Butt joint method of lifting appliance

Abstract

The invention provides a butt joint method of a lifting appliance, which realizes butt joint between the lifting appliance and a lifted object, and comprises the following steps of: determining a counter weight and a test weight according to a rated load of a winch device, testing four winches, locking the upper end of a locking rod in a butt joint device, a sliding block and a cargo, and locking the sliding block and the cargo. The driving motor rotates and drives the butt joint cylinder body and the connector to rotate, so that a connecting block on the connector is in butt joint with a butt joint piece on a cargo, when an emergency situation occurs, the manual release device is started to enable the sliding block to move, the locking rod is separated from the sliding block, and the output end of the driving motor freely rotates; the winch device takes up a rope to drive the butt joint device to move upwards, a cone in the butt joint guiding device abuts against a conical part under the guiding effect of the conical part on the lifting appliance, butt joint of the butt joint device and the lifting appliance is achieved, and butt joint accuracy is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lifting devices, in particular to a docking method of a lifting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] When using a lifting device to lift, sometimes due to the limitation of lifting space, the lifting device is not convenient to directly contact with the goods for lifting, and the winch device needs to release the lifting hook through the lifting device, and the lifting hook contacts with the goods in the mode of lifting, and the winch device needs to be installed on the lifting device, and the space on the lifting device is needed to place the winch device, and at the same time, the overall structural strength of the lifting device must be ensured not to be affected, and the problem of insufficient strength of the lifting device during loading cannot be caused by adding installation space; The lifting hook needs to be manually docked with the goods, which greatly increases the docking difficulty of the lifting hook and the goods, so the lifting hook is replaced by a docking device, which generally needs to be inserted into the docking hole of the goods. The docking device generally includes a docking head and a docking body, and a motor is arranged in the docking body. The docking head is rotated by the motor to complete the clamping of the docking head and the goods. Since the winch device is connected with the docking device by a steel wire rope, the steel wire rope is a flexible connection, and when the lifting device docking device is lifted to the corresponding position of the lifting device by the winch device, it is easy to swing, so the docking guide device is needed to fix the docking device, so that the flexible connection between the winch device and the docking device is changed to rigid connection.

[0003] As disclosed in the patent document with patent application number 202311252752.2 and publication date of December 22, 2023, a lifting device and a lifting equipment, the lifting device includes a base and a plurality of turn lock mechanisms installed on the base, the turn lock mechanism includes a turn lock pin rotatably connected to the base, a driving part fixedly installed on the base and driving the turn lock pin to rotate, and a transmission part connected between the driving part and the turn lock pin, the turn lock pin includes a rotating shaft penetrating the base, the driving part includes a driving output shaft, the center axis of the driving output shaft and the center axis of the rotating shaft are arranged in parallel with each other, and the transmission part includes a connecting rod mechanism connected between the driving output shaft and the rotating shaft. By separately providing a driving system for each turn lock pin, the lifting equipment with the lifting device has more safe and reliable performance.

[0004] The above documents only rely on motor driving the rotating pin to realize the docking, which realizes the selective locking or releasing of the hoisted object through the rotation of the rotating mechanism, but it is realized by locking the steel wire rope to stop or release the hoisted object, and it also needs to realize the docking of the hoist and the hoisted object through the hoisting structure, and it cannot realize the docking and positioning of the hoist and the hoisted object, and it cannot realize the manual release for emergency treatment when the motor does not work, and it cannot realize reliable docking when the hoist is connected with the hoisted object, and it cannot guide when the hoisted object is in contact with the hoist during the hoisting process, and since the steel wire rope is released by the winch device, if the winch device releases the steel wire rope without testing when the load exceeds the rated range, it will cause the hoisted object to be hoisted or not smoothly hoisted, which will affect the reliability of the docking of the hoisted object and the hoist. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a kind of docking method of hoist, hoist is safe and reliable, hoist and hoisted object docking reliability is good.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is: a kind of docking method of hoist, through hoist and hoisted object realize docking, the winch device is arranged on the hoist, the winch device includes four winches symmetrically arranged on the hoist, the lower end of the hoist is provided with the docking guide device connected with the steel wire rope on the winch device, the lower end of the docking guide device is connected with the docking device, the docking device includes docking cylinder and drive motor, locking rod, the body of drive motor is fixedly connected with docking cylinder, the output shaft of drive motor is connected with locking rod through sliding block, the position corresponding to sliding block of docking cylinder is provided with manual release device, the bottom of docking cylinder is provided with connecting head, locking rod passes through the middle of connecting head and is provided with connecting block outside connecting head;Method includes the following steps: S1 according to the rated load of winch device determines the counterweight and test weight, then places test weight on one winch and places counterweight on other three winches, and determines whether the running test winch has problem according to the running condition of winch with test weight, and completes the test of winch device when there is no problem; S2 the upper end of locking rod in docking device and sliding block and goods are locked, drive motor rotates and drives docking cylinder and connecting head to rotate, so that connecting block on connecting head is docked with docking piece on goods, when emergency occurs, start manual release device to make sliding block move to make locking rod and sliding block separate, and the output end of drive motor is free to rotate; S3 winch device reeling rope drives docking device to move upwards, the conical body in docking guide device is in contact with the conical part on the hoist under the guiding action of the conical part to realize the docking of the docking device and the hoist.

[0007] The above setting is tested before the hoist is connected with the hoisted object, then the connection with the cargo is realized through the connecting device, and finally the connecting device is connected with the hoist through the steel wire rope winding to test the reliability of the winding of the winch device to ensure the stability of the winding, prevent the influence of unstable winding of the winch device on the stability of the subsequent cargo connection, and lock the output shaft of the driving motor with the cargo through the locking rod in the connecting device during the cargo connection process, so that the driving motor rotates to drive the connecting cylinder to rotate to realize the rotation of the connecting head, the rotation of the connecting head drives the connection of the connecting block and the connecting piece on the cargo, and when an emergency occurs in the connecting device or other devices, only the manual release device on the device needs to be operated to disconnect the locking rod and the sliding block to realize that the driving motor no longer drives the connecting head to rotate, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the connection between the connecting device and the cargo. After the cargo is connected with the connecting device, the winch device is started to drive the steel wire rope winding to drive the conical body in the connecting guide device to abut against the bottom of the hoist under the guidance of the conical table, thereby realizing the rigid connection of the steel wire rope and ensuring the reliability of the connection between the connecting device and the hoist. Through the adjustment of the three aspects, the connection method of the whole hoist is reliable, and the safety of the hoist is high.

