Gravel geologic body root pile hole forming device and hole forming method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of drilling technology for tree root piles in gravelly geological formations, and provides a drilling device and method for tree root piles in gravelly geological formations. During the drilling process, a protective wall structure is applied to the hole wall to support it and prevent gravel from falling off or causing hole collapse. The solution includes: a support plate rotatably connected to the drill rod; a support tube fixed to the side of the support plate facing away from the drill bit, the support tube sleeved on the drill rod, and the drill rod rotatable relative to the support tube; an airbag sleeved on the support tube, located near the support plate; and a cylindrical mesh frame, with multiple cylindrical mesh frames connected end-to-end along the axial direction via connectors having easy-break marks. The cylindrical mesh frame sleeved on the support tube, with the head of the cylindrical mesh frame movably sleeved on the airbag. When the airbag is inflated, the cylindrical mesh frame can be opened and broken off at the easy-break marks to support the hole wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hole-forming technology for tree root piles in gravel geological bodies, and in particular to a hole-forming device and method for tree root piles in gravel geological bodies. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering, problems such as weak or slippery slope soil are frequently encountered. When slope movement occurs around human engineering projects and production and living areas, slope reinforcement is necessary. Root piles, especially those made of a mesh-structure tree root pile, possess strong shear resistance and stable mechanical characteristics, making them highly effective in loose and unstable geological formations such as gravel. However, when drilling holes for inclined branch piles with main piles connected to them, the drill bit and drill rod need to be extracted after drilling. Because gravel is relatively loose and unstable, hole collapse is prone to occur during drilling and the extraction of the drill rod and drill bit. This necessitates re-drilling, causing difficulties and impacting construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hole-forming device and method for root piles in gravelly geological bodies. During the hole-forming process, a protective wall structure is applied to the hole wall to support it, preventing gravel from falling off the hole wall or causing hole collapse. Furthermore, after adding a waterproof membrane to the protective wall device, it can also prevent groundwater in the loose rock and soil of the hole wall from diluting the grout in the hole or causing grout leakage.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A hole-forming device for root piles in gravelly geological formations includes a hole-forming machine carrier, an adjustable-angle hole-forming platform on the carrier, a slide rail on the platform, a mounting block slidably connected to the slide rail, a linear displacement drive mechanism on the platform for driving the mounting block to move linearly, a drill rod rotatably connected within the mounting block, a rotary drive mechanism connected to the rear end of the drill rod, and a drill bit mounted at the head of the drill rod.

[0006] A support plate, which is rotatably connected to the drill rod, is installed close to the drill bit;

[0007] A support tube is fixed to the side of the support plate facing away from the drill bit. The support tube is sleeved on the drill rod, and the drill rod can rotate relative to the support tube.

[0008] An airbag is fitted onto a support tube and is located near a support plate on the support tube.

[0009] A cylindrical mesh frame is provided, comprising multiple cylindrical mesh frames connected end to end along the axial direction via connectors. The connectors are provided with easy-break marks. The cylindrical mesh frame is fitted onto a support tube. The cylindrical mesh frame located at the head can be moved and fitted onto an airbag. When the airbag is inflated, it can expand the cylindrical mesh frame and break off from the easy-break marks to support and stabilize the hole wall.

[0010] Furthermore, a first ramp is provided on the support tube on the side of the airbag facing away from the support plate. The highest point of the first ramp is higher than or equal to the height of the airbag when it is not inflated. The first ramp is used to guide the cylindrical mesh frame onto the airbag.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a pusher tube, which can be fitted onto the support tube and is used to push the cylindrical grid towards the drill bit.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a protective cylinder, which encloses the cylindrical mesh frame and the airbag inside. A second ramp is provided on the support tube between the airbag and the support plate. The second ramp is conical and has an installation hole inside. The installation hole is fitted onto the support tube. The second ramp is used to guide the protective cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular magnet is embedded in the side of the support plate facing the airbag, the second ramp is placed within the annular range of the annular magnet, and the end of the protective cylinder facing the annular magnet is made of ferromagnetic material, the annular magnet being used to hold the protective cylinder in place.

[0014] Furthermore, the grid cells of the cylindrical space frame are parallelograms.

[0015] Furthermore, at least one support group is axially arranged on the cylindrical space frame. The support group includes an even number of fixing blocks fixed circumferentially on the cylindrical space frame. Each fixing block has a sliding groove concentric with the cylindrical space frame. An elastic support plate is slidably connected in two adjacent sliding grooves. The inner sides of the elastic support plate are evenly distributed with ratchet teeth facing opposite directions along their circumference. A pawl that cooperates with the ratchet teeth is provided in the sliding groove, so that when the cylindrical space frame is opened, the pawl can move on the ratchet teeth when the adjacent fixing blocks are relatively far apart, while the pawl and ratchet tooth structure prevents the adjacent fixing blocks from getting close to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the cylindrical mesh frame is wrapped with an elastic waterproof layer.

