Energy storage equipment fault positioning method and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage equipment fault positioning method and energy storage equipment, and relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment. After the interference signal is detected, the identification mark can be generated through triggering of the sensor, and the identification mark is inserted into the control signal used for controlling operation of the energy storage equipment; when the number of the identification marks is identified to be greater than the first threshold value, the energy storage battery unit with the fault does not execute the control instruction, and the identification marks are enriched, so that the energy storage battery unit with the fault can be found out according to the number of the identification marks, the problem that the operation fault exists but cannot be positioned is solved, and the positioning accuracy is improved. And accurate positioning of the fault battery unit is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to an energy storage device fault positioning method and an energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the large-scale access of new energy and the popularity of energy storage applications, energy storage devices are widely deployed in grid peak shaving, distributed energy management, and backup power supply scenarios. Energy storage devices are usually composed of a large number of energy storage battery units, and are cooperatively operated with a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and an inverter control system.

[0003] However, the fault detection and positioning methods in the prior art mainly rely on monitoring of conventional parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. When the energy storage device has a running fault, it can only detect an abnormal state, but cannot quickly and accurately locate the specific battery unit or control element. For example, partial cross-module or cross-link logic errors can cause fault signals to be masked; implicit errors caused by network latency or cache residues are not easy to be discovered in time; external communication interference or malicious attacks are more likely to cause disguised instruction abnormalities, which are difficult to distinguish by conventional methods. These problems cause the energy storage device to have a "fault but cannot determine the location" during operation, increasing maintenance costs and affecting the safety and stability of the system. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, an energy storage device fault positioning method and an energy storage device are provided to solve the technical problems of the prior art that the running fault of the energy storage device cannot be quickly positioned, the diagnosis is not accurate enough, and the fault type is difficult to distinguish.

[0005] In one aspect, an energy storage device fault positioning method is provided, the energy storage device comprising a plurality of energy storage battery units, the method comprising: In response to detecting an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal; During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in a target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and executed; At a time point after the termination of the first time period plus the average execution time of the control instructions, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is identified is counted within a second time period; Marking the energy storage battery unit in which the number of identification marks identified is greater than a first threshold as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0006] Further, the energy storage battery unit comprises a plurality of monitoring areas, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit is obtained in response to the detection of the interference signal, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all control instructions within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising: obtaining a sensor signal arranged in the plurality of monitoring areas, and judging the type of the sensor signal; in response to the type of the sensor signal in the target monitoring area being an interference signal, obtaining a control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area, and continuously inserting an identification mark into the control instruction within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0007] Further, the obtaining of the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area and the continuously inserting of the identification mark into the control instruction within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising: obtaining all control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device detecting the interference signal, and inserting an identification mark into each control instruction; judging whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark; in response to any energy storage battery unit in the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, marking the battery placement area where the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark as a fault area; obtaining a target control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the fault area, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all target control instructions within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0008] Further, the energy storage device comprises a battery management system and an energy management system; the judging of whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark comprises: detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the voltage, current, and temperature control instructions collected by the battery management system; detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the scheduling instructions or inverter control instructions of the energy management system; if it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, detecting whether the target control signal after the elimination of the identification mark is normally executed and feeding back the execution completion; if the target control signal is normally executed and feeds back the execution completion, recording the processing process and result of this identification mark as reference data for fault positioning and analysis; if the target control signal is not normally executed, marking the energy storage battery unit whose target control signal is not normally executed as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0009] Further, the identification mark is inserted into all control instructions, including: The type of the control signal is obtained, including communication data frames, control instructions and analog signals; The insertion mode of the identification mark is determined according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification mark is inserted into the reserved bit section of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted into the additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0010] Further, the number of identification marks identified in each energy storage battery unit is counted within a second time period starting at the time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instruction, including: The number of identification marks contained in the control instruction that is not executed or eliminated is counted by a register or a statistical module within a second time period starting at the time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instruction.