[0008] Further, the connecting guide device includes a conical part connected to each side of the hoist, the tail end of the steel wire rope is provided with a rope ring, one side of the rope ring is connected with the conical body, the conical part is matched with the conical body, and the other side of the rope ring is connected with the connecting device. Further, the hoist includes a base, a winch mounting seat is arranged in the middle of the base, the winch device includes a winch driving device and a guide wheel, and the winch mounting seat is used for mounting the winch driving device.

[0009] The above setting is tested before the hoist is connected with the hoisted object, then the connection with the cargo is realized through the connecting device, and finally the connecting device is connected with the hoist through the steel wire rope winding to test the reliability of the winding of the winch device to ensure the stability of the winding, prevent the influence of unstable winding of the winch device on the stability of the subsequent cargo connection, and lock the output shaft of the driving motor with the cargo through the locking rod in the connecting device during the cargo connection process, so that the driving motor rotates to drive the connecting cylinder to rotate to realize the rotation of the connecting head, the rotation of the connecting head drives the connection of the connecting block and the connecting piece on the cargo, and when an emergency occurs in the connecting device or other devices, only the manual release device on the device needs to be operated to disconnect the locking rod and the sliding block to realize that the driving motor no longer drives the connecting head to rotate, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the connection between the connecting device and the cargo. After the cargo is connected with the connecting device, the winch device is started to drive the steel wire rope winding to drive the conical body in the connecting guide device to abut against the bottom of the hoist under the guidance of the conical table, thereby realizing the rigid connection of the steel wire rope and ensuring the reliability of the connection between the connecting device and the hoist. Through the adjustment of the three aspects, the connection method of the whole hoist is reliable, and the safety of the hoist is high.

[0010] Further, the connecting guide device includes a conical part connected to each side of the hoist, the tail end of the steel wire rope is provided with a rope ring, one side of the rope ring is connected with the conical body, the conical part is matched with the conical body, and the other side of the rope ring is connected with the connecting device.

[0011] The above arrangement, when the winch device retracts and releases the steel wire rope to drive the rope ring to move, the conical body is in contact with the conical part, and the conical hole is a conical guide hole structure, so that the conical body entering the conical hole has a guiding effect, thereby automatically generating the effect of centering. Even if there is a certain deviation in the initial position, the conical body will automatically adjust the position along the inclined surface of the conical part, and finally realize accurate centering. The first through hole and the second through hole are connected and the centers are located on the same axis, which ensures that the steel wire rope passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, and the steel wire rope can move along a straight line when passing through the two through holes, reducing the friction between the steel wire rope and the through hole wall.

[0012] Further, the first cavity of the docking cylinder is provided with a connecting plate, and the body of the driving motor is connected with the connecting plate through fasteners.

[0013] The above arrangement, the first cavity is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate can provide a mounting position for the driving motor, and the connecting plate is connected with the docking cylinder. When the driving motor output shaft is fixed, the driving motor is started, and the driving motor can drive the docking cylinder to rotate through the connecting plate.

[0014] Further, the driving motor output shaft is provided with a flat key shaft, the sliding block is provided with a first groove, the first groove is in sliding connection with the flat key shaft, and the length of the first groove is longer than the length of the flat key shaft.

[0015] The above arrangement, the driving motor output shaft is a flat key shaft, the first groove is matched with the flat key shaft, and the driving motor and the sliding block are fixed in the circumferential direction by means of the flat key shaft structure, so that the driving motor power can be stably transmitted to the sliding block. The length of the first groove is longer than that of the flat key shaft, so that when the driving motor is in a stationary state, the sliding block can move vertically relative to the driving motor output shaft by virtue of the redundant length of the first groove, without affecting the circumferential fixation brought by the flat key connection, and meeting the needs of the sliding block to independently adjust the vertical position under certain working conditions. When the sliding block moves, the extra length of the first groove provides a moving position for the sliding block.

[0016] Further, the sliding block is detachably connected with the locking rod, the top of the locking rod is provided with a locking connecting block, the locking connecting block is a square structure, and the bottom of the sliding block is provided with a matching assembly hole.

[0017] The above arrangement, when the locking connecting block extends into the assembly hole, the locking connecting block and the assembly hole are both square structures, the side of the square locking connecting block closely fits the inner wall of the assembly hole, the torque is directly transmitted to the locking rod, and the synchronous action of the two is realized. When the driving motor is not started, the sliding block and the locking rod can remain relatively stationary, and will not rotate accidentally due to external disturbance. Therefore, when the locking rod is fixed, the slider and the drive motor output shaft form a rigid whole. In this state, if there is an external force or drive motor output torque, because the drive motor output shaft and the slider are indirectly fixed by the locking rod and cannot rotate, according to the principle of action and reaction, the body of the drive motor will rotate relative to the fixed drive motor output shaft and locking rod, thereby realizing the transmission action of the drive motor output shaft fixed and the drive motor body rotating.

[0018] Further, the connecting head is provided with a third cavity, the locking block is provided with a locking protrusion, the locking protrusion is located in the third cavity, and the locking protrusion abuts against the connecting head; the locking rod is provided with a locking block at the position of the through hole, the counterpiece includes a counterpiece locking hole and a counterpiece connecting plate, a counterpiece connecting groove is formed between the two counterpiece connecting plates, the counterpiece locking hole is matched with the locking block, the counterpiece connecting groove is matched with the connecting block, and the counterpiece locking hole is located below the counterpiece connecting plate.

[0019] The above arrangement, the locking protrusion abuts against the connecting head, through the direct contact of the abutting surface, the gravity of the locking block can be uniformly transmitted to the connecting head through the locking protrusion, without relying on other auxiliary load-bearing components.

[0020] When the locking rod extends into the counterpiece, the locking block extends into the counterpiece connecting hole to complete the butt joint, so that the locking rod does not rotate, and the drive motor output shaft does not rotate, the connecting block enters the counterpiece connecting groove formed by the two counterpiece connecting plates at the same time, then the drive motor operates, so that the body of the drive motor rotates relative to the drive motor output shaft, and then drives the connecting block to rotate, through the rotating connecting block, the connecting block is rotated from the counterpiece connecting groove position to the counterpiece connecting plate position, and abuts against the counterpiece connecting plate.

