Optical lens and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical lens and an assembling method thereof. The optical lens comprises an inner lens cone, a diaphragm assembly and at least one group of lens and space ring. A lateral open groove which is through in the radial direction and extends in the axial direction is formed in the barrel wall of the inner lens barrel, the opening angle of the lateral open groove in the circumferential direction is larger than or equal to 180 degrees, and a first limiting step and a second limiting step are formed at the two axial ends of the lateral open groove respectively; the diaphragm assembly comprises a diaphragm base, the diaphragm assembly is configured to be capable of being integrally installed in or taken out of the inner lens cone through the lateral open groove in the radial direction, and the two axial ends of the diaphragm base directly abut against the first limiting step and the second limiting step respectively so that axial detachable positioning can be achieved; the at least one group of lenses and space rings are configured to be capable of being mounted in or taken out from the end part of the inner lens cone along the axial direction; the radial assembling and disassembling path of the diaphragm assembly is independent of the axial assembling and disassembling path of the lens and the space ring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of industrial lens assembly, and more particularly, to an optical lens and an assembly method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of industrial imaging, industrial lenses are the core components for high-quality image acquisition, and their performance and reliability are crucial. As a key component for controlling light quantity, the traditional installation method of the diaphragm is usually to sequentially install it in the lens barrel along the optical axis direction (axial direction) of the lens group. This traditional integrated axial assembly structure has significant drawbacks in industrial application scenarios: Firstly, since the outer diameter of the diaphragm assembly is usually larger than the outer diameter of some lenses in the optical system, these small-aperture lenses cannot directly pass through the inner cavity of the lens barrel with the diaphragm installed. Therefore, the lens barrel is often forced to be manufactured in sections, for example, a front group lens barrel and a rear group lens barrel are set up, the small-aperture lenses are installed in the segmented lens barrel, and then the segmented lens barrel is assembled with another lens barrel with the diaphragm installed. This undoubtedly increases the number of lens barrels and other structural components, making the overall structure of the lens complex, the volume larger, and the assembly process more complex and the manufacturing cost higher.

[0003] Secondly, and more importantly, there is a maintenance problem. In industrial environments, the lens may need to be cleaned or maintained regularly due to harsh use environments (such as dust and oil). However, in the traditional structure, when the diaphragm needs to be cleaned, replaced, or repaired, the multiple lenses, spacers, and even segmented lens barrels in front of the diaphragm must be disassembled first. This process is tedious and inefficient, seriously affecting the production or detection process. Moreover, repeated disassembly and assembly can easily scratch the optical surface of the precision lens, introduce dust and other pollutants, seriously affect the imaging quality, and even cause damage to the lens, significantly increasing maintenance costs and use risks.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field of industrial lenses for a new diaphragm installation structure that can fundamentally solve the technical problems of complex lens structure, tedious assembly process, and inconvenient maintenance of the diaphragm assembly caused by the traditional axial assembly method. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a new technical solution for an optical lens and an assembly method thereof to solve the technical problems of complex structure of industrial lenses, inconvenient maintenance of diaphragm assemblies, and the need to disassemble the lens group caused by the axial serial assembly in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical lens, comprising: An inner lens barrel, a barrel wall of which is provided with a lateral slot extending axially and penetrating radially, the lateral slot having an opening angle of ≥180° in the circumferential direction, and a first limiting step and a second limiting step being formed at the two axial ends of the lateral slot respectively; A diaphragm assembly including a diaphragm base, the diaphragm assembly being configured to be integrally loaded into or taken out of the inner lens barrel along the radial direction through the lateral slot, the diaphragm base being directly abutted with the first limiting step and the second limiting step at the two axial ends respectively to achieve axial detachable positioning; and, At least one set of lenses and spacers configured to be loaded into or taken out of the end of the inner lens barrel along the axial direction; Wherein, the radial loading path of the diaphragm assembly and the axial loading path of the lenses and spacers are independent of each other, so that the lenses and spacers do not need to be disassembled when the diaphragm assembly is maintained.

[0007] Optionally, the diaphragm assembly includes: A diaphragm driving ring rotatably arranged on the diaphragm base; A plurality of blades arranged on the diaphragm base and enclosed to form a variable-diameter light passage, the plurality of blades being drivingly connected with the diaphragm driving ring; and, A diaphragm adjusting rod connected with the diaphragm driving ring and extending radially outward; One end of a slot wall of the lateral slot is provided with a notch, and the notch provides a circumferential rotation space for the diaphragm adjusting rod.

[0008] Optionally, the optical lens further includes a diaphragm fixing frame, the profile of which is adapted to the lateral slot and detachably connected to the inner lens barrel to cover the lateral slot, for pressing and fixing the diaphragm assembly in the inner lens barrel from the radial outside.

