Sensor device for measuring synthetic electric field

Abstract

The invention provides a sensor device for measuring a synthetic electric field. The sensor device comprises a supporting protective shell; the electric field sensing element is arranged on the supporting protective shell; the bearing part is arranged in the supporting and protecting shell, the bearing part is arranged on the supporting and protecting shell in an adjustable mode in the height direction, a signal processing plate is arranged on the bearing part, and the signal processing plate is electrically connected with the electric field sensing element; the at least three supporting adjusting legs are arranged at the bottom of the supporting protective shell at intervals in the circumferential direction of the supporting protective shell. The bearing piece is arranged in the height direction of the supporting protective shell in an adjustable mode, the height of the bearing piece is adjusted based on the height of surface accumulated water, and the signal circuit board supported on the bearing piece is prevented from being affected with damp; the height of the top end of the supporting adjusting leg is independently adjusted, the posture of the whole supporting protective shell is accurately adjusted, the levelness of the supporting protective shell is adjusted, it is ensured that the electric field sensing element reaches the horizontal state, and the reference condition of high-precision measurement is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric field measurement, in particular to a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of high-voltage power systems, especially the wide application of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission lines, the monitoring and evaluation of electromagnetic environment have become an important issue in the safety of power transmission systems and environmental protection.

[0003] However, the current electric field measurement sensor mainly relies on the inductive electric field element and the signal processing circuit to realize the detection of the electric field intensity and direction. The traditional sensor structure adopts fixed probe or grounding device, and these designs often have problems that the sensor is easily damaged or cannot accurately obtain measurement data in some environments with special ground conditions, such as water accumulation or uneven ground. Water accumulation may cause the internal signal processing circuit of the sensor to be damaged by moisture, and uneven ground makes the sensor unable to stably contact with the ground, affecting the accuracy of electric field measurement. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement, aiming to solve the problem that the existing sensor is easily damaged or cannot accurately obtain measurement data on water accumulation road surface or uneven ground.

[0005] The present application provides a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement, which comprises a support protective shell, an electric field induction element arranged on the support protective shell for inducting the environmental synthetic electric field intensity and generating the corresponding original analog electric signal, a support piece arranged inside the support protective shell, and the support piece is arranged on the support protective shell in an adjustable manner along the height direction, a signal processing board is arranged on the support piece, the signal processing board is electrically connected with the electric field induction element, the support piece is used for sealing the bottom of the support protective shell and supporting the signal processing board, the signal processing board is used for conditioning, converting, calculating and outputting the original analog electric signal, and at least three support adjusting legs are arranged at the bottom of the support protective shell in a circumferential interval of the support protective shell, used for supporting the support protective shell independently and adjusting the levelness of the support protective shell by adjusting the length of the support on the ground, so as to adjust the levelness of the electric field induction element.

[0006] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the support adjusting leg is a pin type support leg, which is used to adjust the depth inserted into the ground, so as to adjust the height supported on the ground.

[0007] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the support adjusting leg is a telescopic structure, which is used to adjust the support height.

[0008] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the outer edge of the supporting member is provided with at least three connecting plates, a plurality of connecting plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting member, and each connecting plate extends along the thickness direction of the supporting member, which is used to be fixed on the barrel wall of the support protection shell or the support adjusting leg.

[0009] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, each connecting plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the support protection shell is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, which are arranged along the axial direction of the support protection shell, the connecting hole is aligned with any mounting hole and fastened by a connecting piece, which is used to adjust the support height of the supporting member.

[0010] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the electric field sensing element comprises: a sensing electrode; a shielding electrode, which is arranged on one side of the sensing electrode in a rotatable manner, and is used to periodically shield and expose the sensing electrode, so as to generate an alternating induction signal related to the intensity of the resultant electric field of the environment on the sensing electrode.

[0011] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the shielding electrode is connected with a driving piece, which is used to drive the shielding electrode to rotate.

[0012] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the top of the support protection shell is provided with a flow guide top plate, which is used to guide the water accumulated on the top; the upper side of the support protection shell is provided with a protection barrel, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the flow guide top plate, and is used to protect the electric field sensing element; the protection barrel is provided with a water outlet hole, which is used to drain the water accumulated on the flow guide top plate.

[0013] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the supporting member is provided with a grounding connecting port, which is connected with the grounding interface on the signal processing plate.

[0014] Further, the sensor device for measuring the resultant electric field, the support adjusting leg is a grounding leg, which forms an electrical connection with the ground.

