Osteochondral transplantation device and transplantation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to medical instruments, in particular to an osteochondral transplantation device and a transplantation method thereof. A first blade part structure is arranged on a first positioning part in the positioning assembly; the whole osteotomy assembly is of a hollow rod-shaped structure, two or more axial gaps are evenly distributed in an osteotomy part, the outer diameter of the osteotomy part is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part, the outer diameter of a main rod body of the osteotomy assembly is smaller than the outer diameter of the first positioning part, and the length of a third outwards-expanded straight blade is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the length of the axial gaps; the inner aperture of the bone taking part is smaller than that of other parts; the inner aperture of the bone taking part is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part; an arc where the outer surface of the peripheral positioning clamp of the transplantation assembly is located is equal to the outer diameter of the main rod body of the transplantation assembly; the inner diameter of the transplantation assembly is larger than that of the bone taking assembly; the osteotomy assembly performs osteotomy operation; the residual cutting assembly carries out residual cutting treatment; the bone taking assembly is used for taking new bone cartilage; and the bone cartilage to be transplanted is placed in the inner hole of the transplanting assembly. The method is high in transplantation success rate, short in operation time and beneficial to health recovery of patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to medical devices, and in particular to an osteocartilage transplantation device and its transplantation method. Background Technology

[0002] Among the existing osteocartilage grafting devices, according to the content disclosed in the authorization announcement number CN203379191U, the socket 4 can be inserted into the knife handle with different structures, but the replacement is also troublesome. In addition, if the socket and the knife handle are all round hole structures and do not adopt a spline groove structure, rotation will occur, resulting in poor operation and practicality during bone harvesting, and the bone harvesting is not ideal.

[0003] Another document retrieved, authorized publication number CN 203328771 U, discloses content that is only applicable to total hip arthroplasty; thus, it has the drawback of having a narrow scope of application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple and easy-to-operate osteocartilage transplantation device and its transplantation method.

[0005] The osteocartilage transplantation device of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An osteocartilage transplantation device includes a positioning component, an osteotomy component, a resection component, a bone harvesting component, a transplantation component, and an implantation component, each having a rod-shaped structure. The front end of the positioning component is the first positioning part, and the first positioning part is provided with a first cutting edge structure; The osteotomy assembly is a hollow rod-shaped structure with an osteotomy section at the front end. A second cutting edge structure is provided on the osteotomy section. Two or more axial slits are evenly distributed on the osteotomy section. The outer diameter of the osteotomy section is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning section. A second longitudinal cutting edge is provided on the inner diameter of the osteotomy section. The cutting component has a hollow rod-shaped structure. The outer diameter of the main rod of the cutting component is smaller than the outer diameter of the first positioning part. Its front end is the cutting part, and a longitudinal third outwardly expanding straight blade is provided on the cutting part. The outer diameter of the arc where the third outwardly expanding straight blade is located is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part. The length of the third outwardly expanding straight blade is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the axial gap length. The bone harvesting component has a hollow rod-shaped structure, with the front end being the bone harvesting part. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting component has a stepped structure, and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is provided with a longitudinal fourth blade structure. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is smaller than the inner diameter of the rest of the part; the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part. The transplant component has a hollow rod-shaped structure with a guide section at its front end. The guide section includes evenly distributed circumferential positioning cards and axial limiting supports. The arc on the outer surface of the circumferential positioning card is equal to the outer diameter of the main rod of the transplant component. The axial limiting supports are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the main rod and are set parallel to the upper end face of the rear end of the main rod. The inner diameter of the transplant component is larger than the inner diameter of the bone harvesting component. The implant component has a sixth striking part at its front end and a sixth positioning part in its middle. The distance between the bottom end face of the sixth striking part and the lower surface of the sixth positioning part is equal to the distance between the upper end face of the rear end of the main rod in the transplant component and the lower surface of the axial limiting support. The outer diameter of the main rod of the implant component is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part of the bone harvesting component.