[0011] Further, the method further comprises: Real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device in the current running state is obtained, and a plurality of health indicators related to the running fault of the energy storage device are identified from the real-time monitoring data; The weight of each health indicator is determined according to the historical running data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device; The weighted average value is calculated according to the measured values of a plurality of health indicators and the weight of each health indicator to obtain a health degree value; The probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring running interference fault is determined according to the health degree value, and the initial value of the first threshold is determined according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring running interference fault; The energy storage device control model of the energy storage device is constructed according to the real-time data of the energy storage device in the current running state, the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring running interference fault is input into the energy storage device control model, the fault feedback information of the energy storage device in the preset working environment is simulated, and the fault feedback information includes fault positioning accuracy, control response time and device state change parameter; The correction bias value is calculated according to the fault feedback information, and the initial value of the first threshold is corrected to obtain the final value of the first threshold according to the correction bias value.

[0012] Further, the weight of each health indicator is determined according to the historical running data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device, including: The mean value μ of the historical running data of the i th health indicator is obtained i And the standard deviation σ i, the current value x of the real-time monitoring data of the i th health index is obtained i ; The historical stability coefficient of the i th health index is determined by S i =1 / (1+σ i ); The real-time deviation coefficient of the i th health index is determined by R i =1+|x i -μ i | / μ i ; The comprehensive weight score of the i th health index is determined by W i ′=S i ×R i ; The weight of the i th health index is determined according to W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j ′, where j is the total number of health indexes; Wherein, according to the health degree value, the probability of the energy storage battery unit running interference failure is determined, and the initial value of the first threshold is determined according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit running interference failure, which includes: According to the historical operation data of the energy storage equipment, the fault element is obtained, the error number and the probability of running interference failure of the fault element are obtained, and the basic weight of the fault element is determined according to the probability of running interference failure of the fault element; The growth coefficient of the fault element is obtained according to the time interval of the fault element running interference failure; The fault weight of the fault element is determined according to the product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient; The fault heat value of the fault element is determined according to the product of the error number of the fault element and the fault weight; The initial value of the first threshold is determined according to the fault heat value; Wherein, the calculation formula of the fault heat value of the fault element is: Heat_Value=Weight×Ac; Weight is the weight of the fault element, Ac is the error number of the fault element, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the fault element; Wherein, the calculation formula of the weight Weight of the fault element is: Weight=Weight_Base×L; Wherein, Weight_Base is the basic weight of the fault element, and L is the growth coefficient, the value of which is set according to the error number Ac of the fault element, L=a Ac , a is a constant, 1.1≤a≤1.3; Wherein, the basic weight of the fault element Weight_Base = (a x C + b x F + g x R) / (a + b + g), wherein C is the element importance / hazard degree, F is the historical fault frequency normalized value, R is the measurement / detection reliability score, a is the weight coefficient of the element importance / hazard degree, b is the weight coefficient of the historical fault frequency normalized value, and g is the weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

[0013] In another aspect, a power storage device is provided, comprising a power storage cell, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and a fault diagnosis module; the fault diagnosis module is configured to perform the method of any one of the preceding aspects to locate the operational fault of the power storage device.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the fault diagnosis module comprises: A special identification code injection unit for inserting an identification mark into a control signal through a sensor; An identification detection unit for determining whether the batteries in each battery placement area recognize the identification mark; An enrichment analysis unit for determining the fault area, the fault battery, and the fault source based on the time distribution, the quantity distribution, or the location distribution of the identification mark.

[0015] The power storage device fault locating method and the power storage device described above, after detecting the interference signal, can trigger the generation of an identification mark through a sensor, insert the identification mark into a control signal used to control the operation of the power storage device; when the number of identification marks recognized is greater than a first threshold value, it indicates that the fault power storage cell does not execute the control instruction, causing the identification mark to be enriched, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the fault power storage cell, solving the problem of operational fault existing but being unable to locate, and realizing the accurate positioning of the fault battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 The flowchart of the power storage device fault locating method in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 The structural block diagram of the power storage device in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0019] As described in the background, with the development of distributed energy, home energy storage and emergency power systems, energy storage battery units (such as lithium batteries, sodium ion batteries, etc.) are widely used in homes, industries and social public facilities.