[0021] Further, the winch device includes front side winches and rear side winches, two front side winches are symmetrically distributed along one side of the spreader, the front side winches and the rear side winches located at the same end of the spreader are symmetrically distributed, two rear side winches are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the spreader, the front side winches and the rear side winches are symmetrically distributed, and step S1 includes: determining the weights of the counterweight G4 and the test weight G5 according to the rated load G1 of the front side winch and the rear side winch, the weight of the test weight G5 is greater than that of the counterweight G4, and the counterweight G4 is greater than or equal to the rated load G1; one winch to be tested carries the test weight G5, and the other three winches carry the counterweight G4; the winch carrying the test weight G5 is operated for test, if the winch for test has a problem, the winch to be replaced is determined to be replaced and withdrawn; if the winch for test has no problem, the test weight G5 carried by the winch for test and the counterweight G4 carried by another winch are interchanged, and then another winch carrying the interchanged weight G5 is operated for test, if the winch for test has a problem, the winch to be replaced is determined to be replaced.

[0022] The above arrangement, two front winches are symmetrically distributed along one side of the spreader, two rear winches are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the spreader, the front winches and the rear winches are symmetrically distributed, so that the four lifting points on the spreader are in the form of rectangular distribution, so that the four lifting points can form a test scene for testing the winch, without complex equipment or frequent disassembly of the winch operation during testing, only need to hang a test weight G5 on a winch to be tested during testing, and hang counterweight G4 on the other three winches, then make the test weight G5 greater than the rated load, let one winch hang the test weight G5, and the other three side winches hang the counterweight G4, during the test winch operation, the test weight G5 is always located on the ground; when the tension of the counterweight G4 acting on the other three winches, since the counterweight G4 is connected to the other winches by a traction rope, the total tension generated by the test winch during the lifting of the test weight G5 is equal to the weight of the test weight G5. The tension of the test weight G5 is transmitted to the other three winches through the spreader, but since the counterweight G4 on the other three winches is also greater than or equal to the rated load, the other load cannot be separated from the ground. If the test winch runs normally, such as the weight of the test winch does not separate from the ground, then the test winch is in normal condition, then test another winch by interchanging the load, without disassembling and checking multiple winches, on the contrary, if the test winch is in abnormal condition, then replace the winch after determining the winch that needs to be replaced, without complex operation to build a test platform, and after testing one, disassemble and test the winch, then test the next winch, so that the whole test efficiency is high, and since the winch is directly tested in the actual use of the hoist, the whole test accuracy is high.

[0023] Further, S11 tests the front winch: one front winch is hung with a test weight G5, two rear winches and another front winch are hung with a counterweight G4, the front winch hung with the test weight G5 is tested, if the test front winch runs normally, then interchange the test weight G5 hung by the test front winch and the counterweight G4 hung by the other front winch, after interchanging, the other front winch hung with the test weight G5 is run, if the test front winch has a problem, determine the front winch to be replaced and replace it; S12 tests the rear winch: two front winches and another rear winch are loaded with the counterweight G4, the test weight G5 is loaded on the rear winch, the test rear winch is operated, if the test rear winch is not problematic, the test weight G5 loaded on the test rear winch and the counterweight G4 loaded on another rear winch are interchanged, the other rear winch loaded with the counterweight G4 is operated, if the test rear winch is problematic, the rear winch to be replaced is determined and replaced.

[0024] The above arrangement, by testing the winch without complex equipment or frequent disassembly of the winch, first tests two winches, if one of the winches is not problematic, the other winch is replaced for testing, after testing the winch, two other winches are tested, and one of the other winches is tested first and the other is tested later, so that the problems of the winch can be determined in order.

[0025] Further, before step S11, it further includes: S10 determines the weight of the test weight G2 and the counterweight G3 according to the rated load G1 of the front winch and the rear winch, the weight of the counterweight G3 is greater than the weight of the test weight G2, and the weight of the test weight G2 is greater than the weight of the rated load G1, two front winches are loaded with the test weight G2, and two rear winches are loaded with the counterweight G3, the front winch is operated for testing, if the front winch is problematic, S11 is performed, and if the test is not problematic, the front winch is subjected to overload test L1; Before step S12, it further includes: S120 two rear winches are loaded with the test weight G2, and two front winches are loaded with the counterweight G3, the rear winch is operated for testing, if the rear winch is problematic, S12 is performed, and if the test is not problematic, the rear winch is subjected to overload test L2.

[0026] The above arrangement, before testing a single winch, two front winches are tested first, since the test weights loaded on the two front winches are of the same weight, the upper end balance condition and the lower end condition of the two front winches loaded with the same weight are determined, if the balance condition is good and the lower end does not leave the ground, it is determined that the front winch is not problematic, then each front winch is tested separately in step S21, so as to further confirm which winch is problematic. Before testing a single rear winch, test both rear winches first. Since the test loads on both rear winches are of the same weight, it is possible to determine the upper balance of the two rear winches with the same load and whether the lower end has left the ground. If the balance is good and the winches have not left the ground, it is determined that there is no problem with the rear winches. Then, if there is no problem with the rear winches, each rear winch is tested separately in step S22 to further confirm which winch is causing the problem. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lifting device and the docking guide device in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the conical portion and the conical body in this invention.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the docking device in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the docking device in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the docking cylinder in this invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the docking component in this invention.

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 7 CC cross-section view.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a side view of the lifting device during winch testing in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the winch on the lifting device in this invention.

[0039] Figure 13 This is a top view of the lifting device in this invention.

[0040] Figure 14A side view of the lifting appliance in the present application Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 15 A flow chart of the present application.

[0042] Brief description of drawings: 1-lifting appliance; 11b-second through hole; 11-base; 111-winch mount; 12-winch drive device; 13-hinge seat; 2-winch device, 21-guide wheel; 22-steel wire rope; 23-front winch; 24-rear winch; 3-conical part; 31-first through hole; 32-abutment part; 4-conical body; 41-guide part; 42-third through hole; 43-clamping part; 5-rope ring; 51-ring part; 52-extended part; 1a-butting cylinder; 11a-first cavity; 12a-connection shaft; 13a-connection head; 131a-connection block; 1311a-first locking protrusion; 14a-connection plate; 15a-arc-shaped slot; 151a-second recess; 2a-driving motor; 21a-driving motor output shaft; 3a-bearing seat; 31a-fastener; 32a-bolt hole; 33a-second through hole; 4a-bolt seat; 5a-pin shaft; 6a-sliding block; 61a-first recess; 62a-fitting hole; 7a-locking rod; 71a-locking connection block; 72a-locking block; 73a-first locking block; 8a-butting piece; 81a-butting locking frame; 82a-butting connection recess; 83a-butting locking hole; 831a-notch part; 84a-first butting locking hole; 9a-unlocking connecting rod; 91a-unlocking handle; 3b-ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example one.

