Device and method for noninvasive transportation and field efficient release of predatory natural enemy insects in family of flower bugs

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for harmless transportation and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the flower bug family. The device comprises a bottle-shaped container (1), a lower bottom wafer (4), a sunshade wafer (9), a connecting rod (7), an upper cover wafer (8) and a limiting piece (5). And the like. The device is used for noninvasive transportation and efficient field release of the Oridae insects, can improve the transportation survival rate, the effective insect quantity at the initial release stage and the release rate, reduce the transportation death rate, save the labor cost, integrate multiple functions, improve the biological control effect and reduce the use of pesticides, and is simple in structure, low in cost, reusable and compatible with an existing production system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of rearing and application of natural enemy insects, in particular to the technical field of a device and method for non-injury transportation and high-efficiency release in the field of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Anthocoridae. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the control of small pests such as thrips and whiteflies, environmentally friendly control methods have always been the method that researchers generally seek. Among them, biological control is considered to be a relatively potential control measure. Orius similis Orius similis Orius similis belongs to the family Anthocoridae of Hemiptera and is an important predatory natural enemy insect, which has strong predatory ability on thrips, aphids and other small pests. It is widely distributed throughout the country and is one of the dominant predatory natural enemy groups in farmland in southern China.

[0003] At present, directly purchasing Orius similis eggs or nymphs for field release has become a common way of biological control, but the current release method has many obvious defects: manual egg spreading has low survival rate, long cycle and cannot be accurately implemented, egg spreading or shaking out of nymphs is inefficient, density is difficult to control and mechanical damage to the nymphs is easy to occur, and the operation personnel frequently contact the insects, resulting in poor experience; the release process is greatly affected by wind and light, resulting in uneven distribution; other release devices (ordinary glass jars, culture dishes, etc.) cannot simultaneously consider rearing, transportation and high-efficiency release, and the containers are easily shaken or stimulated by light, which easily causes the natural enemies to be frightened and mechanically damaged; in addition, researchers found that when using Orius similis to control tomato leaf miners, the release area is often scattered, which consumes a lot of manpower and time, and lacks a simple and practical device and method for transportation and high-efficiency release, making it difficult to quickly release Orius similis to the target plants to control pests; and when the external conditions are not suitable, simple release will greatly reduce the survival rate of Orius similis, and there is a lack of places for temporary survival. These problems seriously restrict the release efficiency and control effect of large-scale application of Orius similis, and there is a lack of a device and method specially adapted to the behavior and habit of Orius similis (such as liking to hide and climb).

[0004] Therefore, the prior art still lacks a special device and method which is suitable for long-distance non-injury transportation of Orius similis, rapid suspension in the field for continuous high-efficiency release, and simultaneously meets the rearing and temporary habitat requirements. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application is exactly to solve the above-mentioned problems and defects, and provides a device and method for non-injury transportation and high-efficiency release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Anthocoridae.

[0006] The present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A device for transporting Orius sauteri without injury and releasing it efficiently in the field, the device comprises: a bottle-shaped container 1, which is provided with an opening only in the upper part; a lower bottom disc 4, which is horizontally arranged inside the bottle-shaped container 1, close to or in contact with the bottom of the bottle-shaped container 1, for carrying Orius sauteri and its feed; a sun-shading disc 9, which is horizontally arranged outside the opening of the bottle-shaped container 1, for shading and preventing rain; a connecting rod 7, which is vertically arranged between the lower bottom disc 4 and the sun-shading disc 9 and is fixedly connected therewith; an upper cover disc 8, which is horizontally fixedly arranged on the connecting rod 7, between the lower bottom disc 4 and the sun-shading disc 9, for selectively closing the opening of the bottle-shaped container 1; a limiting piece 5, which is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container 1, for limiting the upward position of the upper cover disc 8; The distance H1 between the upper cover disc 8 and the limiting piece 5 is less than or equal to the distance H2 between the lower bottom disc 4 and the bottom of the bottle-shaped container 1, so that the device forms a closed space in the transportation state and forms a three-dimensional communication space for Orius sauteri to rest, feed and climb out in the field suspension state, thereby reducing the mechanical damage of Orius sauteri during transportation and improving the release efficiency and survival rate after release.