[0006] The preferred design for the osteochondral graft device is as follows: The length of the second longitudinal blade is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the axial gap length.

[0007] The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge and a fourth end cutting edge. The fourth longitudinal cutting edge has a sheet-like structure and is arranged along the axial direction of the bone harvesting assembly, and has a structure that gradually narrows from the front end of the bone harvesting part to the rear end of the bone harvesting part.

[0008] The bone harvesting section has a fourth cutting edge structure on its inner diameter. The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge and a fourth end cutting edge. The fourth longitudinal cutting edges are evenly distributed on the inner diameter of the thickened inner layer of the bone harvesting section. A through groove structure is provided between adjacent fourth longitudinal cutting edges. The thickness of the fourth longitudinal cutting edge is less than the wall thickness of the rear main rod of the bone harvesting assembly.

[0009] The first positioning part in the positioning assembly has a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter of 12 mm, an inner diameter a of 11 mm, an inner wall depth of 5 mm, and an outer wall height of 10 mm. The outer wall is marked with graduations. The outer wall of the first positioning part is connected to the second solid rod through the second transition connecting part. The other end of the second solid rod is connected to the first striking part through the first transition connecting part. The length of the second solid rod is 45 mm. The diameter of the first striking part is equal to the outer diameter of the first cutting edge structure. The cutting edge of the first cutting edge structure has a slightly tapered structure that gradually narrows from the outer wall to the inner wall.

[0010] The osteotomy assembly has two or three axial slits evenly distributed. The front end of the rod between each pair of two or three axial slits is a second cutting edge structure. The second cutting edge structure is arc-shaped. The cutting edge of the second cutting edge structure is a sharp structure that is reduced from the outer radial direction to the inner wall of the rod. The plane where the cutting edge is located forms an angle of 45-60 degrees with the axis of the rod.

[0011] Each axial slot can be of equal or non-equal width. The tail end of the axial slot with equal width is connected to the circular hole structure; the axial slot with non-equal width gradually decreases in size from the tail end to the head end.

[0012] The cut portion is also provided with a third arc-shaped blade. The upper end of the third outward-expanding straight blade is connected to the beginning of the third arc-shaped blade through an arc-shaped hole structure. The third outward-expanding straight blade is evenly distributed in the same direction in the circumferential direction of the cut portion in two places, and the end of each third arc-shaped blade coincides with the lower end of the other third outward-expanding straight blade.

[0013] The tail end of the implanted component is provided with a sixth tapping part, which is arranged parallel to the sixth positioning part.