[0009] Optionally, an anti-rotation structure is arranged between the diaphragm fixing frame and the diaphragm base to prevent the diaphragm assembly from rotating around the optical axis.

[0010] Optionally, the anti-rotation structure includes a protrusion and a groove matched with the protrusion; One of the protrusion and the groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the diaphragm fixing frame facing the inner lens barrel, and the other is arranged on the outer periphery of the diaphragm base of the diaphragm assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the inner side wall of the diaphragm fixing frame is provided with a fixing step extending in the circumferential direction; when the diaphragm fixing frame is installed on the inner lens barrel and covers the lateral slot, the fixing step and the second limiting step jointly splice to form an annular step, and the annular step cooperates with the first limiting step to jointly clamp and fix the diaphragm base on both axial sides.

[0012] Optionally, the diaphragm fixing frame is connected with the inner lens barrel through a fastener.

[0013] Optionally, the diaphragm fixing frame is provided with a first mounting hole, the inner lens barrel is provided with a first threaded hole corresponding to the first mounting hole, and the fastener is connected through the first mounting hole and the first threaded hole to press and fix the diaphragm fixing frame to the inner lens barrel.

[0014] Optionally, the diaphragm assembly is directly connected with the inner lens barrel through a fastener.

[0015] Optionally, the inner lens barrel is provided with a second mounting hole, and the diaphragm base of the diaphragm assembly is provided with a second threaded hole corresponding to the second mounting hole. When the diaphragm base abuts against the first limiting step and the second limiting step, the second mounting hole is aligned with the second threaded hole, and the fastener is connected through the second mounting hole and the second threaded hole to directly fix the diaphragm assembly to the inner lens barrel.

[0016] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an assembling method of an optical lens, and the assembling method comprises: providing an inner lens barrel, a barrel wall of the inner lens barrel is provided with a lateral slot which is radially through and has a circumferential opening angle ≥180°, and axial two ends of the lateral slot respectively form a first limiting step and a second limiting step; integrally loading a diaphragm assembly into the lateral slot along a radial direction until axial two ends of a diaphragm base abut against the first limiting step and the second limiting step respectively to complete axial limiting; detachably fixing the diaphragm assembly after completing axial limiting to the inner lens barrel; loading at least one group of lenses and a spacer from axial end portions of the inner lens barrel; wherein a radial loading path of the diaphragm assembly and an axial loading path of the lenses and the spacer are spatially independent, so that the lenses and the spacer do not need to be disassembled when the diaphragm assembly is maintained.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The design scheme of the optical lens provided by the embodiments of the present application constructs an architecture in which radial loading of a diaphragm assembly and axial loading of a lens assembly are completely separated in structure and path, by providing a lateral slot with a circumferential opening angle ≥180° on a side wall of an inner lens barrel and directly abutting a diaphragm base against a first limiting step and a second limiting step at two ends of the lateral slot. This design makes the diaphragm assembly a module that can be independently operated, realizes quick assembly and disassembly and maintenance of the diaphragm assembly without affecting any lens and spacer, and fundamentally avoids pollution, scratches and broken pieces caused by repeated disassembly and assembly of optical elements, and improves the efficiency and safety of maintenance operation.

[0018] Other features of the present specification, and the advantages thereof over existing systems and methods will become more apparent from the following detailed description, from the drawing, from the claims, and from the appended description of exemplary embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification, illustrate the embodiments of the present specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present specification.

[0020] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a first optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A structure exploded schematic view of the first optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A partial structure exploded schematic view of the first optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 An external structure view of the first optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 An external structure view of the first optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A structure schematic view of a diaphragm fixing frame provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A structure schematic view of a diaphragm fixing frame provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A structure schematic view of a first diaphragm assembly provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 An external structure view of a second optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 An external structure view of a second optical lens provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 A structure schematic view of a second diaphragm assembly provided for an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 A structure schematic view of a second diaphragm assembly provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Explanation of reference signs: 1, inner barrel; 11, lateral slot; 12, first limiting step; 13, second limiting step; 14, notch; 15, first threaded hole; 16, second mounting hole; 2, diaphragm assembly; 21, diaphragm base; 22, blade; 23, diaphragm adjusting rod; 24, second threaded hole; 3, diaphragm fixing frame; 31, first mounting hole; 32, fixing step; 4, fastener; 5, anti-rotation structure; 51, protrusion; 52, groove; 6, lens; 7, spacer; 8, lock ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and numerical values of components and steps set forth in these embodiments are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0023] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the application, its application, or uses.

[0024] Techniques and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.

[0025] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value is to be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0026] Note that like reference numerals and letters indicate like items in the several views, and once an item is defined in one view, it need not be discussed further in subsequent views.