[0008] Further, the connecting rod 7 is a screw rod, and through holes are arranged on the lower bottom disc 4, the sun-shading disc 9 and the upper cover disc 8, and threads are arranged on the inner walls of the through holes, and the connecting rod 7 is connected with the lower bottom disc 4, the sun-shading disc 9 and the upper cover disc 8 by being screwed into the threads.

[0009] Further, the limiting piece 5 is a blocking ring, which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container 1 by fixing glue. The blocking ring has the advantages of better supporting force and better durability when the device is hung open. However, it has the disadvantage that the lower bottom disc needs to be carefully contacted with the lower part of the blocking ring when it is opened to avoid squeezing the Orius sauteri.

[0010] Further, the limiting piece 5 is a limiting block, which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container 1 by fixing glue. The design of the limiting block overcomes the risk of squeezing mentioned above, but better fixing materials, such as strong glue, need to be used to enhance the supporting force.

[0011] Further, the bottle-shaped container 1 of the present application is provided with a ventilation hole 2 on the side wall, and a ventilation net 3 is fixedly arranged outside the ventilation hole 2. The diameter of each ventilation hole is 2 mm, and the ventilation net can be made of ventilation adhesive tape to ensure sufficient oxygen in the device.

[0012] Further, the present application is provided with a climbing net 6 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container 1 upward to the opening of the bottle-shaped container 1. The climbing net can be fixed by using strong glue.

[0013] Further, the present application includes an upper top ring 10 fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting rod 7. If there are branches, hooks or other objects that can be hung at the destination, the upper top ring can be directly used for hanging.

[0014] Further, the device of the present application includes a steel wire rope 11, a rope locking device 12 and a hook 13. The steel wire rope 11 is connected to the rope locking device 12 after passing through the upper top ring 10, and the hook 13 is fixedly arranged on the rope locking device 12. If there are no objects that can be hung at the destination, the hook can be used with a rope for hanging.

[0015] The method for green prevention and control of agricultural pests using any of the above devices comprises the following steps: Step 1) Put some eggs of leaf-roller and wheat husks on the lower bottom disc 4 at the bottom to provide food and habitat for the south flower beetle; Step 2) When the device is in an open state, place the south flower beetle on the lower bottom disc 4 and then close the device to form a closed space for transportation; Step 3) Transport the device to the target crop field containing thrips, leaf-roller or aphid and other small pests; Step 4) Hang the device near the canopy of the target crop (tomato, eggplant and other melon and vegetable crops) in an open state, so that the south flower beetle actively climbs out through the climbing net 6 and feeds on the pests in the field, achieving green prevention and control of the target pests (leaf-roller, thrips, aphid, etc.).

[0016] Further, according to the volume of a single bottle-shaped container with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 15 cm, the amount of leaf-roller eggs placed on the lower bottom disc 4 is 50-100, ensuring that each south flower beetle has sufficient food; the amount of wheat husks is 50-200, ensuring that each south flower beetle has a place to live; and the amount of south flower beetles placed is 30-50, which is the most appropriate number after repeated experiments.

[0017] The device of the present application can be made of transparent acrylic material, which can ensure strength while taking into account the observation function, so that the activity and survival of the south flower beetle in the device can be observed at any time.

[0018] The hook end of the hook of the present application is hung on the branch of the target crop, the other end is connected with the ring at the top end of the screw, and the distance between the hook and the container can be adjusted through the lock rope device on the hook to ensure that the whole device is hung at the desired position.

[0019] The circular shape of the device of the present application can be changed to other similar shapes.

[0020] The predatory enemy insect of the flower bug family in the present application is Orius similis Zheng (Orius similis Zheng) Orius similis ).

