Shifting fork machining device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of shifting fork machining, in particular to a shifting fork machining device which comprises a drill bit, the drill bit is coaxially provided with a through opening, the through opening penetrates through the drill bit, the through opening is used for allowing cooling liquid to pass through, the outer wall of the drill bit is provided with a spiral groove, the spiral groove is formed in the periphery of the through opening, and the groove bottom of the spiral groove is provided with a communicating opening; and the communicating port is communicated with the through port. An internal cooling liquid passage directly reaching the drill tip is constructed, high-pressure cooling liquid can be directly sprayed to a cutting area from the center of the drill bit, extreme cooling and effective lubrication of the drill tip are achieved, drill bit abrasion is remarkably reduced, and the service life of a cutter is prolonged; in addition, high-pressure cooling liquid can discharge cuttings outwards through the spiral groove by means of strong force of the channel, the technical problems that in traditional external cooling type machining, the cuttings are not smoothly discharged, and the hole wall is prone to strain are fundamentally solved, and therefore the size precision and the hole wall surface quality of the shifting fork mounting hole are remarkably improved while the machining efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shift fork machining, and more particularly to a shift fork machining apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The shift fork is a key component in transmission systems such as gearboxes and clutches. It is typically a shaped cast or forged part with a fork and mounting holes. Its core function is to shift gears by moving the fork towards a synchronizer or gear, driven by the shifting mechanism. To ensure precise and smooth shifting, the mounting holes on the shift fork body that mate with the shift shaft and pins must have extremely high dimensional accuracy, positional precision, and good hole wall quality. Any machining deviation can lead to increased shifting force, mechanism jamming, or abnormal wear, directly affecting the performance and reliability of the entire transmission system.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly uses a combination of "specialized fixture + general-purpose drilling machine" for machining mounting holes. This device typically consists of a locating pin, a support block, a spiral pressure plate, and a template with a drill sleeve. During operation, the worker manually positions and clamps the fork blank on the fixture, and then drills the hole using a vertical drilling machine or radial drilling machine, guided by the drill sleeve.

[0004] To address the heat dissipation and chip removal issues during drilling, traditional methods often involve externally pouring cutting fluid, where the fluid is poured from the outside of the drill bit. However, this method has limited penetration and flushing effects, making it difficult for the fluid to effectively reach the drill tip. This results in poor chip removal and heat buildup, which not only accelerates drill bit wear and shortens its lifespan but also causes residual chips inside the hole to scratch the hole wall, severely affecting the machining quality of the shift fork. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the machining quality of shift forks, this application provides a shift fork machining device.

[0006] The shift fork processing device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A fork machining device includes a drill bit, the drill bit having a through-hole coaxially through which coolant flows, the drill bit having a spiral groove on its outer wall, the spiral groove being located on the outer periphery of the through-hole, and the bottom of the spiral groove having a connecting port connected to the through-hole.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, an internal coolant passage directly reaching the drill tip is constructed, which also allows high-pressure coolant to be sprayed directly from the center of the drill bit to the cutting area. This not only achieves ultimate cooling and effective lubrication of the drill tip, significantly reducing drill bit wear and extending tool life, but also allows the high-pressure coolant to forcefully discharge chips outward through the spiral groove via this passage. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of poor chip removal and easy scratching of the hole wall in traditional external cooling machining, thereby significantly improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the shift fork mounting hole while ensuring machining efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, the assembly also includes a processing table, a support base, and a clamp. The support base and the clamp are both fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table. The support base is used to support the workpiece, and the clamp is used to press the workpiece. The clamp is provided with a drill sleeve opening for the drill bit to pass through.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the support base provides stable and reliable positioning support for the workpiece, effectively suppressing processing vibration, while the fixture ensures the absolute fixation of the workpiece during processing through its pressing function, eliminating processing errors caused by displacement; the setting of the drill sleeve provides precise guidance for the drill bit, further ensuring the positional accuracy and perpendicularity of the drilling, realizing high-precision, high-stability and high-quality drilling processing of the shift fork workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, the support base includes a first support block and a second support block, both of which are fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table. The upper end of the first support block is provided with a positioning groove for the insertion of the shift fork shaft. There are two second support blocks, which are used for the shift fork lever.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, multi-point, limiting support for the irregular structure of the shift fork is achieved, which effectively restricts the workpiece's degree of freedom, ensures the consistency of position and repeatability of positioning accuracy for each clamping, reduces machining deviations caused by inconsistent positioning datums, and improves the machining quality of the shift fork.

