Wet winding rotary body composite material and preparation method thereof
By radially inserting fiber rods into the winding layup and forming chemical crosslinking and physical interlocking, the problem of insufficient interlayer bonding force in existing rotating composite materials is solved, thereby improving interlayer shear strength and resistance to delamination damage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511632124.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for preparing rotary composite materials result in low interlayer bonding strength, making them prone to delamination damage and failing to meet the requirements of engineering applications.
The wet winding method is used to improve interlayer performance by radially inserting fiber rods into the wound layers after winding, and forming chemical cross-linking and physical interlocking with the composite matrix of the wound.
It significantly improves the interlaminar shear strength of the rotating composite material, thereby enhancing the overall toughness and resistance to delamination damage of the structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN121375147A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material technology, specifically to a wet-wound rotating composite material and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites have been widely used in aerospace, automotive, chemical equipment, and nuclear fuel isotope separation due to their excellent high specific strength, high specific modulus, fatigue resistance, and designability. However, compared with traditional metallic materials, these composite materials also present some challenges in structural applications.
[0003] Analysis of material failure mechanisms reveals that this type of composite material exhibits extremely high static strength sensitivity during machining, with the risk of latent damage caused by processes such as drilling and cutting increasing exponentially compared to metallic materials. Its laminated structure design leads to significant anisotropy: load transfer between layers relies solely on the thermosetting resin matrix, resulting in relatively weak thickness-direction and interlayer bonding strength. This structural characteristic, combined with the anisotropy of thermal expansion coefficients and Poisson's ratio mismatch effect, creates high-level stress concentration zones in areas of geometric abrupt change (such as free edges, thickness transition zones, and around pores) and mechanical connections, becoming potential sources of structural failure.
[0004] It is worth noting that the interlaminar interfaces of composite materials have inherent weaknesses in terms of initial defect sensitivity, material-structure asymmetry, and deformation compatibility under operating conditions. Specifically, the tolerance for initial interlaminar defects is low, the material systems on both sides exhibit asymmetrical distribution in the out-of-plane direction, and the deformation mismatch effect under service conditions makes the interlaminar region often a weak link in the overall toughness system. These characteristics together make composite components highly susceptible to delamination damage at complex structural locations such as heterogeneous ply interfaces and end connections, constituting a key technical bottleneck restricting their engineering applications.
[0005] Existing methods for preparing rotary composite materials typically involve directly winding fiber bundles onto the surface of a mandrel and then curing them. However, wet-wound rotary composite materials prepared using this method have low interlayer bonding strength and are prone to delamination. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the interlaminar properties of the rotary composite material prepared by the existing rotary composite material preparation method are not good. The present invention provides a wet winding rotary composite material and its preparation method. The rotary composite material prepared by the method can improve the interlaminar properties (e.g., interlaminar shear strength).
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: On one hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material, comprising the following steps: Step (1): The first fiber bundle is impregnated in a resin solution, bundled, and cured to obtain a fiber rod; Step (2): The second fiber bundle is wound circumferentially and helically on the surface of the mandrel, and the layup formed by circumferential winding is used as the outermost layup to obtain the wound part. A soft material film is laid on the surface of the wound part. Step (3): Insert the fiber rod obtained in step (1) through the soft material film along the radial direction of the winding member into the winding member until the fiber rod contacts the mandrel, solidify, remove the soft material film, and cut off the excess length of the fiber rod. After post-processing, a wet-wound rotary composite material is obtained.
[0008] Optionally, in step (1), the resin solution comprises resin and organic solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the resin to the organic solvent is 1:1-5.
[0009] Optionally, in step (1), the number of fiber monofilaments in the first fiber bundle is 1k-3k.
[0010] Optionally, in step (1), the bundling includes: passing the impregnated first fiber bundle through the microporous structure.
[0011] Optionally, the diameter of the microporous structure is 0.1-0.5 mm.
[0012] Optionally, in step (1), the curing temperature is 100-300℃.