[0017] A method for forming a hole using a root pile drilling device in gravelly geological formations, wherein the root pile has a main pile and branch piles connected to the main pile, the branch piles being inclined downwards along the interior direction of the main pile; the hole forming process for the root pile is as follows:

[0018] Step 1: Drill the main pile hole. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform and position the drill rod to drill into the main pile hole. Then, start the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill into the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, stop the drill rod and move the foremost cylindrical grid onto the airbag. Inflate the airbag, and the expansion of the airbag will lift the cylindrical grid until it reaches the hole wall. At this point, the airbag stops inflating and begins to deflate and retract until it returns to its original state. Then, the drill rod continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, repeat the action of lifting the cylindrical grid with the airbag to form the hole wall. Continue drilling and repeat the above actions until the drilling is complete.

[0019] Step 2: Drill holes for the branch piles. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform and position the drill rod to drill into the branch pile hole. Then, activate the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill into the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, pause the drilling operation and move the foremost cylindrical grid onto the airbag. Inflate the airbag, and the expansion of the airbag will lift the cylindrical grid until it reaches the hole wall. At this point, the airbag stops inflating and begins to deflate and retract until it returns to its original state. Then, the drill rod continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the airbag is used again to support the cylindrical grid and stabilize the hole wall. Drilling continues, and the above actions are repeated until the hole is completed.

[0020] A hole-forming method using a hole-forming and wall-protection construction device for gravel geological bodies.

[0021] Step 1: Drill the main pile hole. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform, and position the drill rod to drill into the main pile hole. Then, activate the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill into the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, pause the drilling operation, move the foremost cylindrical space frame onto the airbag, and then retract the protective cylinder one position to expose the front cylindrical space frame.

[0022] Then, the airbag is inflated. The expansion of the airbag lifts the cylindrical mesh frame until it is pressed tightly against the inner wall of the borehole. At this point, the airbag stops inflating and begins to deflate and retract until it returns to its original state. Then, the protective cylinder is advanced one position until it touches the support plate.

[0023] Then the drill rod continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the protective cylinder is moved again, and the tubular mesh frame is supported by the airbag to support the hole wall. Then the hole is drilled again. The above actions are repeated until the drilling is completed.

[0024] Step 2: Drill holes for the branch piles. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform, and position the drill rod to drill into the hole. Then, activate the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill into the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, pause the drilling operation, move the foremost cylindrical grid frame onto the airbag, and then retract the protective cylinder one position to expose the front cylindrical grid frame.

[0025] Then, the airbag is inflated. The expansion of the airbag lifts the cylindrical mesh frame until it stabilizes the hole wall. At this point, the airbag stops inflating and begins to deflate and retract until it returns to its original state. Then, the protective cylinder is advanced one position until it touches the support plate.

[0026] Then the drill rod continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the protective cylinder is moved again, and the cylindrical mesh frame is supported and stabilized by the airbag. Then drilling continues, and the above actions are repeated until the drilling is completed.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By expanding the airbag while drilling, the cylindrical grid frame is supported and stabilized to support the hole wall, preventing the hole wall from collapsing in the loose gravel geological body. By installing the drill rod structure on a hole-forming platform with an adjustable angle, it is convenient to form holes for the main pile holes of tree root piles and branch pile holes in the loose gravel geological body.

[0028] 2. By installing a protective sleeve outside the airbag, the airbag is protected from damage by the geological body during the drilling process; and when the protective sleeve moves back one position, exposing the end cylindrical space frame, the protective sleeve covers the cylindrical space frame behind the end. In this way, when the end cylindrical space frame is supported, the protective sleeve restricts the support of the rear cylindrical space frame, making the end and the connected cylindrical space frame easy to break off from the easy-to-break point at the connector.

[0029] 3. Multiple cylindrical space frames are connected in sequence. Connecting two cylindrical space frames are connected by a connector with a folding crease. When the airbag inflates and supports the end cylindrical space frame, the folding crease between the end cylindrical space frame and the connected cylindrical space frame breaks, causing the head cylindrical space frame to detach and expand independently to support the hole wall. At the next drilling station, the cylindrical space frame connected to the head cylindrical space frame at the previous station becomes a new end cylindrical space frame. Multiple cylindrical space frames are fed in sequence to support the hole wall at different positions, with strong continuity.

[0030] 4. An elastic waterproof layer is installed on the outside or inside of the cylindrical grid structure so that when the cylindrical grid structure is stretched and supported against the borehole wall, it can prevent groundwater from seeping into the borehole, and at the same time, it can also prevent the grout in the borehole from seeping into the groundwater. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view from the perspective of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a four-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the protective cylinder portion of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the push-in cylinder portion of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a two-dimensional view of the push-in cylinder portion of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the drill rod and cylindrical space frame portion of the present invention (the protective cylinder is transparent).

[0040] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the drill rod and cylindrical space frame portion of the present invention (with the protective sleeve removed).

