Energy storage device fault location method and energy storage device

Abstract

The application relates to a method for positioning faults of an energy storage device and the energy storage device, and relates to the technical field of energy storage devices. After an interference signal is detected, an identification mark can be triggered by a sensor, the identification mark is inserted into a control signal used for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of the identification marks is greater than a first threshold value, it is indicated that a fault energy storage cell does not execute a control instruction, so that the identification marks are enriched, and therefore, the number of the identification marks can be used to find the fault energy storage cell, the problem that an operation fault exists but cannot be positioned is solved, and accurate positioning of the fault cell is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to an energy storage device fault positioning method and an energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the large-scale access of new energy and the popularity of energy storage applications, energy storage devices are widely deployed in grid peak shaving, distributed energy management, and standby power supply scenarios. Energy storage devices are usually composed of a large number of energy storage battery units, and are cooperatively operated with a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and an inverter control system.

[0003] However, the fault detection and positioning methods in the prior art mainly rely on monitoring of conventional parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. When the energy storage device has a running fault, it can only detect an abnormal state, but cannot quickly and accurately locate the specific battery unit or control element. For example, partial cross-module or cross-link logical errors can cause fault signals to be masked; implicit errors caused by network latency or cache residues are not easy to be discovered in time; external communication interference or malicious attacks are more likely to cause disguised instruction abnormalities, which are difficult to distinguish by conventional methods. These problems cause the energy storage device to have a "fault but cannot determine the location" during operation, increasing maintenance costs and affecting the safety and stability of the system. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, an energy storage device fault positioning method and an energy storage device are provided to solve the technical problems of the prior art that the running fault of the energy storage device cannot be quickly positioned, the diagnosis is not accurate enough, and the fault type is difficult to distinguish.

[0005] In one aspect, an energy storage device fault positioning method is provided, the energy storage device comprising a plurality of energy storage battery units, the method comprising:

[0006] In response to detecting an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal;

[0007] During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in a target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and executed;

[0008] At a time point after the termination of the first time period plus the average execution time of the control instructions, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is identified is counted within a second time period;

[0009] The energy storage battery unit in which the number of identified identification marks is greater than a first threshold value is marked as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0010] Further, the energy storage battery unit comprises a plurality of monitoring areas, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit is obtained in response to the detection of the interference signal, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all control instructions within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising:

[0011] The sensor signal set in the plurality of monitoring areas is obtained, and the type of the sensor signal is judged;

[0012] In response to the type of the sensor signal in the target monitoring area being an interference signal, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into the control instruction within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0013] Further, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into the control instruction within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising:

[0014] All control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device detecting the interference signal are obtained, and the identification mark is inserted into each control instruction;

[0015] It is judged whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark;

[0016] In response to any energy storage battery unit in the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, the battery placement area where the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark is located is marked as a fault area;

[0017] The target control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the fault area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all target control instructions within the first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0018] Further, the energy storage device comprises a battery management system and an energy management system; the judgment of whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark comprises:

[0019] It is detected whether the identification mark is contained in the voltage, current, and temperature control instructions collected by the battery management system;

[0020] It is detected whether the identification mark is contained in the scheduling instruction or inverter control instruction of the energy management system;

[0021] If it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, it is detected whether the target control signal after the elimination of the identification mark is normally executed and feedback is executed;

[0022] If the target control signal is executed normally and feedback is executed, the processing process and result of the identification mark are recorded as reference data for fault positioning and analysis;

[0023] If the target control signal is not executed normally, the energy storage battery unit in which the target control signal is not executed normally is marked as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0024] Further, the identification mark is inserted into all control instructions, including:

[0025] The type of the control signal is obtained, and the type of the control signal includes a communication data frame, a control instruction, and an analog signal;

[0026] The insertion mode of the identification mark is determined according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification mark is inserted in a reserved bit segment of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted in an additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0027] Further, the number of identification marks in each energy storage battery unit is counted in a second duration starting at the moment after the first duration ends plus the average execution duration of the control instruction, including:

[0028] The number of identification marks in the control instruction that is not executed or eliminated is counted by a register or a statistical module in a second duration starting at the moment after the first duration ends plus the average execution duration of the control instruction.