[0014] The procedure for transplanting osteochondral grafts is as follows: S1. At the site where the diseased bone needs to be removed, a positioning hole is drilled using a positioning component to form a positioning ring. The depth should be less than the depth of the lesion and extend beyond the subchondral bone. S2. The osteotomy component performs osteotomy on the aforementioned positioning ring: the second blade structure is directly inserted into the positioning ring, and after slowly tapping to the predetermined depth, the osteotomy component is rotated to perform osteotomy, the patient's bone is cut off and removed to form a bone channel to be filled, and then the depth is measured with a depth measuring component. S3. The cutting component performs excess cutting in the hole to be filled: the third cutting edge structure is screwed into the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward straight edge. After the front end of the cutting edge touches the bottom of the bone channel, the cutting edge is then cut and rotated in the opposite direction of the aforementioned screwing in. After the excess is removed in place, the third cutting edge structure is then screwed out from the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward straight edge. S4. The bone harvesting component harvests new bone cartilage from the prepared site: First, insert the fourth blade of the front bone harvesting part directly into the site where new bone cartilage is to be harvested, and tap slowly to reach the predetermined depth. The predetermined depth should be greater than the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. After rotating the entire bone harvesting component, pull it out to remove the cartilage to be transplanted from the prepared bone harvesting site. By tapping slowly, the cartilage to be transplanted is removed from the inner hole at the rear end of the bone harvesting component. S5. Transplantation: First, trim the length of the transplanted osteocartilage to the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. Then, place the circumferential positioning card of the transplantation component at the inner edge of the bone channel to be filled and place the osteocartilage to be transplanted into the inner hole of the transplantation component. S6. Implantation: Insert the implantation component into the inner hole of the transplantation component, and slowly tap to implant the cartilage to be transplanted into the bone channel to be filled. When the lower surface of the sixth positioning part is in complete contact with the rear end of the main rod in the transplantation component, that is, when the upper end of the cartilage to be transplanted is flush with the upper end of the bone channel, it is considered that it has been successfully implanted into the bone channel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, which adopts the above-mentioned transplantation device and transplantation method, is convenient and flexible to use. The positioning component facilitates positioning operations, and the axial gap and arc-shaped second blade structure in the osteotomy component facilitate the smooth entry of the osteotomy part into the patient's bone. The third outwardly expanding straight blade in the resection component can make the upper wall of the bone passage to be filled slightly narrow, forming an interference state, which allows the new bone to grow faster in the bone passage after transplantation. The present invention has a high transplantation success rate, short operation time, and is conducive to the patient's recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punching and positioning component of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the drilling and positioning component.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the main view of the osteotomy component.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the osteotomy assembly.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional view of the osteotomy assembly.

[0021] Figure 6 This is the main view of the cut-off amount component.

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 View A in the diagram.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a front view of embodiment 1 of the bone harvesting component.

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 View B.

[0025] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of part I in the image.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ported component.

[0027] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Top view.

[0028] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 The C-direction view in the image.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the implanted component.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the bone harvesting component.

[0031] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The D-direction view.

[0032] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Enlarged view of Part II.

[0033] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the depth sounding component.

[0034] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 Top view.

[0035] Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of the striking component. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0038] In this specification, the names of the second solid rod 104, the second hollow rod 202, the third hollow rod 302, and the fourth hollow rod 402 are based on their component serial numbers and do not imply that "first" comes first and "second" comes later, nor do they convey the meaning of "second solid rod, second hollow rod, but no first solid rod".

[0039] Figure 1-19 In the middle: positioning component 1, first positioning part 101, first blade structure 1011, first striking part 102, first transition connection part 103, second solid rod 104, second transition connection part 105, inner diameter a; Osteotomy component 2, second handle 201, second hollow rod 202, round hole structure 203, axial gap 204, second blade structure 205, blade end 2051, osteotomy part 206, second longitudinal blade 207; Cutting component 3, third handle 301, third hollow rod 302, arc-shaped hole structure 303, third arc-shaped blade 304, third outwardly expanding straight blade 305, third transverse blade 306, cutting part 307; Bone retrieval component 4, fourth handle 401, fourth hollow rod 402, hollow rod inner diameter A2, bone retrieval part 403, fourth longitudinal blade 4031, fourth end blade 4032, bone retrieval part inner diameter A1; Bone-removing component 4′, fourth handle 401′, fourth hollow rod 402′, hollow inner diameter A2′, bone-removing part 403′, fourth end blade 4032′, thickened inner layer 404′, fourth longitudinal cutting blade 4041′, through groove structure 4042′, bone-removing part inner diameter A1′; Transplantation component 5, circumferential positioning card 501, axial limiting support 502, arc groove structure 503; Implanted component 6, sixth striking part 601, sixth transition connection part 602, sixth solid rod 603, sixth positioning part 604, sixth grip part 605; Depth sounding component 7, seventh handle 701, depth sounding part 702; The striking component 8, the eighth striking part 801, the eighth solid rod 802, the eighth transition connection part 803, and the eighth striking part 804. Example 1:

[0040] In this embodiment, an osteocartilage transplantation device comprises a positioning component 1, an osteotomy component 2, a resection component 3, a bone harvesting component 4, a transplantation component 5, an implantation component 6, and a depth measuring component 7, all of which are rod-shaped.