[0041] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the drill pipe and airbag portion of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a two-dimensional perspective view of the drill pipe and airbag portion of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the cylindrical space frame of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a side view of the cylindrical space frame of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 Sectional view along line AA;

[0046] Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 13 Middle left view;

[0047] Figure 16This is a diagram showing the drilling process of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the invention showing the installation of a spring plunger between the support tube and the push-in cylinder;

[0049] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the tree root stake hole of the present invention.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Drill rod; 2. Drill bit; 3. Support plate; 4. Support tube; 5. Airbag; 6. Cylindrical mesh frame; 7. Connector; 8. Easy-to-break; 9. First ramp; 10. Push-in cylinder; 11. Protective cylinder; 12. Second ramp; 13. Annular magnet; 14. Fixing block; 15. Sliding groove; 16. Elastic support plate; 17. Racket; 18. Pawl; 19. Elastic waterproof layer; 20. Mounting block; 21. First slide rail; 22. First slider; 23. First power telescopic rod; 24. First rack; 25. First electromagnetic push rod; 26. First cleat; 27. Second slide rail; 28. Second slider; 29. ​​Second power telescopic rod; 30. Second rack; 31. Second electromagnetic push rod; 32. Second cleat; 33. Hole forming machine carrier; 34. Hole forming platform; 35. Slide rail; 36. Linear drive motor; 37. Linear drive screw; 38. Rotary drive motor; 39. Gear set; 40. Spring plunger; 41. Arc-shaped groove; 42. Hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] This invention relates to a hole-forming device and method for tree root piles in gravelly geological formations.

[0053] This invention includes a hole-forming machine carrier 33, which can be an engineering vehicle. One end of a hole-forming platform 34 is rotatably connected to the hole-forming machine carrier 33. One end of a hydraulic cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the middle portion of the hole-forming platform 34. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the hole-forming machine carrier 33. A slide rail 35 extending along the length of the hole-forming platform 34 is provided, and a mounting block 20 is slidably connected to the slide rail 35. A linear displacement drive structure is provided on the hole-forming platform 34 to drive the mounting block 20 to linear displacement. The linear displacement drive mechanism includes a linear drive motor 36, which is connected to a linear drive screw 37. The linear drive screw 37 is rotatably connected to the hole-forming platform 34 and threadedly connected to the mounting block 20. A rotary drive device is fixed on the mounting block 20. The rotary drive device includes a rotary drive motor 38, which is connected to a drill rod 1 via a gear set 39, driving the drill rod 1 to rotate. The aforementioned hole-forming machine carrier is just one embodiment. In the prior art, many hole-forming machine carriers that can adjust the angle of the drill rod can also be applied to this invention to drive the drill rod of this invention to adjust the drilling angle for hole-forming operations. Figure 18 The diagram shows a tree root pile hole, including a main pile hole and branch pile holes. When constructing the branch pile holes, the drill rod needs to be tilted. If the main pile hole diameter is insufficient, the upper part of the main pile hole can be enlarged.

[0054] The construction device of this invention includes a drill rod 1 and a drill bit 2 at the head of the drill rod 1. A support plate 3 is installed on the drill rod 1 behind the drill bit 2. Preferably, the support plate 3 can be a circular plate with a hole in the middle, and the hole in the middle of the support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the drill rod 1 via a bearing. A support tube 4 is fixed to the rear side of the support plate 3. The support tube 4 is sleeved on the drill rod 1, and the drill rod 1 can rotate relative to the support tube 4. To maintain the stability of the support tube 4, a bearing can also be connected between the support tube 4 and the drill rod 1. A cylindrical airbag 5 is sleeved on the support tube 4 near the support plate 3. The air duct of the airbag 5 can extend from the inside of the support tube 4 to the outside of the support tube 4. Multiple cylindrical mesh frames 6 are sleeved on the support tube 4 behind the airbag 5, and the multiple cylindrical mesh frames 6 are connected by connectors 7.

[0055] The connector 7 can be two symmetrically arranged connecting pieces between two adjacent cylindrical space frames 6, with a folding crease 8 in the middle of the connecting piece. The connector 7 enables multiple cylindrical space frames 6 to form a connected whole, and the folding crease 8 on the connector 7 ensures that when the head cylindrical space frame 6 is opened by force, the folding crease 8 will break, without pulling open the adjacent cylindrical space frames 6. With the addition of the protective cylinder 11, when the protective cylinder 11 is moved back one position to expose the cylindrical space frame 6 on the airbag 5, the subsequent cylindrical space frames 6 are still inside the protective cylinder 11. At this time, the protective cylinder 11 can prevent the subsequent cylindrical space frames 6 from opening.

[0056] The tubular mesh frame 6 in this invention is an expandable mesh frame, and its basic grid can be a parallelogram. When the tubular mesh frame 6 is expanded by the airbag 5, the airbag 5 pushes it into the borehole wall of the gravel geological body. The tubular mesh frame 6 itself has a certain elasticity. At this time, the tubular mesh frame 6 can support the loose soil on the borehole wall and prevent a large amount of soil or pebbles from falling into the borehole due to the fluidity of the soil on the borehole wall.