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are that a device and method for transporting the predatory enemy insect of the flower bug family without injury and efficiently releasing in the field can bring significant beneficial effects to researchers. After transporting 1000 km using the device of the present application, the survival rate of the device is increased by about 4% and 8% compared with transparent plastic tanks and culture dishes, respectively; after releasing in the field for 3 days and 7 days, the survival amount of O. similis released by the device is significantly higher than that of the control device; in the release rate test of 24 h and 48 h, the release rate of the device is increased by about 8%-13% and 20%-30%, respectively. The death caused by long-distance transportation stress is greatly reduced; the effective insect population at the initial release stage is increased, ensuring the “suppression window” of pests; the time of release operation is shortened, and the labor cost is saved; a unified standard device is provided for the production of large-scale enemy insect products (O. similis) by enterprises. In terms of production, in the face of the situation of releasing O. similis in a large area and the release area being scattered, the device and method integrate the functions of feeding, transportation and release, which are simple and practical, and can greatly save manpower and material resources. At the same time, it can effectively improve the release rate and survival rate of O. similis, help to control pests in time, and effectively improve the biological control effect. In terms of green control, by improving the population establishment speed of O. similis in the field, the number of chemical pesticide applications and the amount of pesticide application can be reduced; the damage of pests such as thrips, leaf miners and whiteflies on tomatoes, eggplants and other vegetables can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of pesticide residues. In terms of economy and transformation, the device structure is simple, and transparent plastic or acrylic can be produced, with low individual cost; it can be reused, which is convenient for cleaning and disinfection, and is suitable for batch preparation and commercialization by enterprises; it is compatible with the existing factory production system of enemy insects, and can be used as a standard packaging and field release unit for “O. similis commodity insects”.

[0022] The present application will be further explained in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The survival amount of O. similis after three days of release; Figure 2 The structure diagram of the present application in the open state (the limiting part is a blocking ring). Figure 3 The structure diagram of the closed state of the application (the limiting part is a blocking ring); Figure 4 The structure diagram of the open state of the application (the limiting part is a limiting block); Figure 5 The structure diagram of the closed state of the application (the limiting part is a limiting block); Figure 6 The product photo of the device of the application; Figure 7 The device in the field in the suspended release state of the application; Figure 8 The close-up of the southern small flower bug in the device during transportation of the application.

[0024] The figure shows that: 1-bottle-shaped container, 2-air hole, 3-air mesh, 4-lower bottom disc, 5-limiting part, 6-climbing net, 7-screw rod, 8-upper cover disc, 9-sunshade disc, 10-upper top ring, 11-steel wire rope, 12-rope locking device, 13-hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following examples are only a part of the technical solutions of the application, and are not a limitation on the whole technical solutions of the application. The examples of the application are provided to further explain and illustrate the details of the technical solutions of the application.

[0026] The example of the application: a device and method for the non-injury transportation and high-efficiency release of predatory insect enemies of flower bugs, comprising a bottle-shaped container 1, a lower bottom disc 4, a limiting part 5 (blocking ring / limiting block), a screw rod 7, an upper cover disc 8, a sunshade disc 9, and a hook 13. There are 10 air holes 2 on one side of the bottle-shaped container 1, and an air mesh 3 is pasted on the air holes. The lower bottom disc 4, the upper cover disc 8, the sunshade disc 9, and the upper top ring 10 are combined on the screw rod 7 through threads. The steel wire rope 11 of the hook 13 is connected with the upper top ring 10.

[0027] During the test, a bottle-shaped container 1 with a radius of 5 cm and a height of 15 cm is first selected. Ten air holes 2 with a diameter of 2 mm are drilled on one side of the bottle-shaped container 1. A square air mesh 3 with a side length of 30 mm is pasted on the air holes 2 with strong glue, so that there is sufficient oxygen in the device, but the southern small flower bug cannot escape.

[0028] The lower bottom disc 4, the upper cover disc 8, the sunshade disc 9 and the upper top circular ring 10 are rotated into the screw rod 7 for assembly, and then the upper top circular ring 10 and the steel wire rope 11 of the hook 13 are connected to form a lifting device. The lower bottom disc 4 is located at the lowermost position of the screw rod 7, the upper cover disc 8 is 10 cm away from the lower bottom disc 4, and the sunshade disc 9 is located 3 cm above the upper cover disc 8. When the device is in a closed state, the lower bottom disc 4 touches the bottom, and the upper cover disc 8 just covers the opening of the bottle-shaped container 1, so that the southern flower beetle cannot escape during transportation.

