Hydraulic drive composite drill bit type heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic drive composite drill bit type heading machine which is characterized in that a plurality of drill bit grooves for mounting PDC drill bits (101) are formed in the end face of a cutter head (1), and the PDC drill bits (101) are arranged in the drill bit grooves; the end face of the cutter head (1) is provided with a plurality of roller cone grooves used for installing roller cone drill bits (102), and the roller cone drill bits (102) are installed in the roller cone grooves. The cutterhead driving mechanism (7) is connected with the rear end of the cutterhead (1) and is used for driving the cutterhead (1) to rotate; the shield body (2) is sleeved on the periphery of the cutterhead driving mechanism (7); the carrying vehicle body (9) is arranged behind the shield body (2); the shield body (2) is connected with the carrying vehicle body (9) through the propelling mechanism (4) and used for providing tunneling thrust. The hydraulic main oil way (3) is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head (1) and used for providing hydraulic power for a hydraulic motor (104) for driving the PDC drill bit (101) and the roller bit (102).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of hydraulic drive composite drill bit type heading machine, belong to heading machine technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel boring machine (Tunnel boring machine, referred to as TBM) as a kind of efficient, safe, intensive tunnel construction equipment, has become the preferred long distance, large diameter tunnel engineering. However, with the deepening of mine roadway, urban underground space development and the complex of various linear projects, tunnel line design inevitably needs to face more challenges. To avoid existing buildings, important facilities or adapt to complex topography, tunnel line needs to frequently turn, and the design radius is smaller and smaller. In the mine method construction roadway, subway connecting channel, underground cavern group and other projects, TBM needs to have the ability to branch, turn in narrow space and accurately connect with existing roadway. Because the machine body of heading machine is usually rigid structure, its round curve section is prone to unreasonable overbreak volume, which further causes the deformation of surface and deep soil. With the improvement of the requirements of shield construction, the traditional tunnel boring machine has obvious deficiencies in adapting to small turning radius and realizing accurate roadway excavation and connection.

[0003] Secondly, with the extension of tunnel engineering to more complex geological conditions, the traditional disc cutter rock breaking technology faces significant challenges. In shale, sandstone, mudstone and other low-intensity rock layers, disc cutter is difficult to induce effective brittle fracture, and more shows plastic extrusion, resulting in reduced excavation efficiency and increased energy consumption. In strong abrasive strata with high quartz content, disc cutter ring wear is aggravated, frequent replacement not only increases construction cost, but also brings safety risks and delays of open operation. In addition, the blocky rock debris generated by disc cutter is easy to block in the cutter head or discharge channel, which restricts the discharge efficiency of the screw conveyor or slurry system. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the "cutting defects of traditional heading machine disc cutter in specific strata and insufficient adaptability to small turning radius" defects of the prior art, and to provide a hydraulic drive composite drill bit type heading machine to realize more efficient, more economical and safer tunnel excavation.

[0005] Preferably, the hydraulic driving combined drill bit type tunneling machine comprises a cutter head, a shield body, a hydraulic main oil circuit, a propulsion mechanism, a cutter head driving mechanism, a carrier body, a PDC drill bit, and a roller bit. A plurality of drill bit grooves for mounting the PDC drill bits are formed on the end face of the cutter head, and the PDC drill bits are arranged in the drill bit grooves. A plurality of roller bit grooves for mounting the roller bits are formed on the end face of the cutter head, and the roller bits are arranged in the roller bit grooves. The cutter head driving mechanism is connected to the rear end of the cutter head for driving the cutter head to rotate. The shield body is arranged around the cutter head driving mechanism. The carrier body is arranged behind the shield body. The shield body is connected to the carrier body through the propulsion mechanism for providing tunneling thrust. The hydraulic main oil circuit is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head for providing hydraulic power for the hydraulic motors driving the PDC drill bits and the roller bits.