[0027] The optical lens and the assembling method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present application, an optical lens is provided, referring to Figures 1 to 3 , the optical lens comprises an inner barrel 1, a diaphragm assembly 2, and at least one set of lenses 6 and spacers 7. The barrel wall of the inner barrel 1 is provided with a radially-through and axially-extending lateral slot 11, the opening angle of the lateral slot 11 in the circumferential direction is ≥180°, and the first and second limiting steps 12 and 13 are respectively formed at the two axial ends. The diaphragm assembly 2 comprises a diaphragm base 21, the diaphragm assembly 2 is configured to be integrally loaded or removed from the inner barrel 1 along the radial direction through the lateral slot 11, and the axial ends of the diaphragm base 21 directly abut the first and second limiting steps 12 and 13, respectively, to achieve axially detachable positioning. The at least one set of lenses 6 and spacers 7 are configured to be loaded or removed from the end of the inner barrel 1 along the axial direction. Wherein, the radial loading and removal path of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the axial loading and removal path of the lenses and spacers are independent of each other, so that the lenses and spacers do not need to be disassembled when the diaphragm assembly 2 is maintained.

[0029] Referring to Figures 2 to 5The optical lens provided by the embodiments of the present application is innovative in the structure of the inner barrel 1. Specifically, the structure design breaks through the limitation that all components must be assembled in series along the axial direction in the traditional barrel, and the key is that a lateral slot 11 with the functions of guiding, containing and positioning is arranged on the barrel wall, thereby creating an assembly path independent of the direction of the optical axis in the physical structure.

[0030] Specifically, the design of the lateral slot 11 in the present application includes the following three interrelated elements: (1) Radial penetration: a special channel is formed for the diaphragm assembly 2 to directly enter and exit the barrel radially.

[0031] (2) Axial extension: the extension length ensures that the axial dimension of the diaphragm assembly 2 can be completely contained.

[0032] (3) Circumferential large opening: the opening angle ≥180° forms a super-half-week “assembly window”. This design is the key to realizing the modular assembly and disassembly of the diaphragm assembly, which eliminates structural interference in the assembly process, so that the diaphragm assembly 2 can be radially loaded or unloaded as a whole with the simplest insertion or extraction action without any complex rotation action, thereby greatly simplifying the operation process.

[0033] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13 are respectively formed at the axial two ends of the lateral slot 11 and are integrally formed with the main body of the inner barrel 1, together forming an axial positioning mechanism. The core of the axial positioning mechanism is that there is a designed axial spacing between the two limiting steps, and the axial spacing is configured to cooperate with the axial thickness of the diaphragm seat 21. When the diaphragm assembly 2 is radially loaded into the lateral slot 11 and reaches the preset position, the axial two ends of the diaphragm seat 21 will simultaneously form stable bidirectional end face abutments with the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13. This key abutment relationship enables the diaphragm assembly 2 to automatically complete positioning in the optical axis direction during the radial falling process, not only playing a mechanical stopper restraining role, but also ensuring that the diaphragm surface can be limited to the preset optical plane. This positioning mechanism establishes an accurate reference for the subsequent compression and fixing process, and is the core structural guarantee for realizing the quick and accurate assembly of the diaphragm assembly 2.

[0034] Referring to Figure 3, the diaphragm base 21 is, for example, a ring-shaped rigid member, the outer diameter of which is in cooperation with the width of the lateral slot 11, and the axial thickness of which is matched with the axial spacing between the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13. Based on this design, the assembly process of the diaphragm assembly 2 is greatly simplified: without the need for sequential serial installation from the end of the lens barrel, only the complete diaphragm assembly 2 (including the diaphragm base 21, the blade 22, the diaphragm driving ring and the diaphragm adjusting rod 23) is inserted into the lateral slot 11 as a whole module. When the front and rear end faces of the diaphragm base 21 abut against the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13 respectively, the diaphragm assembly 2 is axially clamped and positioned, and at the same time is radially constrained by the side wall of the lateral slot 11, completing the efficient self-positioning installation.

[0035] The optical lens provided by the embodiment of the present application further comprises a lens assembly arranged along the optical axis direction, which comprises, for example, a plurality of lenses 6, a spacer 7 and a lock ring 8. Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , the lenses 6 located on the left side of the inner lens barrel 1 form a rear group assembly together with the spacer 7 and the lock ring 8, and the lenses 6 located on the right side form a front group assembly, both of which are sequentially installed along the axial direction from the two end faces of the lens barrel of the inner lens barrel 1.

[0036] Importantly, the axial installation path of the front and rear group assemblies and the radial installation path of the diaphragm assembly 2 are completely separated in space and do not interfere with each other. Based on this structural design, when cleaning, replacing or adjusting the aperture size of the diaphragm assembly 2 is needed, it only needs to be laterally extracted after the fixing constraint is released. In this whole process, all elements such as lenses 6, spacer 7 and lock ring 8 remain in place without any movement, thereby fundamentally avoiding the risks of optical surface contamination, lens scratching and optical axis deviation caused by repeated disassembly and assembly, and significantly improving the convenience and safety of maintenance operation.