[0041] The positioning component 1 has a first positioning part 101 at the front end and a first striking part 102 at the rear end. The first positioning part 101 is provided with a first blade structure 1011.

[0042] The first positioning part 101 has a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter of 12 mm, an inner diameter a of 11 mm, an inner wall depth of 5 mm, and an outer wall height of 10 mm. The outer wall of the first positioning part 101 is connected to the second solid rod 104 through the second transition connection part 105. The other end of the second solid rod 104 is connected to the first struck part 102 through the first transition connection part 103. The first struck part 102 is a solid rod structure. The second solid rod 104 has a length of 45 mm. The diameter of the first struck part 102 is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. The first cutting edge structure 1011 of the first positioning part 101 has a small inclined surface structure that gradually decreases in diameter from the outer wall to the inner diameter.

[0043] The osteotomy component 2 is a hollow rod-shaped structure with an osteotomy part 206 at the front end and a second handle part 201 at the rear end. The osteotomy part 205 is provided with a second blade structure 205. The osteotomy part 206 has two or more axial slits 204 evenly distributed. The outer diameter of the osteotomy part 206 is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. The inner diameter of the osteotomy part 206 is provided with a second longitudinal blade 207.

[0044] The tail end of each axial slit 204 is connected to the circular hole structure 203. When the front ends of the two axial slits 204 are in a natural state without force, that is, when the width of the axial slits 204 is equal to 1mm along the entire length, the outer diameter of the osteotomy part 206 is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. When the front ends of the two axial slits 204 are in a closed state under force, the outer diameter of the foremost part of the osteotomy part 206 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101.

[0045] The front end of the rod between the two axial gaps 204 is a second cutting edge structure 205. The second cutting edge structure 205 is generally arc-shaped (arc-shaped when viewed from the side). The cutting edge 2051 in the second cutting edge structure 205 is a sharp structure that is reduced from the outer radial direction to the inner wall of the rod. The plane where the cutting edge 2051 is located is at an angle of 45-60 degrees with the axis of the rod. In this embodiment, it is at an angle of 60 degrees. Another preferred angle is 45 degrees. The wall thickness of the osteotomy component 2 is equal to the wall thickness of the first positioning part 101 of the positioning component 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, each axial gap 204 adopts a uniform width structure, and the tail end of the uniform width axial gap 204 is connected to the circular hole structure 203; if a non-uniform width axial gap 204 is adopted, the non-uniform width axial gap 204 gradually decreases from the tail end to the head end.

[0047] The total length of the osteotomy component 2 is 12 cm, the length of each axial slot 204 is 25 mm, or shorter, 10 mm, each through slot 204 is arranged parallel to the axis, and the diameter of the circular hole structure is 5 mm.

[0048] The cutting component 3 has a hollow rod-shaped structure. The outer diameter of the main rod (third hollow rod 302) of the cutting component 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. Its front end is the cutting part 307. The cutting part 307 is provided with a longitudinal (here, longitudinal refers to the axial direction) third outwardly expanding straight blade 305. The outer diameter of the arc where the third outwardly expanding straight blade 305 is located is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. The length of the third outwardly expanding straight blade 305 is preferably 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the length of the axial gap 204. In this embodiment, 1 / 3 is selected.

[0049] The cut portion 307 is also provided with a third arc-shaped blade 304. The upper beginning of the third outwardly expanding straight blade 305 is connected to the beginning of the third arc-shaped blade 304 through the arc-shaped hole structure 303. The third outwardly expanding straight blade 305 is evenly distributed in the same direction in the circumferential direction of the cut portion 307 in two places. The end of each third arc-shaped blade 304 passes through the third transverse blade 306 and coincides with the lower end of another third outwardly expanding straight blade 30.