[0020] Energy storage battery units may have various faults during operation, such as: hidden faults that are difficult to detect: cell micro-short circuit, polarization imbalance, local capacity attenuation, etc., which are difficult to be found in time by traditional voltage and current monitoring; special error states: abnormal operation instructions caused by control logic, communication interference or external environment, which are difficult to locate as they may be hidden in normal operation data stream; multi-level system coupling faults: interaction between battery management system (BMS), inverter and energy management system (EMS) may produce hidden logic errors or deadlocks, which cannot be accurately identified by traditional diagnostic methods.

[0021] Existing energy storage equipment mainly relies on detection of physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, etc., which can easily detect abnormal operation parameters, communication packet loss / CRC check failure and command conflict. Hidden signal distortion faults, such as external sensor signals or collected signals falling within the normal range in numerical value, but real deviation leading to operation abnormality, or delay / cache residual faults such as network delay or cache retention being executed at non-target time points, thus causing operation deviation, or disguised instruction faults such as no difference in format and numerical value from normal instructions, but abnormal source (such as attack, bug, interference), which belong to "false normal" errors. These hidden signal distortion faults, delay / cache residual faults or disguised instruction faults are also difficult to accurately identify the fault location, resulting in difficulty in after-sales maintenance of energy storage equipment.

[0022] The present application creatively proposes an energy storage equipment fault positioning method in the embodiment, which solves the technical problems that existing energy storage equipment has hidden faults that are difficult to detect, abnormal operation instructions, multi-level system coupling faults, hidden signal distortion faults, delay / cache residual faults or disguised instruction faults during operation, which makes it difficult to accurately identify the fault location, resulting in difficulty in after-sales maintenance of energy storage equipment, thereby achieving: Quickly locking the fault area, fault battery unit and fault source; Enhancing fault observability through cross-level identification and injection; Distinguishing different types of hidden, delayed or disguised errors; Outputting a diagnostic report and maintenance strategy to improve operation safety and operation efficiency.

[0023] In one embodiment, a method for locating a fault of an energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device has a plurality of energy storage cell placement areas, each of which corresponds to at least one energy storage cell, and each of the energy storage cell placement areas is provided with a sensor for generating an identification mark, and the sensor is electrically connected to each energy storage cell in the corresponding energy storage cell placement area.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1 The energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage cells, and the method for locating a fault of the energy storage device includes the following steps: Step S1, in response to detecting an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage cell, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal; Step S2, during normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in a target control signal, eliminating the identification mark in the target control signal and executing; Step S3, at a time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instructions, statistics the number of energy storage cells that identify the identification mark within a second time period; Step S4, marking the energy storage cells with a number of identification marks greater than a first threshold as faulty energy storage cells.

[0025] Wherein, after detecting the interference signal, the identification mark can be triggered by the sensor to be inserted into the control signal for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of identification marks is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the faulty energy storage cell does not execute the control instruction, causing the identification mark to be enriched, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the faulty energy storage cell, solving the problem of existing operation failure but unable to locate, and realizing accurate positioning of the faulty cell.

[0026] Wherein, during normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified, the control signal containing the identification mark is eliminated; when it is identified that there is a control signal containing the identification mark in the energy storage device, it is determined that the energy storage device has an operation fault and the fault location cannot be located.

[0027] Wherein, the identification mark is preset in the operation control system, and whether there is a fault that is difficult to locate is determined by eliminating or detecting residual error signals, which can discover potential abnormal conditions that cannot be located in advance during normal operation of the device, and improve the initiative and robustness of system fault detection.

[0028] The identification mark is a virtual code segment or a special mark signal that cannot be executed by the system, and is used to distinguish from normal operation instructions, signals or control codes.

[0029] In the embodiment, the sensor is at least one of the following: a hardware sensor for inserting the identification mark into the signal link of the energy storage battery unit at the circuit level; a software sensor for generating and embedding the identification mark in the running program or control logic; a hybrid sensor for simultaneously inserting a physical layer identification mark at the hardware side and generating a logical layer identification mark at the software side to achieve synchronous injection and redundant verification across layers.

[0030] The multi-layer injection of the identification mark is achieved by the hardware sensor, the software sensor or the hybrid sensor. Both physical signals can be inserted at the circuit level and virtual signals can be injected at the logic level to achieve redundant verification across layers and enhance the reliability and comprehensiveness of fault detection.