[0037] The optical lens provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes the physical separation of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the lens assembly in the installation path through structural design. This design breaks through the technical limitation that all components of the traditional optical lens must be installed in series along the axial direction. Specifically, the design scheme provided by the present application constructs an independent radial operation channel of the diaphragm assembly 2 by arranging a lateral slot 11 with a specific angle and a matching limiting step structure on the side wall of the inner lens barrel 1, so that the installation path of the diaphragm assembly 2 is completely different from the axial installation path of the lens assembly, referring to Figure 2 . This structural path separation brings the following significant technical progress: (1) Maintenance operation no longer needs to disassemble any lens assembly, only needs to release the fixing constraint of the diaphragm assembly 2, and then directly takes it out or installs it through the radial path, simplifying the complex multi-step disassembly and assembly process into a single operation step.

[0038] (2) Eliminate a series of risks caused by repeated disassembly of lens group, including: avoid optical surface scratch in the process of disassembly, prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the optical system during disassembly, and eliminate the optical axis offset caused by repeated assembly and other adjustment errors, (3) This design also solves the problem of segmented design of lens barrel caused by the limitation of the outer diameter of diaphragm, makes the lens structure more compact, reduces the number of parts, and realizes the overall lightweight and compactness of the optical lens.

[0039] In summary, the design scheme of the optical lens provided by the embodiment of the application, by opening a lateral slot with a circumferential opening angle ≥180° on the side wall of the inner lens barrel 1, and directly abutting the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13 at both ends of the lateral slot 11 with the diaphragm base 21, a structure is constructed in which the radial installation of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the axial installation of the lens assembly are completely separated in structure and path. This design makes the diaphragm assembly 2 become an independently operable module, realizes its quick disassembly and maintenance without affecting any lens 6 and spacer ring 7, fundamentally avoids the pollution, scratches and broken pieces caused by repeated disassembly of optical elements, and improves the efficiency and safety of maintenance operation.

[0040] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the diaphragm assembly 2 includes a diaphragm driving ring, a plurality of blades 22, and a diaphragm adjusting rod 23; wherein the diaphragm driving ring is rotatably arranged on the diaphragm base 21; a plurality of blades 22 are arranged on the diaphragm base 21 and enclosed to form a variable diameter light hole, the plurality of blades 22 are drivingly connected with the diaphragm driving ring; the diaphragm adjusting rod 23 is connected with the diaphragm driving ring and extends radially outward; referring to Figure 4 , one end of the slot wall of the lateral slot 11 is provided with a notch 14, and the notch 14 provides a circumferential rotation space for the diaphragm adjusting rod 23.

[0041] In the examples provided by the present application, the diaphragm assembly 2 is a module integrated with adjustment function.

[0042] The diaphragm driving ring serves as the action control core, which is rotatably arranged on the diaphragm base 21. Its rotation will be directly converted into control of the diaphragm aperture (light hole size).

[0043] The plurality of blades 22 serve as the execution component of the diaphragm aperture, and these blades are connected with the diaphragm driving ring through mechanical linkage. When the driving ring rotates, it will drive all the blades 22 to move synchronously and smoothly, thereby changing the diameter of the central light hole enclosed by them, realizing the adjustment of light flux.

[0044] The diaphragm adjustment rod 23 is an external driving interface, which is connected with the diaphragm driving ring and extends radially outward, and protrudes from the diaphragm base 21. It is equivalent to a handle, and when an external actuator (or a manual tool) actuates the diaphragm adjustment rod 23, it will be converted into a rotating force of the driving ring.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the notch 14 is an avoidance structure. It is located on the groove wall of the lateral slot 11, and its core function is to provide the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 with the required circumferential rotation space. Without this notch 14, the rotation stroke of the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 will be blocked by the groove wall of the lateral slot 11, resulting in that the diaphragm aperture cannot be normally adjusted.

[0046] The diaphragm assembly 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application is a variable diaphragm assembly, and the working process is as follows: external driving actuates the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 to drive the diaphragm driving ring to rotate, and then drives all the blades 22 to move synchronously to change the size of the light passing aperture. During the whole process, the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 swings in the space defined by the notch 14.

[0047] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 2 , when the diaphragm assembly 2 is inserted into the position, the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 falls into the notch 14, and can be actuated within the circumferential angle range of the notch 14.

[0048] After the complete variable diaphragm module is inserted into the rear inner lens barrel 1, the size of the diaphragm aperture can be quickly adjusted through the exposed diaphragm adjustment rod 23 without disassembling the lenses and other components in the optical lens.