[0029] Further, the method further includes:

[0030] Real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device in the current running state is obtained, and a plurality of health indicators related to the running fault of the energy storage device are identified from the real-time monitoring data;

[0031] The weight of each health indicator is determined according to the historical running data and the real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device;

[0032] A weighted average value is calculated according to the measurement values of a plurality of health indicators and the weight of each health indicator to obtain a health degree value;

[0033] The probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault is determined according to the health degree value, and the initial value of the first threshold is determined according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault;

[0034] According to the real-time data of the energy storage device in the current operating state, an energy storage device control model is constructed for the energy storage device, a probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring an operating disturbance fault is input into the energy storage device control model, and fault feedback information of the energy storage device in a preset working environment is simulated, the fault feedback information including fault positioning accuracy, control response time, and device state change parameter.

[0035] According to the fault feedback information, a correction bias value is calculated, and an initial value of the first threshold value is corrected according to the correction bias value to obtain a final value of the first threshold value.

[0036] Further, the determination of the weight of each health indicator according to the historical operation data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device includes:

[0037] obtaining a mean value μ of the historical operation data of the i th health indicator i and a standard deviation σ i , and obtaining a current value x of the real-time monitoring data of the i th health indicator i .

[0038] determining a historical stability coefficient of the i th health indicator by S i =1 / (1+σ i );

[0039] determining a real-time deviation coefficient of the i th health indicator by R i =1+|x i -μ i | / μ i ;

[0040] determining a comprehensive weight score of the i th health indicator by W i ′=S i ×R i ;

[0041] determining the weight of the i th health indicator according to W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j ′, wherein j is the total number of health indicators;

[0042] wherein, according to the health degree value, the probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring an operating disturbance fault is determined, and the initial value of the first threshold value is determined according to the probability of the energy storage battery cell occurring an operating disturbance fault.

[0043] According to the historical operation data of the energy storage device, a fault element is obtained, the number of error reports and the probability of the fault element occurring an operating disturbance fault are obtained, and a basic weight of the fault element is determined according to the probability of the fault element occurring an operating disturbance fault.

[0044] obtaining a growth coefficient of the faulty element according to a time interval in which the faulty element causes an operation disturbance fault;

[0045] determining a fault weight of the faulty element according to a product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient;

[0046] determining a fault heat value of the faulty element according to a product of the error reporting times of the faulty element and the fault weight;

[0047] determining an initial value of the first threshold according to the fault heat value;

[0048] wherein, the calculation formula of the fault heat value of the faulty element is: Heat_Value=Weight×Ac; Weight is the weight of the faulty element, Ac is the error reporting times of the faulty element, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the faulty element;

[0049] wherein, the calculation formula of the weight Weight of the faulty element is: Weight=Weight_Base×L; wherein, Weight_Base is the basic weight of the faulty element, and L is the growth coefficient, the value of the growth coefficient L is set according to the error reporting times Ac of the faulty element, L=a Ac , a is a constant, 1.1≤a≤1.3;

[0050] wherein, the basic weight Weight_Base of the faulty element is (α×C+β×F+γ×R) / (α+β+γ), wherein C is the element importance / hazard degree, F is the historical fault frequency normalized value, R is the measurement / detection reliability score, α is the weight coefficient of the element importance / hazard degree, β is the weight coefficient of the historical fault frequency normalized value, and γ is the weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

[0051] In another aspect, a kind of energy storage equipment is provided, the energy storage equipment includes energy storage battery unit, battery management system (BMS), energy management system (EMS) and fault diagnosis module;The fault diagnosis module is configured to execute the method described in any one of the preceding, to realize the positioning of the operation fault of the energy storage equipment.

[0052] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module includes:

[0053] A special identification code injection unit is used to insert an identification mark into a control signal through a sensor.

[0054] An identification detection unit is used to determine whether the batteries in each battery placement area recognize the identification mark.

[0055] The enrichment analysis unit is configured to determine a fault area, a fault battery, and a fault source based on a time distribution, a quantity distribution, or a location distribution of the identification mark.

[0056] The energy storage device fault positioning method and the energy storage device can generate an identification mark through a sensor trigger after detecting an interference signal, and the identification mark is inserted into a control signal used to control the operation of the energy storage device. When the number of the identification marks is greater than a first threshold, it indicates that the fault energy storage battery unit does not execute the control instruction, causing the enrichment of the identification marks. Therefore, the fault energy storage battery unit can be found according to the number of the identification marks, the problem that the running fault exists but cannot be positioned is solved, and the fault battery unit is accurately positioned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0058] Figure 1 The flowchart of the energy storage device fault positioning method in one embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0059] Figure 2 The structural block diagram of the energy storage device in one embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following will further describe the present application in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0061] As described in the background, with the development of distributed energy, home energy storage and emergency power systems, energy storage battery units (such as lithium batteries, sodium ion batteries, etc.) are widely used in homes, industries and social public facilities.