[0031] In the embodiment, the method further comprises: detecting a control element in the faulty energy storage battery unit that is rich in the identification mark, and marking the running program and the control element in the faulty energy storage battery unit that are rich in the identification mark as a fault source.

[0032] Specifically, by triggering the identification mark and inserting the control signal during fault detection, the battery placement area, the faulty battery unit and the fault source are located step by step, and the problem that the running fault exists but cannot be located is solved, and the hierarchical accurate positioning of the fault area, the faulty battery unit and the fault source is achieved.

[0033] The detection of the energy storage battery unit in the fault area that is rich in the identification mark and the detection of the control element in the faulty energy storage battery unit that is rich in the identification mark are completed by counting the time distribution, number distribution or position distribution of the instructions containing the identification mark in the target fault area.

[0034] In the embodiment, the method further comprises: According to the identified fault area, the faulty energy storage battery unit and the fault source, the fault type is determined, wherein the fault type comprises at least one of the following: instruction logic link nesting error, which is caused by the enrichment of the identification mark during cross-module or multi-step execution; delay or cache residual error, which is caused by the enrichment of the identification mark due to network delay or cache retention; cross-module interaction error, which is caused by the enrichment of the identification mark during interaction between different subsystems; Hidden signal distortion error, which is that the external sensor or energy storage battery unit parameter acquisition signal falls within the normal threshold interval in value, but the identification mark is enriched in the running process; Camouflage type instruction error, which is caused by abnormal external communication, malicious attack or control software vulnerability.

[0035] Further, the energy storage battery unit includes a plurality of monitoring areas, and the control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit are obtained in response to the detection of the interference signal, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal, including: Obtaining sensor signals arranged in the plurality of monitoring areas and judging the type of the sensor signals; In response to the type of the sensor signal in the target monitoring area being an interference signal, the control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area are obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into the control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0036] Further, the obtaining of the control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area and the continuously inserting of the identification mark into the control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal includes: Obtaining all control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device where the interference signal is detected, and inserting the identification mark into each control instruction; Judging whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark; In response to any energy storage battery unit in the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, the battery placement area where the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark is located is marked as a fault area; Obtaining target control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the fault area, and continuously inserting the identification mark into all target control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0037] In the embodiment, the judging of whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark includes: Detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters collected by the battery management system (BMS); Detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the scheduling instructions of the energy management system (EMS) or the inverter control instructions.

[0038] In the BMS collected parameters and EMS scheduling instructions / inverter control instructions, the identification mark is detected, the double detection of the electrical parameter layer and the system control layer is realized, and the accuracy and integrity of fault identification are improved.

[0039] Further, the identification mark is inserted into all control instructions, including: acquiring the type of the control signal, the type of the control signal including communication data frames, control instructions and analog signals; determining the insertion mode of the identification mark according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification mark is inserted in the reserved bit section of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted in the additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0040] Further, the energy storage device includes a battery management system and an energy management system; and the determination of whether the identification mark is recognized by each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area includes: detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the voltage, current and temperature control instructions collected by the battery management system; detecting whether the identification mark is contained in the scheduling instructions or inverter control instructions of the energy management system; if it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, detecting whether the target control signal after the identification mark is eliminated is normally executed and feeding back the execution completion; if the target control signal is normally executed and the execution completion is fed back, recording the processing process and result of the identification mark this time as reference data for fault positioning and analysis; if the target control signal is not normally executed, marking the energy storage battery unit whose target control signal is not normally executed as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0041] Further, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is recognized is counted within a second time period starting at the time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instruction, including: starting at the time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instruction, counting the number of control instructions containing the identification mark in the unexecuted or eliminated control instructions through a register or a statistical module within a second time period.

[0042] The first time period and the second time period are dynamically adjusted according to the type of the energy storage battery unit, the charging and discharging state or the running mode, so as to improve the accuracy of fault positioning.