[0057] Of course, in order to improve the supporting force of the cylindrical space frame 6, we install at least one set of support groups on the cylindrical space frame 6. The support groups can be two, three or more. When there are multiple groups, the multiple support groups are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cylindrical space frame 6. The support assembly includes an even number of fixed blocks 14 and an elastic support plate 16 between every two fixed blocks 14. The fixed blocks 14 are arc-shaped with the same center as the cylindrical mesh frame 6. A sliding groove 15 with the same center as the cylindrical mesh frame 6 is opened in the fixed blocks 14. Two adjacent fixed blocks 14 form a group. For example, if there are four fixed blocks 14, they are divided into two groups. The number of groups of fixed blocks 14 is half the number of fixed blocks 14. The two sliding grooves 15 of the fixed blocks 14 in the same group slide through the elastic support plate 16. Multiple ratchet teeth 17 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower side of the elastic support plate 16. A pawl 18 that cooperates with the ratchet teeth 17 is provided in the fixed blocks 14. The cooperation of the pawl 18 and the ratchet teeth 17 means that the two fixed blocks 14 can only move in a direction away from each other, and cannot move in a direction close to each other. When the cylindrical mesh frame 6 is inflated by the airbag 5, the elastic support plate 16 deforms and moves within the sliding groove 15. After the cylindrical mesh frame 6 is supported in place, the ratchet 17 and pawl 18 cooperate to prevent two adjacent fixing blocks 14 from approaching each other, so that the elastic support plate 16 provides support for the cylindrical mesh frame 6. The fixing blocks 14 can be fixed at the mesh nodes of the cylindrical mesh frame 6. This support mechanism, by setting the fixing blocks 14 and the elastic support plate 16 on the cylindrical mesh frame 6 and by using the pawl 18 and ratchet 17 to prevent the cylindrical mesh frame 6 from shrinking again, determines the size of the expansion based on the airbag 5. The expansion of the cylindrical mesh frame 6 when passively inflated allows it to be supported and positioned in the corresponding position after being inflated by the airbag 5, demonstrating strong adaptability and compatibility.

[0058] Preferably, to prevent groundwater in the loose soil or rock mass from diluting the grout in the borehole or causing grout leakage, an elastic waterproof layer 19 is wrapped around the outer circumference of the cylindrical mesh frame 6. This elastic waterproof layer 19 acts as a water barrier. When the cylindrical mesh frame 6 expands, the elastic waterproof layer 19 is elastic and can expand along with the cylindrical mesh frame 6. The elastic waterproof layer 19 can be made of elastic rubber material. The installation of the elastic waterproof layer 19 can prevent groundwater in the geological mass from seeping into the borehole and diluting the grout concentration in the borehole, and can also prevent the grout from the borehole wall from flowing into the loose geological mass and causing grout leakage. Therefore, in the process of preventing the exchange between the loose geological mass and the grout in the borehole, the stability of the borehole wall is further improved. The elastic waterproof layer 19 can also be set on the inner side of the cylindrical mesh frame. When the waterproof layer is set on the outer side of the cylindrical mesh frame and a fixing block 14 is installed, an opening matching the fixing block is dug in the waterproof layer, and the fixing block 14 is passed through the elastic waterproof layer 19 and fixed to the cylindrical mesh frame 6.

[0059] The airbag 5 in this invention is cylindrical in shape, with a hollow center through which a support tube 4 passes. The air vent of the airbag 5 can be threaded through the support tube 4 and connected to an external air pressure control device. The air pressure control device is used to inflate and deflate the airbag 5.

[0060] In this invention, to facilitate the smooth movement of the airbag 5 from the support tube 4 and its placement on the airbag 5, a first ramp 9 is installed on the support tube 4. The first ramp 9 is located on the side of the airbag 5 facing away from the drill bit 2. The highest point of the first ramp 9 is higher than the initial height of the airbag 5. The first ramp 9 is conical in shape, and the central through hole of the cone is fixed to the support tube 4. When the cylindrical mesh frame 6 is pushed towards the airbag 5, the cylindrical mesh frame 6 first contacts the first ramp 9. Guided by the first ramp 9, the cylindrical mesh frame 6 moves continuously towards the airbag 5 until it is placed on the airbag 5, at which point the advancement of the cylindrical mesh frame 6 stops.