[0006] Preferably, the PDC drill bits are arranged in a spiral shape, the roller bits are arranged in a ring shape, the mounting height of the roller bits is higher than that of the PDC drill bits, and the edges of the roller bits exceed the outer edge of the cutter head.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic main oil circuit comprises an inner oil circuit pipe and an outer oil circuit pipe, the outer oil circuit pipe is coaxially nested on the inner oil circuit pipe, and the inner oil circuit pipe and the outer oil circuit pipe are connected through a rib plate.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the outer oil circuit pipe is twice that of the inner oil circuit pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic main oil circuit comprises an oil seal, a bearing, an O-shaped sealing ring, a seal, and a sealing seat. The right end of the hydraulic main oil circuit is connected to the shell of the cutter head driving mechanism through the sealing seat, and the sealing seat is provided with the oil seal, the bearing, the O-shaped sealing ring, and the seal to realize the rotation and sealing of the hydraulic main oil circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic main oil circuit comprises an oil inlet connecting pipe and an oil outlet connecting pipe. A plurality of hydraulic motors are arranged in the cutter head, each of the PDC drill bits and the roller bits is independently driven by one of the hydraulic motors, and each of the hydraulic motors is connected to the hydraulic main oil circuit through the oil inlet connecting pipe and the oil outlet connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the propulsion mechanism comprises a plurality of articulated oil cylinders, and the two ends of each articulated oil cylinder are connected to the rear end of the shield body and the carrier body through a hemispherical spherical pair.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic driving combined drill bit type tunneling machine further comprises a screw conveyor, a crawler walking mechanism, and a rear support. The screw conveyor is obliquely arranged in the carrier body, the front end of the screw conveyor penetrates through the shield body and extends to the bottom of a rock debris storage space behind the cutter head, the crawler walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the carrier body, and the rear support is arranged at the tail of the carrier body.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of ring-shaped distribution of slag holes are arranged on the end face of the cutter head.

[0014] Preferably, the rear end of the carrier body is connected with a modular rear matching system.

[0015] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present application innovatively adopts a combined cutting structure of PDC drill bit and roller bit on the cutter head. The thirteen PDC drill bits distributed in the center of the end face of the cutter head can efficiently and continuously shear and crush the rock stratum with low uniaxial compressive strength, effectively avoiding the decrease of tunneling efficiency caused by plastic extrusion of traditional milling cutters in such stratum. At the same time, the four roller bits distributed on the edge of the cutter head effectively complete the edge cutting work by using the impact, crushing and shearing effect. This combined design widens the geological adaptability of the tunneling machine, which helps to realize more efficient tunneling.

[0017] 2. In the strong abrasive stratum, the tungsten carbide alloy cutter ring of the traditional milling cutter wears very fast. The PDC cutting structure adopted by the present application has higher wear resistance, which can greatly reduce the frequent downtime and replacement caused by excessive wear of the cutter. This not only reduces the construction cost and cutter consumption, but more importantly, reduces the number of times that the operating personnel enter the high-risk area in front of the cutter head, thereby improving the safety of the construction process and helping to ensure the construction period.

[0018] 3. The present application independently provides a hydraulic motor drive for each drill bit, and centralized oil supply is realized through a hydraulic main oil way system. The hydraulic main oil way adopts a unique structure, the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the oil way are connected by a rib plate, and the cross-sectional area is calculated to ensure flow balance, which ensures that all cutters obtain stable and sufficient power output, reduces the abnormal failure of cutters caused by uneven load, such as eccentric wear and jamming, effectively reduces the vibration of the cutter head, protects the key components such as the main bearing, and improves the stability and life of the whole machine.

[0019] 4. Unlike the large rock debris produced by traditional milling cutters, the rock breaking mode of PDC cutting teeth is more likely to produce smaller rock debris. Such rock debris is less likely to cause blockage in front of the cutter head panel or in the channel, thereby facilitating subsequent shovel collection and belt conveyor transfer, improving the efficiency of the whole slag removal system, and providing protection for the continuous and efficient operation of the tunneling machine.

[0020] 5、The design is equipped with a track walking mechanism for the vehicle body, and the propulsion mechanism adopts multiple groups of articulated oil cylinders, and the two ends are connected with the shield body and the carrier vehicle body through a hemispherical ball pair, so that the tunneling machine can flexibly realize body deflection when passing through a small radius curve section. The design significantly reduces the overbreak amount, effectively controls the ground settlement, and solves the problem of insufficient adaptability of the traditional rigid shield tunneling machine in curved construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tunneling machine of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the tunneling machine of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a distribution schematic diagram of the PDC drill bit on the cutter head of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the main oil path cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic motor of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the main oil path cross-sectional structure of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the main oil path cross-sectional structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic motor oil path connection of the present application;

