Polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining

Abstract

The invention discloses polishing equipment and a polishing process for deep hole machining, and relates to the technical field of deep hole machining, the polishing equipment comprises a supporting ring, and a lifting mechanism for lifting is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting ring. And by arranging the supporting ring, a stable and reliable mounting reference and a bearing platform are provided for the whole polishing equipment, and it is ensured that the equipment keeps accurate positioning and stable supporting in the deep hole machining process. According to the deep hole polishing device, the lifting mechanism is arranged, the effect that a polishing part is accurately and vertically positioned and vertically moved in a deep hole is achieved, the double-power system design is adopted, lifting stability is guaranteed, accurate rotating motion is provided, and the deep hole polishing device can adapt to deep hole polishing operation with different depth and precision requirements; and the connecting cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the lifting mechanism, the bottom end of the connecting cylinder is rotationally connected with a rotating cylinder, and the effect of grinding and polishing holes with unsmooth interiors is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep hole machining technology, specifically to a polishing device and polishing process for deep hole machining. Background Technology

[0002] Deep hole polishing, a crucial follow-up process in deep hole machining, aims to reduce surface roughness, improve surface physical properties, and thoroughly remove machining residues to meet high standards of dimensional accuracy, fit, and service life. Different polishing processes are required for different hole diameters, depths, and materials. For through holes or larger diameters, mechanical polishing is often used, such as employing a flexible grinding rod with a flap wheel or sandpaper strips for helical feed, achieving a smooth surface through uniform grinding. For high-precision or micro-deep holes, fluid polishing techniques, such as abrasive flow machining, are widely used. This process forces a semi-fluid medium containing fine abrasive particles through the hole channel, utilizing the micro-cutting and rolling action of the abrasive particles on the hole wall to effectively remove micro-burrs and achieve a uniform mirror finish, making it particularly suitable for complex irregular holes.

[0003] Despite continuous advancements in polishing technology, traditional and even mainstream automated polishing equipment still falls short when dealing with complex internal cavities (such as those with protrusions and grooves). These limitations are primarily manifested in the following aspects. First, there is the fundamental challenge of tool "accessibility." Neither rigid nor flexible abrasives can effectively adapt to the geometry of complex cavities. For burrs, steps, and non-linear curved surfaces at the intersections of holes, standard polishing tools struggle to achieve complete coverage and uniform contact, easily creating polishing "dead zones" that result in over-processing in some areas while neglecting others. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a polishing device for deep hole machining, comprising a support ring, the upper surface of which is provided with a lifting mechanism for raising and lowering. By providing the support ring, a stable and reliable installation reference and bearing platform are provided for the entire polishing device, ensuring precise positioning and stable support during deep hole machining. The lifting mechanism achieves precise vertical positioning and vertical movement of the polishing component within the deep hole. The dual-power system design ensures both smooth lifting and precise rotational motion, enabling the device to adapt to deep hole polishing operations with varying depths and precision requirements. A connecting cylinder is fixed at the bottom end of the lifting mechanism. A rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the connecting cylinder. By setting the connecting cylinder, it serves as a key transition component connecting the lifting system and the rotary polishing system, which can reliably transmit lifting motion and provide a stable support environment for the rotating components. A pressurizing mechanism is provided to increase the pressure of the sprayed water. This mechanism is located within the inner cavity of the rotating cylinder. By incorporating this pressurizing mechanism, the polishing slurry undergoes multi-stage effective pressurization, significantly increasing the slurry's spray velocity and impact energy through centrifugal force and throttling effect. This improves the polishing effect and processing efficiency, while simultaneously achieving internal circulation regulation of the slurry. The spraying mechanism is used to spray a slurry containing abrasive particles onto the inner wall of a deep hole. The spraying mechanism is fixed at the bottom of the rotating cylinder. By setting the spraying mechanism, the polishing slurry containing fine abrasive particles is uniformly sprayed onto the inner wall of the deep hole at a specific angle, pressure and coverage pattern. Its unique fluid dynamics design ensures that the entire hole wall surface is fully and uniformly polished, eliminating polishing blind spots. The liquid suction mechanism is used to absorb the slurry containing abrasive particles inside the deep hole. The liquid suction mechanism is fixed at the bottom of the liquid spraying mechanism. By setting up the liquid suction mechanism, the used slurry can be recovered in real time during the polishing process. The abrasive and impurities are separated by a multi-stage filtration system, which not only keeps the working environment inside the deep hole clean, but also realizes the efficient recycling of abrasive, significantly reducing processing costs and environmental pollution. The lifting mechanism includes a stepper motor. A rotating rod is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor via a coupling. The rotating rod extends into the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder. A connecting frame is welded to the lower surface of the stepper motor, and the bottom end of the connecting frame is welded to the top end of the connecting cylinder. By configuring the stepper motor, rotating rod, and connecting frame, the stepper motor provides precisely controllable speed and torque. The rotating rod is made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure reliable torque transmission, and the connecting frame is securely connected to the connecting cylinder.