[0049] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figures 3 to 7 , the optical lens further comprises a diaphragm fixing frame 3, which is matched with the profile of the lateral slot 11 and is detachably connected to the inner lens barrel 1 to cover the lateral slot 11, and is used to press and fix the diaphragm assembly 2 in the inner lens barrel 1 from the radial outside.

[0050] In the examples provided by the present application, the optical lens introduces a diaphragm fixing frame 3 as a fixing member. Referring to Figure 2 , the diaphragm fixing frame 3 has a profile matched with the outer shape of the lateral slot 11, and can cover the entire slot area.

[0051] The diaphragm fixing frame 3 in the present application realizes preliminary positioning through its special profile and the edge of the lateral slot 11, ensuring the accuracy of the installation position.

[0052] When the diaphragm holder 3 is fixed to the inner lens barrel 1 by detachable means (e.g. fasteners 4), it can apply a pressing force to the entire diaphragm assembly 2 from the radial outside.

[0053] After the fixing is completed, the diaphragm holder 3 functions to close the lateral slot 11, preventing external foreign matter from entering the interior of the optical system.

[0054] With the independent diaphragm holder 3, the diaphragm assembly 2 can be detached and reattached without affecting any optical elements. During maintenance, the entire diaphragm assembly 2 can be removed by detaching the diaphragm holder 3, without needing to touch other lens group components.

[0055] In some examples of the present application, an anti-rotation structure 5 is provided between the diaphragm holder 3 and the diaphragm base 21, to prevent the diaphragm assembly 2 from rotating around the optical axis.

[0056] In examples of the present application, the provision of the anti-rotation structure 5 brings the following benefits: By preventing the diaphragm assembly 2 from accidentally rotating around the optical axis under radial external force or vibration, this structure ensures that the circumferential relative position between the diaphragm adjustment rod 23 and the notch 14 in the lateral slot 11 is always accurately corresponding. This ensures smooth and accurate diaphragm aperture adjustment operation, avoiding the failure or jamming of the adjustment function due to the overall rotation of the assembly.

[0057] The anti-rotation structure 5 eliminates the diaphragm assembly 2's freedom in the circumferential direction, preventing it from rotating slightly and causing unnecessary friction with the first and second limiting steps 12 and 13 or deviating from the optimal abutting position, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of axial positioning.

[0058] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the anti-rotation structure 5 includes a protrusion 51 and a recess 52 that fits with the protrusion 51; one of the protrusion 51 and the recess 52 is provided on the inner side wall of the diaphragm holder 3 facing the inner lens barrel 1, and the other is provided on the outer periphery of the diaphragm base 21 of the diaphragm assembly 2.

[0059] In one example of the present application, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the anti-rotation structure 5 includes a protrusion 51 and a recess 52 that fits with the protrusion 51: the protrusion 51 is provided on the inner side wall of the diaphragm holder 3, and the recess 52 is correspondingly provided on the outer periphery of the diaphragm base 21.

[0060] In one example of the present application, the protrusion 51 is provided on the outer periphery of the diaphragm base 21, and the recess 52 is correspondingly provided on the inner side wall of the diaphragm holder 3.

[0061] The examples provided by the present application achieve the anti-rotation function through the plug-in cooperation of the protrusion 51 and the groove 52.

[0062] The protrusion 51 and the groove 52 are simple mechanical features that are easy to process and can be directly formed on the diaphragm fixing frame 3 and the diaphragm base 21 without introducing additional parts, achieving the highest efficient and reliable anti-rotation function at the lowest manufacturing cost and structural complexity.

[0063] In addition, the structure design of the protrusion 51 and the groove 52 produces a self-guiding effect when initially installed. When the diaphragm fixing frame 3 approaches the installation position, the protrusion 51 cooperates with the groove 52 to guide the operator to quickly and accurately find the unique installation orientation. This feature simplifies the alignment process, not only improves the assembly efficiency, but also effectively prevents repeated adjustments caused by angle errors, ensuring the success rate of one-time assembly.

[0064] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figure 7 , the inner side wall of the diaphragm fixing frame 3 is provided with a fixed step 32 extending in the circumferential direction; when the diaphragm fixing frame 3 is installed on the inner lens barrel 1 and covers the lateral slot 11, the fixed step 32 and the second limiting step 13 jointly splice to form an annular step, which cooperates with the first limiting step 12 to jointly clamp and fix the diaphragm base 21 on both axial sides.

[0065] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the fixed step 32 on the diaphragm fixing frame 3 can jointly splice with the second limiting step 13 on the inner lens barrel 1 to form a continuous annular step. This design compensates for the interrupted inner wall structure of the lens barrel due to the lateral slot 11, restoring the integrity and rigidity of the lens barrel as an optical reference. The complete annular contact surface formed thereby can provide the diaphragm base 21 with circumferentially uniform and stable axial support, ensuring the flatness and positional accuracy of the diaphragm surface.