[0029] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, cutter head, 2, shield body, 3, hydraulic main oil path, 4, propulsion mechanism, 5, cab, 6, screw conveyor, 7, cutter head driving mechanism, 8, track walking mechanism, 9, carrier vehicle body, 10, rear support part, 101, PDC drill bit, 102, roller bit, 103, slag hole, 104, hydraulic motor, 301, oil path inner tube, 302, oil path outer tube, 303, oil seal, 304, bearing, 305, O-shaped sealing ring, 306, seal, 307, check ring, 308, elastic pin, 309, sealing seat, 310, rib plate, 311, connecting oil inlet pipe, 312, connecting oil outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] If the description refers to "first" and "second" and the like in the present application, it is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, also not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 The present embodiment provides a hydraulic drive composite drill bit type tunneling machine, comprising a cutter head 1, a PDC drill bit 101 and a roller bit 102 are installed at the front end of the cutter head 1, a hydraulic main oil circuit 3 is connected to the rear end of the cutter head 1, a cutter head driving mechanism 7 is connected to the rear end of the cutter head 1, a shield body 2 is sleeved and connected to the periphery of the cutter head driving mechanism 7, a propulsion mechanism 4 is connected between the shield body 2 and a carrier vehicle body 9; a screw conveyor 6 is fixedly installed inside the carrier vehicle body 9, the front end of the screw conveyor 6 extends through the shield body 2 to the rear end of the cutter head 1; a crawler traveling mechanism 8 is installed at the lower end of the carrier vehicle body 9, a rear support part 10 is installed at the tail of the carrier vehicle body 9, and a cab 5 is installed at the right rear part of the carrier vehicle body 9.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3 Thirteen PDC drill bits 101 are installed on the end face of the cutter head 1, four roller bits 102 are installed on the edge of the end face of the cutter head 1, and a slag hole 103 is formed on the end face of the cutter head 1. The roller bit 102 has the effect of impacting, crushing and shearing the stratum rock when rotating, and can complete the edge cutting work. The roller bit 102 is slightly higher than the PDC drill bit 101, the roller bit 102 first impacts and crushes the rock, and the PDC drill bit 101 then scrapes, forming a synergistic effect.

[0033] As shown in Figure 4 The left part of the hydraulic main oil circuit 3 is bolted on the cutter head 1, and rotates together with the cutter head 1.

[0034] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the right part of the hydraulic main oil circuit 3 is connected with the sealing seat 309 through the bearing 304, and the bearing 304 is installed with the oil seal 303 on both sides. The sealing seat 309 includes a first sealing seat, a second sealing seat and a third sealing seat, which are fixedly connected in sequence, and are all sleeved on the oil circuit outer pipe 302. The first sealing seat, the second sealing seat and the third sealing seat are installed with the seal 306, the check ring 307 and the elastic pin 308 therebetween to realize cooperation and sealing. The O-shaped sealing ring 305 is installed at each pair of moving parts to ensure the dynamic sealing between components. The sealing seat 309 is connected with the cutter head driving mechanism 7 shell through bolts and connecting pieces, and is connected with the hydraulic cylinder through an external oil circuit. The hydraulic main oil circuit 3 can rotate in the sealing seat 309 while maintaining good sealing performance.

[0035] Referring to Figure 6 As shown, the oil circuit inner pipe 301 and the oil circuit outer pipe 302 are connected by the rib plate 310. The cross-sectional area of the oil circuit outer pipe 302 is twice that of the oil circuit inner pipe 301, which ensures that the oil inlet and outlet flow rates are the same. The three rib plates 310 are distributed in a ring shape, and the included angle between each two rib plates 310 is 120 degrees.

[0036] Referring to Figure 7 As shown, there are seventeen hydraulic motors 104 inside the cutter head 1, each of which is installed with a PDC drill bit 101 and a roller bit 102. Each hydraulic motor 104 is connected with the hydraulic main oil circuit 3 through the connection inlet oil pipe 311 and the connection outlet oil pipe 312.

[0037] The cutter head 1, the shield body 2, the hydraulic main oil circuit 3, the propulsion mechanism 4, the cab 5, the screw conveyor 6, the cutter head driving mechanism 7, the crawler traveling mechanism 8, the carrier body 9, the rear support part 10, the PDC drill bit 101, the roller bit 102 and the hydraulic motor 104 all adopt existing structures or products known to those skilled in the art, and the connection or control mode therebetween also adopts existing connection or control modes known to those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0038] When the tunneling machine is tunneling, the rear support part 10 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to be braced after contacting the surrounding rock of the tunnel, thereby increasing the friction between the tunneling machine and the surrounding rock and increasing the tunneling efficiency of the tunneling machine.

[0039] The cutter head 1 rotates, and the roller bit 102 and the PDC drill bit 101 arranged on the cutter head 1 are driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor 104. The oil cylinder in the propulsion mechanism 4 extends the stroke to complete the tunneling work.