[0061] In this invention, when drilling downwards in a gravelly geological body, the cylindrical mesh frame 6 can be moved sequentially onto the airbag 5 by gravity. However, when the drilling inclination is low or the hole is horizontal, a propulsion device is required. The propulsion device in this invention is a push-in cylinder 10, which is movable and positioned between the support tube 4 and the protective cylinder 11. A first propulsion mechanism is provided outside the push-in cylinder 10. The first power telescopic rod 23 of the first propulsion mechanism can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic rod, or a pneumatic rod to propel the cylindrical mesh frame 6. The first propulsion mechanism pushes the cylindrical mesh frame 6 onto the airbag 5 through the push-in cylinder 10. The pushing distance of the hydraulic rod, etc., can be calculated in advance based on its length, the position of the airbag 5, and the length of the cylindrical mesh frame 6. Alternatively, one or more miniature cameras can be embedded in the protective cylinder 11 around the airbag 5 to observe the movement and status of the various components inside the protective cylinder 11. Preferably, there are two first propulsion mechanisms, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tail end of the push-in cylinder 10. The first propulsion mechanism includes a first slide rail 21 fixed to the mounting block 20, two first sliders 22 slidably connected within the first slide rail 21, a first power telescopic rod 23 fixed to the two first sliders 22, a first rack 24 opened within the first slide rail 21, a first electromagnetic push rod 25 fixed to one of the first sliders 22, and a first locking tooth 26 fixed to the end of the first electromagnetic push rod 25 and engaging with the first rack 24. The movable rod portion of the first power telescopic rod 23 is connected to the tail of the push cylinder 10, and the cylinder portion of the first power telescopic rod 23 is fixed to the two first sliders 22. In the first propulsion mechanism, the first power telescopic rod 23 is set inside the first slide rail 21. When the length of the first power telescopic rod 23 is insufficient, the first electromagnetic push rod 25 can lift the first locking tooth 26, disengaging it from the first rack 24, thus pushing the first power telescopic rod 23 forward as a whole to compensate for its length. This solves the problem of insufficient length of the first power telescopic rod 23 when the hole is long. After the first power telescopic rod 23 is pushed to its position, the first electromagnetic push rod 25 lowers the first locking tooth 26, which engages with the first rack 24, positioning the cylinder part of the first power telescopic rod 23 and facilitating the forward movement of the first power telescopic rod 23 driving the push-in cylinder 10. At least one first pressure sensor can be embedded in the circumferential surface of the second ramp 12. The surface of the pressure sensor is flush with the ramp surface. When the push-in cylinder 10 moves, pushing the cylindrical mesh frame 6 forward, the pressure sensor works. When the cylindrical mesh frame 6 contacts the first pressure sensor, it detects that the cylindrical mesh frame has been pushed into place, and the push-in cylinder 10 stops pushing. The addition of this first pressure sensor facilitates the detection of the cylindrical space frame being pushed into place.Preferably, a spring plunger 40 can be added into the push-in cylinder, and an arc-shaped groove 41 can be opened at the corresponding position on the support tube 4. When the push-in cylinder 10 reaches the working position close to the airbag, the spring plunger 40 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 41. A contact sensor can be installed in the arc-shaped groove 41. When the spring plunger 40 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 41, the contact sensor can transmit information to the controller. The controller can prompt the contact sensor to detect the spring plunger 40 through a display or a speaker. When drill bit 2 drills in, the first electromagnetic push rod 25 rises. Then, because the spring plunger 40 is in the arc-shaped groove 41, drill rod 1 advances along with the push-in cylinder 10 via the support tube 4. Once in position, the first electromagnetic push rod 25 descends, the first locking tooth 26 engages with the first rack 24, and then the first power telescopic rod 23 pushes the push-in cylinder 10. Due to the power of the first power telescopic rod 23, the plunger in the spring plunger 40 overcomes the spring force and retracts, allowing the push-in cylinder 10 to advance normally. When the push-in cylinder 10 needs to retract, the power of the first power telescopic rod 23 again causes the plunger to overcome the spring force and retract, allowing the push-in cylinder 10 to retract normally. However, the locking force between the spring plunger 40 and the arc-shaped groove 41 is sufficient to drive the push-in cylinder 10 to follow drill rod 1 in drilling.

[0062] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in this invention, to protect the airbag 5 and the cylindrical mesh frame 6 and prevent excessive sand and gravel particles from damaging them, a protective cylinder 11 is fitted over the airbag 5 and the cylindrical mesh frame 6. The outer diameter of the protective cylinder 11 is smaller than the diameter of the hole drilled by the drill bit 2. A second propulsion mechanism is connected to the rear of the protective cylinder 11. The second propulsion mechanism can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic rod, or a pneumatic rod to move the protective cylinder 11 back and forth. A second pressure sensor can be added at the connection between the second propulsion mechanism and the protective cylinder 11. When the protective cylinder 11 comes into contact with the support plate 3, the pressure sensor detects an increase in pressure, and then the propulsion of the protective cylinder 11 can be stopped. To increase the stability of the protective cylinder 11, an annular magnet 13 can be embedded in the side of the support plate 3 facing the protective cylinder 11. The end of the protective cylinder 11 facing the annular magnet 13 is made of ferromagnetic material, so that when the protective cylinder 11 comes into contact with the support plate 3, the end of the protective cylinder 11 can be attracted by the annular magnet 13, thus providing support at both ends of the protective cylinder 11 (the rear end of the protective cylinder 11 is supported by the second propulsion mechanism, and the front end is attracted and supported by the annular magnet 13). After being embedded in the support plate 3, the annular magnet 13 is flush with the side of the support plate 3. After the protective cylinder 11 is attracted by the annular magnet 13, it can follow the drill rod 1 into the drill. Preferably, the annular magnet 13 is an electromagnet ring. Using an electromagnet ring can provide a greater magnetic force, and when it is necessary to break free from the attraction, it is only necessary to de-energize the electromagnet.