[0066] The annular step formed by the joint splicing of the fixed step 32 and the second limiting step 13 cooperates with the first limiting step 12 at the other end of the lens barrel to jointly clamp the diaphragm base 21 from both axial sides. This clamping mechanism greatly enhances the stability and reliability of axial positioning, preventing the diaphragm assembly 2 from producing axial movement during use, thereby stably maintaining its optical performance for a long time.

[0067] This structure upgrades the diaphragm fixing frame 3 from a simple cover plate to part of the lens barrel load-bearing structure, and shares the load with the lens barrel body.

[0068] In some examples of the present application, referring toFigures 3 to 7 The diaphragm holder 3 is connected to the inner lens barrel 1 by fasteners 4.

[0069] The detachable connection of the diaphragm holder 3 and the inner lens barrel 1 is achieved by fasteners 4 such as screws, bolts, etc. This design has the following significant advantages: the fastener connection not only provides a stable and reliable fixing method for the diaphragm holder 3, ensuring that it can tightly press the diaphragm assembly 2 in the working state, but also endows it with excellent detachability. When the diaphragm assembly 2 needs to be maintained, it can be conveniently disassembled and reassembled, meeting the design requirements of modular maintenance.

[0070] Specifically, referring to Figures 4 to 7 The diaphragm holder 3 is symmetrically connected to both sides of the inner lens barrel 1 at both ends by fasteners 4.

[0071] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figure 6 The diaphragm holder 3 is provided with a first mounting hole 31, referring to Figure 5 The inner lens barrel 1 is provided with a first threaded hole 15 corresponding to the first mounting hole 31, and the fastener 4 is connected through the first mounting hole 31 and the first threaded hole 15 to tightly fix the diaphragm holder 3 to the inner lens barrel 1.

[0072] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first mounting hole 31 serves as a through channel on the diaphragm holder 3, and its core role is to provide a path for the fastener 4 to pass through and preliminarily determine the installation position of the diaphragm holder 3 relative to the lens barrel. Referring to Figure 5 The first threaded hole 15 is an internal thread structure machined on the body of the inner lens barrel 1, which serves as the final locking terminal.

[0073] During assembly, the fastener 4 (such as a screw) passes through the first mounting hole 31 on the diaphragm holder 3 in sequence and is finally screwed into the first threaded hole 15 on the inner lens barrel 1. By tightening the fastener 4, the axial tension generated by it tightly presses the diaphragm holder 3 on the inner lens barrel 1. This pressing force is further transmitted to the diaphragm assembly below the diaphragm holder 3, and finally realizes the stable packaging and fixation of the entire diaphragm assembly 2 inside the lens barrel.

[0074] This threaded connection method allows repeated disassembly without significantly reducing the connection performance, meeting the core requirement of independent maintenance of the diaphragm assembly 2. The relative position of the first mounting hole 31 and the first threaded hole 15 ensures consistent repeatability of positioning accuracy during each assembly.

[0075] In the present application, the material of the diaphragm holder 3 can be plastic or metal. For example, the material of the diaphragm holder 3 is plastic, in which case the diaphragm holder 3 can be fixed without screws, and buckles can be provided on the diaphragm holder 3, and corresponding buckle positions can be provided on the inner lens barrel 1.

[0076] In some examples of the present application, the diaphragm assembly 2 is directly connected to the inner lens barrel 1 by the fastener 4.

[0077] According to this example of the present application, by omitting the diaphragm holder 3, one independent structural part is reduced, thereby reducing the total number of parts, the manufacturing cost, and the complexity of assembly management.

[0078] In some examples of the present application, referring to Figures 9 to 12 , the inner lens barrel 1 is provided with a second mounting hole 16, and the diaphragm base 21 of the diaphragm assembly 2 is correspondingly provided with a second threaded hole 24; when the diaphragm base 21 abuts against the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13, the second mounting hole 16 is aligned with the second threaded hole 24, and the fastener 4 is connected through the second mounting hole 16 and the second threaded hole 24 to directly fix the diaphragm assembly 2 to the inner lens barrel 1.

[0079] The example provided in the present application is a specific implementation of the previous example, and the key of this design is that when the diaphragm base 21 is axially positioned by abutting against the two limiting steps, the second mounting hole 16 and the second threaded hole 24 are automatically aligned. The fastener 4 is directly locked on the diaphragm base 21 through the lens barrel wall. All the fixing force is directly applied to the diaphragm assembly 2 itself.

[0080] In the present application, through the specially designed radial mounting path, the diaphragm assembly 2 can be directly mounted or removed from the side slot as a whole module. This means that when the diaphragm needs to be cleaned, replaced, or maintained, it is completely unnecessary to disassemble any lens and spacer ring in front of or behind the lens. This greatly simplifies the maintenance process of industrial lenses, improves the maintenance efficiency, and fundamentally avoids the risk of lens scratching, optical axis deviation, and pollution introduction caused by repeated disassembly of the lens group, and is particularly suitable for use in industrial detection environments that require high reliability and frequent maintenance.