[0044] As Figures 1-14 shown, a butting method of a lifting appliance, comprising butting the lifting appliance 1 with goods, the lifting appliance is provided with a winch device 2, the winch device 2 is used for winding and unwinding a steel wire rope, the winch device 2 is located on the lifting appliance 1, the lifting appliance 1 comprises a base 11, the base 11 is provided with a winch mount 111 in the middle part, the winch device 2 comprises a winch drive device 12 and a guide wheel 21, the winch mount 111 is used for mounting the winch drive device, the winch drive device 12 is a winch drive motor, the winch drive device drives the winch to rotate to realize winding and unwinding of the steel wire rope, the lower end of the lifting appliance 1 is provided with a butting guide device, the lower end of the butting guide device is connected with the upper end of a butting device, the lower end of the butting device is connected with a connecting piece on the upper end of the goods.

[0045] As Figures 1-4As shown, the docking guide device includes four conical portions 3, which are arranged along the four sides of the spreader 1 and connected to the spreader 1. The tail end of the steel wire rope 22 is provided with a rope ring 5, which is connected to the conical body 4. The conical portion 3 is matched with the conical body 4. The winch device 2 retracts and releases the steel wire rope 22 to drive the rope ring 5 to move, so that the conical body 4 abuts against the conical portion 3.

[0046] The top of the conical portion 3 is provided with a first through hole 31, and the spreader 1 is provided with a second through hole 11b. The first through hole 31 and the second through hole 11b are connected and the centers are located on the same axis. The first through hole 31 and the second through hole 11b are connected and the centers are located on the same axis, which ensures that the steel wire rope 22 can move along a straight line when passing through the two through holes, reducing the friction between the steel wire rope 22 and the through hole wall.

[0047] The guide wheel 21 of the winch device 2 is located on one side of the second through hole 11b. The guide wheel 21 is used for the steel wire rope 22 to pass through. The main function of the guide wheel 21 is to change the movement direction of the steel wire rope 22, so that the steel wire rope 22 can pass through the first through hole 31 from the second through hole 11b.

[0048] The conical portion 3 includes an abutting portion 32. The cross-sectional area of the conical portion 3 gradually decreases from the abutting portion 32 to the first through hole 31. The cross-sectional area of the conical portion 3 gradually decreases from the abutting portion 32 to the first through hole 31, forming a guide slope. This slope can guide the conical body 4 to smoothly enter the conical portion 3, reduce the positional deviation during docking, and improve the docking accuracy.

[0049] The conical body 4 includes a guide portion 41 and a clamping portion 43. The guide portion 41 is located at the top of the conical body 4, and the clamping portion 43 is located below the guide portion 41. The cross-sectional area of the clamping portion 43 is greater than that of the inner side wall of the abutting portion 32. The guide portion 41 is located at the top of the conical body 4, so that the conical body 4 can more smoothly enter the conical portion 3 when approaching the conical portion 3, thereby reducing the positional deviation during docking and improving the docking accuracy. Because the cross-sectional area of the clamping portion 43 is greater than that of the inner side wall of the abutting portion 32, when the clamping portion 43 on the conical body 4 abuts against the abutting portion 32 on the conical portion 3, the conical body 4 cannot move upward any more, and the rope ring 5 will not loosen or shake.

[0050] The conical body 4 is fixedly connected with the rope ring 5, the third through hole 42 is arranged in the middle of the conical body 4, the rope ring 5 comprises an extending part 52 and a ring part 51, the extending part 52 is connected with the ring part 51, in an embodiment, the third through hole 42 is integrally arranged with the extending part 52, in another embodiment, the third through hole 42 is separately arranged with the extending part 52, the bottom of the extending part 52 is fixedly connected with the ring part 51, then the conical body 4 is fixedly connected with the rope ring 5 through the interference fit between the extending part 52 and the third through hole 42, the fixed connection between the conical body 4 and the rope ring 5 ensures the firm combination therebetween, so that the conical body 4 and the rope ring 5 will not be loose or separated during hoisting, when the conical body 4 extends into the conical part 3, the conical part 3 limits the conical body 4, the conical body 4 abuts against the extending part 52 through the third through hole 42, thereby limiting the rope ring 5, reducing the shaking and deviation during hoisting, and making the hoisting operation more stable.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 , the steel wire rope 22 is provided with a resisting plate 44 above the gap, the middle of the resisting plate 44 is fixedly connected with the steel wire rope 22, the two sides of the resisting plate 44 abut against the inner side wall of the conical hole, and a gap exists between the lower side of the resisting plate 44 and the top surface of the conical body 4.

[0052] As shown in Figures 5-10 , the docking device comprises a docking cylinder 1a, the docking cylinder 1a is provided with a first cavity 11a, a driving device is arranged in the first cavity 11a, the driving device comprises a driving motor 2a and a locking rod 7a, the body of the driving motor 2a is connected with the docking cylinder 1a, the driving motor output shaft 21a is connected with the locking rod 7a through a sliding block 6a, the docking cylinder 1a is provided with a manual release device at a position corresponding to the sliding block 6, the docking cylinder 1a is provided with a connecting head 13a at the bottom, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the connecting head 13a for the locking rod 7a to pass through, the connecting head 13a is provided with a connecting block 131a on the outside, and the object to be hoisted is provided with a docking piece 8a matched with the connecting block 131a and the locking rod 7a.

[0053] As shown in Figures 5-8 , the first cavity 11a of the docking cylinder 1a is provided with a connecting plate 14a, the body of the driving motor 2a is connected with the connecting plate 14a through a fastener 31a, the connecting plate 14a is arranged in the first cavity 11a, the arrangement of the connecting plate 14a can provide a mounting position for the driving motor 2, and the connecting plate 14a is connected with the docking cylinder 1a, when the driving motor output shaft 21a is fixed, the driving motor 2a is started, and the driving motor 2a can drive the docking cylinder 1a to rotate through the connecting plate 14a.