[0043] Further, the method further includes: acquiring real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device in the current running state, and identifying a plurality of health indicators related to the running fault of the energy storage device from the real-time monitoring data; determine the weight of each health indicator according to historical operation data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device; calculate a weighted average value according to the measured values of the plurality of health indicators and the weight of each health indicator to obtain a health degree value; determine the probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring an operation interference failure according to the health degree value, and determine the initial value of the first threshold according to the probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring the operation interference failure; construct an energy storage device control model for the energy storage device according to real-time data of the energy storage device in the current operation state, input the probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring the operation interference failure into the energy storage device control model, simulate failure feedback information of the energy storage device under a preset working environment, and the failure feedback information includes fault positioning accuracy, control response time, and device state change parameter; calculate a correction bias value according to the failure feedback information, and correct the initial value of the first threshold according to the correction bias value to obtain the final value of the first threshold.

[0044] The health indicator refers to a key characteristic parameter capable of reflecting the operation state, performance degradation, and potential failure risk of the energy storage device. Typical contents include internal resistance, capacity retention rate, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), voltage consistency, and temperature distribution at the cell level, which are used to represent the electrochemical performance and aging degree of the battery monomer; charging and discharging efficiency, current fluctuation rate, SOC balance degree, power response rate, DC / AC conversion efficiency, and temperature control system operation state at the system level, which are used to reflect the energy conversion efficiency and operation stability of the energy storage system; in addition, it also includes temperature and humidity stability, insulation resistance, fire and alarm system state, vibration and noise level at the environment and safety level, which are used to evaluate the external operating conditions and safety protection conditions. Through real-time monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of the above-mentioned plurality of health indicators, the operation health status of the energy storage device can be comprehensively reflected, and the basis for failure early warning, state evaluation, and life prediction is provided.

[0045] Further, the determination of the weight of each health indicator according to the historical operation data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device includes: obtain the mean value μ of the historical operation data of the i th health indicator i and the standard deviation σ i , obtain the current value x i of the real-time monitoring data of the i th health indicator; determine the historical stability coefficient of the i th health indicator through S i =1 / (1+σ i ); determine the real-time stability coefficient of the i th health indicator through R i =1+|x i -μi | / μ i determining a real-time deviation coefficient of the i th health indicator; by W i ′=S i ×R i determining a comprehensive weight score of the i th health indicator; according to W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j ′determining the weight of the i th health indicator, wherein j is the total number of health indicators; wherein, according to the health degree value, the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault is determined, and the initial value of the first threshold is determined according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault, comprising: According to the historical operation data of the energy storage device, a fault element is obtained, the error reporting times and the probability of the fault element occurring a running interference fault are obtained, and the basic weight of the fault element is determined according to the probability of the fault element occurring a running interference fault; According to the time interval of the fault element occurring a running interference fault, the growth coefficient of the fault element is obtained; According to the product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient, the fault weight of the fault element is determined; According to the product of the error reporting times of the fault element and the fault weight, the fault heat value of the fault element is determined; According to the fault heat value, the initial value of the first threshold is determined; wherein, the calculation formula of the fault heat value of the fault element is: Heat_Value=Weight×Ac; Weight is the weight of the fault element, Ac is the error reporting times of the fault element, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the fault element; wherein, the calculation formula of the weight Weight of the fault element is: Weight=Weight_Base×L; wherein, Weight_Base is the basic weight of the fault element, and L is the growth coefficient, the value of the growth coefficient L is set according to the error reporting times Ac of the fault element, L=a Ac , a is a constant, 1.1≤a≤1.3; wherein, the basic weight Weight_Base of the fault element is (α×C+β×F+γ×R) / (α+β+γ), wherein C is the element importance / hazard degree, F is the historical fault frequency normalized value, R is the measurement / detection reliability score, α is the weight coefficient of the element importance / hazard degree, β is the weight coefficient of the historical fault frequency normalized value, and γ is the weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

[0046] In combination with the identification results of the fault area, the fault battery unit and the fault source, different types of faults are further distinguished, such as logical nested errors, delay residual errors, cross-module interaction errors, hidden distortion errors and disguised instruction errors. Not only the specific fault location can be located, but also the fault cause can be accurately identified, which helps to take targeted operation and maintenance measures.

[0047] In the embodiment, the method further comprises: In response to determining the fault type, a diagnostic report is generated, and corresponding maintenance recommendations or control strategies are output.