[0081] The design of the present application breaks the traditional constraint that the diaphragm outer diameter must be greater than part of the lens, and the lens group can be directly mounted from the end of the lens barrel, which eliminates the need to design an additional segmented lens barrel or front group assembly to accommodate small-diameter lenses. This effectively reduces the number of parts, simplifies the overall structure, and thus reduces the cost of materials and the complexity of assembly.

[0082] The loading path of the diaphragm assembly and the lens assembly is completely independent in space, realizing parallelization of the assembly process. On the production line, the installation of the diaphragm and the installation of the lens group can be regarded as two independent stations without interference, which is beneficial to optimize the assembly process and improve the production efficiency.

[0083] The diaphragm base is directly abutted with the first limiting step and the second limiting step on the inner lens barrel at the axial two ends to complete the axial positioning. Compared with the docking mode of the segmented lens barrel, this integrated limiting structure provides higher axial positioning accuracy and structural rigidity, ensures that the diaphragm plane can be stably positioned on the preset optical plane, and thus guarantees the continuous and stable imaging quality of the industrial lens.

[0084] In general, the core advantage of the present application is to solve the long-term pain points of industrial lenses in terms of structural complexity, manufacturing cost, assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience through the modular design of path separation, and to provide a core technical foundation for realizing more compact, reliable and easy-to-maintain industrial lens products.

[0085] The application field of the industrial lens is extremely wide, which can replace or enhance the deficiencies of the human eye in speed, accuracy, reliability and environmental adaptability, and realize automatic and intelligent recognition, analysis, measurement and control.

[0086] According to another embodiment of the present application, an assembly method of an optical lens is provided, which comprises the following steps: An inner lens barrel 1 is provided, and the barrel wall of the inner lens barrel 1 is provided with a lateral slot 11 which is radially through and has a circumferential opening angle ≥180°, and the axial two ends of the lateral slot 11 respectively form a first limiting step 12 and a second limiting step 13; The diaphragm assembly 2 is integrally loaded into the lateral slot 11 along the radial direction until the axial two ends of the diaphragm base 21 are respectively abutted with the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13 to complete the axial limiting; The diaphragm assembly 2 after completing the axial limiting is detachably fixed to the inner lens barrel 1; At least one group of lenses and a spacer ring are loaded from the axial end of the inner lens barrel 1; Wherein, the radial loading path of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the axial loading path of the lens and the spacer ring are independent in space, so that the lens and the spacer ring do not need to be disassembled when the diaphragm assembly 2 is maintained.

[0087] The assembly method described in the present embodiment changes the traditional optical lens which must be assembled in series according to the optical sequence, and instead adopts a parallel and modular assembly strategy. The method completely separates the assembly paths of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the lens assembly in physical space and operation sequence.

[0088] A special inner lens barrel 1 is provided in the present application, which has been pre-processed to realize the basic structure of the present application, i.e. the lateral slot 11 with a circumferential opening ≥180° and the two limiting steps (the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13) formed at both ends thereof.

[0089] The assembled and fully functional diaphragm assembly 2 is radially loaded into the lateral slot 11. The end point of this step is defined by the mechanical structure: when the axial ends of the diaphragm base 21 simultaneously abut against the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13, it is considered that the diaphragm assembly 2 has realized accurate positioning in the optical axis direction. This is a self-positioning process without complex adjustment.

[0090] The diaphragm assembly 2 that has completed axial positioning is detachably fixed. This step can be realized by installing the diaphragm fixing frame 3 and locking the fastener 4 to the inner lens barrel according to the specific design, or directly locking the fastener 4 through the inner lens barrel 1 into the diaphragm base 21. This step ensures the stability of the diaphragm assembly 2 in subsequent use.

[0091] After the diaphragm assembly 2 is independently installed and fixed, at least one set of lenses and spacers are axially loaded from the end of the inner lens barrel (such as the front port or the rear port) in the traditional way. This step is completely independent of the assembly of the diaphragm assembly in space.

[0092] The design scheme of the optical lens provided by the embodiments of the present application constructs a structure in which the radial loading of the diaphragm assembly 2 and the axial loading of the lens assembly are completely separated in structure and path, by opening the lateral slot 11 with a circumferential opening angle ≥180° on the side wall of the inner lens barrel 1, and directly abutting the first limiting step 12 and the second limiting step 13 at both ends of the lateral slot 11 against the diaphragm base 21. This design makes the diaphragm assembly 2 become an independently operable module, realizes its rapid assembly and disassembly and maintenance without affecting any lens and spacer, fundamentally avoids the pollution, scratches and broken pieces caused by repeated disassembly and assembly of optical elements, and improves the efficiency and safety of maintenance operation.