[0015] The application provides a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement, which is characterized in that the support piece is arranged in an adjustable manner along the height direction of the support protective shell, the height of the support piece can be adjusted based on the ground water level, so that the signal circuit board supported on the support piece is prevented from being damp; the support protective shell is provided with at least three support adjusting legs arranged at the bottom of the support protective shell, so as to form a tripod-like structure, the tripod-like structure provides excellent mechanical stability, can effectively resist shaking caused by wind load or accidental collision, and provides a solid mounting platform for the internal precise measurement circuit; meanwhile, the height of the top end of the support adjusting leg can be independently adjusted, so as to accurately adjust the posture of the whole support protective shell and adjust the levelness thereof, especially when the ground is uneven, this function is crucial, which can ensure that the electric field sensing element fixed to the top of the shell finally reaches and maintains the required horizontal state, meets the reference condition of high-precision measurement, and auxiliary maintains the reference condition that the electric field sensing element is perpendicular to the electric field direction, and solves the problems that the existing sensor is easily damaged or cannot accurately obtain measurement data on the water accumulation road or uneven ground. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Structure schematic view of the sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 2 Another structure schematic view of the sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 3 Structure schematic view between the support protective shell and the support adjusting leg provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 4 Structure schematic view between the support protective shell and the support adjusting leg provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 5 Structure schematic view of the support piece provided by the embodiment of the application; Figure 6 Top view of the support piece provided by the embodiment of the application; Explanation of reference signs: 1 - support protective shell, 11 - flow guide top plate, 12 - protection cylinder, 2 - electric field sensing element, 21 - sensing electrode, 22 - shielding electrode, 23 - driving piece, 3 - support piece, 31 - connecting plate, 311 - connecting hole, 4 - signal processing plate, 5 - support adjusting leg, 51 - mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood, and the scope of the present disclosure can be accurately conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 which is a preferred structure of a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in the figure, the device comprises a support protective shell 1, an electric field sensing element 2, a supporting member 3, and at least three supporting adjusting legs 5; wherein, The electric field sensing element 2 is arranged on the support protective shell 1, for sensing the intensity of the environmental synthetic electric field and generating a corresponding raw analog electric signal.

[0019] Specifically, the electric field sensing element 2 is the core sensor of the device for detecting the environmental synthetic electric field intensity. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the electric field sensing element 2 is fixedly arranged on the top outer surface or the top internally reserved sensing area of the support protective shell 1. This arrangement enables it to be directly and unshielded exposed to the environment field to be measured, thereby efficiently sensing the environmental synthetic electric field intensity. When the synthetic electric field in the environment acts on the element, the internal or surface electrodes of the element will generate a change in charge distribution due to electrostatic induction. The element converts this physical change into an alternating induction signal proportional to the instantaneous value of the environmental synthetic electric field intensity at the location, and outputs this signal as a raw analog electric signal. The synthetic electric field is composed of the superimposed electric field of the space charge generated electric field and the nominal electric field generated by the wire voltage, and the direction of the synthetic electric field is perpendicular to the ground, and the sensor is placed perpendicular to the direction of the synthetic electric field during measurement to achieve accurate measurement of the synthetic electric field. Therefore, the electric field sensing element 2 needs to be arranged horizontally, that is, the sensing plane of the element is parallel to the horizontal plane, and its normal direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. In this configuration, the synthetic electric field lines in the environment vertically pass through the sensing plane of the sensing element from top to bottom, thereby ensuring that the electric field lines and the sensing element maintain an orthogonal relationship. In turn, the sensing sensitivity can be maximized, that is, when the electric field lines are vertically incident, the charge sensing efficiency of the surface of the sensing element is the highest, the strongest signal output can be obtained, and the signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy are improved. And when monitoring the vertical electric field (such as the natural electric field of the earth, the synthetic electric field under the high-voltage direct current transmission line, etc.), horizontal arrangement can make the element only sensitive to the vertical component, avoiding the directional coupling error caused by inclined arrangement, and ensuring the consistency of the direction. At the same time, the support protective shell 1 provides a reference surface for horizontal installation, and protects the sensing element from mechanical damage and environmental interference, ensuring the stability of long-term observation. Among them, the support protective shell 1 can be a hollow cylinder with an open bottom, which can provide waterproof protection for the internal components, especially the signal processing board 4, to prevent the signal processing circuit from being affected by moisture, which is sensitive to moisture and causes performance degradation, short circuit or electrochemical corrosion, thereby improving the service life of the device.