[0040] After the cutter head 1 completes the current tunneling section, the rear support part 10 moves up, and the oil cylinder in the propulsion mechanism 4 retracts the stroke. The crawler traveling mechanism 8 moves, and the carrier body 9 reaches the next position.

[0041] The rock debris conveying mechanism of the tunneling machine in the embodiment adopts a screw conveyor 6; the rock debris cut by the cutter head 1 is collected by the slag outlet hole 103 to the inside of the cutter head 1. The screw conveyor 6 transports the rock debris collected in the inside of the cutter head 1 to the rear of the carrier body 9, and then transported out of the construction tunnel by the subsequent rock debris conveying equipment.

[0042] Each of the embodiments in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments.

[0043] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the application pertains or can relate to other fields of endeavor. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that: first, in the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fitting" should be understood broadly, which can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or the communication between two elements, or direct connection, "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change;

[0045] Secondly: the drawings of the disclosed embodiments only involve the structures involved in the disclosed embodiments, and other structures can be referred to the usual design; the above specific embodiments further detail the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application, and it should be understood that the above is only the specific embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit type tunneling machine, characterized in that, The system includes a cutterhead (1), a shield body (2), a main hydraulic circuit (3), a propulsion mechanism (4), a cutterhead drive mechanism (7), a transport vehicle body (9), a PDC drill bit (101), and a roller cone drill bit (102). The cutterhead (1) has multiple drill bit grooves on its end face for mounting the PDC drill bit (101), and the PDC drill bit (101) is installed in each of these grooves. The cutterhead (1) also has multiple roller cone grooves on its end face for mounting the roller cone drill bit (102), and the roller cone drill bit (102) is installed in each of these grooves. The drive mechanism (7) is connected to the rear end of the cutterhead (1) and is used to drive the cutterhead (1) to rotate; the shield body (2) is sleeved on the periphery of the cutterhead drive mechanism (7); the transport vehicle body (9) is located behind the shield body (2); the shield body (2) is connected to the transport vehicle body (9) through the propulsion mechanism (4) and is used to provide tunneling thrust; the hydraulic main oil circuit (3) is located at the rear end of the cutterhead (1) and is used to provide hydraulic power to the hydraulic motor (104) that drives the PDC drill bit (101) and the roller cone drill bit (102).

2. The hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PDC drill bit (101) is spirally distributed, and the roller cone drill bit (102) is annularly distributed. The installation height of the roller cone drill bit (102) is higher than that of the PDC drill bit (101), and the edge of the roller cone drill bit (102) extends beyond the outer edge of the cutter head (1).

3. The hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic main oil circuit (3) includes an inner oil circuit pipe (301), an outer oil circuit pipe (302), and a rib plate (310). The outer oil circuit pipe (302) is coaxially nested on the inner oil circuit pipe (301), and the inner oil circuit pipe (301) and the outer oil circuit pipe (302) are connected by the rib plate (310).

4. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the outer oil pipe (302) is twice the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner oil pipe (301).

5. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system includes an oil seal (303), a bearing (304), an O-ring (305), a seal (306), and a sealing seat (309). The right end of the hydraulic main oil circuit (3) is connected to the housing of the cutter head drive mechanism (7) through the sealing seat (309). The sealing seat (309) contains an oil seal (303), a bearing (304), an O-ring (305), and a seal (306) to achieve the rotation and sealing of the hydraulic main oil circuit (3).

6. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (1) includes an inlet pipe (311) and an outlet pipe (312). The cutter head (1) is equipped with multiple hydraulic motors (104). Each PDC drill bit (101) and roller cone drill bit (102) is driven independently by one of the hydraulic motors (104). Each hydraulic motor (104) is connected to the main hydraulic circuit (3) through the inlet pipe (311) and the outlet pipe (312).

7. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion mechanism (4) includes multiple sets of articulated hydraulic cylinders. The two ends of each set of articulated hydraulic cylinders are connected to the rear end of the shield body (2) and the transport vehicle body (9) respectively through hemispherical ball joints.

8. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a screw conveyor (6), a tracked walking mechanism (8), and a rear support (10). The screw conveyor (6) is installed at an angle inside the transport vehicle body (9). The front end of the screw conveyor (6) passes through the shield body (2) and extends to the bottom of the rock debris storage space behind the cutterhead (1). The tracked walking mechanism (8) is installed at the bottom of the transport vehicle body (9). The rear support (10) is installed at the rear of the transport vehicle body (9).

9. A hydraulically driven composite drill bit tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (1) has multiple annularly distributed slag discharge holes (103) on its end face.

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