[0013] Optionally, in step (1), the diameter of the fiber rod is 0.1-0.5 mm.
[0014] Optionally, the length of the fiber rod is 1-3 cm greater than the thickness of the winding in step (2).
[0015] Optionally, in step (3), the areal density of the fiber rods in the winding is 5-25 rods / cm². 2 .
[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a wet-wound rotating composite material prepared by the above-mentioned wet-wound rotating composite material preparation method.
[0017] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The method for preparing the wet-wound rotary composite material of the present invention involves radially inserting self-made fiber rods into the layup of the wound component after winding. After curing, the radially inserted fiber rods can act as "reinforcing ribs". At the same time, chemical cross-linking and physical interlocking are formed between the surface of the fiber rods and the matrix of the wound composite material, thereby improving the interlaminar properties (e.g., interlaminar shear strength) of the rotary composite material. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the wet-winding rotating composite material of the present invention.
[0019] Figure label: 1-Core mold; 2-Second fiber bundle; 3-Soft material membrane; 4-Fiber rod. Detailed Implementation
[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material, comprising the following steps: Step (1): The first fiber bundle is impregnated in a resin solution, bundled, and cured to obtain a fiber rod; Step (2): The second fiber bundle is wound circumferentially and helically on the surface of the mandrel, and the layup formed by circumferential winding is used as the outermost layup to obtain the wound part. A soft material film is laid on the surface of the wound part. Step (3): Insert the fiber rod obtained in step (1) through the soft material film along the radial direction of the winding member into the winding member until the fiber rod contacts the mandrel, solidify, remove the soft material film, and cut off the excess length of the fiber rod. After post-processing, a wet-wound rotary composite material is obtained.
[0022] For example, in step (1), the resin solution includes resin and organic solvent, and the mass ratio of the resin to the organic solvent is 1:1-5, such as 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, etc.
[0023] For example, in step (1), the resin is at least one of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, and the organic solvent is acetone.
[0024] For example, in step (1), the resin solution further includes a curing agent, for example, diethyltoluene diamine.
[0025] For example, in step (1), the mass ratio of resin to curing agent is 100:20.
[0026] For example, in step (1), the number of fiber monofilaments in the first fiber bundle is 1k-3k, such as 1k, 1.5k, 2k, 2.5k, 3k, etc.
[0027] For example, in step (1), the fibers in the first fiber bundle are at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber.
[0028] For example, in step (1), the bundling includes: passing the impregnated first fiber bundle through the microporous structure.
[0029] For example, the diameter of the microporous structure is 0.1-0.5 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.
[0030] For example, in step (1), the curing temperature is 100-300℃, such as 100℃, 150℃, 200℃, 250℃, 300℃, etc.
[0031] In order to enhance the "reinforcing" effect of the fiber rod, in step (1), the diameter of the fiber rod is 0.1-0.5 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.
[0032] To ensure that the fiber rod can penetrate the entire thickness of the winding, preferably, the length of the fiber rod is 1-3 cm longer than the thickness of the winding in step (2), and the excess length can be cut off after curing.
[0033] For example, the length of the fiber rod is 2-5cm, such as 2cm, 2.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm, 4cm, 4.5cm, 5cm, etc.
[0034] For example, in step (2), the second fiber bundle can be prepared by the following steps: impregnating the fibers in a resin solution to obtain the second fiber bundle.
[0035] For example, in step (2), the resin solution includes a resin and a curing agent, wherein the resin is at least one of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, and the curing agent is m-phenylenediamine.
[0036] For example, in step (2), the weight ratio of resin to curing agent is 100:15.
[0037] For example, in step (2), the fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber.
[0038] For example, in step (2), a winding machine is used to hold the mandrel and the fiber bundles are wound circumferentially and helically on the surface of the mandrel.
[0039] In this invention, the alternating circumferential and helical winding method in step (2) can be carried out in a conventional manner in the art.