[0020] The support 3 is arranged inside the support protective shell 1, and the support 3 is adjustably arranged on the support protective shell 1 in the height direction, the support 3 is provided with a signal processing board 4, the signal processing board 4 is electrically connected with the electric field sensing element 2, the support 3 is used for sealing the bottom of the support protective shell 1 and supporting the signal processing board 4, and the signal processing board 4 is used for conditioning, converting, calculating and outputting the raw analog electric signal.

[0021] Specifically, the support member 3 is a key component located within the supporting protective housing 1. It not only seals the bottom of the housing 1 but also supports the signal circuit board. It can be plate-shaped or tray-shaped and is positioned inside the housing 1, particularly in the lower or bottom region. A core design feature of the support member 3 is that it extends along the height of the housing 1 (e.g., along the height of the housing 1). Figure 2 The vertical direction shown is adjustable. For example, a guide rail, a groove (not shown in the figure), or a series of equally spaced mounting and positioning holes (not shown in the figure) extending along the height direction are provided on the inner wall of the supporting protective housing 11. Correspondingly, a slider, protrusion, or elastic buckle is provided on the side or edge of the support 3 to cooperate with it. By sliding the slider with the guide rail, or by selecting different positioning holes for fixing, the vertical position of the support 3 in the housing can be continuously or progressively adjusted. This adjustable design allows the height of the support 3 to be adjusted based on the water level on the ground, so as to avoid the signal circuit board supported on the support 3 from getting damp. The signal processing board 4 is electrically connected to the electric field sensing element 2, and can receive the raw analog electrical signal generated by the electric field sensing element 2, and condition, convert, calculate and output the raw analog electrical signal, and can calculate the strength and direction of the synthesized electric field and output it to the back-end system. The signal processing board 4 is sensitive to moisture and is prone to performance degradation, short circuits or electrochemical corrosion when exposed to moisture. The dynamic waterproof sealing system, which is composed of the supporting protective shell 1 and the adjustable support 3, can effectively isolate the signal processing board 4 from the external humid and waterlogged environment and prevent it from getting damp.

[0022] At least three support adjustment legs 5 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the support protective housing 1 at the bottom of the support protective housing 1, for multiple independent support of the support protective housing 1, and the level of the support protective housing 1 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the support on the ground, so as to adjust the level of the electric field sensing element 2.

[0023] Specifically, the bottom of the protective housing 1 is provided with at least three adjustable support legs 5 spaced circumferentially. In this embodiment, three adjustable support legs 5 are used as an example. They can be evenly arranged at the bottom of the protective housing 1, serving as three support points at the bottom, located at 0°, 120°, and 240° respectively, forming a tripod-like three-pronged structure. This tripod-like three-pronged structure provides excellent mechanical stability and can effectively resist swaying caused by wind loads or accidental collisions, providing a solid mounting platform for the internal precision measurement circuits. Of course, the number of adjustable support legs 5 can also be other than that specified in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the adjustable support legs 5 are height-adjustable structures.

[0024] In one embodiment of the support adjusting legs 5 in the present embodiment, the support adjusting legs 5 are pin-type support legs for adjusting the depth of insertion into the ground to adjust the height of support on the ground, i.e. to adjust the height position of the top end of each support adjusting leg 5 connected to the support protective shell 1, and then to achieve independent adjustment of the height of the top end of the three support adjusting legs 5 through independent adjustment of the depth of insertion of the three support adjusting legs 5, and then to accurately adjust the attitude of the entire support protective shell 1 to adjust the levelness thereof, especially when the ground at the installation site is uneven, this function is crucial, which can ensure that the electric field sensing element 2 fixed to the top of the shell eventually reaches and maintains the required level state to meet the reference condition for high-precision measurement, and to assist in maintaining the reference condition that the electric field sensing element 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.

[0025] When the sensor is deployed on uneven ground, the depth of insertion of the three support points into the ground can be independently adjusted. For example, if one side of the ground is lower, the two support points on the opposite side are inserted deeper into the ground. Through this "three-point leveling" mechanism, the sensor measurement surface (i.e. the plane where the electric field sensing element 2 is located) can always be adjusted to be parallel to the horizontal plane to maintain the reference measurement condition that the electric field sensing element 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the synthesized electric field.