[0062] Energy storage battery units may have various faults during operation, such as: hidden faults that are difficult to detect: cell micro-short circuit, polarization imbalance, local capacity attenuation, etc., which are difficult to be found in time by traditional voltage and current monitoring; special error state: abnormal operation instructions caused by control logic, communication interference or external environment, these errors may be hidden in normal operation data stream, and are difficult to locate; multi-level system coupling fault: the interaction between battery management system (BMS), inverter and energy management system (EMS) may produce hidden logic error or deadlock, which cannot be accurately identified by traditional diagnosis means.

[0063] The existing energy storage device mainly relies on the detection of physical quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, etc., and can easily detect abnormal operation parameters, communication packet loss / CRC check failure and command conflict. Hidden signal distortion type faults, such as external sensor signals or collected signals falling within the normal range in value, but the real deviation causing abnormal operation, or delay / cache residual type faults such as network delay or cache retention, being executed at a non-target time point, thereby causing operation deviation, or disguised instruction type faults such as no difference in format and value from normal instructions, but abnormal source (such as attack, bug, interference), belonging to "false normal" errors. These hidden signal distortion type faults, delay / cache residual type faults or disguised instruction type faults are also difficult to accurately identify the fault location, resulting in difficult after-sales maintenance of the energy storage device.

[0064] The embodiment of the application creatively proposes an energy storage device fault positioning method, which solves the technical problems that the existing energy storage device has hidden faults, abnormal operation instructions, multi-level system coupling faults, hidden signal distortion type faults, delay / cache residual type faults or disguised instruction type faults during operation, which are difficult to detect, causing difficulty in accurately identifying the fault location, resulting in difficult after-sales maintenance of the energy storage device, thereby realizing:

[0065] Quickly locking the fault area, the fault battery unit and the fault source;

[0066] Enhancing fault observability through cross-level identification mark injection;

[0067] Distinguishing different types of hidden, delayed or disguised errors;

[0068] Outputting a diagnosis report and a maintenance strategy to improve operation safety and operation efficiency.

[0069] In one embodiment, an energy storage device fault positioning method is provided, which is applied to an energy storage device. The energy storage battery unit setting area of the energy storage device is divided into a plurality of battery placement areas, each battery placement area corresponding to at least one energy storage battery unit, and a sensor for generating an identification mark is arranged in each battery placement area. The sensor is electrically connected to each energy storage battery unit in the corresponding battery placement area.

[0070] As shown in Figure 1 The energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage battery units, and the energy storage device fault positioning method includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S1, in response to detecting an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal;

[0072] Step S2, during normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in the target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and execution is performed;

[0073] Step S3, at the time point after the first time length ends plus the average execution time length of the control instruction, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is identified is counted within a second time length;

[0074] Step S4, the energy storage battery unit in which the number of identification marks identified is greater than the first threshold is marked as a faulty energy storage battery unit.

[0075] Wherein, after detecting the interference signal, the identification mark can be generated by the sensor trigger, and the identification mark is inserted into the control signal for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of identification marks identified is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the faulty energy storage battery unit does not execute the control instruction, causing the identification mark to be enriched, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the faulty energy storage battery unit, solving the problem of existing operation failure but unable to locate, and realizing accurate positioning of the faulty battery unit.

[0076] Wherein, during normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified, the control signal containing the identification mark is eliminated; when it is identified that there is a control signal containing the identification mark in the energy storage device which has not been eliminated, it is determined that the energy storage device has an operation failure and the fault location cannot be located.

[0077] Wherein, the identification mark is preset in the running control system, and whether there is a difficult-to-locate fault is determined by eliminating or detecting residual error signals, which can discover potential unlocatable abnormal conditions in advance during normal operation of the device, and improve the initiative and robustness of system fault detection.

[0078] Wherein the identification mark is a virtual code segment or a special mark signal that cannot be executed by the system, and is used to distinguish from normal operation instructions, signals or control codes.

[0079] In this embodiment, the sensor is at least one of the following:

[0080] Hardware sensor, for inserting identification mark into energy storage battery unit signal link at circuit level;

[0081] Software sensor, for generating and embedding identification mark in running program or control logic;

[0082] Hybrid sensor, for simultaneously inserting physical layer identification mark on hardware side and generating logical layer identification mark on software side to realize cross-level synchronous injection and redundancy verification.

[0083] The multi-level injection of the identification mark is realized by a hardware sensor, a software sensor or a hybrid sensor. Both physical signals can be inserted at the circuit level and virtual signals can be injected at the logic level to realize cross-level redundancy verification and enhance the reliability and comprehensiveness of fault detection.