[0063] Since the protective cylinder 11 needs to protect the drill rod 1 during drilling, and the front end of the protective cylinder 11 is attracted to the annular magnet 13 of the support plate 3, when the drill rod 1 moves forward with the support plate 3, it will also move forward with the protective cylinder 11. Therefore, a second propulsion mechanism is needed to move forward with the protective cylinder 11. Preferably, there are two second propulsion mechanisms, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tail end of the protective cylinder 11. The second propulsion mechanism includes a second slide rail 27 fixed to the mounting block 20, two second sliders 28 slidably connected within the second slide rail 27, a second power telescopic rod 29 fixed to the two second sliders 28, a second rack 30 opened within the second slide rail 27, a second electromagnetic push rod 31 fixed to one of the second sliders 28, and a second locking tooth 32 fixed to the end of the second electromagnetic push rod 31 and engaging with the second rack 30. The movable part of the second power telescopic rod 29 is connected to the tail end of the protective cylinder 11, and the cylinder part of the first power telescopic rod 23 is fixed to the two second sliders 28. In the second propulsion mechanism, the second power telescopic rod 29 is positioned within the second slide rail 27. This allows the second electromagnetic push rod 31 to lift the second locking tooth 32 as the protective cylinder 11 follows the drill rod 1, disengaging it from the second rack 30. This enables the protective cylinder 11 to move forward along with the second power telescopic rod 29, compensating for its length. Once the second power telescopic rod 29 is in position, the second electromagnetic push rod 31 lowers the second locking tooth 32, engaging it within the second rack 30. This positions the cylinder portion of the second power telescopic rod 29, facilitating its forward and backward movement to drive the protective cylinder 11, thereby exposing and re-covering the airbag 5. This mechanism of the protective cylinder 11 ensures strong following of the drill rod 1, allowing it to advance alongside the drill rod and thus protecting the airbag 5 and the cylindrical mesh frame 6.

[0064] To facilitate the movement of the protective cylinder 11 toward the support plate 3, and to ensure that the protective cylinder 11 remains coaxial with the support tube 4 after it reaches the support plate 3, a second ramp 12 is provided on the support tube 4 between the airbag 5 and the support plate 3. The second ramp 12 is conical, and its outer diameter gradually increases toward the support plate 3. This second ramp 12 can be composed of an inclined part and a horizontal part, that is, it can be composed of a conical cylinder and a circular cylinder, with the circular cylinder connected to the end of the conical cylinder with the larger diameter, and the outer diameter of the circular cylinder being equal to that of the end of the conical cylinder with the larger diameter. When it is necessary to expose part of the airbag 5, the second propulsion mechanism is activated, pulling the protective cylinder 11 backward. At this time, the protective cylinder 11 overcomes the attraction of the annular magnet 13 and moves backward, exposing the airbag 5. The airbag 5 then inflates, supporting the cylindrical mesh frame 6 on the airbag 5 into the borehole wall. Then the airbag 5 retracts, and the second propulsion mechanism is activated again, pushing the protective cylinder 11 forward. Guided by the second ramp 12, the protective cylinder 11's axis is ensured to be concentric with the support tube 4. Then, after the protective cylinder 11 comes into contact with the support plate 3, it is attracted by the annular magnet 13 on the support plate 3. Preferably, the support plate 3 is a circular plate with a hole in the middle, and is fixed to the drill rod 1 through a bearing in the middle hole. The outer diameter of the protective cylinder 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the support plate 3.

[0065] like Figure 1-4 As shown, one end of a drilling platform 34 is rotatably connected to the drilling machine carrier 33. One end of a hydraulic cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the drilling platform 34. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 is rotatably connected to the drilling machine carrier 33. A slide rail 35 extending along its length is provided on the drilling platform 34. A mounting block 20 is slidably connected to the slide rail 35. A linear displacement drive structure for driving the mounting block 20 to move in a straight line is provided on the drilling platform 34. The linear displacement drive mechanism includes a linear drive motor 36. The linear drive motor 36 is connected to a linear drive screw 37. The linear drive screw 37 is rotatably connected to the drilling platform 34. The linear drive screw 37 is threadedly connected to the mounting block 20. A rotary drive motor 38 is fixed on the mounting block 20. The rotary drive motor 38 is connected to the drill rod 1 through a gear set and drives the drill rod 1 to rotate. In practical use, the angle of the drilling platform 34 can be adjusted by starting the hydraulic cylinder 42, thereby adjusting the angle of the drill rod 1 relative to the drilling plane, so as to drill holes at different angles. After setting the drilling angle, the linear drive motor 36 and the rotary drive motor 38 are started to perform the drilling action.

[0066] The outer ends of both the first and second propulsion mechanisms are mounted on the mounting block 20.

[0067] like Figure 16As shown, one embodiment of the hole-forming method in the construction process of the present invention is an embodiment without the installation of the protective cylinder 11. Drilling is performed on a gravelly geological body. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod 1 stops. The first propulsion mechanism moves the foremost cylindrical mesh frame 6 onto the airbag 5 via the push-in cylinder 10. Then, the airbag 5 is inflated, causing the cylindrical mesh frame 6 to expand and support it until the airbag 5 supports the cylindrical mesh frame 6 and stabilizes the hole wall. At this point, the airbag 5 stops expanding and begins to deflate and retract until it returns to its original state. The cylindrical mesh frame 6 is supported on the hole wall. Then, the drill rod 1 continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod 1 stops. The first propulsion mechanism pushes the head of the cylindrical mesh frame 6 onto the airbag 5 again via the push-in cylinder 10, and the airbag 5 supports the cylindrical mesh frame 6 to form the hole wall. Drilling continues, and the above actions are repeated until the drilling is completed.