[0026] In another embodiment of the support adjusting legs 5 in the present embodiment, the support adjusting legs 5 can be of a telescopic structure for adjusting the support height. Specifically, the bottom of the support adjusting leg 5 can be provided with a non-slip pad to increase the friction with the ground and prevent the sensor from sliding during measurement, thereby improving the stability of the support. Each support adjusting leg 5 is of a telescopic structure, and the height position of the top end of each support adjusting leg 5 connected to the support protective shell 1 can be adjusted by telescoping, and then the height of the top end of the three support adjusting legs 5 can be independently adjusted through independent adjustment of the depth of insertion of the three support adjusting legs 5, and then the attitude of the entire support protective shell 1 can be accurately adjusted to adjust the levelness thereof, especially when the ground at the installation site is uneven, this function is crucial, which can ensure that the electric field sensing element 2 fixed to the top of the shell eventually reaches and maintains the required level state to meet the reference condition for high-precision measurement, and to assist in maintaining the reference condition that the electric field sensing element 2 is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.

[0027] In the present embodiment, in order to avoid water accumulation on the top of the support protective shell 1 and to ensure the reliability of the electric field sensing element 2 in long-term outdoor work, and to further improve the environmental tolerance of the entire machine, a special waterproof and protective structure is provided on the top of the support protective shell 1 of the present application. Preferably, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the top of the support protection shell 1 is provided with a flow guide top plate 11 for guiding the water accumulated on the top; the upper side of the support protection shell 1 is provided with a protection cylinder 12 which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the flow guide top plate 11 for protecting the electric field induction element 2; the protection cylinder 12 is provided with a water outlet hole (not shown in the figure) for discharging the water accumulated on the flow guide top plate 11.

[0028] Specifically, on the top of the support protection shell 1, a flow guide top plate 11 is fixedly arranged. The flow guide top plate 11 is usually an umbrella-shaped, dome-shaped or plate-shaped structure made of metal or high-strength engineering plastic with a specific inclination. Its core function is to effectively guide the liquid water such as rainwater and dew falling on the top of the device. The upper surface of the flow guide top plate 11 is designed with a smooth curved surface or a radially distributed flow guide groove, which can make the accumulated water quickly gather to the edge, rather than accumulate on the top or seep to the center.

[0029] On the outer periphery of the flow guide top plate 11, a protection cylinder 12 is sleeved. The protection cylinder 12 is integrally extended or fixedly connected from the upper side of the support protection shell 1, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the flow guide top plate 11, so as to form an annular gap therebetween. The main function of the protection cylinder 12 is to physically protect the electric field induction element 2 arranged below (or integrated in) the flow guide top plate 11 in the circumferential direction, to prevent external objects such as flying stones, hailstones and branches from directly impacting the induction element, and also to avoid direct contact by personnel or animals.

[0030] In order to realize the discharge of the water accumulated on the flow guide top plate 11, at least one water outlet hole is formed on the side wall of the protection cylinder 12, and in particular, a circle of water outlet holes is arranged on the bottom of the protection cylinder 12. The water outlet hole is located at the lower part of the protection cylinder 12, and is usually slightly higher than the lowest point of the annular gap formed between the flow guide top plate 11 and the protection cylinder 12. Its function is to discharge the water accumulated along the edge of the flow guide top plate 11. The working process is as follows: when the rainwater is guided to the edge of the flow guide top plate 11, it will flow into the annular gap between the flow guide top plate 11 and the protection cylinder 12, and flow downward along the gap, and finally be guided to the outside of the device through the water outlet hole, thereby avoiding the risk of water retention, backflow or seepage into the inside of the top structure.

[0031] Therefore, the protection cylinder 12 provides a solid physical barrier (anti-collision, direct contact) for the electric field sensing element 2, and the drainage system composed of the flow guide top plate 11 and the water outlet hole actively manages the liquid water, constituting a double protection of "active flow guide + physical isolation", ensuring that the sensing element can work normally in rainy and snowy weather, and prolonging its service life. At the same time, by actively and quickly draining the water accumulated at the top, the static water pressure and water seepage risk of the top sealing interface of the supporting protective shell 1 are greatly reduced, and in combination with the sealing realized by the supporting member 3 at the bottom of the shell, a complete waterproof system from the top to the bottom is formed. In addition, rapid drainage helps to maintain the relative stability of the air dielectric environment around the electric field sensing element 2, avoiding measurement errors or signal drift caused by surface water or continuous dampness.

