes with the output shaft of the motor through an electromagnetic clutch; the output gears of the main transmission gear set and the spare transmission gear set are both fixedly sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft (4).

8. A dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a movable limiting block and a pressure spring; the movable limiting block is slidably sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft (4); the movable limiting block meshes with the output gear of the main transmission gear set or the output gear of the spare transmission gear set; the pressure spring is sleeved on the horizontal stirring shaft (4) and located on the side of the movable limiting block opposite to the output gear; one end of the pressure spring contacts the movable limiting block, and the other end is fixed on the horizontal stirring shaft (4).

9. A dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gearbox has a quick-release panel on its outer side.

10. A method of using a dry anaerobic fermentation apparatus for producing hydrogen alkylates according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Open the first push-pull plate and put the pretreated substrate into the mixing layer through the feed port; Close the first push-pull plate and start the horizontal stirring shaft (4) to stir and mix the substrate in the stirring layer; After mixing is complete, open the second push-pull plate to allow the mixed substrate to fall into the vibrating layer; Close the second push-pull plate, start the vibrator (7) and the heating coil (9) to allow the substrate to undergo anaerobic fermentation in the vibrating layer; The gas produced by the anaerobic fermentation reaction is discharged from the gas outlet and collected by the gas collection device. After the anaerobic fermentation reaction is completed, the residue is discharged through the discharge port (8).

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