[0050] The bone harvesting component 4 has a hollow rod-shaped structure, with the front end being the bone harvesting part 403. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting component 4 has a stepped structure, and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part 403 is provided with a longitudinal fourth blade structure. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting part 403 is smaller than the inner diameter A2 of the rest of the bone harvesting component 4. The inner diameter A1 of the bone harvesting part is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. The depth of the inner diameter A1 of the bone harvesting part 403 accounts for 15% of the overall height of the bone harvesting component 4.

[0051] The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge 4031 and a fourth end cutting edge 4032. The fourth longitudinal cutting edge 4031 has a sheet-like structure and is arranged along the axial direction of the bone harvesting assembly 4. It has a structure that gradually narrows from the front end of the bone harvesting part 403 to the rear end of the bone harvesting part 403, and has an angle with the axis of the bone harvesting assembly 4. It is installed on the inner wall of the bone harvesting part 403, such as... Figure 9 The specific structure shown.

[0052] The transplant component 5 has a hollow rod-shaped structure, with a guide section at its front end. The guide section includes evenly distributed circumferential positioning clips 501 and axial limiting supports 502. The arc on the outer surface of the circumferential positioning clips 501 is equal to the outer diameter of the main rod of the transplant component 5. The axial limiting supports 502 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the main rod and are parallel to the upper end face 504 of the rear end of the main rod. The inner diameter of the transplant component 5 is larger than the inner diameter of the bone harvesting component 4.

[0053] Four circumferential positioning clips 501 and four axial limiting supports 502 are evenly distributed and arranged in a cross pattern. Each circumferential positioning clip 501 has an arc-shaped groove structure 503 on both sides of its tail end. The two sides of the arc-shaped groove structure 503 are the axial positioning supports 502. The circumferential width of the axial positioning support 502 is 5 mm and the radial length is 5 mm. The length of the circumferential positioning clip 501 is 16 mm, or even shorter, about 6 mm.

[0054] The implant component 6 has a sixth striking part 601 at its front end and a sixth positioning part 604 in its middle. The distance h between the bottom end face of the sixth striking part 604 and the lower surface of the sixth positioning part 604 is equal to the distance f between the upper end face of the rear end of the main rod in the transplant component and the lower surface of the axial limiting support 502. The outer diameter of the sixth striking part 601 of the main rod of the implant component 6 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component 5. In the attached diagram of this embodiment, the sixth striking part 601 is the part with the largest diameter, so the outer diameter of the sixth striking part needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component 5. If the main rod of the implant component 6 is a structure with equal diameter, then the maximum outer diameter of the main rod needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component 5 and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part 4 of the bone harvesting component 4 in order to realize the function of knocking the new bone taken from the bone harvesting component 4 out of the bone harvesting part 403 into the inner diameter A2 of the remaining part. Being smaller than the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component 5 is conducive to implanting the new bone into the bone channel.

[0055] The sixth gripping part 605 is located at the tail end of the sixth solid rod 603 of the implanted component. It adopts a flat plate structure and is arranged in parallel with the sixth positioning part 604. The distance between the sixth gripping part 605 and the sixth positioning part 604 is more than 2cm, which not only facilitates gripping, but also transmits force to the sixth striking part 601 when force is applied.

[0056] The sixth striking part 601 is connected to the sixth solid rod 603 via the sixth transition connecting part 602, and the sixth transition connecting part 602 adopts a conical structure.

[0057] The depth measuring component 7 has a cylindrical main structure with graduations in millimeters to prevent it from rolling off the table. A seventh handle 701, square or rectangular in shape, is located at the tail end. The depth measuring part 702 has its zero-degree starting point at its front bottom. The diameter of the depth measuring part 702 must be smaller than the inner diameter A1 of the bone extraction part 403; it can be used as a striking part if necessary. Furthermore, the length of the depth measuring part 702 must be greater than the overall height e of the bone extraction component 4.