[0032] In this embodiment, in order to realize stable and accurate work of the signal processing circuit and effectively exclude external electromagnetic interference, the application integrates a low-impedance grounding link naturally formed by mechanical components in the structural design. The link provides a reliable reference zero potential and signal return path for the signal processing board 4, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement signal.

[0033] In this embodiment, the grounding link can include the supporting member 3, the supporting adjustment leg 5, and related connecting members.

[0034] The supporting adjustment leg 5 is a grounding leg that forms an electrical connection with the ground. Specifically, at least three supporting adjustment legs 5 are made of metal material, or metal components are used at key connection positions. They are electrically connected to the bottom structure of the supporting protective shell 1. When the device is installed on the ground, the anti-skid pad at the bottom end of the supporting adjustment leg 5 (if made of conductive material) or the metal part directly in contact with the soil allows the entire supporting protective shell 1 to form a natural electrical connection with the ground through these three supporting points, thereby becoming a physical endpoint of grounding.

[0035] In the present embodiment, the support 3 is provided with a grounding connection port, which is connected with a grounding interface on the signal processing board 4. Specifically, the upper surface of the support 3 can be a circular plane, used to support and fix the signal processing board 4. In addition to being fixed by conventional mounting screws, the support 3 and the signal processing board 4 are also provided with a key electrical grounding connection. Specifically, the signal processing board 4 is provided with a grounding interface (such as a metallized via or a grounding pad) at a predetermined position. The grounding interface of the signal processing board 4 is firmly mechanically and electrically connected with the upper surface of the support 3 by at least one grounding screw. The rest of the upper surface of the support 3 mainly serves as a physical support. The lower surface of the support 3 is adapted to the shape of the inner cavity of the support protective shell 1 (specifically the three-prong structure at the bottom). The support 3 is adjustably fixed to the bottom structure of the shell by a plurality of adjustment screws. These adjustment screws not only provide mechanical fixation after being tightened, but also establish good electrical conduction between the support 3 and the support protective shell 1. The grounding screw, the support 3, the three-prong structure shell (i.e. the support protective shell 1), the support adjustment leg 5, and the adjustment screw can all be made of corrosion-resistant metal materials, such as 316 stainless steel, coated with a 1mm thick non-slip coating, and can also be galvanized and passivated for corrosion protection, enhancing the stability and corrosion resistance of the screws, ensuring that the sensor can operate stably in a humid, salt spray, or other corrosive environment for a long time, significantly extending the service life, and the head of the grounding screw is a standard hexagonal shape.

[0036] When the sensor device is deployed on a waterlogged road, the operator can simultaneously tighten the three sets of adjustment screws to lift the support 3, ensuring that the support 3 and the signal processing board 4 above it are higher than the water surface, effectively preventing the signal processing circuit board from being soaked, short-circuited, or corroded by water.

[0037] In the working state of the sensor, a complete ground loop is established along the following path: ground → support adjustment leg 5 (grounded leg) → support protective shell 1 (three-pronged structure part) → adjustment screw → internal support 3 → grounding screw → ground interface of signal processing board 4. In this path, all connection links are realized by the close mechanical contact of metal components to achieve electrical conduction, forming a continuous, stable, and low-impedance ground link. This ground link provides a clean reference zero potential closely associated with the ground potential for high-sensitivity analog circuits (such as preamplifiers and ADCs) on the signal processing board 4, effectively suppressing common-mode noise and providing a stable potential reference. It also provides a direct signal return path for the weak analog signals collected by the sensor (from the electric field sensing element 2), reducing signal distortion during transmission and the risk of introducing external electromagnetic interference, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the final electric field strength measurement data and ensuring signal integrity. At the same time, the entire device shell is reliably grounded through the support legs, equivalent to a "Faraday cage" that can shield some spatial electromagnetic noise, improving the working stability of the device in complex electromagnetic environments and enhancing the anti-interference capability. In addition, without the need for additional dedicated grounding wires or the addition of independent grounding terminals, the existing load-bearing mechanical structure is ingeniously used to achieve electrical functions, simplifying the assembly process, improving connection reliability and the degree of integration of the overall structure, avoiding the potential breakage and corrosion of dedicated grounding wires, and simplifying the structure while ensuring reliability.

[0038] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the outer edge of the support 3 is provided with at least three connecting plates 31, and a plurality of connecting plates 31 are arranged in a circumferential direction of the support 3, and each connecting plate 31 extends in a thickness direction of the support 3, for fixing to a cylinder wall of the support protective shell 1 or the support adjustment leg 5.