[0054] The flat key shaft 611 can be fixedly connected with the driving motor output shaft 21 by welding or screws, and the sliding block 6 is provided with a first groove 61 which is in sliding connection with the flat key shaft along the height direction of the first groove. The first groove 61 is provided with a sliding groove 62 matched with the flat key shaft, and the sliding groove 62 is matched with the flat key shaft to prevent the flat key shaft from rotating. The length of the first groove 61 is longer than that of the flat key shaft, so that a sliding space for the flat key shaft is formed in the first groove. The driving motor output shaft 21 is connected with the first groove through the flat key shaft, and the structure of the flat key shaft realizes the circumferential fixation of the driving motor 2a and the sliding block 6a, so as to ensure that the power of the driving motor 2a can be stably transmitted to the sliding block 6a. When the driving motor 2a is in a stationary state, the sliding block 6a can move vertically relative to the driving motor output shaft 21a by virtue of the redundant length of the first groove, which does not affect the circumferential fixation caused by the flat key connection and meets the requirement of vertical position adjustment of the sliding block 6a independently under specific working conditions. When the sliding block 6a moves, the first groove 61a provides a moving position for the sliding block 6a.

[0055] The sliding block 6a is movably connected with the locking rod 7a, and the top of the locking rod 7a is provided with a locking connecting block 71 which is a square structure. The bottom of the sliding block 6a is provided with a matching assembly hole 62a. When the locking connecting block 71a extends into the assembly hole 62a, the cross section of the locking connecting block 71a and the assembly hole 62a is a square structure, so that the side of the square locking connecting block 71a closely abuts against the inner wall of the assembly hole 62a, and the torque is directly transmitted to the locking rod 7a to realize the synchronous action of the two. When the driving motor 2a is not started, the sliding block 6a and the locking rod 7a can remain relatively stationary and will not rotate accidentally due to external disturbance. Therefore, when the locking rod 7a is fixed, the sliding block 6a and the driving motor output shaft 21a form a rigid whole. In this state, if an external force drives or the driving motor 2a outputs torque, the body of the driving motor 2a will rotate relative to the fixed driving motor output shaft 21a and locking rod 7a, so as to realize the transmission action of the fixed driving motor output shaft 21a and the rotating driving motor 2a.

[0056] As Figure 7As shown, the upper end of the connecting head 13a is provided with a third cavity, the locking rod 7a is provided with a locking block 72a, the locking block 72a is provided with a locking protrusion outwardly protruding, the locking protrusion is located in the third cavity, and the locking protrusion is in abutment with the connecting head 13. The locking protrusion is in abutment with the connecting head 13a. Through the direct contact of the abutment surfaces, the gravity of the locking block 72a can be uniformly transmitted to the connecting head 13a through the locking protrusion, without relying on other auxiliary load-bearing components.

[0057] As shown, Figure 9 As shown, the locking rod 7a is provided with a first locking block 73a at the position of the through hole. The first locking block 73a is used to abut the top of the goods to be connected. The connecting piece 8a is fixed to the top of the goods to be lifted. The connecting piece 8a includes a connecting locking frame 81a. The top of the connecting locking frame is provided with a connecting locking hole 83a and a first connecting locking hole 84a. The connecting locking hole 83a is provided with an outwardly extending notch portion 831a. The inner side wall of the connecting locking frame 81a is provided with a connecting connection groove 82a in communication with the notch portion 831a. The connecting block 131a is provided with a first locking protrusion 1311a at the position of the notch portion 831a. After the first locking protrusion 1311a is aligned with the notch portion 831a, it enters the connecting piece 81a. Then, the first locking block 73a is connected with the first connecting locking hole 84a. Through the fixation of the upper end of the locking rod 7a and the first groove 61a, the locking rod 7a cannot rotate, and the driving motor output shaft 21a cannot rotate. Then, the driving motor 2a operates, so that the body of the driving motor 2a rotates relative to the driving motor output shaft 21a, and the connecting block 131a is rotated. Through the rotation of the connecting block 131a, the connecting block 131a enters the position of the connecting connection groove 82a, so as to realize the abutment with the connecting locking frame 81a for connection.

[0058] As shown, Figures 7-9As shown, the manual release device includes an unlocking connecting rod 9a and an unlocking handle 91a, the slider 6a is fixedly connected with the unlocking connecting rod 9a on both sides, the docking cylinder body 1a is provided with an arc-shaped groove 15a corresponding to the unlocking connecting rod 9a, one side of the arc-shaped groove 15a is provided with a second groove 151a matched with the unlocking connecting rod 9a, the second groove 151a is recessed upward from the arc-shaped groove 15a, the unlocking connecting rod 9a is connected with the unlocking handle 91a outside the arc-shaped groove 15a, and an elastic element is arranged between the unlocking connecting rod 9a and the unlocking handle 91a. First, when the connecting block 131a is not abutted with the docking connecting plate 81a, the unlocking connecting rod 9a is located on the other side of the arc-shaped groove 15a relative to the second groove 151a, and when the connecting block 131a is abutted with the docking connecting plate 81a, the unlocking connecting rod 9a is located on one side of the arc-shaped groove 15a relative to the second groove 151a. If the driving motor 2a loses power and cannot be driven, the unlocking handle 91a can drive the unlocking connecting rod 9a to move upward, the unlocking connecting rod 9a reaches the second groove 151a from the arc-shaped groove 15a, the unlocking connecting rod 9a moves upward to drive the slider 6a to move upward, the slider 6a is separated from the locking connecting block 71a, the driving motor output shaft 21a loses locking, and then the unlocking connecting rod 9a is abutted with the docking cylinder body 1a. Then rotate the unlocking connecting rod 9a to drive the docking cylinder body 1a to rotate, the docking cylinder body 1a drives the connecting block 131a to rotate, so that the connecting block 131a is rotated from the docking connecting plate 81a to the position of the notch portion 831a, and then the connecting block 131a can move upward from the position of the docking connecting groove 82a without being blocked, so that the connecting block 131a is separated from the docking piece 8a; An elastic element such as a coil spring is arranged between the unlocking connecting rod 9a and the unlocking handle 91a. The coil spring is located between the unlocking connecting rod 9a and the unlocking handle 91a, and the purpose is to keep the unlocking handle 91a in the corresponding position by the elastic force of the coil spring when the unlocking handle 91a is not needed, so as to not swing with the wind.