[0048] In combination with the identification results of the fault area, the fault battery unit and the fault source, different types of faults are further distinguished, such as logical nested errors, delay residual errors, cross-module interaction errors, hidden distortion errors and disguised instruction errors. Not only the specific fault location can be located, but also the fault cause can be accurately identified, which helps to take targeted operation and maintenance measures.

[0049] In the embodiment, the method further comprises: After determining the fault type, the fault is classified into different levels, wherein the fault levels include: First-level fault: a fault that affects the operation performance of a single energy storage battery unit but does not affect the overall system safety; Second-level fault: a fault that affects the operation of multiple energy storage battery units or local modules, which may cause system performance degradation but can continue to operate; Third-level fault: a fault that affects the key operation loop or control link of the energy storage device, which may cause system shutdown or safety risk.

[0050] The fault level classification result is used to generate a diagnostic report and provide a hierarchical control basis for operation and maintenance strategies, power scheduling or emergency response. By adding level classification to the fault diagnosis result, not only the fault location and type can be located, but also the severity of the fault can be determined, so that differentiated maintenance measures can be developed for different levels of faults, the fault tolerance and safety of the system can be improved, intelligent hierarchical scheduling and operation and maintenance strategies can be supported, and a closed-loop optimization from detection, diagnosis to decision-making can be achieved.

[0051] In the embodiment, after detecting the interference signal, the identification mark is continuously inserted into all control instructions within the first time period, which comprises: Obtain the type of the control instruction, wherein the type of the control instruction includes communication data frame, control instruction and analog signal; According to the type of the control instruction, the insertion mode of the identification mark is determined, wherein the identification mark is inserted in the reserved bit segment of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted in the additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0052] Among them, for the three types of control instructions of communication data frame, control instruction and analog signal, the insertion mode of identification mark is designed respectively, the compatibility support of different types of control signals is realized, and the application range and universality of the fault positioning method are improved.

[0053] In the above energy storage device fault positioning method, after detecting the interference signal, the identification mark can be triggered by the sensor to generate an identification mark, and the identification mark is inserted into the control signal for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of identification marks is greater than the first threshold value, it indicates that the fault energy storage battery unit does not execute the control instruction, causing the identification mark to be enriched, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the fault energy storage battery unit, solving the problem of running fault existing but cannot be positioned, and realizing accurate positioning of the fault battery unit.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 In one embodiment, an energy storage device is provided, which includes an energy storage battery unit, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS) and a fault diagnosis module; the fault diagnosis module is configured to execute the method of any one of the preceding embodiments to realize positioning of the running fault of the energy storage device.

[0055] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module includes: A special identification code injection unit for inserting an identification mark into a control signal through a sensor; An identification detection unit for determining whether the battery in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark; An enrichment analysis unit for determining the fault area, fault battery and fault source based on the time distribution, number distribution or position distribution of the identification mark.

[0056] Among them, the fault diagnosis module is divided into a special identification code injection unit, an identification detection unit and an enrichment analysis unit. Modular design facilitates the decoupling of identification mark injection, detection and enrichment analysis functions, and improves the scalability of the diagnosis system.

[0057] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module further includes: A fault type discrimination unit for determining that the fault type belongs to at least one of instruction logic link nesting error, delay or cache residual error, cross-module interaction error, hidden signal distortion error or disguised instruction error according to the detection results of the fault area, fault battery and fault source; A report output unit for generating a diagnosis report and outputting corresponding maintenance suggestions or control strategies after determining the fault type.

[0058] The fault type distinguishing unit and the report output unit are added to realize the whole-process closed loop from detection to diagnosis and decision output, realize the automatic classification of faults and the output of diagnosis results, and support intelligent maintenance and control decision.

[0059] The special identification code injection unit is configured to, in response to detecting that the energy storage device has an operation fault and the fault position cannot be located, control all sensors to trigger to generate identification marks, and insert the identification marks into control signals used for controlling the operation of the energy storage device.

[0060] The identification detection unit is configured to determine whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area identifies the identification mark.