[0005] Preferably, a washer is fixed on the lower surface of the support ring, a sealing ring for sealing the deep hole is fixed on the outer surface of the connecting cylinder, a first rolling bearing is welded to the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, a rotating ring is welded to the inner ring of the first rolling bearing, and the rotating ring is welded to the top end of the rotating cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes two hydraulic cylinders, which are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the support ring. The output end of each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a moving rod, and a sliding frame is welded to the top of the moving rod. The stepper motor is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding frame.

[0007] Preferably, the pressurizing mechanism includes a top plate, which is welded to the bottom end of the rotating rod. A support rod is welded to the side of the lower surface of the top plate, and a fixing ring is welded to the bottom end of the support rod. A first permeable plate is welded to the lower surface of the fixing ring, and a first spiral blade is welded to the lower surface of the first permeable plate. The number of the first spiral blades is several, and the several first spiral blades are evenly distributed.

[0008] Preferably, an outer friction ring is welded to the outer surface of the support rod, and the outer surface of the outer friction ring has a plurality of grooves. An inner friction ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the outer friction ring. The inner friction ring is welded to the top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and the inner surface of the inner friction ring has a plurality of grooves. The inner friction ring and the outer friction ring rub tightly together.

[0009] Preferably, the spraying mechanism includes a wrapping tube, which is welded to the bottom of the rotating tube. The bottom of the wrapping tube is hemispherical, and a liquid outlet ring is welded to the bottom of the wrapping tube. A hemispherical cylinder is welded to the bottom end of the liquid outlet ring. The hemispherical cylinder is located in the inner cavity of the wrapping tube, and a narrow gap is formed between the hemispherical cylinder and the wrapping tube.

[0010] Preferably, the outer surface of the liquid outlet ring is permeated with a liquid outlet pipe, which is a hollow flat pipe. There are several liquid outlet pipes, and the several liquid outlet pipes are evenly distributed. A spray nozzle is fixed at the end of the liquid outlet pipe away from the liquid outlet ring.

[0011] Preferably, the pressurizing mechanism further includes a reflux mechanism and a second rolling bearing. The reflux mechanism includes a return pipe welded to the upper surface of the hemispherical cylinder. The top end of the return pipe extends to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder. A support frame is welded to the top of the inner wall of the return pipe, and a blocking piece is welded to the top of the support frame. The blocking piece is a deformable rubber sheet that blocks the top opening of the return pipe. The second rolling bearing is welded to the inner wall of the hemispherical cylinder. A second permeable plate is welded to the inner ring of the second rolling bearing. A fixing frame is welded to the upper surface of the second permeable plate. A second spiral plate is welded to the end of the fixing frame. A connecting rod is welded to the top of the fixing frame, and the top of the connecting rod is welded to the bottom of the rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid suction mechanism includes a connecting ring, which is welded to the lower surface of the hemispherical cylinder. A telescopic tube is welded to the lower surface of the connecting ring, and a funnel is welded to the bottom end of the telescopic tube. A barrier ring is welded to the inner wall of the funnel, and a sieve cylinder is welded to the upper surface of the barrier ring. A liquid inlet pipe penetrates the outer surface of the funnel, and a water inlet hole is provided on the lower surface of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0013] A polishing process for deep hole machining includes the following steps: Step 1: First, pour the slurry containing abrasive into the deep hole. Then, fix the support ring above the deep hole, ensuring that the gasket is in close contact with the end face of the deep hole to form a stable support. Next, check the position of the sealing ring to ensure that it can effectively seal the opening of the deep hole. Then, start the hydraulic cylinder for testing, so that the moving rod and sliding frame drive the connecting cylinder and rotating cylinder to descend initially. Adjust the equipment to standby state. Step 2: Start the hydraulic cylinder of the lifting mechanism to slowly lower the moving rod, which will drive the connecting cylinder and rotating cylinder into the deep hole until the spraying mechanism is close to the polishing start position. At the same time, start the stepper motor to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate through the rotating rod. The speed is controlled at 100-200 rpm. During this process, the first spiral blade of the pressurizing mechanism begins to pre-pressurize the slurry as it rotates. The entire descent and rotation start process lasts about 2 to 3 minutes to ensure the stable operation of the equipment. Step 3: Under the pressure of the pressurizing mechanism, the slurry is pressurized by the first permeable plate and the first spiral blade, and then enters the spraying mechanism for polishing. Simultaneously, the suction mechanism is activated, absorbing the used slurry through the funnel and inlet pipe, while the sieve cylinder filters out large particles of impurities. The return mechanism also operates simultaneously, recovering and reusing a portion of the slurry through the return pipe. Step 4: After polishing is completed, first stop the slurry supply and the stepper motor to stop the rotating drum. Then, start the hydraulic cylinder to lift the moving rod and slowly move the connecting drum and rotating drum out of the deep hole. During the lifting process, the liquid suction mechanism continues to absorb the residual slurry. After the equipment is completely removed, clean the spraying mechanism and the liquid suction mechanism and check for wear.