[0059] The docking cylinder body 1a is provided with a bearing seat 3a at the upper end, the bearing seat 3a is provided with a second through hole 33a, the docking cylinder body 1a is provided with a connecting shaft 12a, the connecting shaft 12a passes through the second through hole 33a and is connected with a fastener 31a such as a nut, and the upper end of the bearing seat 3a is further provided with a latch hole 32a. The docking cylinder body 1a is provided with a connecting shaft 12, the connecting shaft 12a passes through the second through hole 33a and is connected with the fastener 31a such as a nut, the connection between the docking cylinder body 1a and the bearing seat 3a is completed, and the upper end of the bearing seat 3a is further provided with a latch hole 32a. The bearing seat 3a can be connected with the latch seat 4a of the rope ring 5 in the docking guiding device through the latch hole 32a and the latch seat 4a by the pin shaft 5a.

[0060] As Figures 10-14As shown, the winch device 2 includes front winches 23 and rear winches 24, two front winches 23 are symmetrically distributed along one side of the spreader 1, two rear winches 24 are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the spreader 1, the front winches 23 and the rear winches 24 at one end of the spreader 1 are symmetrically distributed.

[0061] A spreader docking method includes the following steps: S1 determines the weight of the counterweight and the test weight according to the rated load of the winch device 2, then places the test weight on one winch and places the counterweight on the other three winches, and determines whether the winch running the test has a problem according to the running condition of the winch hanging the test weight, and completes the test of the winch device when there is no problem.

[0062] S2 locks the upper end of the locking rod 7a in the docking device with the sliding block 6a and the cargo being lifted, drives the motor 2a to rotate and drive the docking cylinder 1a and the connecting head 13a to rotate, so that the connecting block 131a on the connecting head 13a is docked with the docking piece 8a on the cargo being lifted to realize the docking of the docking device and the cargo, and when an emergency occurs, the manual release device is started to move the sliding block so that the locking rod 7a is separated from the sliding block 6a, and the output end of the driving motor 2a rotates.

[0063] S3 The winch device 2 retracts the rope to move the docking device upward, and the conical body 4 in the docking guide device is in abutment with the conical part 3 under the guidance of the conical part 3 on the spreader to realize the docking of the docking device and the spreader.

[0064] In an embodiment, step S1 includes: determining the weight of the counterweight G4 and the test weight G5 according to the rated load G1 of the front winch 23 and the rear winch 24, the weight of the test weight G5 is greater than that of the counterweight G4, and the counterweight G4 is greater than or equal to the rated load G1; one winch to be tested hangs the test weight G5, and the other three winches hang the counterweight G4, the winch hanging the test weight G5 is tested, if the winch running the test has a problem, determine the winch to be replaced and replace it; if the winch running the test has no problem, exchange the test weight G5 hung by the winch running the test and the counterweight G4 hung by another winch, and then run the other winch hanging the exchanged weight G5, if the winch running the test has a problem, determine the winch to be replaced and replace it.

[0065] In another embodiment, step S1 is divided into front winch testing and rear winch testing, which are carried out respectively, the front winch testing includes steps S10, S11 and L1; the rear winch testing includes steps S12, S13 and L2.

[0066] S10 determines the weights of the test weight G2 and the counterweight G3 according to the rated load G1 of the front winch 23 and the rear winch 24, the weight of the counterweight G3 is greater than that of the test weight G2, the weight of the test weight G2 is greater than that of the rated load G1, two front winches 23 are loaded with the test weight G2, two rear winches 24 are loaded with the counterweight G3, the front winch 23 runs the test, if the front winch 23 has problems in running the test, S21 is performed, if the test is successful, the front winch 23 runs the overload test L1, in this step, whether the front winch running test has problems is determined by observing whether the two front winches are off the ground and whether the upper end is balanced, if the two front winches are not off the ground and the upper end is balanced, the test is successful, otherwise the test has problems.

[0067] S11 loads a front winch 23 with a test weight G5, two rear winches 24 and another front winch 23 with a counterweight G4, the front winch 23 loaded with the test weight G5 runs the test, if the test front winch 23 runs successfully, the test weight G5 loaded on the test front winch 23 and the counterweight G4 loaded on the other front winch 23 are interchanged, the other front winch 23 loaded with the test weight G5 runs after the interchanging, if the test front winch 23 has problems in running the test, the front winch 23 to be replaced is determined to be replaced; in this step, whether the front winch running test has problems is determined by observing whether the test front winch is off the ground, if the test front winch is not off the ground, the test is successful, otherwise the test has problems.

[0068] S120 two rear winches 24 are loaded with test weights G2, two front winches 23 are loaded with counterweights G3, the rear winch 24 runs the test, if the rear winch 24 has problems in the test, S12 is performed, if the test is successful, the rear winch 24 runs the overload test L2. In this step, whether the front winch running test has problems is determined by observing whether the two rear winches are off the ground and whether the upper end is balanced, if the two rear winches are not off the ground and the upper end is balanced, the test is successful, otherwise the test has problems.

[0069] S12 two front winches 23 and another rear winch 24 are loaded with counterweights G4, the rear winch 24 loaded with the test weight G5 runs the test, if the test rear winch 24 runs successfully, the test weight G5 loaded on the test rear winch 24 and the counterweight G4 loaded on the other rear winch 24 are interchanged, the other rear winch 24 loaded with the counterweight G4 runs after the interchanging, if the test rear winch 24 has problems in running the test, the rear winch 24 to be replaced is determined to be replaced. In this step, whether the rear winch running test has problems is determined by observing whether the test rear winch is off the ground, if the test rear winch is not off the ground, the test is successful, otherwise the test has problems.

[0070] In this embodiment, the weight of the test weight G2 is equal to 2 times the weight of the rated load G1, and the counterweight G3 is greater than 2.5 times the weight of the rated load G1.

[0071] Before step S1, there is also a step S01, which requires the front winch 23 and the rear winch 24 to be tested under no load, and the front winch 23 and the rear winch 24 are provided with encoders, and during the test, the data of one front winch 23 is taken as the reference K1, and the other front winch 23 and the two rear winches 24 all take the reference K1 as the reference value. The no-load test of S01 can enable the operator to intuitively observe the running fluency of the front and rear winches 24 under the premise of no load risk, and lay a foundation for the subsequent step S1. Taking the data of one front winch 23 as the reference K1, and taking the reference K1 as the reference value for the other front winch 23 and the two rear winches 24, the synchronization of the two front winches 23 and the rear winches 24 is realized, which can ensure that the spreader always maintains a horizontal state during lifting.