[0029] The lifting device is placed in the bottle-shaped container 1, then a limiting piece 5 (blocking ring / limiting block) parallel to the ground is placed at a distance of 5 cm from the bottle opening 5 of the bottle-shaped container 1, and the limiting piece 5 is adhered to the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container 1 with glue.

[0030] The climbing net 6 is placed between the limiting piece 5 (blocking ring / limiting block) and the bottle opening, and is adhered with strong glue.

[0031] At this time, the whole southern flower beetle release device is processed and can enter the experiment: First step, 50-200 particles of wheat shell and 50-100 eggs of leaf roller are put into the bottle-shaped container 1 as the activity place of the southern flower beetle and the food source when the conditions are not allowed; Second step, 30-50 southern flower beetles are put into the bottle-shaped container 1 through the upper lifting hook 13 with a suction tube tool, then the device is closed to prevent the southern flower beetle from escaping; Third step, keep the release device in a closed state, then transport the release device to the target crop land, and hang the release device on the target crop through the hook 13, so that the release device is in an open state, and the southern flower beetle slowly climbs out through the climbing net 6 to search for target pests.

[0032] The present application and the conventional southern flower beetle test device are respectively subjected to transportation survival rate, release survival rate and release rate tests.

[0033] Transportation survival rate test: Under the same temperature-humidity-shock conditions, 300 southern flower beetles (50 in each device, a total of 6 devices) are respectively put into the present application, a transparent glass jar and a culture dish, and then sequentially put into the trunk of a car, the transportation distance is 1000 km, and the total transportation time is 1 day. After arrival, the number of surviving southern flower beetles is counted, and the number of dead southern flower beetles is counted by gently touching the southern flower beetles without reaction. The test is repeated for 5 groups.

[0034] Table 1 Survival number of southern flower beetles transported by different devices

[0035] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. The same lower case letters indicate no significant difference, and different letters indicate significant difference. The significance of difference was calculated using SPSS 27.

[0036] The survival number of southern small flower bugs transported by different devices is shown in Table 1.

[0037] Under the same temperature-humidity-shaking conditions, the survival number of southern small flower bugs transported by the device of the application is significantly higher than that of the transparent glass jar and the petri dish (F 2,12 =81.320, P<0.001), and the average survival number of the device of the application is 291, which is significantly higher than that of other devices (Table 1).

[0038] B, survival rate test after release: Under the same environmental conditions, 300 southern small flower bugs were placed in the device of the application, the transparent glass jar and the petri dish respectively (50 in each device, a total of 6 devices), and released in the same three test fields. After three days, 5 points were sampled in each test field, 4 eggplants were taken from each point, a total of 20 eggplants; the plants were counted on a white plate, combined with yellow moth board trapping correction, and the residual number was estimated, and 3 groups were repeated.

[0039] Table 2 Survival number of southern small flower bugs after release by different devices

[0040] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. The same lower case letters indicate no significant difference, and different letters indicate significant difference. The significance of difference was calculated using SPSS 27.

[0041] The survival number of southern small flower bugs after release by different devices is shown in Table 2.

[0042] After three days of releasing southern small flower bugs in the field, the petri dish had the least survival number, and the device of the application had the most survival number of 169.56 (F 2,6 =183.551, P<0.01), which was significantly higher than that of other devices (Table 2).

[0043] C, release rate test Under the same environmental conditions, 300 southern small flower bugs were placed in the device of the application, the transparent glass jar and the petri dish respectively (50 in each device, a total of 6 devices), and placed according to the random block design. After 24h and 48h of release, the remaining number of southern small flower bugs in each device was observed to calculate the release number, and 3 groups were repeated.

[0044] Table 3 Release rate of different devices

[0045] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. The same lower case letter indicates no significant difference, and different indicates significant difference. The significant difference was calculated by SPSS 27.