[0014] This invention provides a polishing device and polishing process for deep hole machining. It has the following beneficial effects: I. The polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining achieves precise vertical positioning and vertical movement of the polishing parts in the deep hole by setting up a lifting mechanism. The dual power system design ensures both the smoothness of lifting and providing precise rotational motion, enabling the equipment to adapt to deep hole polishing operations with different depths and precision requirements.

[0015] II. The polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining, by setting up a pressurization mechanism, performs multi-stage effective pressurization treatment on the polishing slurry, and utilizes centrifugal force and throttling effect to significantly improve the slurry spray speed and impact energy, thereby improving the polishing effect and processing efficiency, while realizing the internal circulation regulation of the slurry.

[0016] III. The polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining, by setting up a spray mechanism, uniformly sprays polishing slurry containing fine abrasives onto the inner wall of the deep hole at a specific angle, pressure and coverage pattern. Its unique fluid dynamics design ensures comprehensive and uniform polishing treatment of the entire hole wall surface, eliminating polishing blind spots.

[0017] IV. The polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining, by setting up a liquid suction mechanism, can recover the used slurry in real time during the polishing process, and separate the abrasive and impurities through a multi-stage filtration system, which not only maintains the cleanliness of the working environment inside the deep hole, but also realizes the efficient recycling of abrasive, significantly reducing processing costs and environmental pollution.