[0012] Preferably, the fixture includes a fixed base, a rotating column, a guide block, and a pressure block. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table. The fixed base has a through-hole that extends vertically through the fixed base. The rotating column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through-hole. The inner wall of the through-hole has a guide groove. One end of the guide block is slidably connected to the guide groove, and the other end of the guide block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column. The pressure block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column, and the drill sleeve opening is located on the pressure block.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixed seat serves as the supporting foundation of the entire fixture. Its internal through-hole and guide groove provide a precise vertical sliding path and circumferential limit for the rotating column. When the rotating column moves down along the guide groove, it can drive the pressure block to precisely clamp the workpiece. The drill sleeve opening on it has both guiding and avoidance functions, providing precise drilling guidance for the drill bit while achieving firm clamping.

[0014] Preferably, the guide groove includes an S-shaped groove and a straight groove, one end of the straight groove is connected to one end of the S-shaped groove, and the length direction of the straight groove is vertical.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rotating column is pressed down, the guide block first moves along the S-shaped groove, driving the pressure block to move vertically downward while rotating horizontally above the workpiece, achieving rapid positioning; when pressing down further, the guide block enters the vertical straight groove, converting the rotational motion into a pure vertical pressing stroke, thereby ensuring that the pressure block can stably and vertically press the workpiece, effectively eliminating the influence of lateral force on positioning accuracy, and significantly improving clamping efficiency and ease of operation.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning groove wall is provided with a guide surface, and the distance from the guide surface to the workpiece increases as it moves away from the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting an inclined guide surface on the wall of the positioning groove, the distance from the guide surface to the workpiece shaft gradually increases as it moves away from the bottom of the groove, forming a funnel-shaped guiding structure. This design can produce a significant "self-guiding" effect when the workpiece is loaded into the positioning groove. Even if there is an initial positional deviation between the workpiece shaft and the positioning groove, it can automatically slide in along the guide surface under the action of gravity and accurately sit on the bottom of the groove. This greatly reduces the difficulty of clamping operations and the accuracy requirements of alignment, and effectively avoids damage to the workpiece or fixture caused by forced bumping during loading. While improving clamping efficiency, it further ensures the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0018] Preferably, the upper end of the first support block is provided with a flow guide groove, which is located on the outer periphery of the positioning groove and extends away from the positioning groove. Water overflowing from the positioning groove falls into the flow guide groove.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when a large amount of coolant generated during the processing of the center water-cooled drill bit overflows from the locating slot or when chips splash with the coolant, the guide channel can effectively capture and guide them to a predetermined direction away from the locating slot and the workpiece for discharge. This design significantly prevents coolant from overflowing in the workpiece locating area, avoids the potential impact on locating accuracy caused by liquid residue or chip accumulation, and at the same time ensures the cleanliness of the worktable, improving the sustainable operation capability and maintenance convenience of the equipment.