[0084] In the embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0085] The control element in the fault energy storage battery unit rich in the identification mark is detected, and the operation program and the control element rich in the identification mark in the fault energy storage battery unit are marked as a fault source.

[0086] Specifically, by triggering the identification mark and inserting the control signal during fault detection, the battery placement area, the fault battery unit and the fault source are located step by step, the problem that the operation fault exists but cannot be located is solved, and the hierarchical accurate positioning of the fault area, the fault battery unit and the fault source is realized.

[0087] The energy storage battery unit rich in the identification mark in the fault area and the control element rich in the identification mark in the fault energy storage battery unit are detected by counting the time distribution, quantity distribution or position distribution of the instructions containing the identification mark in the target fault area.

[0088] In the embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0089] According to the identified fault area, the fault energy storage battery unit and the fault source, the fault type is determined, wherein the fault type comprises at least one of the following:

[0090] Instruction logic link nesting error, which is the enrichment of the identification mark caused by cross-module or multi-step execution;

[0091] Delay or cache residual error, which is the enrichment of the identification mark caused by network delay or cache retention;

[0092] Cross-module interaction error, which is the enrichment of the identification mark when interacting between different subsystems;

[0093] Hidden signal distortion error, which is that the external sensor or energy storage battery unit parameter acquisition signal falls within the normal threshold range in value, but the identification mark is enriched in the running process;

[0094] Camouflage type instruction error, which is the enrichment of the identification mark caused by abnormal external communication, malicious attack or control software vulnerability.

[0095] Further, the energy storage battery unit comprises a plurality of monitoring areas, and the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit is obtained in response to the detection of the interference signal, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising:

[0096] The sensor signal set in the plurality of monitoring areas is obtained, and the type of the sensor signal is determined;

[0097] In response to the type of the sensor signal in the target monitoring area being an interference signal, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into the control instruction within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0098] Further, the control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into the control instruction within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal, comprising:

[0099] All control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device that detects the interference signal are obtained, and the identification mark is inserted into each control instruction;

[0100] It is determined whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark;

[0101] In response to any energy storage battery unit in the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, the battery placement area where the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark is located is marked as a fault area;

[0102] The target control instruction for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the fault area is obtained, and the identification mark is continuously inserted into all target control instructions within a first time period after the detection of the interference signal.

[0103] In the present embodiment, the determination of whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark comprises:

[0104] It is detected whether the identification mark is contained in the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters collected by the battery management system (BMS);

[0105] It is detected whether the identification mark is contained in the scheduling instruction of the energy management system (EMS) or the inverter control instruction.

[0106] In the BMS collected parameters and EMS scheduling instruction / inverter control instruction, the identification mark is detected to realize double detection of the electrical parameter layer and the system control layer, and to improve the accuracy and integrity of fault identification.

[0107] Further, the identification mark is inserted into all control instructions, including:

[0108] The type of the control signal is acquired, including communication data frame, control instruction and analog signal;

[0109] The insertion mode of the identification mark is determined according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification mark is inserted in the reserved bit section of the communication data frame, the identification mark is inserted in the additional field of the control instruction, and the identification mark is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0110] Further, the energy storage device includes a battery management system and an energy management system; and the determination of whether the identification mark is recognized by each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area includes:

[0111] The identification mark is detected in the voltage, current and temperature control instructions collected by the battery management system;

[0112] The identification mark is detected in the scheduling instructions or inverter control instructions of the energy management system;

[0113] If it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, it is detected whether the target control signal after the identification mark is eliminated is normally executed and feedback is executed;

[0114] If the target control signal is normally executed and feedback is executed, the processing process and result of the identification mark are recorded as reference data for fault positioning and analysis;

[0115] If the target control signal is not normally executed, the energy storage battery unit in which the target control signal is not normally executed is marked as a fault energy storage battery unit.

[0116] Further, the number of energy storage battery units in which the identification mark is recognized is counted in a second duration starting at the time point after the first duration ends plus the average execution duration of the control instruction, including:

[0117] The number of control instructions containing the identification mark is counted in the second duration starting at the time point after the first duration ends plus the average execution duration of the control instruction through a register or a statistical module.

[0118] The first duration and the second duration are dynamically adjusted according to the type of the energy storage battery unit, the charging and discharging state or the operation mode, so as to improve the accuracy of fault positioning.