[0018] V. The polishing equipment and polishing process for deep hole machining, by setting up a first permeable plate and a first spiral blade, forms a first-stage high-efficiency pressurization system for the slurry. The first permeable plate is made of porous ceramic material with a precisely calculated pore size, which generates a controllable throttling effect while limiting the flow rate. The first spiral blade is made of special stainless steel sheet with precision forming, and generates a strong centrifugal pumping effect through a unique spiral angle design. The two work together to achieve initial pressurization and directional flow of the slurry, laying the foundation for subsequent secondary pressurization. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a polishing device for deep hole machining according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of a polishing device for deep hole machining according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the pressurization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reflux mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid suction mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the liquid suction mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Support ring; 2. Washer; 3. Lifting mechanism; 4. Connecting cylinder; 5. Rotating cylinder; 6. Pressurizing mechanism; 7. Spraying mechanism; 8. Suction mechanism; 9. First rolling bearing; 10. Rotating ring; 11. Sealing ring; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Moving rod; 33. Sliding frame; 34. Stepper motor; 35. Rotating rod; 36. Connecting frame; 61. Top plate; 62. Support rod; 63. Fixing ring; 64. First permeable plate; 65. First spiral blade; 66. External friction ring; 67. 68. Internal friction ring; 69. Return mechanism; 60. Return pipe; 61. Connecting rod; 62. Support frame; 63. Blocking plate; 64. Fixing frame; 65. Second permeable plate; 66. Second rolling bearing; 67. Second spiral blade; 78. Wrapping cylinder; 79. Hemispherical cylinder; 70. Liquid outlet ring; 71. Liquid outlet pipe; 72. Spray nozzle; 83. Connecting ring; 84. Telescopic pipe; 85. Funnel; 86. Barrier ring; 87. Screening cylinder; 88. Liquid inlet pipe; 88. Water inlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0022] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a polishing device for deep hole machining, including a support ring 1, the upper surface of which is provided with a lifting mechanism 3 for raising and lowering. By setting the support ring 1, a stable and reliable installation reference and bearing platform are provided for the entire polishing device, ensuring that the device maintains precise positioning and stable support during deep hole machining. By setting the lifting mechanism 3, the effect of precise vertical positioning and vertical movement of the polishing component within the deep hole is achieved. The dual-power system design ensures both smooth lifting and precise rotational motion, enabling the device to adapt to deep hole polishing operations with different depths and precision requirements. Connecting cylinder 4 is fixed at the bottom end of lifting mechanism 3. Rotating cylinder 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of connecting cylinder 4. By setting connecting cylinder 4, it serves as a key transition component connecting lifting system and rotary polishing system, which can reliably transmit lifting motion and provide a stable support environment for rotating components. The pressurizing mechanism 6 is used to increase the pressure of the sprayed water. The pressurizing mechanism 6 is located inside the rotating cylinder 5. By setting the pressurizing mechanism 6, the polishing slurry is subjected to multi-stage effective pressurization treatment. By utilizing centrifugal force and throttling effect, the spraying speed and impact energy of the slurry are significantly improved, thereby improving the polishing effect and processing efficiency, while realizing the internal circulation regulation of the slurry. The spraying mechanism 7 is used to spray a slurry containing abrasive particles onto the inner wall of the deep hole. The spraying mechanism 7 is fixed at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 5. By setting the spraying mechanism 7, the polishing slurry containing fine abrasive particles is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall of the deep hole at a specific angle, pressure and coverage pattern. Its unique fluid dynamics design ensures that the entire hole wall surface is fully and evenly polished, eliminating polishing blind spots. The liquid suction mechanism 8 is used to absorb the slurry containing abrasive particles inside the deep hole. The liquid suction mechanism 8 is fixed at the bottom of the liquid spraying mechanism 7. By setting the liquid suction mechanism 8, the used slurry can be recovered in real time during the polishing process. The abrasive and impurities are separated by a multi-stage filtration system, which not only keeps the working environment inside the deep hole clean, but also realizes the efficient recycling of abrasive, significantly reducing processing costs and environmental pollution. The lifting mechanism 3 includes a stepper motor 34. A rotating rod 35 is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor 34 via a coupling. The rotating rod 35 extends into the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder 4. A connecting frame 36 is welded to the lower surface of the stepper motor 34, and the bottom end of the connecting frame 36 is welded to the top end of the connecting cylinder 4. By configuring the stepper motor 34, rotating rod 35, and connecting frame 36, the stepper motor 34 provides precisely controllable speed and torque. The rotating rod 35 is made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure reliable torque transmission, and the connecting frame 36 provides a secure connection to the connecting cylinder 4.

[0023] A washer 2 is fixed to the lower surface of the support ring 1, and a sealing ring 11 for sealing the deep hole is fixed to the outer surface of the connecting cylinder 4. A first rolling bearing 9 is welded to the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 4, and a rotating ring 10 is welded to the inner ring of the first rolling bearing 9. The rotating ring 10 is welded to the top of the rotating cylinder 5. By setting the washer 2, a high-performance flexible buffer and sealing layer is formed between the support ring 1 and the workpiece surface, which can effectively prevent the equipment from sliding displacement under vibration environment and avoid indentation or scratches on the surface of precision workpiece. By setting the sealing ring 11, a multi-level reliable sealing barrier is established between the connecting cylinder 4 and the deep hole inlet. It is made of special fluororubber material, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and maintains stable sealing performance under pressure fluctuation conditions, effectively preventing slurry leakage during polishing. By setting a first rolling bearing 9 and a rotating ring 10, the first rolling bearing 9 is a precision-grade angular contact ball bearing, which can simultaneously withstand axial and radial loads. The rotating ring 10 is precision-machined to ensure the interference fit accuracy with the inner ring of the bearing, effectively separating the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder 5 from the fixed support of the connecting cylinder 4, thus ensuring rotational accuracy and service life.

[0024] The lifting mechanism 3 includes two hydraulic cylinders 31, which are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the support ring 1. A moving rod 32 is provided at the output end of each hydraulic cylinder 31, and a sliding frame 33 is welded to the top of the moving rod 32. A stepper motor 34 is fixed to the inner wall of the sliding frame 33. By setting up the hydraulic cylinders 31, the moving rod 32, and the sliding frame 33, and with the symmetrical arrangement of the two hydraulic cylinders 31 using a synchronous control system, the smoothness and load-bearing capacity of the lifting process are ensured, eliminating the risk of uneven load. The moving rod 32 provides precise linear motion guidance and wear resistance. The sliding frame 33 adopts a box-type structure design, serving as an integrated platform to smoothly transmit lifting power to the entire rotary polishing system, ensuring no deformation under heavy load conditions.