[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the drill sleeve opening is provided with a nozzle, the pressure block is provided with a water passage cavity, the water passage cavity is located on the outer periphery of the drill sleeve opening, the outer wall of the pressure block is provided with a water supply port, the nozzle and the water supply port are both connected to the water passage cavity, and the opening of the nozzle faces the guide surface and the joint of the workpiece.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the coolant can be accurately and concentratedly sprayed from the nozzle of the drill bushing to the joint between the guide surface and the workpiece. This not only cools the workpiece but also washes away any tiny chips that may enter the joint during processing, completely eliminating the risk of chips getting between the workpiece and the positioning surface and affecting the positioning accuracy. This ensures the absolute reliability of workpiece positioning and the ultimate accuracy of the final machined hole position at the core work station.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom of the positioning groove is provided with a chip discharge port, the chip discharge port passes through the first support block, the processing table is provided with a material leakage port, the material leakage port is connected to the chip discharge port, the lower end of the column is fixedly connected to the side of the processing table away from the first support block, the receiving box is provided below the processing table, and the receiving box is used to receive the material leaking out of the material leakage port.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drill bit penetrates the shift fork hole, the shift fork hole is connected to the chip removal port. While the chip removal port avoids the drill bit, it allows some chips to be discharged from the chip removal port, reducing the probability of chip accumulation in the positioning groove and affecting the workpiece positioning accuracy, improving the machining quality of the shift fork, and the centralized collection function of the receiving box facilitates subsequent waste disposal and reduces material waste.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: An internal coolant passage leading directly to the drill tip was constructed, allowing high-pressure coolant to be sprayed directly from the center of the drill bit to the cutting area. This not only achieves ultimate cooling and effective lubrication of the drill tip, significantly reducing drill wear and extending tool life, but also enables the high-pressure coolant to forcefully expel chips through the spiral groove via this passage. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of poor chip removal and easy hole wall scratches in traditional external cooling machining, thereby significantly improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the shift fork mounting hole while ensuring machining efficiency. When a large amount of coolant is generated during the machining of the center water-cooled drill bit, overflowing from the locating slot or when chips splash with the coolant, the guide channel can effectively capture and guide them to a predetermined direction away from the locating slot and the workpiece. This design significantly prevents the coolant from overflowing in the workpiece locating area, avoids the potential impact on locating accuracy caused by liquid residue or chip accumulation, and at the same time ensures the cleanliness of the worktable, improving the sustainable operation capability and maintenance convenience of the equipment. The coolant can be precisely and concentratedly sprayed from the nozzle of the drill bushing to the joint between the guide surface and the workpiece. This not only cools the workpiece but also washes away any tiny chips that may enter the joint during machining. This completely eliminates the risk of chips getting between the workpiece and the positioning surface and affecting the positioning accuracy. As a result, the absolute reliability of the workpiece positioning and the ultimate precision of the final machined hole position are ensured at the core work station. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shift fork processing device.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor, spindle, and drill bit.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the platform, support base, receiving box, and fixture.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a sectional view of platform 3, support base 4, receiving box 6, and fixture 7.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed base.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first support block.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pressing block.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 11. Mounting slot; 2. Machining component; 21. Three-axis linear module; 22. Motor; 23. Spindle; 231. Channel opening; 24. Drill bit; 241. Through opening; 242. Spiral groove; 2421. Connecting opening; 3. Platform; 31. Machining table; 311. Material discharge port; 312. Sliding port; 32. Column; 4. Support base; 41. First support block; 411. Positioning groove; 4111. Guide surface; 412. Chip discharge port; 413. Flow guide groove; 414. Connecting groove; 42. 6. Second support block; 7. Receiving box; 61. Box body; 611. Water outlet; 62. Filter screen; 7. Clamp; 71. Sliding column; 72. Press block; 721. Guide port; 73. Guide column; 741. First cylinder; 742. Second cylinder; 75. Fixed seat; 751. Through hole; 76. Rotating column; 761. Guide groove; 7611. S-shaped groove; 7612. Straight groove; 77. Guide block; 78. Press block; 781. Drill sleeve opening; 782. Nozzle; 783. Water passage chamber; 783. Water supply port; 79. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7This application will be described in further detail.

[0034] This application discloses a fork processing device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A fork processing device includes a housing 1, a processing component 2, a platform 3, a support base 4, a receiving box 6, and a clamp 7.

[0035] The housing 1 has a mounting groove 11 on one side. The processing component 2 includes a three-axis linear module 21, a motor 22, a spindle 23, and a drill bit 24. The three-axis linear module 21 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 11. The three-axis linear module 21 is assembled in space orthogonally according to the three coordinate axes X, Y, and Z by three linear motion units (a combination of ball screws and linear guides). The three-axis linear module 21 is used to control the movement of the motor 22. The spindle 23 is fixedly connected to the rotor of the motor 22. The motor 22 controls the spindle 23 to rotate at high speed, high precision, and high efficiency. The rotation direction of the spindle 23 is vertical. The drill bit 24 is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower end of the spindle 23.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The main spindle 23 is coaxially provided with a channel port 231, which passes through the main spindle 23. The drill bit 24 is coaxially provided with a through port 241, which passes through the main spindle 23. The channel port 231 and the through port 241 are used to pass coolant. The outer wall of the drill bit 24 is provided with a spiral groove 242, which is located on the outer periphery of the through port 241. The bottom of the spiral groove 242 is provided with a connecting port 2421, which connects to the through port 241. There are multiple connecting ports 2421, which are evenly spaced along the extension direction of the spiral groove 242. Multiple connecting ports 2421 are provided within one circle of the spiral groove 242.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Platform 3 includes a processing table 31 and columns 32. The lower end of the column 32 is fixedly connected to the upward-facing wall of the mounting groove 11, and the upper end of the column 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the processing table 31. The processing table 31 is rectangular in shape, and there are four columns 32, which are respectively located near the four corners of the processing table 31. The support base 4 and the clamp 7 are both fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table 31. The support base 4 is used to support the workpiece, and the clamp 7 is used to press the workpiece.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The support base 4 includes a first support block 41 and a second support block 42, both of which are fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table 31. The upper end of the first support block 41 has a positioning groove 411 for inserting the shift fork shaft. One side of the shift fork abuts against the upper surface of the first support block 41. The bottom of the positioning groove 411 has a chip discharge port 412 that penetrates the first support block 41. The processing table 31 has a material discharge port 311 connected to the chip discharge port 412. The receiving box 6 includes a box body 61 and a filter screen 62. The box body 61 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the processing table 31 by screws and is used to receive material leaking from the material discharge port 311. The lower end of the box body 61 has a water outlet 611, and the filter screen 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water outlet 611. Two second support blocks 42 are provided, which support the shift fork lever.