[0119] Further, the method further includes:

[0120] obtaining real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device in a current operating state, identifying a plurality of health indicators related to the operating failure of the energy storage device from the real-time monitoring data;

[0121] determining the weight of each health indicator according to the historical operating data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device;

[0122] calculating a weighted average value according to the measured values of the plurality of health indicators and the weight of each health indicator to obtain a health degree value;

[0123] determining the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring an operating interference failure according to the health degree value, and determining the initial value of the first threshold according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring an operating interference failure;

[0124] constructing an energy storage device control model for the energy storage device according to the real-time data of the energy storage device in the current operating state, inputting the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring an operating interference failure into the energy storage device control model, simulating failure feedback information of the energy storage device in a preset working environment, the failure feedback information including failure positioning accuracy, control response time, and device state change parameter;

[0125] calculating a correction bias value according to the failure feedback information, and correcting the initial value of the first threshold according to the correction bias value to obtain the final value of the first threshold.

[0126] The health indicators are key characteristic parameters that can reflect the operating state, performance degradation, and potential failure risk of the energy storage device. Typical contents include internal resistance, capacity retention rate, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), voltage consistency, and temperature distribution at the cell level, which are used to characterize the electrochemical performance and aging degree of the battery monomer; charging and discharging efficiency, current fluctuation rate, SOC balance degree, power response rate, DC / AC conversion efficiency, and temperature control system operating state at the system level, which are used to reflect the energy conversion efficiency and operating stability of the energy storage system; in addition, it also includes temperature and humidity stability, insulation resistance, fire and alarm system state, vibration and noise level at the environment and safety level, which are used to evaluate the external operating conditions and safety protection conditions. Through real-time monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of the above-mentioned multiple health indicators, the operating health status of the energy storage device can be comprehensively reflected, and the basis for failure warning, state evaluation, and life prediction is provided.

[0127] Further, the determination of the weight of each health indicator according to the historical operating data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device comprises:

[0128] obtaining the mean μ of the historical operating data of the i-th health indicator i and the standard deviation σ i, the current value x of the real-time monitoring data of the i th health index is acquired i ;

[0129] The S i =1 / (1+σ i ) is determined as the historical stability coefficient of the i th health index;

[0130] The R i =1+|x i -μ i | / μ i is determined as the real-time deviation coefficient of the i th health index;

[0131] The W i ′=S i ×R i is determined as the comprehensive weight score of the i th health index;

[0132] The W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j ′ is determined as the weight of the i th health index, wherein j is the total number of health indexes;

[0133] According to the health degree value, the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault is determined, and determining the initial value of the first threshold according to the probability of the energy storage battery unit occurring a running interference fault includes:

[0134] According to the historical operation data of the energy storage device, a fault element is acquired, the error reporting times and the probability of the fault element occurring a running interference fault are acquired, and the basic weight of the fault element is determined according to the probability of the fault element occurring a running interference fault;

[0135] According to the time interval of the fault element occurring a running interference fault, the growth coefficient of the fault element is acquired;

[0136] According to the product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient, the fault weight of the fault element is determined;

[0137] According to the product of the error reporting times of the fault element and the fault weight, the fault heat value of the fault element is determined;

[0138] According to the fault heat value, the initial value of the first threshold is determined;

[0139] Wherein, the calculation formula of the fault heat value of the fault element is: Heat_Value=Weight×Ac;Weight is the weight of the fault element, Ac is the error reporting times of the fault element, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the fault element;

[0140] wherein the weight Weight of the faulty element is calculated by the formula: Weight = Weight_Base x L; wherein Weight_Base is the basic weight of the faulty element, and L is a growth coefficient, the value of the growth coefficient L being set according to the error reporting frequency Ac of the faulty element, L = a Ac , a is a constant, 1.1 ≤ a ≤ 1.3;

[0141] wherein the basic weight Weight_Base of the faulty element is (α x C + β x F + γ x R) / (α + β + γ), wherein C is the element importance / hazard degree, F is the historical failure frequency normalized value, R is the measurement / detection reliability score, α is the weight coefficient of the element importance / hazard degree, β is the weight coefficient of the historical failure frequency normalized value, and γ is the weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

[0142] wherein the identification results of the fault area, the faulty battery unit and the fault source are combined to further distinguish different types of faults, such as logical nested errors, delay residual errors, cross-module interaction errors, hidden distortion errors and disguised instruction errors. Not only can the specific fault location be located, but also the fault cause can be accurately identified, which is helpful for taking targeted operation and maintenance measures.

[0143] In the embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0144] In response to determining the fault type, a diagnostic report is generated, and corresponding maintenance recommendations or control strategies are output.

[0145] wherein after the fault location and fault type determination are completed, a diagnostic report is generated and maintenance recommendations or control strategies are output, providing decision support for operation and maintenance personnel, reducing manual analysis time, and improving the maintainability and security of the system.