[0025] The pressurizing mechanism 6 includes a top plate 61, which is welded to the bottom end of the rotating rod 35. A support rod 62 is welded to the side of the lower surface of the top plate 61, and a fixing ring 63 is welded to the bottom end of the support rod 62. A first permeable plate 64 is welded to the lower surface of the fixing ring 63, and a first spiral blade 65 is welded to the lower surface of the first permeable plate 64. The number of first spiral blades 65 is several, and the several first spiral blades 65 are evenly distributed. By setting the top plate 61, the support rod 62, and the fixing ring 63, a rigid support frame for the pressurizing mechanism 6 is formed. The fixing ring 63 serves as a load-bearing foundation, reliably transmitting rotational power from the rotating rod 35 to the lower pressurizing element. The entire frame is dynamically balanced to ensure stability during high-speed rotation. By setting up a first permeable plate 64 and a first spiral blade 65, a primary high-efficiency pressurization system for the slurry is formed. The first permeable plate 64 is made of porous ceramic material with precisely calculated pore size, which generates a controllable throttling effect while limiting the flow rate. The first spiral blade 65 is made of special stainless steel sheet with precision forming, and generates a strong centrifugal pumping effect through a unique spiral angle design. The two work together to achieve initial pressurization and directional flow of the slurry, laying the foundation for subsequent secondary pressurization. An outer friction ring 66 is welded to the outer surface of the support rod 62. The outer surface of the outer friction ring 66 has several grooves. An inner friction ring 67 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the outer friction ring 66. 7 is welded to the top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 5. The inner surface of the inner friction ring 67 has several grooves. The inner friction ring 67 rubs tightly against the outer friction ring 66. By setting the outer friction ring 66 and the inner friction ring 67, a unique friction transmission and overload protection system is formed. The outer friction ring 66 is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material, and the inner friction ring 67 is made of hardened alloy steel. The staggered groove design on the surfaces of the two significantly increases the friction contact area and transmission torque capacity. Through precise control of the friction coefficient and preload design, the smooth transmission of rotational power is achieved. At the same time, controllable relative sliding is generated when the torque is overloaded, effectively protecting the core transmission components from damage and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0026] The spraying mechanism 7 includes a wrapping cylinder 71, which is welded to the bottom of the rotating cylinder 5. The bottom of the wrapping cylinder 71 is hemispherical, and a liquid outlet ring 73 is welded to the bottom of the wrapping cylinder 71. A hemispherical cylinder 72 is welded to the bottom of the liquid outlet ring 73, and the hemispherical cylinder 72 is located in the inner cavity of the wrapping cylinder 71. A narrow gap is formed between the hemispherical cylinder 72 and the wrapping cylinder 71. By setting up the wrapping cylinder 71, the liquid outlet ring 73, and the hemispherical cylinder 72, a slurry acceleration system is formed. The wrapping cylinder 71 is integrally spun from wear-resistant stainless steel, and the hemispherical bottom conforms to the principles of fluid dynamics. Effectively reduces flow resistance; the narrow gap formed between the hemispherical cylinder 72 and the wrapping cylinder 71 generates a strong Venturi effect, significantly increasing the slurry flow rate; the outlet ring 73, acting as a precision distributor, guides the slurry evenly to each outlet pipe 74 through an optimized internal flow channel design, ensuring consistent circumferential spraying. The outer surface of the outlet ring 73 is permeated with outlet pipes 74, which are hollow, flat pipes. Several outlet pipes 74 are evenly distributed, and a spray nozzle 75 is fixed at the end of each outlet pipe 74 furthest from the outlet ring 73. By setting the outlet pipes 74 and spray nozzles 75, a precise slurry directional spraying system is formed. The multiple outlet pipes 74 are evenly distributed circumferentially, ensuring comprehensive and uniform polishing coverage of the deep hole inner wall; the flat pipe design effectively reduces flow resistance and energy loss; the spray nozzle 75 controls the slurry atomization degree through optimized orifice diameter and aspect ratio, achieving the best polishing impact effect.