[0039] The fixture 7 includes a sliding column 71, a push block 72, a guide column 73, a first cylinder 741, a fixed base 75, a rotating column 76, a guide block 77, a pressure block 78, a bearing 79, and a second cylinder 742. The upper end of the processing table 31 is provided with a sliding opening 312, located between two second support blocks 42. The distance from the sliding opening 312 to the two second support blocks 42 is equal. The sliding opening 312 vertically penetrates the processing table 31. The sliding column 71 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding opening 312, and the sliding direction of the sliding column 71 is vertical. The push block 72 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column 71 and is used to abut against the upper end of the shift fork lever, and together with the second support block 42, clamps the shift fork. The guide post 73 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table 31. The axis of the guide post 73 is vertical. The block 72 is provided with a guide opening 721. The guide post 73 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide opening 721. The cylinder body of the first cylinder 741 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the processing table 31. The piston rod of the first cylinder 741 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding post 71.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fixed base 75 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table 31. The fixed base 75 is provided with a through hole 751, which extends vertically through the fixed base 75. The rotating column 76 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole 751. The inner wall of the through hole 751 is provided with a guide groove 761, which includes an S-shaped groove 7611 and a straight groove 7612. One end of the straight groove 7612 is connected to one end of the S-shaped groove 7611. The length direction of the straight groove 7612 is vertical. One end of the guide block 77 is slidably connected to the guide groove 761, and the other end of the guide block 77 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 76. When the guide block 77 slides from one end of the guide groove 761 to the other end, the rotating column 76 rotates 90 degrees.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The pressure block 78 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 76. The pressure block 78 is provided with a drill sleeve opening 781 for the drill bit 24 to pass through. The lower end of the rotating column 76 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bearing 79. The cylinder body of the second cylinder 742 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the processing table 31, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 742 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bearing 79.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The positioning groove 411 has guide surfaces 4111 on its wall. There are two guide surfaces 4111, which are arranged opposite each other and symmetrically about the workpiece. The distance between the guide surfaces 4111 and the workpiece increases as they move away from the bottom of the positioning groove 411. The upper end of the first support block 41 has a guide groove 413, which is located on the outer periphery of the positioning groove 411 and extends away from the positioning groove 411. Water overflowing from the positioning groove 411 falls into the guide groove 413. The upper end of the first support block 41 has a connecting groove 414, which connects the guide groove 413 and the positioning groove 411. The maximum height of the bottom of the connecting groove 414 is equal to the height of the lower end of the guide surface 4111. The connecting groove 414 is located on the side of the positioning groove 411 away from the workpiece.

[0043] Reference Figure 7 The inner wall of the drill sleeve opening 781 is provided with nozzles 782. Multiple nozzles 782 are provided and are evenly spaced around the axis of the drill sleeve opening 781. The pressure block 78 is provided with a water passage cavity 783, which is located on the outer periphery of the drill sleeve opening 781. The outer wall of the pressure block 78 is provided with a water supply port 783. Both the nozzles 782 and the water supply port 783 are connected to the water passage cavity 783. The opening of the nozzle 782 faces the guide surface 4111 and the joint of the workpiece.