[0039] Specifically, the circular outer edge of the support 3 is integrally formed or fixedly connected with at least three connecting plates 31. A plurality of connecting plates 31 are uniformly or non-uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction of the support 3. Each connecting plate 31 extends upward and / or downward in a thickness direction of the support 3 (i.e., a direction perpendicular to the support plane thereof), forming a rib plate or ear plate structure with a certain height, thereby significantly enhancing the rigidity and connection strength of the edge of the support 3. The connecting plate 31 is a key interface for mechanical connection of the support 3 with the main structure of the device, which mainly provides the following two optional fixing methods: First, the cylinder wall fixed to the support protective shell 1: a connecting hole 311 (such as a threaded hole or a light hole) is opened on each connecting plate 31. Correspondingly, on the inner cylinder wall of the support protective shell 1, a series of connecting points (such as threaded holes or positioning holes in sliding grooves) matching the mounting holes 51 are pre-set in the height direction. By passing the mounting holes 51 of the connecting plate 31 through the fasteners such as screws and locking them to the connecting points on the inner wall of the shell, the support 3 can be firmly fixed at a certain pre-set height in the shell. This method is especially suitable for scenarios where the support 3 needs to be directly fixed to the shell to achieve sealing. Of course, the cylinder wall of the support protective shell 1 can be provided with multiple mounting holes 51 to achieve height position adjustment. That is, to achieve height position adjustment, preferably, the support protective shell 1 is provided with multiple mounting holes 51, and the multiple mounting holes 51 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the support protective shell 1, the connecting hole 311 is aligned with any mounting hole 51 and is fastened by a connecting piece, which is used to adjust the support height of the support 3.

[0040] Second, fixed to the support adjustment leg 5: as another embodiment or cooperative design, the connecting plate 31 can also be directly or indirectly connected to the upper structure of the support adjustment leg 5. For example, the downwardly extending part of the connecting plate 31 can be fixed to the connecting part of the support adjustment leg 5 extending into the shell through a transverse connecting piece or directly through a screw. This design makes the support 3, the support adjustment leg 5 and the shell bottom structure more closely integrated as a whole, and the mechanical transmission path is more direct.

[0041] Therefore, the connecting plate 31 can correspond to the support adjustment leg 5 one by one so as to be fixed on the corresponding support adjustment leg 5, and of course, it can also be directly fixed on the support protective shell 1. In this embodiment, the fixed position of the connecting plate 31 is not limited.

[0042] In this embodiment, the multiple connecting plates 31 distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction provide multi-point uniform support, effectively preventing the support 3 from deflecting, shaking or twisting in the shell, and ensuring the stable working environment of the signal processing board 4 it carries. In addition, the connecting plate 31 extending in the thickness direction provides sufficient connection area and structural strength, and can reliably transmit the weight and possible vibration load of the signal processing board 4. Whether fixed to the shell cylinder wall or the support leg, a stable connection can be formed. When the connecting plate 31 is fixed by screws to a series of connecting points with different heights on the shell wall, it itself constitutes a mechanical interface for realizing the height step adjustment of the support 3. By loosening the screws, moving the support 3 to the adjacent connecting point and then re-tightening, the height of the support 3 can be easily changed. In addition, if the connecting plate 31 is made of metal or integrally formed with the metal body of the support 3, and is connected to the grounded support adjustment leg 5 or the shell through a metal fastener, it itself can become part of the above-mentioned grounding link, further optimizing the conductivity and reliability of the grounding loop.

[0043] Continuing to refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 The electric field sensing element 2 comprises: a sensing electrode 21, a shielding electrode 22 and a driving element 23; wherein the shielding electrode 22 is arranged on one side of the sensing electrode 21 in a rotatable manner, for periodically shielding and exposing the sensing electrode 21 to generate an alternating sensing signal related to the intensity of the environmental synthetic electric field on the sensing electrode 21. The shielding electrode 22 is connected with the driving element 23 for driving the shielding electrode 22 to rotate.