[0146] In the embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0147] After determining the fault type, the fault is classified into levels, wherein the fault levels include:

[0148] Level 1 fault: a fault that affects the operation performance of a single energy storage battery unit but does not affect the overall system safety;

[0149] Level 2 fault: a fault that affects the operation of multiple energy storage battery units or local modules, which may cause system performance degradation but can continue to operate;

[0150] Level 3 fault: a fault that affects the key operation loop or control link of the energy storage device, which may cause system downtime or safety risks.

[0151] The fault level classification results are used to generate diagnostic reports and provide a basis for hierarchical control of operation and maintenance strategies, power scheduling, or emergency response. By adding level classification to the fault diagnosis results, not only can the location and type of the fault be located, but the severity of the fault can also be clarified. This allows for the development of differentiated maintenance measures for different levels of faults, improves the fault tolerance and security of the system, supports intelligent hierarchical scheduling and operation and maintenance strategies, and achieves closed-loop optimization from detection and diagnosis to decision-making.

[0152] In this embodiment, the step of continuously inserting identification tags into all control commands within a first time period after detecting interference signals includes:

[0153] The type of the control command is obtained, and the type of the control command includes communication data frames, control commands, and analog signals;

[0154] The insertion method of the identification identifier is determined according to the type of the control command, wherein the identification identifier is inserted in the reserved bit segment of the communication data frame, the identification identifier is inserted in the additional field of the control command, or the identification identifier is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

[0155] Specifically, for three types of control commands—communication data frames, control commands, and analog signals—different methods for inserting identification tags are designed to achieve compatibility support for different types of control signals and improve the applicability and versatility of the fault location method.

[0156] In the above-mentioned energy storage device fault location method, after detecting an interference signal, an identification mark can be generated by a sensor and inserted into the control signal used to control the operation of the energy storage device. When the number of identification marks is greater than a first threshold, it indicates that the faulty energy storage battery unit has not executed the control command, resulting in the enrichment of the identification marks. Therefore, the faulty energy storage battery unit can be found based on the number of identification marks, solving the problem that the operating fault exists but cannot be located, and realizing the accurate location of the faulty battery unit.

[0157] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, an energy storage device is provided, the energy storage device including an energy storage battery cell, a battery management system (BMS), an energy management system (EMS), and a fault diagnosis module; the fault diagnosis module is configured to execute the method described in any of the preceding descriptions to locate operational faults in the energy storage device.

[0158] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module includes:

[0159] A special identification code injection unit is used to insert identification marks into the control signal via a sensor;

[0160] An identification detection unit is configured to determine whether the batteries in each battery placement area recognize the identification mark.

[0161] An enrichment analysis unit is configured to determine the fault area, the fault battery, and the fault source based on the time distribution, the quantity distribution, or the location distribution of the identification mark.

[0162] The fault diagnosis module is subdivided into the special identification code injection unit, the identification detection unit, and the enrichment analysis unit. The modular design facilitates the decoupling of the functions of identification mark injection, detection, and enrichment analysis, and improves the scalability of the diagnosis system.

[0163] In one embodiment, the fault diagnosis module further includes:

[0164] A fault type determination unit is configured to determine, according to the detection results of the fault area, the fault battery, and the fault source, that the fault type belongs to at least one of an instruction logic link nesting error, a delay or cache residual error, a cross-module interaction error, a hidden signal distortion error, or a disguised instruction error.

[0165] A report output unit is configured to generate a diagnosis report after determining the fault type, and output corresponding maintenance suggestions or control strategies.

[0166] The fault type determination unit and the report output unit are added to realize a full-process closed loop from detection to diagnosis and decision output, to realize automatic classification of faults and output of diagnosis results, and to support intelligent maintenance and control decisions.

[0167] The special identification code injection unit is configured to, in response to detecting that the energy storage device has a running fault and the fault location cannot be located, control all sensors to trigger the generation of identification marks, and insert the identification marks into control signals used to control the running of the energy storage device.

[0168] The identification detection unit is configured to determine whether each energy storage battery unit in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark.

[0169] The enrichment analysis unit is configured to, in response to any energy storage battery unit of the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, mark the battery placement area in which the energy storage battery unit with the identification mark as a fault area; control the sensors corresponding to the fault area to continuously trigger to generate continuous identification marks within a first time period, insert each identification mark into control signals used to control the running of the energy storage device, and after a second time period, detect the energy storage battery units in the fault area that enrich the identification mark, mark the energy storage battery units that enrich the identification mark as fault energy storage battery units; detect the control elements in the fault energy storage battery units that enrich the identification mark, and mark the running programs and the control elements in the fault energy storage battery units that enrich the identification mark as fault sources.