[0061] The enrichment analysis unit is configured to, in response to any energy storage battery unit of the battery placement area identifying the identification mark, mark the battery placement area where the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark is located as a fault area; continuously trigger the sensor corresponding to the fault area within a first time length to generate continuous identification marks, insert each identification mark into a control signal used for controlling the operation of the energy storage device, and after a second time length, detect the energy storage battery unit in the fault area that enriches the identification mark, mark the energy storage battery unit that enriches the identification mark as a fault energy storage battery unit; and detect a control element in the fault energy storage battery unit that enriches the identification mark, mark the operation program and the control element in the fault energy storage battery unit that enrich the identification mark as a fault source.

[0062] In the embodiment, the sensor is at least one of the following: a hardware sensor configured to directly insert an identification mark into a signal link of an energy storage battery unit at a circuit level; a software sensor configured to generate and embed an identification mark in an operation program or control logic; a hybrid sensor configured to simultaneously insert a physical layer identification mark at a hardware side and generate a logical layer identification mark at a software side to realize cross-level synchronous injection and redundant verification.

[0063] In the above energy storage device fault positioning apparatus, after an interference signal is detected, an identification mark can be generated by a sensor, and the identification mark can be inserted into a control signal used for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of identification marks identified is greater than a first threshold value, it indicates that the fault energy storage battery unit does not execute the control instruction, causing the identification mark to be enriched, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the fault energy storage battery unit, solving the problem that the operation fault exists but cannot be located, and realizing accurate positioning of the fault battery unit.

[0064] The specific definition of the energy storage device fault positioning apparatus can refer to the definition of the energy storage device fault positioning method, which is not repeated here. Each module in the energy storage device fault positioning apparatus can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of the computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0065] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps: In response to detecting the interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage cell, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal; During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in the target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and executed; At a time point after the first time period ends plus the average execution time of the control instructions, the number of energy storage cells that identify the identification mark is counted within a second time period; The energy storage cells whose number of identified identification marks is greater than the first threshold are marked as faulty energy storage cells.

[0066] The specific definition of the computer program executed by the processor to implement the steps can refer to the definition of the energy storage device fault positioning method, which is not repeated here.

[0067] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the methods can be included. Any reference to memory, storage, databases, or other media in the embodiments provided by the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMbus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0069] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, some modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of fault locating in an energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises a plurality of energy storage battery units, and the method comprises: In response to detecting the interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal; During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in a target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and executed; At a time point after the first time period ends and the average execution time of the control instructions, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is identified is counted within a second time period after the elimination of the identification mark in the target control signal is executed; Energy storage battery units in which the number of identification marks identified is greater than a first threshold value are marked as faulty energy storage battery units.

2. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 1, wherein, The energy storage battery unit comprises a plurality of monitoring areas, and the response to detecting the interference signal, obtaining the control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting the identification mark into all control instructions within the first time period after detecting the interference signal comprises: Obtaining a sensor signal arranged in the plurality of monitoring areas and determining the type of the sensor signal; In response to the type of the sensor signal in a target monitoring area being an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area, and continuously inserting the identification mark into the control instructions within the first time period after detecting the interference signal.

3. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 2, wherein, The obtaining of the control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area and the continuously inserting of the identification mark into the control instructions within the first time period after detecting the interference signal comprises: Obtaining all control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device in which the interference signal is detected, and inserting the identification mark into each control instruction; Determining whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area identifies the identification mark; In response to any energy storage battery unit in the battery placement area identifying the identification mark, marking the battery placement area in which the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark is located as a fault area; Obtaining target control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the fault area, and continuously inserting the identification mark into all target control instructions within the first time period after detecting the interference signal.

4. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 3, wherein, The energy storage device comprises a battery management system and an energy management system; The determination of whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area identifies the identification mark comprises: Detecting whether the identification mark is contained in voltage, current, and temperature control instructions collected by the battery management system; Detecting whether the identification mark is contained in scheduling instructions or inverter control instructions of the energy management system; If it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, detecting whether a target control signal after the elimination of the identification mark is normally executed and feeding back the execution completion; If the target control signal is normally executed and the execution completion is fed back, recording the processing process and result of the identification mark, which is used as reference data for fault positioning and analysis. If the target control signal is not executed normally, the energy storage cell in which the target control signal is not executed normally is marked as a faulty energy storage cell.

5. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 1, wherein, Inserting an identification mark into all control instructions includes: Obtaining a type of the control signal, the type of the control signal including a communication data frame, a control instruction and an analog signal; Determining an insertion mode of the identification mark according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification mark is inserted in a reserved bit section of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted in an additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in carrier modulation of the analog signal.

6. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 1, wherein, The step of starting at a time point after the first time length ends plus an average execution time length of the control instruction and counting a number of the identification marks identified in each energy storage cell within a second time length includes: The step of starting at a time point after the first time length ends plus an average execution time length of the control instruction and counting, by a register or a statistical module, a number of the identification marks in the control instruction which is not executed or eliminated within a second time length.

7. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Obtaining real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device in a current running state, and identifying a plurality of health indicators related to a running fault of the energy storage device from the real-time monitoring data; Determining a weight of each health indicator according to historical running data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device; Calculating a weighted average value according to a measurement value of each health indicator and the weight of each health indicator to obtain a health degree value; Determining a probability of the energy storage cell having a running interference fault according to the health degree value, and determining an initial value of the first threshold according to the probability of the energy storage cell having the running interference fault; Building an energy storage device control model of the energy storage device according to real-time data of the energy storage device in the current running state, inputting the probability of the energy storage cell having the running interference fault into the energy storage device control model, and simulating fault feedback information of the energy storage device in a preset working environment, the fault feedback information including fault positioning accuracy, control response time and device state change parameter; Calculating a correction bias value according to the fault feedback information, and correcting the initial value of the first threshold according to the correction bias value to obtain a final value of the first threshold.

8. The energy storage device fault locating method of claim 7, wherein, The step of determining the weight of each health indicator according to the historical running data and the real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device includes: obtaining a mean value μ of historical running data of the i-th health indicator i and a standard deviation σ i , obtaining a current value x i of real-time monitoring data of the i-th health indicator By S i =1 / (1+σ i )determine the historical stability coefficient of the i th health indicator; By R i =1+|x i -μ i | / μ i determining a real-time deviation coefficient of the i th health indicator; By W i ′ = S i × R i determining a comprehensive weight score of the i-th health indicator; According to W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j ′ determine the weight of the i-th health indicator, where j is the total number of health indicators; The step of determining the probability of the energy storage cell having the running interference fault according to the health degree value and determining the initial value of the first threshold according to the probability of the energy storage cell having the running interference fault includes: Obtaining a fault element according to the historical running data of the energy storage device, obtaining an error occurrence number and a probability of the fault element having the running interference fault, and determining a basic weight of the fault element according to the probability of the fault element having the running interference fault; Obtaining a growth coefficient of the fault element according to a time interval of the fault element having the running interference fault; Determining a fault weight of the fault element according to a product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient; determine a fault heat value of the fault element according to a product of the error reporting times of the fault element and the fault weight; determine an initial value of the first threshold according to the fault heat value; wherein a calculation formula of the fault heat value of the fault element is: Heat_Value=Weight×Ac; Weight is the weight of the fault element, Ac is the error reporting times of the fault element, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the fault element; The calculation formula of the weight Weight of the fault element is: Weight=Weight_Base*L; wherein Weight_Base is a basic weight of the fault element, L is a growth coefficient, the value of the growth coefficient L is set according to the error reporting times Ac of the fault element, L=a Ac , a is a constant, 1.1<=a<=1.

3. wherein a basic weight Weight_Base of the fault element is (α×C+β×F+γ×R) / (α+β+γ), wherein C is an element importance / hazard degree, F is a historical fault frequency normalized value, R is a measurement / detection reliability score, α is a weight coefficient of the element importance / hazard degree, β is a weight coefficient of the historical fault frequency normalized value, and γ is a weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

9. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises an energy storage battery unit, a battery management system, an energy management system, and a fault diagnosis module; the fault diagnosis module is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 to realize positioning of an operation fault of the energy storage device.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, The fault diagnosis module comprises: a special identification code injection unit configured to insert an identification mark into a control signal through a sensor; an identification detection unit configured to determine whether a battery in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark; an enrichment analysis unit configured to determine a fault area, a fault battery, and a fault source based on a time distribution, a quantity distribution, or a position distribution of the identification mark.

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