[0044] Specifically, the sensing electrode 21 is usually a set of precisely machined metal fan-shaped pieces or circular plates, fixedly installed inside the element. Its function is to directly induce the charge signal related to the electric field intensity by electrostatic induction coupling of the synthetic electric field in the environment. The shielding electrode 22 is located above the sensing electrode 21 and is composed of a set of metal blades grounded or connected to a fixed potential. Its key feature is that it is arranged in a rotatable manner and maintains a very small air gap with the sensing electrode 21. The blades of the shielding electrode 22 will periodically and alternately cover and expose the underlying sensing electrode 21 when rotating. The driving element 23 provides power for the rotation of the shielding electrode 22. In a preferred embodiment, the driving element 23 is a micro DC motor or a stepping motor. The output shaft of the motor is directly or through a speed reduction mechanism connected with the central shaft of the shielding electrode 22, thereby driving the shielding electrode 22 to rotate stably and uniformly.

[0045] The working principle and signal generation process of the electric field sensing element 2: after the device is powered on, the electric field sensing element 2 works according to the following process: first modulation start: the driving element 23 starts, driving the motor shaft and the shielding electrode 22 fixed thereto to start rotating uniformly. Periodic shielding and exposure: the rotating shielding electrode 22 blades periodically sweep over the sensing electrode 21. When the blades cover the sensing electrode 21, the external electric field is shielded, and the induced charge on the sensing electrode 21 is released or reset; when the gap between the blades is aligned with the sensing electrode 21, the sensing electrode 21 is fully exposed to the environmental electric field, and begins to induce and accumulate charge. Alternating signal generation: the periodic mechanical modulation process of "exposure-shielding-re-exposure" described above converts the relatively static or slowly varying synthetic electric field in the environment into an alternating sensing signal (i.e. original analog electric signal) on the sensing electrode 21, which is strictly proportional to the instantaneous environmental electric field intensity and the frequency is related to the rotating speed of the shielding electrode 22. This design ingeniously converts the direct current or low frequency electric field measurement problem into the measurement of alternating current signal, greatly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and anti-interference ability. The weak alternating sensing signal generated on the sensing electrode 21 is transmitted to the signal processing board 4 located on the support 3 through the shielding cable.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the signal processing board 4 can include: a signal interface, a signal processing circuit, a data processing circuit, and a grounding interface; wherein the signal interface serves as an electrical input port, which is directly connected with the output end of the electric field sensing element 2 through a shielded cable, for receiving the alternating induction signal generated by the induction electrode 21. The interface is usually designed in the form of a socket or a terminal, ensuring firm connection and anti-interference. The signal processing circuit is electrically connected with the signal interface, and the signal processing circuit is the core area of analog signal processing. After the alternating induction signal is input through the signal interface, the following processes are sequentially performed: amplification, filtering, and adjustment, wherein the amplification process is the primary amplification of the weak original signal by a pre-operational amplifier with low noise and high input impedance; the filtering process is to filter out the environmental noise (such as power frequency interference, radio frequency noise, etc.) outside the working frequency band through a band-pass filter, and extract the effective modulation signal; the adjustment process is to use a reference signal synchronized with the speed of the shielding electrode 22 to restore the alternating current signal to a direct current or low frequency voltage signal proportional to the instantaneous environmental electric field strength through a synchronous demodulation circuit. The data processing circuit is connected with the signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit mainly includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a microprocessor (MCU). The analog voltage output by the signal processing circuit is digitized by the ADC and then read by the MCU. The MCU has a built-in special algorithm, which calculates the strength value of the environmental synthesized electric field according to the digital signal, and can further calculate the direction information of the electric field through multi-axis sensor data fusion or a specific model. The MCU is also responsible for the control, self-checking, and data management of the system. The grounding interface is a key electrical reference point, usually one or more metallized vias or dedicated grounding pads. It realizes low-impedance and high-reliability electrical connection with the metal supporting member 3 through a grounding screw, thereby accessing the grounding link composed of the supporting member 3, the adjusting screw, the support and protection shell 1, and the support and adjustment leg 5, and finally connecting to the ground.

[0047] The signal processing and data output process of the signal processing board 4: the alternating induction signal generated by the electric field sensing element 2 → input through the signal interface → amplified, filtered, and demodulated by the signal processing circuit → converted into an analog voltage representing the electric field strength → analog-to-digital converted by the ADC in the data processing circuit → the MCU performs calculation to obtain the electric field strength and direction → the processing result is transmitted to the back-end display, recording system, or monitoring center through the communication module (such as RS-485, 4G / LoRa) integrated in the data processing circuit.