[0170] In the embodiment, the sensor is at least one of the following:

[0171] a hardware sensor for inserting an identification mark into a signal link of an energy storage battery unit at a circuit level directly;

[0172] a software sensor for generating and embedding an identification mark in a running program or control logic;

[0173] a hybrid sensor for simultaneously inserting a physical layer identification mark at a hardware side and generating a logical layer identification mark at a software side to realize synchronous injection and redundant verification across layers.

[0174] In the energy storage device fault positioning apparatus, after detecting an interference signal, an identification mark is triggered by a sensor to be inserted into a control signal for controlling the operation of the energy storage device; when the number of identification marks is greater than a first threshold, it indicates that the faulty energy storage battery unit does not execute the control instruction, resulting in enrichment of the identification marks, so the number of identification marks can be used to find the faulty energy storage battery unit, solving the problem of existing operation failure but unable to locate, and realizing accurate positioning of the faulty battery unit.

[0175] For specific limitations of the energy storage device fault positioning apparatus, refer to the limitations of the energy storage device fault positioning method in the foregoing, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the energy storage device fault positioning apparatus can be realized by software, hardware, and combinations thereof, in whole or in part. Each module can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory in the computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0176] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0177] In response to detecting an interference signal, obtaining control instructions for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit, and continuously inserting an identification mark into all control instructions within a first time period after detecting the interference signal;

[0178] During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification mark is identified in the target control signal, the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated and executed;

[0179] At a time point after the termination of the first time period plus the average execution time of the control instruction, the number of identification marks identified in each energy storage battery unit is counted within a second time period;

[0180] identify the energy storage battery units whose number of identified identification marks is greater than the first threshold as faulty energy storage battery units.

[0181] The specific limitations of the steps implemented by the computer program when executed by the processor can be found in the above description of the method for locating faults in an energy storage device, which is not repeated here.

[0182] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the method. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided by the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0183] Any combination of the technical features of the above embodiments can be made. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0184] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for fault location in energy storage equipment, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes multiple energy storage battery units, and the method includes: In response to the detection of an interference signal, control commands for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit are acquired, and identification identifiers are continuously inserted into all control commands for a first duration after the interference signal is detected. During normal operation of the energy storage device, when the identification identifier is detected in the target control signal, the identification identifier in the target control signal is eliminated and the operation is executed. Starting from the moment after the average execution time of the control command is added to the end time of the first duration, the number of identification marks identified in each energy storage battery cell is counted within the second duration after the identification mark in the target control signal is eliminated. Energy storage battery cells whose number of identified identifiers exceeds a first threshold are marked as faulty energy storage battery cells. The energy storage battery unit includes several monitoring areas. In response to detecting an interference signal, control commands for operating each energy storage battery unit are acquired, and identification identifiers are continuously inserted into all control commands for a first time period after detecting the interference signal, including: Acquire sensor signals set in the plurality of monitoring areas and determine the type of the sensor signals; In response to the fact that the sensor signal in the target monitoring area is an interference signal, a control command for controlling the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the target monitoring area is obtained, and an identification mark is continuously inserted into the control command for a first time period after the interference signal is detected. The step of acquiring control commands for operating each energy storage battery unit within the target monitoring area, and continuously inserting identification identifiers into the control commands for a first time period after detecting an interference signal, includes: Acquire all control commands that control the operation of each energy storage battery unit in the energy storage device that detected the interference signal, and insert an identification mark into each control command; Determine whether each energy storage battery cell in each battery placement area recognizes the identification mark; In response to any energy storage battery cell in the battery placement area recognizing the identification mark, the battery placement area where the energy storage battery cell with the identification mark is located is marked as a fault area; The system acquires the target control commands for operating each energy storage battery unit within the fault zone, and continuously inserts identification identifiers into all target control commands within a first time period after detecting an interference signal.

2. The method for fault location of energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a battery management system and an energy management system; The step of determining whether each energy storage battery cell in each battery placement area has identified the identification mark includes: The identification identifier is detected in the voltage, current, and temperature control commands collected by the battery management system. The identification identifier is detected in the scheduling instructions or inverter control instructions of the energy management system. If it is detected that the energy storage battery unit does not contain the identification mark, then it is detected whether the target control signal after the identification mark is removed is executed normally and feedback is given that the execution is completed. If the target control signal is executed normally and feedback is completed, the processing process and result of this identification mark are recorded and used as reference data for fault location and analysis. If the target control signal is not executed normally, the energy storage battery unit for which the target control signal is not executed normally will be marked as a faulty energy storage battery unit.