[0044] The implementation principle of the shift fork processing device in this application embodiment is as follows: The workpiece is placed on the support base 4, the shift fork shaft extends into the positioning groove 411, one side of the shift fork abuts against the upper end face of the first support block 41, and the shift fork lever abuts against the upper end face of the second support block 42. The first cylinder 741 moves downward to control the pressing block 72 to press the shift fork lever, and the second cylinder 742 moves downward to control the pressure block 78 to rotate and press the shift fork. The drill sleeve 781 is fitted onto the outer circumference of the shift fork shaft, and the nozzle 782 sprays water to cool the workpiece, while simultaneously causing the coolant on the guide surface 4111 to flow. Some of the coolant overflows into the guide groove 413 to clean the first support block 41. Impurities are removed, and some coolant flows from the connecting groove 414 to the guide groove 413 to clean the impurities on the guide surface 4111. While the drill bit 24 is drilling the shift fork shaft, coolant is sprayed out from the central through-hole 241. The coolant cools the shift fork shaft and the drill bit 24. The coolant connects with the chips and impurities, which move upward with the S-shaped groove 7611S of the drill bit 24, away from the workpiece. After leaving, the coolant on the shift fork shaft, along with the impurities, is thrown outward. The impurities that fall on the guide surface 4111 are moved away from the guide surface 4111 by the water flow, reducing the probability of impurities accumulating in the positioning groove 411, reducing the impact on the positioning accuracy of the shift fork shaft, and improving the processing quality of the shift fork.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fork processing device, characterized in that: Includes a drill bit (24), the drill bit (24) is coaxially provided with a through port (241), the through port (241) penetrates the drill bit (24), the through port (241) is used to pass coolant, the outer wall of the drill bit (24) is provided with a spiral groove (242), the spiral groove (242) is provided on the outer periphery of the through port (241), the bottom of the spiral groove (242) is provided with a connecting port (2421), the connecting port (2421) is connected to the through port (241).

2. The fork processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a processing table (31), a support base (4) and a fixture (7). The support base (4) and the fixture (7) are both fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table (31). The support base (4) is used to support the workpiece, and the fixture (7) is used to press the workpiece. The fixture (7) is provided with a drill sleeve opening (781), which is used for the drill bit (24) to pass through.

3. The fork processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support base (4) includes a first support block (41) and a second support block (42). The first support block (41) and the second support block (42) are both fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table (31). The upper end of the first support block (41) is provided with a positioning groove (411), which is used for the insertion of the shift fork shaft. There are two second support blocks (42), which are used to support the shift fork lever.

4. The fork processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixture (7) includes a fixed base (75), a rotating column (76), a guide block (77), and a pressure block (78). The fixed base (75) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the processing table (31). The fixed base (75) has a through-hole (751) that passes through the fixed base (75) vertically. The rotating column (76) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through-hole (751). The inner wall of the through-hole (751) has a guide groove (761). One end of the guide block (77) is slidably connected to the guide groove (761). The other end of the guide block (77) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column (76). The pressure block (78) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column (76). The drill sleeve opening (781) is located on the pressure block (78).

5. The fork processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide groove (761) includes an S-shaped groove (7611) and a straight groove (7612). One end of the straight groove (7612) is connected to one end of the S-shaped groove (7611), and the length direction of the straight groove (7612) is vertical.

6. The fork processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning groove (411) has a guide surface (4111) on its wall. The distance from the guide surface (4111) to the workpiece increases as it moves away from the bottom of the positioning groove (411).

7. The fork processing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the first support block (41) is provided with a guide groove (413). The guide groove (413) is located on the outer periphery of the positioning groove (411). The guide groove (413) extends to the end away from the positioning groove (411). Water overflowing from the positioning groove (411) falls into the guide groove (413).

8. The fork processing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drill sleeve opening (781) is provided with a nozzle (782), the pressure block (78) is provided with a water passage cavity (783), the water passage cavity (783) is located on the outer periphery of the drill sleeve opening (781), the outer wall of the pressure block (78) is provided with a water supply port (783), the nozzle (782) and the water supply port (783) are both connected to the water passage cavity (783), and the opening of the nozzle (782) faces the guide surface (4111) and the joint of the workpiece.

9. A fork processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning groove (411) is provided with a chip discharge port (412), which passes through the first support block (41). The processing table (31) is provided with a material leakage port (311), which is connected to the chip discharge port (412). The lower end of the column (32) is fixedly connected to the side of the processing table (31) away from the first support block (41). The receiving box (6) is located below the processing table (31) and is used to receive the material leaking out of the material leakage port (311).

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