[0046] The release rate of O. undata in different devices is shown in Table 3.

[0047] Under the same external conditions, the release rate of O. undata in the field after 24 h of the device was significantly higher than that of the transparent glass jar and the culture dish (F 2,6 = 236.422, P < 0.01), and the release rate of the device after 24 h was 39.89%, which was significantly higher than that of the other devices. The release rate of the device after 48 h was 74.89% (F 2,6 = 490.657, P < 0.01), which was also significantly higher than that of the transparent glass jar and the culture dish (Table 3).

[0048] The above only describes some specific embodiments of the present application (since the present application contains numerical ranges, the embodiments cannot be exhausted, and the protection scope recorded in the present application includes the numerical range and other technical key points of the present application), and the specific content or common sense in the scheme is not described too much here (including but not limited to abbreviations, abbreviations, and units commonly used in the art). It should be pointed out that the above examples do not limit the present application in any way, and for those skilled in the art, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope claimed in the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like recorded in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for the harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae, characterized in that, The device includes: A bottle-shaped container (1) having an opening only at the top; The bottom circular piece (4) is horizontally positioned inside the bottle-shaped container (1), close to or in close contact with the bottom of the bottle-shaped container (1); A sunshade disc (9) is horizontally positioned outside the opening of the bottle-shaped container (1) for shading and rain protection; A connecting rod (7) is vertically disposed between the lower bottom circular piece (4) and the sunshade circular piece (9), and is fixedly connected to them respectively; The upper cover disc (8) is horizontally fixed on the connecting rod (7) and located between the lower bottom disc (4) and the sunshade disc (9), and is used to selectively close the opening of the bottle-shaped container (1); The limiting member (5) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container (1) to limit the upward movement of the upper cover disc (8); The distance H1 between the upper cover disc (8) and the limiting member (5) is less than or equal to the distance H2 between the lower bottom disc (4) and the bottom of the bottle-shaped container (1), so that the device forms a closed space in the transport state.

2. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (7) is a screw rod. The bottom circular plate (4), the sunshade circular plate (9), and the top cover circular plate (8) are respectively provided with through holes. The inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads. The connecting rod (7) is connected to the bottom circular plate (4), the sunshade circular plate (9), and the top cover circular plate (8) by screwing into the threads on the bottom circular plate (4), the sunshade circular plate (9), and the top cover circular plate (8).

3. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (5) is a blocking ring, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container (1) by a fixing adhesive.

4. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (5) is a limiting block, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container (1) by a fixing adhesive.

5. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottle-shaped container (1) has a ventilation hole (2) on its side wall, and a ventilation mesh (3) is fixedly installed outside the ventilation hole (2).

6. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member (5) is fixedly provided with a climbing net (6) on the inner wall of the bottle-shaped container (1) from the opening of the bottle-shaped container (1).

7. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes an upper ring (10) which is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting rod (7).

8. The device for harmless transport and efficient field release of predatory natural enemy insects of the family Agniidae as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The device includes a wire rope (11), a rope lock (12), and a hook (13); the wire rope (11) passes through the top ring (10) and is connected to the rope lock (12); the hook (13) is fixedly mounted on the rope lock (12).

9. A method for green control of agricultural pests using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1) Place some leaf miner eggs and wheat husks on the bottom circular plate (4) for the southern flower bug to feed on and inhabit; Step 2) When the device is in the open state, place the Southern Flower Bug on the bottom circular piece (4) and then close the device to form a closed space for transportation; Step 3) Transport the device to the target crop field containing small pests such as thrips, leaf miners, or whiteflies; Step 4) Hang the device near the canopy of the target crop and keep it in the open state so that the southern flower bug can actively climb out through the climbing net (6) and prey on the field pests, thereby achieving green control of the target pests.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Based on the volume of a bottle-shaped container (1) with a diameter of 10cm and a height of 15cm, the number of leaf miner eggs placed on the bottom circular plate (4) is 50-100, the number of wheat husks is 50-200, and the number of southern flower bugs placed is 30-50.

Images