[0040] For example, the alternating circumferential and spiral winding specifically includes: first winding 1-n layers circumferentially, and then winding 1-m layers spirally, where n and m are each an independent integer from 2 to 10, for example, n and m are each an independent integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
[0041] For example, in step (2), the thickness of the winding element is 2-20mm, such as 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, etc.
[0042] For example, in step (2), the flexible material membrane is one of polyvinyl fluoride membrane, polypropylene membrane, and polyimide membrane.
[0043] It should be noted that, in this invention, the function of the soft material film is to position the winding component, so as to facilitate the insertion of fiber rods into the winding component's layup.
[0044] For example, the thickness of the flexible material film is 0.1-0.5 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.
[0045] To facilitate the removal of the flexible material film after curing, preferably, the side of the flexible material film in contact with the outermost layup is coated with a release agent.
[0046] It should be noted that the present invention does not specifically limit the type of release agent, as long as it can achieve the release effect and can easily remove the soft material film after curing.
[0047] To further improve the interlaminar properties of the composite material, preferably, in step (3), the areal density of the fiber rods in the winding is 5-25 rods / cm². 2 For example, 5 roots / cm 2 8 roots / cm 2 10 roots / cm 2 12 roots / cm 2 14 roots / cm 2 15 roots / cm 2 16 roots / cm 2 18 roots / cm 2 20 pieces / cm 2 22 roots / cm 2 24 roots / cm 2 25 pieces / cm 2 Etc. Further preferred is 10-15 strands / cm. 2 .
[0048] In order to better improve the interlayer performance of the rotating composite material, preferably, the fiber rods are evenly distributed in the winding layup.
[0049] For example, in step (3), the curing temperature is 100-300℃, such as 100℃, 150℃, 200℃, 250℃, 300℃, etc.
[0050] For example, in step (3), the post-processing includes: polishing the surface of the winding, then coating the surface of the winding with a layer of light-curing resin, and then performing UV curing.
[0051] For example, the photocurable resin is a polyacrylic acid resin.
[0052] It should be noted that the purpose of coating the surface of the wound part with a layer of light-cured resin in the post-processing step is for aesthetic purposes.
[0053] Secondly, the present invention also provides a wet-wound rotating composite material prepared by the above-mentioned wet-wound rotating composite material preparation method.
[0054] The interlaminar shear strength of wet-wound rotating composite materials is 55-80 MPa, such as 55 MPa, 60 MPa, 70 MPa, 80 MPa, etc.
[0055] The following specific embodiments further illustrate the wet-wound rotating composite material and its preparation method of the present invention.
[0056] In the following examples and comparative examples, E51 epoxy resin was purchased from Nantong Xingchen WSR618.
[0057] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material, including the following steps: (1) Mix resin (epoxy resin, E51 epoxy resin: diethyltoluene diamine = 100:20) and acetone in a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a resin solution. Impregnate the fiber bundle (the number of fiber monofilaments is 1k) in the resin solution, bundle it through a microporous structure with a diameter of 0.2 mm, and then cure it at 100°C to obtain a fiber rod with a diameter of 0.2 mm. Cut it to control its length to 3 cm. (2) The fiber (carbon fiber, T700SC-12k) is impregnated in resin solution (epoxy resin, E51 epoxy resin: m-phenylenediamine = 100:15) to obtain a fiber bundle. The mandrel is clamped by a winding machine, and the fiber bundle is first wound 5 layers circumferentially on the surface of the mandrel, then wound 2 layers spirally, and then wound 4 layers circumferentially, then wound 1 layer spirally, and finally wound 1 layer circumferentially to complete the winding and obtain a wound part (thickness of 3mm). A layer of soft material film (polyvinyl fluoride film, thickness of 0.2mm) is laid on the surface of the wound part. The side of the soft material film that is in contact with the outermost layer is coated with a release agent. (3) Insert the fiber rods radially through the soft material film into the layup of the winding until they contact the mandrel of the winding. The fiber rods are evenly distributed in the winding and have an areal density of 10 rods / cm². 2 Then, it is cured at 100℃. After curing, the soft material film is removed and the excess length of the fiber rod is cut off. Then, the surface of the winding is polished, and then a layer of light-curing resin (polyacrylic resin, UT95830) is coated on the surface of the winding and UV-cured to obtain a wet-wound rotary composite material.