[0068] Another embodiment of the construction hole-forming method in the construction process of the present invention is an embodiment in which the protective cylinder 11 is installed. The rear end of the drill rod 1 is connected to the drive mechanism to drill the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod 1 stops, the frontmost cylindrical mesh frame 6 is moved to the air bag 5, and then the protective cylinder 11 is moved back one position to expose the front cylindrical mesh frame 6.

[0069] Then inflate the airbag 5. The expansion of the airbag 5 will lift the cylindrical mesh frame 6 until the airbag 5 lifts the cylindrical mesh frame 6 into the hole wall, so that the cylindrical mesh frame 6 supports the hole wall. At this time, the airbag 5 stops inflating and begins to deflate and retract until the airbag 5 returns to its original state. Then advance the protective cylinder 11 one station until it touches the support plate 3.

[0070] Then drill rod 1 continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, drill rod 1 stops and the protective cylinder 11 moves again. The airbag 5 supports the cylindrical mesh frame 6 to form the hole wall. Then drilling continues. The above actions are repeated until drilling is completed.

[0071] This invention, through the structure described in the above embodiment, uses the expansion of airbags 5 to drive a self-supporting cylindrical mesh frame 6 to support the borehole wall. This is fast and efficient. The cylindrical mesh frame 6 is composed of multiple interconnected connectors 7 with easy-break folds 8, allowing for continuous support of the borehole wall at multiple workstations during drilling, with strong continuity. This invention is mainly applied to geological conditions with high fluidity, such as gravel bodies. After drilling a certain distance, the expansion of airbags 5 supports the cylindrical mesh frame 6, which in turn supports the borehole wall, preventing loose gravel from falling into the hole. In particular, adding a layer of waterproof cloth prevents groundwater in the loose rock and soil within the borehole wall from diluting the grout or causing leakage, while also enhancing the stability of the borehole wall. Furthermore, multiple cylindrical space frames 6 are arranged sequentially, providing support at multiple workstations during hole forming. Each cylindrical space frame 6 is supported by an airbag 5, allowing a single power mechanism to continuously support multiple feedable cylindrical space frames 6. Once supported, the cylindrical space frames 6 self-lock to their current position, providing support to the hole wall.

Claims

1. A hole-forming device for root piles in gravel geological formations, comprising a hole-forming machine carrier (33), wherein the hole-forming machine carrier (33) has an adjustable-angle hole-forming platform (34), a slide rail (35) is provided on the hole-forming platform (34), an mounting block (20) is slidably connected to the slide rail (35), a linear displacement drive mechanism is provided on the hole-forming platform (34) to drive the mounting block (20) to move along a linear displacement, a drill rod (1) is rotatably connected inside the mounting block (20), a rotary drive mechanism is connected to the rear end of the drill rod (1), and a drill bit (2) is installed at the head of the drill rod (1), characterized in that, include, Support plate (3), which is rotatably connected to drill rod (1), and the installation position of support plate (3) is close to drill bit (2); Support tube (4), the support tube (4) is fixed on the side of the support plate (3) facing away from the drill bit (2), the support tube (4) is sleeved on the drill rod (1), and the drill rod (1) can rotate relative to the support tube (4); Airbag (5), the airbag (5) is sleeved on the support tube (4), the airbag (5) is located on the support tube (4) near the support plate (3); A cylindrical mesh frame (6) is provided. There are multiple cylindrical mesh frames (6). Multiple cylindrical mesh frames (6) are connected end to end along the axial direction through a connector (7). The connector (7) is provided with a folding crease (8). The cylindrical mesh frame (6) is sleeved on the support tube (4). The cylindrical mesh frame (6) located at the head can be movably sleeved on the airbag (5). When the airbag (5) is inflated, the cylindrical mesh frame (6) can be opened and broken off from the folding crease (8) to support the hole wall. It also includes a pusher tube (10), which can be fitted onto the support tube (4) and is used to push the cylindrical grid (6) toward the drill bit (2); At least one set of support groups is axially arranged on the cylindrical mesh frame (6). The support group includes an even number of fixed blocks (14) fixed in a circular shape on the cylindrical mesh frame (6). The fixed blocks (14) have sliding grooves (15) with the same center as the cylindrical mesh frame (6). Two adjacent sliding grooves (15) are slidably connected to elastic support plates (16). The inner sides of the elastic support plates (16) are evenly distributed with ratchet teeth (17) facing opposite directions along their circumference. The sliding grooves (15) are provided with pawls (18) that cooperate with the ratchet teeth (17). When the cylindrical mesh frame (6) is opened, the pawls (18) can move on the ratchet teeth (17) when the adjacent fixed blocks (14) are relatively far apart. The structure of the pawls (18) and ratchet teeth (17) prevents the adjacent fixed blocks (14) from getting close to each other.