[0093] The specific implementation of the lens assembly method provided by the embodiments of the present application can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments of the optical lens, and therefore at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the focus is on the differences between the various embodiments, and the different optimization features between the various embodiments can be combined to form a more optimal embodiment as long as they are not contradictory. Considering the brevity of the writing, it will not be repeated here.

[0095] While certain embodiments of the application have been described herein in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, include: The endoscope tube (1) has a radially penetrating and axially extending lateral slot (11) on its tube wall. The lateral slot (11) has an opening angle ≥180° in the circumferential direction and forms a first limiting step (12) and a second limiting step (13) at its two axial ends, respectively. An aperture assembly (2) includes an aperture base (21), the aperture assembly (2) being configured to be integrally inserted into or removed from the endoscope tube (1) radially through the lateral slot (11), the axial ends of the aperture base (21) directly abutting against the first limiting step (12) and the second limiting step (13) respectively, to achieve axially detachable positioning; and, At least one set of lenses (6) and spacers (7) are configured to be inserted into or removed axially from the end of the endoscope tube (1); The radial mounting path of the aperture assembly (2) is independent of the axial mounting path of the lens and spacer, so that the lens and spacer do not need to be disassembled when maintaining the aperture assembly (2).

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture assembly (2) includes: An aperture drive ring is rotatably mounted on the aperture base (21). Multiple blades (22) are disposed on the aperture base (21) and form a light-transmitting aperture of variable diameter; the multiple blades (22) are drivenly connected to the aperture drive ring; and, The aperture adjustment rod (23) is connected to the aperture drive ring and extends radially outward; The side slot (11) has a notch (14) at one end of the slot wall, and the notch (14) provides circumferential rotation space for the aperture adjustment rod (23).

3. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens also includes an aperture holder (3) whose outline is adapted to the lateral slot (11) and is detachably connected to the endoscope tube (1) to cover the lateral slot (11) for pressing and fixing the aperture assembly (2) into the endoscope tube (1) from the radial outside.

4. The optical lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, An anti-rotation structure (5) is provided between the aperture fixing frame (3) and the aperture base (21) to prevent the aperture assembly (2) from rotating around the optical axis.

5. The optical lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anti-rotation structure (5) includes a protrusion (51) and a groove (52) that engages with the protrusion (51). One of the protrusion (51) and the groove (52) is located on the inner sidewall of the aperture fixing frame (3) facing the endoscope tube (1), and the other is located on the outer periphery of the aperture base (21) of the aperture assembly (2).

6. The optical lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the aperture fixing frame (3) is provided with a fixing step (32) extending in the circumferential direction; when the aperture fixing frame (3) is installed on the endoscope tube (1) and covers the lateral slot (11), the fixing step (32) and the second limiting step (13) are spliced ​​together to form an annular step, and the annular step cooperates with the first limiting step (12) to clamp and fix the aperture base (21) on both sides of the axial direction.

7. The optical lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aperture holder (3) is connected to the endoscope tube (1) by fasteners (4).

8. The optical lens according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aperture fixing frame (3) is provided with a first mounting hole (31), and the endoscope tube (1) is provided with a first threaded hole (15) corresponding to the first mounting hole (31). The fastener (4) passes through the first mounting hole (31) and connects to the first threaded hole (15) to press and fix the aperture fixing frame (3) to the endoscope tube (1).

9. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The aperture assembly (2) is directly connected to the endoscope tube (1) via fasteners (4).

10. The optical lens according to claim 9, characterized in that, The endoscope tube (1) is provided with a second mounting hole (16), and the aperture base (21) of the aperture assembly (2) is provided with a corresponding second threaded hole (24). When the aperture base (21) abuts against the first limiting step (12) and the second limiting step (13), the second mounting hole (16) aligns with the second threaded hole (24), and the fastener (4) passes through the second mounting hole (16) and connects with the second threaded hole (24) to directly fix the aperture assembly (2) to the endoscope tube (1).

11. A method for assembling an optical lens, characterized in that, include: An endoscope tube (1) is provided, wherein the tube wall of the endoscope tube (1) is provided with a radially penetrating lateral groove (11) with a circumferential opening angle ≥180°, and the two ends of the lateral groove (11) respectively form a first limiting step (12) and a second limiting step (13). The aperture assembly (2) is inserted radially into the lateral slot (11) until the two ends of the aperture base (21) abut against the first limiting step (12) and the second limiting step (13) respectively to complete the axial limiting. The aperture assembly (2) after axial positioning is completed is detachably fixed to the endoscope tube (1); At least one set of lenses and spacers are inserted from the axial end of the endoscope tube (1); The radial mounting path of the aperture assembly (2) is spatially independent from the axial mounting path of the lens and spacer, so that the lens and spacer do not need to be disassembled when maintaining the aperture assembly (2).

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