[0072] The front winch 23 performs an overload test L1: the test weight G2 hung by the two front winches 23 is replaced by a test weight G21, wherein the weight of the test weight G21 is 1.25 times the weight of the test weight G2, and then the front winch 23 is operated for testing. After the front winch 23 rated load test in step S1 is trouble-free, that is, the front winch does not leave the ground and the upper ends of the two front winches are in balance, the test is trouble-free. The overload test L1 is carried out by replacing the test weight G2 with the test weight G21, which is set in proportion to the test weight G2. It not only conforms to the test logic of higher rated load, but also avoids sudden excessive pressure on the front winch 23 due to excessive load span, and can also ensure that the counterweight G3 remains stable on the ground 3 during the overload test, thereby maintaining the level of the spreader. If the two front winches 23 have unstable speed during the overload test, the front winch 23 needs to be checked, that is, step S11 is entered for further checking. The overload test L2 of the rear winch 24 includes: carrying out the overload test L2 by replacing the test weight G2 with the test weight G21, which is set in proportion to the test weight G2. It not only conforms to the test logic of higher rated load, but also avoids sudden excessive pressure on the front winch 23 due to excessive load span, and can also ensure that the counterweight G3 remains stable on the ground 3 during the overload test, thereby maintaining the level of the spreader. That is, the front winch does not leave the ground and the upper ends of the two front winches are in balance, then the test is trouble-free. If the two rear winches 24 have unstable speed during the overload test, the rear winch 24 needs to be checked, that is, step S12 is entered for testing.

[0073] If the two front winches 23 and the two rear winches 24 do not appear unstable in speed during the overload test, it indicates that the winch device 2 meets the requirements.

[0074] The core purpose of step S21 is to find out the problematic equipment in the two front winches 23 when the test in step S10 is abnormal, first find out the problematic front winch 23, then run the front winch 23 with the counterweight G4, and the remaining winches with the weight G5, keep the balance of the spreader, and it can be seen whether the single front winch 23 meets the rated load G1, if it meets, test another front winch 23, mainly by interchanging the weight G5 hung by the test front winch 23 and the weight G4 hung by another front winch 24, at this time, the front winch 23 hung with the weight G4 is running, then determine the front winch 23 that needs to be replaced, and after the winch is replaced, the replaced winch is retested.

[0075] The working principle of the present application is that when the winch device 2 retracts and releases the steel wire rope 22 to move the rope ring 5, the conical body 4 and the conical part 3 abut during the movement, due to the characteristics of the conical shape, the automatic centering effect is generated. Even if there is a certain deviation in the initial position, the conical body 4 will automatically adjust the position along the slope of the conical part 3, and finally realize accurate centering and realize the docking of the docking device and the cargo being hoisted.

[0076] Because the spreader 1 and the rope ring 5 are connected by the steel wire rope 22 as a flexible connection, when the rope ring 5 hoists a weight, the conical body 4 is inserted into the conical part 3 by the winch device 2, so that the conical body 4 and the conical part 3 are closely fitted, and the conical body 4 is made of nylon material, which has good impact resistance and wear resistance, not only can reduce wear and tear in the process of frequent docking and separation, but also can absorb and disperse impact force during hoisting. With the further tensioning of the steel wire rope 22, the flexible connection gradually changes to a rigid connection, reducing the shaking and deviation during hoisting, making the hoisting operation more stable. The object to be hoisted is provided with a docking piece 8a matched with the connecting block 131a and the locking rod 7a. First, the locking rod 7a is inserted into the docking piece 8a, so that the locking rod 7a cannot rotate, and the locking rod 7a is connected with the drive motor output shaft 21a through the sliding block 6a, so that the drive motor output shaft 21a cannot rotate. The locking rod 7a is inserted into the docking piece 8a, and the connecting block 131a is also inserted into the docking piece 8a. At this time, the docking cylinder 1a is not connected with the object to be hoisted. The docking piece 8a is provided with a space for the connecting block 131a to rotate. The drive motor 2a operates, and the drive motor output shaft 21a cannot rotate, so that the drive motor 2a drives the docking cylinder 1a to rotate. The rotation of the docking cylinder 1a drives the connecting head 13a to rotate, and the connecting head 13a drives the connecting block 131a to rotate, so that the connecting block 131a enters the docking connecting groove 82a. At this time, the docking of the docking cylinder 1a and the object to be hoisted is completed. The rotation of the connecting block 131a can complete the docking of the docking cylinder 1a and the object to be hoisted. If the drive motor 2a loses power and cannot be driven, the unlocking handle 91a can drive the unlocking connecting rod 9a to move upward. The unlocking connecting rod 9a reaches the second groove 151a from the arc-shaped groove 15a. The unlocking connecting rod 9a moves upward to drive the sliding block 6a to move upward. The sliding block 6a is separated from the locking connecting block 71a, and the drive motor output shaft 21a loses locking. Then, the unlocking connecting rod 9a abuts against the docking cylinder 1a. Then, the unlocking connecting rod 9a is rotated to drive the docking cylinder 1a to rotate. The rotation of the docking cylinder 1a drives the connecting block 131a to rotate, so that the connecting block 131a is rotated from the docking connecting plate 81a to the gap part 831a. Then, the connecting block 131a can move upward from the gap part 831a without being blocked, so that the connecting block 131a is separated from the docking piece 8a.

[0077] The two front winches 23 are symmetrically distributed along one side of the spreader 1, and the two rear winches 24 are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the spreader 1. The front winches 23 and the rear winches 24 are symmetrically distributed, so that the four lifting points on the spreader 1 are in the form of rectangular distribution.

[0078] In the test of winch, without complex equipment or frequent disassembly of winch operation, in the test only need to hang a test weight G5 on a winch to be tested, hang counterweight weight G4 on the other three winches, then make the test weight greater than the rated load, first let a winch hang test weight G5, the other three side winches hang counterweight weight G4, in the process of test winch running, test weight G5 is always on the ground; When the tension of the counterweight weight G4 is applied to the other three winches, because the counterweight weight G4 is connected with the other winches through the traction rope, so the total tension generated by the test running winch when the test weight G5 is lifted is equal to the weight of the test weight G5. The tension of the test weight G5 is transmitted to the other three winches through the sling, but because the counterweight weight G4 on the other three winches is also greater than or equal to the rated load, so that the other load also cannot be separated from the ground. If the winch with test weight runs normally, such as the weight of the winch with test weight does not separate from the ground, then the test winch is in normal condition, then test another winch by interchanging the load, without disassembling and checking multiple winches, on the contrary, if the test winch is in abnormal condition, after determining the winch that needs to be replaced, it can be replaced, without complex operation to build a test platform, and after testing one, disassemble and test the winch, then test the next winch, so that the whole test efficiency is high, and because the winch is directly built in the actual use of the hoist arm for testing, so that the whole test accuracy is high.