[0027] The pressurizing mechanism 6 also includes a return mechanism 68 and a second rolling bearing 687. The return mechanism 68 includes a return pipe 681, which is welded to the upper surface of the hemispherical cylinder 72. The top end of the return pipe 681 extends to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder 4. A support frame 683 is welded to the top of the inner wall of the return pipe 681, and a blocking piece 684 is welded to the top of the support frame 683. The blocking piece 684 is a deformable rubber sheet that blocks the top opening of the return pipe 681. The second rolling bearing 687 is welded to the inner wall of the hemispherical cylinder 72, and a second permeable plate 686 is welded to the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 687. A fixing frame 685 is welded to the upper surface of the 86. A second spiral blade 688 is welded to the end of the fixing frame 685. A connecting rod 682 is welded to the top of the fixing frame 685. The top of the connecting rod 682 is welded to the bottom of the rotating rod 35. By setting the return mechanism 68, intelligent pressure regulation and internal circulation control of the slurry are realized. The return pipe 681 is made of thick-walled stainless steel pipe to ensure structural integrity under pressure fluctuations. The deformable blocking plate 684 is made of special oil-resistant rubber precision molding and has accurate pressure-deformation characteristics. It automatically opens to release pressure when the system pressure reaches the preset threshold to prevent system overpressure and ensure safe operation of the equipment. A high-performance two-stage pressurization system is constructed by setting up a second rolling bearing 687, a second permeable plate 686, a fixed frame 685, and a second spiral blade 688. The second rolling bearing 687 is a heavy-duty angular contact bearing, which provides reliable rotational support and axial positioning. The second permeable plate 686 adopts a microporous structure design to generate a higher degree of throttling effect. The second spiral blade 688 further enhances the rotational kinetic energy and pressure energy of the slurry by optimizing the blade profile and installation angle, so as to realize deep pressurization and energy recovery of the slurry.

[0028] The liquid suction mechanism 8 includes a connecting ring 81, which is welded to the lower surface of the hemispherical cylinder 72. A telescopic tube 82 is welded to the lower surface of the connecting ring 81, and a funnel 83 is welded to the bottom end of the telescopic tube 82. A barrier ring 84 is welded to the inner wall of the funnel 83, and a sieve cylinder 85 is welded to the upper surface of the barrier ring 84. An inlet pipe 86 penetrates the outer surface of the funnel 83, and a water inlet hole 87 is provided on the lower surface of the inlet pipe 86. By setting the connecting ring 81 and the telescopic tube 82, a flexible connection and adaptive adjustment between the liquid suction mechanism 8 and the liquid spraying mechanism 7 are achieved. The connecting ring 81 adopts a flange structure to ensure connection rigidity and sealing. The telescopic tube 82 adopts a bellows design, which has good axial compensation capability and can adapt to changes in deep hole structures of different depths, maintaining the optimal working distance between the water inlet hole 87 and the bottom of the hole. A multi-stage, high-efficiency slurry recovery and precision filtration system is constructed by setting up a funnel 83, a barrier ring 84, and a sieve cylinder 85. The barrier ring 84 prevents large particles and metal debris from entering the recovery system. The sieve cylinder 85 adopts a multi-layer filter structure to achieve precise separation of abrasive and impurities, ensuring the purity of the recovered abrasive. A highly efficient negative pressure liquid suction channel is established by setting up an inlet pipe 86 and water inlets 87. The streamlined design inside the inlet pipe 86 reduces flow loss, and the multiple water inlets 87 adopt an optimized distribution pattern to ensure the uniformity, thoroughness, and continuity of slurry recovery.