[0058] To prevent the depth measuring part 702 from wearing out due to prolonged use as a striking part, thus causing measurement errors, or to address the specific limitations on the bottom surface of the sixth positioning part 604 and the sixth striking part 604 of the implanted component 6, a slightly longer striking part may be needed for the bone harvesting component 4, which requires increased overall length to reduce force application. Therefore, an additional striking component 8 can be added. For example, the eighth striking part 804 of the striking component 8 has a diameter of 9mm, the eighth striking part 801 has a square or rectangular structure with a thickness of 1mm, and the eighth solid rod 802, with a diameter of 4-5mm, connects the eighth striking part 801 and the eighth striking part 804. The eighth solid rod 802 is connected to the eighth striking part 804 through a frustoconical eighth transition connecting part 803. Example 2:

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is as follows: In the bone harvesting assembly 4′, a fourth cutting edge structure is provided on the inner diameter 403′ of the bone harvesting part 403′. The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge 4041′ and a fourth end edge 4032′. The fourth longitudinal cutting edges 4041′ are evenly distributed on the inner diameter A1′ of the thickened inner layer 404′ of the bone harvesting part 403′. A through groove structure 4042′ is provided between adjacent fourth longitudinal cutting edges 4041′. The thickness of the fourth longitudinal cutting edges 4041′ is less than the wall thickness of the rear main rod of the bone harvesting assembly 4′ and also less than the wall thickness of the thickened inner layer 404′. Three through groove structures 4042′ are evenly distributed, and the width of the three through groove structures 4042′ accounts for a portion of the thickness of the thickened inner layer 404′. One-third of the inner circumference of layer 404', the height of the three through-groove structures 4042' accounts for 80% of the height of the thickened inner layer 404'; when the fourth longitudinal cutting blade 4041' performs rotary cutting to remove new bone, and the new bone is removed from the bone-removing component 4' by slow tapping, due to the presence of the through-groove structure 4042', the new bone will have a partially uneven outer surface. When passing through the inner diameter A2', since the diameter difference between A2' and A1' is not large, and the new bone does not pass through A2' completely smoothly, the friction generated will remove part of the uneven part of the new bone. Therefore, this embodiment also has certain advantages.

[0060] The specific transplantation method for the structures illustrated in the two embodiments above is as follows: S1. At the site where bone needs to be removed, a positioning hole is drilled using a positioning component to form a positioning ring. The depth should be less than the depth of the lesion and extend beyond the subchondral bone.

[0061] S2. The osteotomy component performs osteotomy on the aforementioned positioning ring: the second blade structure is directly inserted into the positioning ring, and after slowly tapping to the predetermined depth, the osteotomy component is rotated to perform the osteotomy operation. After the osteotomy operation is completed, it is then pulled out directly or rotated moderately (only 5 or 10 degrees, and the rotation angle should not be too large) and pulled out; the patient's bone is cut off and removed to form a bone channel to be filled, and then the depth is measured with a depth measuring component.

[0062] S3. The cutting component performs excess cutting in the hole to be filled: The third cutting edge structure is screwed into the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward-expanding straight edge. After the front end of the cutting edge touches the bottom of the bone channel, the cutting edge is then rotated and cut in the opposite direction of the aforementioned screwing in. After the excess is removed in place, the third cutting edge structure is then screwed out of the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward-expanding straight edge.

[0063] S4. The bone harvesting component harvests new osteocartilage from the prepared site: First, insert the fourth blade of the front bone harvesting part directly into the site where new osteocartilage is to be harvested, and tap slowly to reach the predetermined depth. The predetermined depth should be greater than the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. After rotating the entire bone harvesting component, pull it out to remove the cartilage to be transplanted from the prepared bone harvesting site. By tapping slowly, the cartilage to be transplanted is removed from the inner hole at the rear end of the bone harvesting component.

[0064] S5. Transplantation: First, trim the length of the transplanted osteocartilage to the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. Then, place the circumferential positioning card of the transplantation component at the inner edge of the bone channel to be filled, and place the osteocartilage to be transplanted into the inner hole of the transplantation component.