Claims

1. A method for docking a lifting device, wherein the lifting device is docked with a cargo, the lifting device being equipped with a winch device, characterized in that: The winch device includes four winches symmetrically arranged on a lifting device. A docking guide device connected to the wire rope on the winch device is provided along the lower end of the lifting device. The lower end of the docking guide device is connected to the docking device. The docking device includes a docking cylinder, a drive motor, and a locking rod. The body of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the docking cylinder. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the locking rod via a slider. A manual release device is provided on the docking cylinder corresponding to the slider position. A connector is provided at the bottom of the docking cylinder. The locking rod passes through the middle of the connector, and a connecting block is provided on the outside of the connector. The method includes the following steps: S1 determines the counterweight and test weight according to the rated load of the winch device. Then, by placing the test weight on one winch and placing the counterweight on the other three winches, the operation of the winch carrying the test weight is determined to determine whether there is a problem with the winch being tested. If there is no problem, the test of the winch device is completed. In the S2 docking device, the upper end of the locking rod locks the slider and the cargo. The drive motor rotates and drives the docking cylinder and connector to rotate, so that the connecting block on the connector head docks with the docking part on the cargo. In case of emergency, the manual release device is activated to move the slider and disengage the locking rod from the slider, allowing the output end of the drive motor to rotate freely. The S3 winch device winds up the rope, causing the docking device to move upward. The cone in the docking guide device abuts against the cone on the lifting device under the guidance of the cone, thus achieving docking between the docking device and the lifting device.

2. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device includes a base, and a winch mounting seat is provided in the middle of the base. The winch device includes a winch drive device and a guide wheel. The winch mounting seat is used to install the winch drive device.

3. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking guide device includes conical portions arranged along the four sides of the lifting device, the conical portions being fixedly connected to the lifting device, a rope loop being provided at the tail end of the wire rope, the rope loop being connected to the conical body, the wire rope passing through the conical hole and connecting to the rope loop and the conical portion, the conical portion being provided with a conical hole matching the conical body, the winch device raising and lowering the wire rope driving the rope loop to move, so that the conical body and the conical portion abut against each other, after the conical body abuts against the conical hole, there is a gap between the upper end of the conical body and the point where the conical hole connects to the lifting device, the top of the conical portion being provided with a first through hole, the lifting device being provided with a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole being connected and their centers being located on the same axis.

4. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate is provided in the first cavity of the docking cylinder, and the body of the drive motor is connected to the connecting plate by fasteners.

5. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the drive motor is provided with a key shaft, and the slider is provided with a first groove. The first groove is slidably connected to the key shaft, and the length of the first groove is longer than the length of the key shaft.

6. A lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider and the locking rod are detachably connected. The top of the locking rod is provided with a locking connecting block, which is a square structure. The bottom of the slider is provided with an assembly hole that matches the locking connecting block.

7. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector has a third cavity, and the locking block has a locking protrusion located in the third cavity and abutting against the connector. The locking rod has a locking block at the through hole position. The mating component includes a mating locking hole and two mating connecting plates. A mating connecting groove is formed between the two mating connecting plates. The mating locking hole is matched with the locking block, and the mating connecting groove is matched with the connecting block. The mating locking hole is located below the mating connecting plate.

8. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winch device includes a front winch and a rear winch. Two front winches are symmetrically distributed along one side of the lifting device, and two rear winches are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the lifting device. The front and rear winches are symmetrically distributed, and the front and rear winches located at the same end of the lifting device are symmetrically distributed. Step S1 includes: determining the weights of the counterweight G4 and the test weight G5 based on the rated load G1 of the front and rear winches. The weight of the test weight G5 is greater than that of the counterweight G4, and the weight of the counterweight G4 is greater than or equal to the rated load G1. 1; One winch to be tested is loaded with test weight G5, and the other three winches are loaded with counterweight G4. The winch loaded with test weight G5 is run for testing. If the winch running for testing has a problem, the winch to be replaced is replaced and taken out of service. If the winch running for testing has no problem, the test weight G5 loaded on the winch being tested is swapped with the counterweight G4 loaded on another winch. Then the other winch loaded with weight G5 after the swap is run. If the winch running for testing has a problem, the winch to be replaced is replaced.

9. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: S11 Testing the front winch: A test weight G5 is attached to one front winch, and counterweights G4 are attached to two rear winches and another front winch. The front winch with the test weight G5 is run for testing. If there is no problem with the running front winch, the test weight G5 attached to the front winch and the counterweight G4 attached to the other front winch are swapped. The other front winch with the test weight G5 attached after the swap is run. If there is a problem with the running front winch, the front winch to be replaced is determined and replaced. S12 Test the rear winch: The two front winches and the other rear winch are loaded with counterweight G4 and test weight G5. The rear winch is run for test. If the test rear winch has no problems, the test weight G5 on the test rear winch and the counterweight G4 on the other rear winch are swapped. The other rear winch loaded with counterweight G4 after the swap is run. If the test rear winch has problems, the rear winch to be replaced is determined and replaced.

10. The method for docking a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps preceding step S11 also include: S10 determines the weights of the test weight G2 and the counterweight G3 based on the rated load G1 of the front and rear winches. The weight of the counterweight G3 is greater than the weight of the test weight G2, and the weight of the test weight G2 is greater than the weight of the rated load G1. The two front winches are loaded with the test weight G2, and the two rear winches are loaded with the counterweight G3. The front winches are run for testing. If there is a problem with the front winch running test, proceed to S11. If there is no problem with the test, the front winch is subjected to an overload test L1. The steps preceding step S12 also include: S120: The two rear winches are loaded with test weights G2, and the two front winches are loaded with counterweights G3. The rear winches are run for testing. If there is a problem with the rear winch test, proceed to S12. If there is no problem, the rear winches are subjected to an overload test L2.

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