2. The device for drilling tree root piles in gravelly geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag (5) has a first ramp (9) on the support tube (4) on the side facing away from the support plate (3). The highest point of the first ramp (9) is higher than or equal to the height of the airbag (5) when it is not inflated. The first ramp (9) is used to guide the cylindrical mesh frame (6) onto the airbag (5).

3. The device for drilling tree root piles in gravelly geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective cylinder (11), which encloses the cylindrical mesh frame (6) and the airbag (5) inside. A second ramp (12) is provided on the support tube (4) between the airbag (5) and the support plate (3). The second ramp (12) is conical and has an installation hole inside. The installation hole is fitted onto the support tube (4). The second ramp (12) is used to guide the protective cylinder (11).

4. The hole-forming device for tree root piles in gravelly geological formations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support plate (3) has an embedded annular magnet (13) on the side facing the airbag (5). The second ramp (12) is placed within the annular range of the annular magnet (13). The end of the protective cylinder (11) facing the annular magnet (13) is made of ferromagnetic material. The annular magnet (13) is used to hold the protective cylinder (11).

5. The device for drilling tree root piles in gravelly geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid units of the cylindrical space frame (6) are parallelograms.

6. The device for drilling tree root piles in gravelly geological formations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical mesh frame (6) is wrapped with an elastic waterproof layer (19).

7. A method for forming holes using the root pile hole-forming device for gravelly geological bodies as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The root pile has a main pile and a trunk pile connected to the main pile, the trunk pile being inclined downwards along the interior direction of the main pile; the process of drilling a hole for the root pile is as follows: Step 1: Drill the main pile hole. Adjust the drilling angle through the drilling platform (34) and adjust the drill rod (1) to the drilling posture of the main pile hole. Then start the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod (1) stops and moves the cylindrical grid (6) at the front to the air bag (5). Then inflate the air bag (5). The expansion of the air bag (5) drives the cylindrical grid (6) to be supported until the air bag (5) supports the cylindrical grid (6) into the hole wall. At this time, the air bag (5) stops expanding and begins to deflate and retract until the air bag (5) returns to its original state. Then the drill rod (1) continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the action of supporting the cylindrical grid (6) with the air bag (5) to form the hole wall is performed again. Then the drilling continues. Repeat the above actions until the drilling is completed. Step 2: Drill holes for the tree trunk piles. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform (34), and adjust the drill rod (1) to the drilling posture for the tree trunk pile holes. Then, start the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod (1) pauses and moves the cylindrical mesh frame (6) at the front to the air bag (5). Then, inflate the air bag (5). The expansion of the air bag (5) drives the cylindrical mesh frame (6) to be supported until the air bag (5) supports the cylindrical mesh frame (6) into the hole wall. At this time, the air bag (5) stops expanding and begins to deflate and retract until the air bag (5) returns to its original state. Then, the drill rod (1) continues to drill. After drilling a certain distance, the operation of supporting the cylindrical mesh frame (6) and stabilizing the hole wall with the air bag (5) is performed again. Then, continue drilling and repeat the above actions until the drilling is completed.

8. A method for forming holes using the root pile hole-forming device for gravelly geological bodies as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tree root pile has a main pile and branch piles connected to the main pile, the branch piles being inclined downwards along the interior direction of the main pile; the process of drilling the pile hole for this tree root pile is as follows: Step 1: Drill the main pile hole. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform (34), and adjust the drill rod (1) to the drilling posture of the main pile hole. Then, start the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, pause the drill rod (1), move the foremost cylindrical grid (6) onto the airbag (5), and then move the protective cylinder (11) back one position to expose the front cylindrical grid (6). Then inflate the airbag (5). The expansion of the airbag (5) will lift the cylindrical mesh frame (6) until the airbag (5) supports the cylindrical mesh frame (6) and stabilizes the hole wall. At this time, the airbag (5) stops expanding and begins to deflate and retract until the airbag (5) returns to its original state. Then advance the protective cylinder (11) one position until it touches the support plate (3). Then the drill rod (1) continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the protective cylinder (11) moves again and the airbag (5) supports the cylindrical mesh frame (6) to support the hole wall. Then the drilling continues. The above actions are repeated until the drilling is completed. Step 2: Drill holes for the branch piles. Adjust the drilling angle using the drilling platform (34), adjust the drill rod to the drilling posture of the branch pile hole, and then start the linear displacement drive mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism to drill holes in the gravel geological body. After drilling a certain distance, the drill rod (1) is paused, and the cylindrical mesh frame (6) at the front is moved onto the airbag (5). Then the protective cylinder (11) is moved back one position to expose the front cylindrical mesh frame (6). Then inflate the airbag (5). The expansion of the airbag (5) will lift the cylindrical mesh frame (6) until the airbag (5) lifts the cylindrical mesh frame (6) into the hole wall. At this time, the airbag (5) stops expanding and begins to deflate and retract until the airbag (5) returns to its original state. Then advance the protective cylinder (11) one station until it touches the support plate (3). Then the drill rod (1) continues to drill forward. After drilling a certain distance, the protective cylinder (11) moves again and the cylindrical mesh frame (6) is supported by the airbag (5) to support the hole wall. Then the drilling continues and the above actions are repeated until the drilling is completed.

Images