[0065] S6. Implantation: Insert the implantation component into the inner hole of the transplantation component, and slowly tap to implant the cartilage to be transplanted into the bone channel to be filled. When the lower surface of the sixth positioning part is in complete contact with the rear end of the main rod in the transplantation component, that is, when the upper end of the cartilage to be transplanted is flush with the upper end of the bone channel, it is considered that it has been successfully implanted into the bone channel.

[0066] The core technology of this invention, as described in the above embodiments, lies in the fact that the resection component can remove one-third of the oblique conical bone tunnel formed by the osteotomy component in the depth direction. The inner diameter of the bone tunnel after resection is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part 101. This resection facilitates the smooth implantation of new bone, while the unresected portion forms an interference fit with the new bone, which is conducive to the growth of new bone.

[0067] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A bone and cartilage transplantation device, comprising a positioning component, an osteotomy component, a resection component, a bone harvesting component, a transplantation component, and an implantation component, each having a rod-like structure; characterized in that: The front end of the positioning component is the first positioning part, and the first positioning part is provided with a first cutting edge structure; The osteotomy assembly is a hollow rod-shaped structure with an osteotomy section at the front end. A second cutting edge structure is provided on the osteotomy section. Two or more axial slits are evenly distributed on the osteotomy section. The outer diameter of the osteotomy section is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning section. A second longitudinal cutting edge is provided on the inner diameter of the osteotomy section. The cutting component has a hollow rod-shaped structure. The outer diameter of the main rod of the cutting component is smaller than the outer diameter of the first positioning part. Its front end is the cutting part, and a longitudinal third outwardly expanding straight blade is provided on the cutting part. The outer diameter of the arc where the third outwardly expanding straight blade is located is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part. The length of the third outwardly expanding straight blade is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the axial gap length. The bone harvesting component has a hollow rod-shaped structure, with the front end being the bone harvesting part. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting component has a stepped structure, and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is provided with a longitudinal fourth blade structure. The inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is smaller than the inner diameter of the rest of the part; the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part is equal to the outer diameter of the first positioning part. The transplant component has a hollow rod-shaped structure with a guide section at its front end. The guide section includes evenly distributed circumferential positioning cards and axial limiting supports. The arc on the outer surface of the circumferential positioning card is equal to the outer diameter of the main rod of the transplant component. The axial limiting supports are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the main rod and are set parallel to the upper end face of the rear end of the main rod. The inner diameter of the transplant component is larger than the inner diameter of the bone harvesting component. The implant component has a sixth striking part at its front end and a sixth positioning part in its middle. The distance between the bottom end face of the sixth striking part and the lower surface of the sixth positioning part is equal to the distance between the upper end face of the rear end of the main rod in the transplant component and the lower surface of the axial limiting support. The outer diameter of the main rod of the implant component is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the main rod of the transplant component and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting part of the bone harvesting component.

2. The osteochondral grafting device of claim 1, wherein: The length of the second longitudinal blade is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the axial gap length.

3. The osteochondral grafting device of claim 1, wherein: The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge and a fourth end cutting edge. The fourth longitudinal cutting edge has a sheet-like structure and is arranged along the axial direction of the bone harvesting assembly, and has a structure that gradually narrows from the front end of the bone harvesting part to the rear end of the bone harvesting part.

4. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone harvesting section has a fourth cutting edge structure on its inner diameter. The fourth cutting edge structure includes a fourth longitudinal cutting edge and a fourth end cutting edge. The fourth longitudinal cutting edges are evenly distributed on the inner diameter of the thickened inner layer of the bone harvesting section. A through groove structure is provided between adjacent fourth longitudinal cutting edges. The thickness of the fourth longitudinal cutting edge is less than the wall thickness of the rear main rod of the bone harvesting assembly.

5. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning part in the positioning assembly has a cylindrical structure with an outer diameter of 12 mm, an inner diameter a of 11 mm, an inner wall depth of 5 mm, and an outer wall height of 10 mm. The outer wall is marked with graduations. The outer wall of the first positioning part is connected to the second solid rod through the second transition connecting part. The other end of the second solid rod is connected to the first striking part through the first transition connecting part. The length of the second solid rod is 45 mm. The diameter of the first striking part is equal to the outer diameter of the first cutting edge structure. The cutting edge of the first cutting edge structure has a small inclined surface structure that gradually narrows from the outer wall to the inner wall.

6. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The osteotomy assembly has two or three axial slits evenly distributed. The front end of the rod between each pair of two or three axial slits is a second cutting edge structure. The second cutting edge structure is arc-shaped. The cutting edge of the second cutting edge structure is a sharp structure that is reduced from the outer radial direction to the inner wall of the rod. The plane where the cutting edge is located forms an angle of 45-60 degrees with the axis of the rod.

7. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each axial slot can be of equal or non-equal width. The tail end of the axial slot with equal width is connected to the circular hole structure; the axial slot with non-equal width gradually decreases in size from the tail end to the head end.

8. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cut portion is also provided with a third arc-shaped blade. The upper end of the third outward-expanding straight blade is connected to the beginning of the third arc-shaped blade through an arc-shaped hole structure. The third outward-expanding straight blade is evenly distributed in the same direction in the circumferential direction of the cut portion in two places, and the end of each third arc-shaped blade coincides with the lower end of the other third outward-expanding straight blade.

9. The osteochondral transplantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end of the implanted component is provided with a sixth tapping part, which is arranged parallel to the sixth positioning part.

10. A method for transplanting the osteochondral graft device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Follow these steps: S1. At the site where the diseased bone needs to be removed, a positioning hole is drilled using a positioning component to form a positioning ring. The depth should be less than the depth of the lesion and extend beyond the subchondral bone. S2. The osteotomy component performs osteotomy on the aforementioned positioning ring: the second blade structure is directly inserted into the positioning ring, and after slowly tapping to the predetermined depth, the osteotomy component is rotated to perform the osteotomy operation. After the osteotomy operation is completed, it is immediately pulled out to cut off and remove the diseased bone, forming a bone channel to be filled. The depth is then measured using a depth measuring component. S3. The cutting component performs excess cutting in the hole to be filled: the third cutting edge structure is screwed into the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward straight edge. After the front end of the cutting edge touches the bottom of the bone channel, the cutting edge is then cut and rotated in the opposite direction of the aforementioned screwing in. After the excess is removed in place, the third cutting edge structure is then screwed out from the bone channel to be filled in a direction that can retract the third outward straight edge. S4. The bone harvesting component harvests new bone cartilage from the prepared site: First, insert the fourth blade of the front bone harvesting part directly into the site where new bone cartilage is to be harvested, and tap slowly to reach the predetermined depth. The predetermined depth should be greater than the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. After rotating the entire bone harvesting component, pull it out to remove the cartilage to be transplanted from the prepared bone harvesting site. By tapping slowly, the cartilage to be transplanted is removed from the inner hole at the rear end of the bone harvesting component. S5. Transplantation: First, trim the length of the transplanted osteocartilage to the depth of the bone channel to be filled in step S2. Then, place the circumferential positioning card of the transplantation component at the inner edge of the bone channel to be filled and place the osteocartilage to be transplanted into the inner hole of the transplantation component. S6. Implantation: Insert the implantation component into the inner hole of the transplantation component, and slowly tap to implant the cartilage to be transplanted into the bone channel to be filled. When the lower surface of the sixth positioning part is in complete contact with the rear end of the main rod in the transplantation component, that is, when the upper end of the cartilage to be transplanted is flush with the upper end of the bone channel, it is considered that it has been successfully implanted into the bone channel.

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