[0048] Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the above-mentioned precision measurement circuit has a stable reference zero potential and a clean signal return path, the grounding interface is made of high-conductivity material (such as gold-plated copper or copper alloy), which ensures that the grounding link has extremely low on-resistance, thereby ensuring the stability of the current return path and the accuracy of the signal reference zero potential. In addition, the surface of the grounding interface is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment (such as gold plating, nickel plating or coating of an oxidation-resistant conductive coating). This process treatment enables it to be used for a long time in outdoor humid, salt spray or other slightly corrosive environments, preventing the grounding resistance from increasing or even being disconnected due to oxidation or corrosion of the contact points, thereby ensuring the long-term reliable connection of the entire grounding system for decades.

[0049] In summary, the sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement provided by the embodiment can be adjusted in height along the height direction of the support protective shell 1 (such as the vertical direction shown in the figure) by the support 3, and the height of the support 3 can be adjusted based on the ground water level, so as to avoid the signal circuit board supported on the support 3 from being damp. Figure 2 The at least three support adjustment legs 5 arranged at the bottom of the support protective shell 1 form a tripod-like structure, which provides excellent mechanical stability and can effectively resist shaking caused by wind load or accidental collision, thereby providing a solid mounting platform for the internal precision measurement circuit. In addition, the height of the top end of the support adjustment leg 5 can be independently adjusted, so as to accurately adjust the attitude of the entire support protective shell 1 and thereby adjust the levelness thereof. This function is particularly important when the ground surface is uneven during installation, as it can ensure that the electric field sensing element 2 fixed to the top of the shell ultimately reaches and maintains the required horizontal state, thereby meeting the reference conditions for high-precision measurement and auxiliary maintaining the reference conditions for the electric field sensing element 2 to be perpendicular to the electric field direction, thereby solving the problem that existing sensors are easily damaged or cannot accurately obtain measurement data on a waterlogged road surface or uneven ground surface.

[0050] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is merely for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present application are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the application can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims

1. A sensor device for the synthesis of electric field measurements, characterized by, The utility model relates to a sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement, comprising: a support protective shell; an electric field sensing element arranged on the support protective shell for sensing the intensity of the environmental synthetic electric field and generating a corresponding original analog electric signal; a support element arranged inside the support protective shell, the support element being arranged on the support protective shell in an adjustable manner along the height direction, a signal processing board being arranged on the support element, the signal processing board being electrically connected to the electric field sensing element, the support element being used for sealing the bottom of the support protective shell and supporting the signal processing board, the signal processing board being used for conditioning, converting, calculating and outputting the original analog electric signal; at least three support adjusting legs being arranged at the bottom of the support protective shell in a spaced manner along the circumference of the support protective shell, the support adjusting legs being used for independently supporting the support protective shell and adjusting the levelness of the support protective shell by adjusting the height of the support on the ground to adjust the levelness of the electric field sensing element.

2. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the support adjusting leg is a pin-type support leg, the depth of the pin-type support leg being adjusted to adjust the height of the support on the ground.

3. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the support adjusting leg is a telescopic structure, the height of the support being adjusted.

4. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the outer edge of the support element is provided with at least three connecting plates, the connecting plates being arranged in a spaced manner along the circumference of the support element, and each of the connecting plates extends along the thickness direction of the support element and is fixed to the cylinder wall of the support protective shell or the support adjusting leg.

5. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to claim 4, wherein: each of the connecting plates is provided with a connecting hole, and the support protective shell is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a spaced manner along the axial direction of the support protective shell, the connecting hole is aligned with any one of the mounting holes and is fastened by a connecting piece to adjust the support height of the support element.

6. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electric field sensing element comprises: a sensing electrode; a shielding electrode arranged on one side of the sensing electrode in a rotatable manner, the shielding electrode being used for periodically shielding and exposing the sensing electrode to generate an alternating sensing signal related to the intensity of the environmental synthetic electric field on the sensing electrode.

7. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to claim 6, wherein: the shielding electrode is connected with a driving element for driving the shielding electrode to rotate.

8. The sensor device for synthetic electric field measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the top of the support protective shell is provided with a flow guide top plate for guiding the water accumulated on the top; the upper side of the support protective shell is provided with a protective cylinder which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the flow guide top plate for protecting the electric field sensing element. The protection cylinder is provided with a water outlet hole for discharging the accumulated water on the flow guide top plate.

9. Sensor device for the measurement of synthetic electric fields according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The supporting member is provided with a grounding connecting port which is connected with a grounding interface on the signal processing plate.

10. Sensor device for the measurement of synthetic electric fields according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The supporting adjusting leg is a grounding leg which forms an electrical connection with the ground.

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