[0029] A polishing process for deep hole machining includes the following steps: Step 1: First, pour the slurry containing abrasive into the deep hole. Then, fix the support ring 1 above the deep hole and ensure that the washer 2 is in close contact with the end face of the deep hole to form a stable support. Then, check the position of the sealing ring 11 to ensure that it can effectively seal the opening of the deep hole. Start the hydraulic cylinder 31 for testing, so that the moving rod 32 and the sliding frame 33 drive the connecting cylinder 4 and the rotating cylinder 5 to descend initially. Adjust the equipment to standby state. Step 2: Start the hydraulic cylinder 31 of the lifting mechanism 3 to slowly lower the moving rod 32, driving the connecting cylinder 4 and the rotating cylinder 5 into the deep hole until the spraying mechanism 7 approaches the polishing start position. At the same time, turn on the stepper motor 34 to drive the rotating cylinder 5 to rotate through the rotating rod 35. The speed is controlled at 100-200 rpm. During this process, the first spiral blade 65 of the pressurizing mechanism 6 begins to pre-pressurize the slurry as it rotates. The entire descent and rotation start process lasts about 2 to 3 minutes to ensure the stable operation of the equipment. Step 3: Under the action of the pressurizing mechanism 6, the slurry is pressurized by the first permeable plate 64 and the first spiral blade 65, and then enters the spraying mechanism 7. The high-pressure slurry then enters the enclosing cylinder 71 of the spraying mechanism 7. In the narrow gap formed by the hemispherical cylinder 72 and the enclosing cylinder 71, the slurry velocity is further increased, and then it is evenly distributed to each outlet pipe 74 through the outlet ring 73. Finally, the slurry is sprayed from the spray nozzle 75 at a specific angle and high speed onto the inner wall of the deep hole, achieving all-round and uniform polishing of the hole wall during the rotation of the equipment. At the same time, the suction mechanism 8 is activated, absorbing the used slurry through the funnel 83 and the inlet pipe 86, and the sieve cylinder 85 filters out large particles of impurities. The return mechanism 68 works simultaneously, and part of the slurry is recycled and reused through the return pipe 681. The slurry that has undergone primary pressurization continues to flow downwards and enters the secondary pressurization system composed of the second permeable plate 686 and the second spiral blade 688. Supported by the precision of the second rolling bearing 687, this system deeply pressurizes the slurry to achieve the optimal spray pressure. When the system pressure exceeds the set value, the blocking plate 684 in the return mechanism 68 automatically opens, achieving pressure regulation and safety protection. The lifting mechanism 3 continuously and slowly raises or lowers the equipment, ensuring that the polishing area covers the entire inner wall of the deep hole. This combined motion of rotary spraying and axial movement, along with the continuous supply and recovery of the slurry, achieves high-quality and high-efficiency polishing of the inner wall of deep holes. By precisely controlling parameters such as rotational speed, feed rate, and slurry pressure, the equipment can adapt to deep hole polishing operations with different materials and precision requirements. Step 4: After polishing is completed, first stop the slurry supply and stepper motor 34 to stop the rotating cylinder 5 from rotating. Then, start hydraulic cylinder 31 to lift moving rod 32 and slowly move connecting cylinder 4 and rotating cylinder 5 out of the deep hole. During the lifting process, the liquid suction mechanism 8 continues to absorb the residual slurry. After the equipment is completely removed, clean the spraying mechanism 7 and the liquid suction mechanism 8 and check for wear.

[0030] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A polishing device for deep hole machining, characterized in that, include: Support ring (1), the upper surface of which is provided with a lifting mechanism (3) for lifting and lowering. Connecting cylinder (4), which is fixed at the bottom end of lifting mechanism (3), and rotating cylinder (5) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of connecting cylinder (4). A pressurizing mechanism (6) is used to increase the pressure of the sprayed water. The pressurizing mechanism (6) is located in the inner cavity of the rotating cylinder (5). The spraying mechanism (7) is used to spray a slurry containing abrasive particles onto the inner wall of a deep hole. The spraying mechanism (7) is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating cylinder (5). Liquid suction mechanism (8) is used to absorb slurry containing abrasive particles inside deep holes. The liquid suction mechanism (8) is fixed at the bottom end of the liquid spraying mechanism (7). The lifting mechanism (3) includes a stepper motor (34), and a rotating rod (35) is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor (34) via a coupling. The rotating rod (35) extends to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder (4). A connecting frame (36) is welded to the lower surface of the stepper motor (34), and the bottom end of the connecting frame (36) is welded to the top end of the connecting cylinder (4).

2. The polishing equipment for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A washer (2) is fixed on the lower surface of the support ring (1), a sealing ring (11) for sealing the deep hole is fixed on the outer surface of the connecting cylinder (4), a first rolling bearing (9) is welded to the bottom of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder (4), a rotating ring (10) is welded to the inner ring of the first rolling bearing (9), and the rotating ring (10) is welded to the top of the rotating cylinder (5).

3. The polishing equipment for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (3) includes two hydraulic cylinders (31), which are symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the support ring (1). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (31) is provided with a moving rod (32), and a sliding frame (33) is welded to the top of the moving rod (32). The stepper motor (34) is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding frame (33).

4. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (6) includes a top plate (61), which is welded to the bottom end of the rotating rod (35). A support rod (62) is welded to the side of the lower surface of the top plate (61). A fixing ring (63) is welded to the bottom end of the support rod (62). A first permeable plate (64) is welded to the lower surface of the fixing ring (63). A first spiral blade (65) is welded to the lower surface of the first permeable plate (64). The number of the first spiral blades (65) is several, and the several first spiral blades (65) are evenly distributed.

5. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support rod (62) is welded with an outer friction ring (66), and the outer surface of the outer friction ring (66) has several grooves. The outer surface of the outer friction ring (66) is rotatably connected with an inner friction ring (67), which is welded to the top of the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (5). The inner surface of the inner friction ring (67) has several grooves, and the inner friction ring (67) rubs tightly against the outer friction ring (66).

6. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism (7) includes a wrapping tube (71) which is welded to the bottom of the rotating tube (5). The bottom of the wrapping tube (71) is hemispherical. A liquid outlet ring (73) is welded to the bottom of the wrapping tube (71). A hemispherical tube (72) is welded to the bottom of the liquid outlet ring (73). The hemispherical tube (72) is located in the inner cavity of the wrapping tube (71). A narrow gap is formed between the hemispherical tube (72) and the wrapping tube (71).

7. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the liquid outlet ring (73) is permeated by a liquid outlet pipe (74), which is a hollow flat pipe. There are several liquid outlet pipes (74), and the several liquid outlet pipes (74) are evenly distributed. A spray nozzle (75) is fixed at one end of the liquid outlet pipe (74) away from the liquid outlet ring (73).

8. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (6) further includes a reflux mechanism (68) and a second rolling bearing (687). The reflux mechanism (68) includes a return pipe (681), which is welded to the upper surface of the hemispherical cylinder (72). The top end of the return pipe (681) extends to the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder (4). A support frame (683) is welded to the top of the inner wall of the return pipe (681), and a blocking piece (684) is welded to the top end of the support frame (683). The blocking piece (684) blocks the top opening of the return pipe (681). The blocking piece (684) is a deformable rubber sheet. The second rolling bearing (687) is welded to the inner wall of the hemispherical cylinder (72). A second permeable plate (686) is welded to the inner ring of the second rolling bearing (687). A fixing frame (685) is welded to the upper surface of the second permeable plate (686). A second spiral blade (688) is welded to the end of the fixing frame (685). A connecting rod (682) is welded to the top of the fixing frame (685). The top of the connecting rod (682) is welded to the bottom of the rotating rod (35).

9. A polishing device for deep hole machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid suction mechanism (8) includes a connecting ring (81), which is welded to the lower surface of the hemispherical cylinder (72). A telescopic tube (82) is welded to the lower surface of the connecting ring (81). A funnel (83) is welded to the bottom end of the telescopic tube (82). A barrier ring (84) is welded to the inner wall of the funnel (83). A sieve cylinder (85) is welded to the upper surface of the barrier ring (84). An inlet pipe (86) penetrates the outer surface of the funnel (83). A water inlet hole (87) is opened on the lower surface of the inlet pipe (86).

10. A polishing process for deep hole machining, characterized in that, The polishing apparatus for deep hole machining according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented by comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, pour the slurry containing abrasive into the deep hole. Then, fix the support ring (1) above the deep hole and ensure that the gasket (2) is in close contact with the end face of the deep hole to form a stable support. Then, check the position of the sealing ring (11) to ensure that it can effectively seal the opening of the deep hole. Start the hydraulic cylinder (31) for testing, so that the moving rod (32) and the sliding frame (33) drive the connecting cylinder (4) and the rotating cylinder (5) to descend initially. Adjust the equipment to standby state. Step 2: Start the hydraulic cylinder (31) of the lifting mechanism (3) to slowly lower the moving rod (32), driving the connecting cylinder (4) and rotating cylinder (5) into the deep hole until the spraying mechanism (7) approaches the polishing start position. At the same time, turn on the stepper motor (34) to drive the rotating cylinder (5) to rotate through the rotating rod (35). The speed is controlled at 200 rpm. During this process, the first spiral blade (65) of the pressurizing mechanism (6) begins to pre-pressurize the slurry as it rotates. The entire descent and rotation start process lasts for about 3 minutes to ensure the equipment runs smoothly. Step 3: Under the action of the pressurizing mechanism (6), the slurry is pressurized by the first permeable plate (64) and the first spiral blade (65), and then enters the spraying mechanism (7). The slurry is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall of the deep hole from the outlet pipe (74) and the spray nozzle (75) for polishing. At the same time, the suction mechanism (8) is activated, and the used slurry is absorbed through the funnel (83) and the inlet pipe (86). The sieve cylinder (85) filters out large particles of impurities. The return mechanism (68) works at the same time, and part of the slurry is recycled and reused through the return pipe (681). The polishing process lasts for 10-15 minutes, and the time is adjusted according to the length of the deep hole and the polishing requirements. Step 4: After polishing is completed, first stop the slurry supply and stepper motor (34) to stop the rotating cylinder (5) from rotating. Then, start the hydraulic cylinder (31) to lift the moving rod (32) and slowly move the connecting cylinder (4) and rotating cylinder (5) out of the deep hole. During the lifting process, the liquid suction mechanism (8) continues to absorb the residual slurry. After the equipment is completely removed, clean the spraying mechanism (7) and the liquid suction mechanism (8) and check the wear.

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