3. The fault location method for energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inserting identification identifiers into all control commands includes: The type of the control signal is obtained, and the type of the control signal includes communication data frames, control commands, and analog signals; The insertion method of the identification identifier is determined according to the type of the control signal, wherein the identification identifier is inserted in the reserved bit segment of the communication data frame, the identification identifier is inserted in the additional field of the control command, and the identification identifier is embedded in the carrier modulation of the analog signal.

4. The fault location method for energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Starting from the moment after adding the average execution time of the control command to the end of the first duration, counting the number of identification tags identified in each energy storage battery cell during the second duration includes: Starting from the moment after adding the average execution time of the control instructions to the end of the first duration, during the second duration, the number of control instructions containing the identification identifier is counted in the unexecuted or eliminated control instructions through a register or statistics module.

5. The fault location method for energy storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system acquires real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device under its current operating state and identifies multiple health indicators related to the operational failure of the energy storage device from the real-time monitoring data. The weight of each health indicator is determined based on the historical operating data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device; The health score is obtained by calculating a weighted average of the measured values ​​of multiple health indicators and the weight of each health indicator. The probability of the energy storage battery unit experiencing operational interference faults is determined based on the health value, and the initial value of the first threshold is determined based on the probability of the energy storage battery unit experiencing operational interference faults. A control model for the energy storage device is constructed based on real-time data of the energy storage device under its current operating state. The probability of the energy storage battery unit experiencing operational interference faults is input into the control model to simulate the fault feedback information of the energy storage device under a preset working environment. The fault feedback information includes fault location accuracy, control response time, and equipment status change parameters. The correction deviation value is calculated based on the fault feedback information, and the initial value of the first threshold is corrected based on the correction deviation value to obtain the final value of the first threshold.

6. The fault location method for energy storage equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the weight of each health indicator based on the historical operating data and real-time monitoring data of the energy storage device includes: obtaining a mean value μ of historical running data of the i-th health indicator i and a standard deviation σ i , obtaining a current value x i of real-time monitoring data of the i-th health indicator Through S i =1 / (1+σ i Determine the historical stability coefficient of the i-th health indicator; Through R i =1+|x i -μ i | / μ i Determine the real-time deviation coefficient of the i-th health indicator; Through W i ′=S i ×R i Determine the overall weight score of the i-th health indicator; According to W i =W i ′ / ∑ j W j Determine the weight of the i-th health indicator, where j is the total number of health indicators; The determination of the probability of operational interference failure of the energy storage battery unit based on the health status value, and the determination of the initial value of the first threshold based on the probability of operational interference failure of the energy storage battery unit, include: Based on the historical operating data of the energy storage device, faulty components are obtained, the number of errors reported by the faulty components and the probability of operational interference faults are obtained, and the basic weight of the faulty components is determined based on the probability of operational interference faults. The growth coefficient of the faulty component is obtained based on the time interval between the occurrence of operational interference faults in the faulty component; The fault weight of the faulty component is determined by the product of the basic weight and the growth coefficient. The fault heat value of the faulty component is determined by multiplying the number of errors reported by the faulty component by the fault weight. The initial value of the first threshold is determined based on the fault heat value; The formula for calculating the heat value of the faulty component is: Heat_Value = Weight × Ac; where Weight is the weight of the faulty component, Ac is the number of errors reported by the faulty component, and Heat_Value is the heat value of the faulty component. The formula for calculating the weight of the faulty component is: Weight = Weight_Base × L; where Weight_Base is the basic weight of the faulty component, and L is the growth coefficient, which is set according to the number of errors Ac reported by the faulty component, L = a Ac , where a is a constant, 1.1≤a≤1.3; The basic weight of the faulty component is Weight_Base = (α×C+β×F+γ×R) / (α+β+γ), where C is the component's importance / severity, F is the normalized value of historical failure frequency, R is the measurement / detection reliability score, α is the weight coefficient of the component's importance / severity, β is the weight coefficient of the normalized value of historical failure frequency, and γ is the weight coefficient of the measurement / detection reliability score.

7. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes an energy storage battery unit, a battery management system, an energy management system, and a fault diagnosis module; the fault diagnosis module is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 to locate operational faults in the energy storage device.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fault diagnosis module includes: A special identification code injection unit is used to insert identification marks into the control signal via a sensor; An identification and detection unit is used to determine whether the batteries in each battery placement area have been identified by the identification mark; The enrichment analysis unit is used to determine the fault area, faulty battery, and fault source based on the temporal, quantitative, or locational distribution of the identification tags.

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