[0058] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material similar to that in Embodiment 1, except that step (1) is different. Step (1) is as follows: (1) Mix resin (epoxy resin, E51 epoxy resin: diethyltoluene diamine = 100:20) and acetone in a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a resin solution. Impregnate the fiber bundle (the number of fiber monofilaments is 3k) in the resin solution, bundle it through a microporous structure with a diameter of 0.4 mm, and then cure it at 150°C to obtain a fiber rod with a diameter of 0.4 mm. Cut it to control its length to 3 cm.
[0059] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material similar to that in Embodiment 1, except that the areal density of the fiber rods in the wound component in step (3) is 15 rods / cm². 2 .
[0060] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material similar to that in Embodiment 1, except that the areal density of the fiber rods in the winding in step (3) is 5 rods / cm². 2 .
[0061] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material similar to that in Embodiment 1, except that the areal density of the fiber rods in the wound component in step (3) is 25 rods / cm².2 .
[0062] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material, comprising the following steps: Fibers (carbon fiber, T700SC-12k) are impregnated in a resin solution (epoxy resin, E51 epoxy resin: m-phenylenediamine = 100:15) to obtain fiber bundles. A winding machine is used to clamp a mandrel, and the fiber bundles are first wound 5 layers circumferentially on the surface of the mandrel, then wound 2 layers spirally, and then wound 4 layers circumferentially, then wound 1 layer spirally, and finally wound 1 layer circumferentially to complete the winding, resulting in a wound part (thickness of 3mm). The wound part is then cured at 100°C, and then a layer of UV-curable resin (polyacrylic resin, UT95830) is coated on the surface of the wound part and UV-cured to obtain the wet-wound rotary composite material.
[0063] The performance of the wet-wound rotating composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples was tested using the following methods: Interlaminar shear strength: Test method for mechanical properties of fiber-wound reinforced composite materials in ring specimens, GB / T 1458-2023. Performance test results are shown in Table 1.
[0064] Table 1
[0065] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the wet-wound rotary composite material prepared by the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention has higher interlaminar shear strength. That is, the preparation method provided by the present invention can improve the interlaminar properties of the wet-wound rotary composite material.
[0066] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): The first fiber bundle is impregnated in a resin solution, bundled, and cured to obtain a fiber rod; Step (2): The second fiber bundle is wound circumferentially and helically on the surface of the mandrel, and the layup formed by circumferential winding is used as the outermost layup to obtain the wound part. A soft material film is laid on the surface of the wound part. Step (3): Insert the fiber rod obtained in step (1) through the soft material film along the radial direction of the winding member into the winding member until the fiber rod contacts the mandrel, solidify, remove the soft material film, and cut off the excess length of the fiber rod. After post-processing, a wet-wound rotary composite material is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the resin solution includes resin and organic solvent, and the mass ratio of the resin to the organic solvent is 1:1-5.
3. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the number of fiber monofilaments in the first fiber bundle is 1k-3k.
4. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the bundling includes: passing the impregnated first fiber bundle through the microporous structure.
5. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the microporous structure is 0.1-0.5 mm.
6. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the curing temperature is 100-300℃.
7. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the diameter of the fiber rod is 0.1-0.5 mm.
8. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the fiber rod is 1-3 cm greater than the thickness of the winding in step (2).
9. The method for preparing a wet-wound rotating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the areal density of the fiber rods in the winding is 5-25 rods / cm². 2 .
10. A wet-wound rotary composite material prepared by the method for preparing a wet-wound rotary composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.