A wideband co-boresight antenna array loaded with spatially reconfigurable cover low-scatterers

Abstract

The application discloses a wideband common aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable cover low-scatterer, and belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas. The antenna array comprises a broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna, a high-frequency antenna array and a metal reflecting plate; the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna is loaded with the spatially reconfigurable cover low-scatterer and shares the metal reflecting plate with the high-frequency antenna array; the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna is arranged in a central region of the metal reflecting plate, and the high-frequency antenna array is arranged around the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna; wherein the height of a radiation arm of the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna is higher than the height of a radiation arm of the high-frequency antenna array. The application does not need to redesign the structure of the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna, and can effectively suppress the radiation interference of the broadband radiation transparent low-frequency antenna on the high-frequency antenna of any structure and any polarization in a common aperture integration in a wide and continuous frequency band through the mode of electric regulation and time division multiplexing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave antenna technology, and more particularly to a broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer. Background Technology

[0002] With the evolution of modern wireless communication systems, multi-band collaborative operation has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern wireless communication systems. In order to improve space utilization and equipment integration, antennas operating in different frequency bands are often arranged in a common aperture manner. However, in this arrangement, low-frequency antennas will generate strong scattering interference to high-frequency antennas, resulting in distortion of the radiation pattern of high-frequency antennas and performance degradation.

[0003] To ensure the radiation performance of higher-frequency antennas in a common-aperture antenna array, the low-frequency antenna needs to be optimized to suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI) on the high-frequency antenna. Existing research solutions mostly employ passive structures, meaning the structure of the low-frequency antenna is fixed once designed. Therefore, they can only suppress EMI within a fixed and narrow frequency band, failing to meet the wide bandwidth requirements of modern communication systems. This limits the practical application of such research solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable hood-type low-scatterer. By means of electrical control, the scattering characteristics of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna can be continuously and dynamically controlled within a wide frequency band. This effectively suppresses the radiation interference of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna to the common-aperture integrated high-frequency antenna of arbitrary structure and polarization within a wide and continuous frequency band.

[0005] Technical solution: A broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer, comprising a broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna, a high-frequency antenna array composed of several high-frequency antenna elements, and a metal reflector.

[0006] The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is loaded with a spatially reconfigurable hood-type low-scatterer and shares the metal reflector with the high-frequency antenna array; the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is disposed in the central region of the metal reflector, and the high-frequency antenna array is arranged around the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna; wherein, the height of the radiating arm of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is higher than the height of the radiating arm of the high-frequency antenna array.

[0007] Furthermore, the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna includes a low-frequency antenna feed balun and a pair of dipole arms with a space-reconfigurable hood-type low-scatterer; the low-frequency antenna feed balun is arranged perpendicular to the metal reflector, and slots are opened on both sides of its top for connecting the dipole arms to achieve feeding; a through hole is opened at the bottom of the low-frequency antenna feed balun for welding coaxial cables.

[0008] Furthermore, the spatially reconfigurable cover-type low scattering device includes a supporting dielectric layer, a metal patch array disposed on the supporting dielectric layer, and a plurality of PIN diodes; the metal patch array is formed by extending metal patch units along the axial direction of the supporting dielectric layer with a finite period; the metal patch units have a ring structure, with four large rectangular slots in the middle and four small rectangular slots at the edges, the small rectangular slots being used to load PIN diodes; adjacent metal patch units are connected through PIN diodes.

[0009] Furthermore, the spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scatterer achieves connection or disconnection between adjacent metal patch units by controlling the on and off states of the PIN diodes. By configuring different PIN diode on / off sequences, the operating frequency band of the spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scatterer can be dynamically adjusted, thereby achieving flexible control of the low-scattering characteristic frequency band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna. The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna does not require redesigning its structure or reassembling its components; its scattering characteristics can be continuously and dynamically controlled across a wide frequency band simply through electrical control. Based on this, by combining time-division multiplexing, the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna can maintain low-scattering characteristics throughout the wide frequency band, thus adapting it to high-frequency antenna arrays operating in any frequency band, with any structure, and any polarization within the wide frequency band.

[0010] Furthermore, the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna array can be any frequency band within the wide frequency range where the low scattering performance of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is continuously adjustable; the structure and polarization of the high-frequency antenna array are unrestricted; the high-frequency antenna array consists of four high-frequency antenna elements arranged in a 2×2 array configuration.

[0011] Furthermore, the low-frequency antenna feed balun, the high-frequency antenna element radiator, and the high-frequency antenna feed balun are printed on the same type of dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate and the supporting dielectric layer of the spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer both have a dielectric constant range of 1-5 and a relative permeability range of 1-5, with an electrical tangent loss of [missing information]. All <0.1; the thickness of the supporting medium layer is less than ,in, The free-space wavelength is the frequency corresponding to the lowest operating frequency of the spatially reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer.

[0012] Furthermore, the rectangular slots of varying sizes that are opened at the center and edge positions of the metal patch unit of the spatially reconfigurable cover-type low scatterer are evenly distributed around the metal patch unit.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. In this invention, the spatially reconfigurable cover-type low-scattering antenna adopts a structure of metal patch array and several PIN diodes electrically connected. By changing the on / off state of the PIN diodes through electrical control, the low-scattering characteristic frequency band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna can be reconfigured. Combined with the time-division multiplexing method, the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna can maintain low-scattering characteristics in a wide frequency range, thereby effectively suppressing the radiation interference of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna to high-frequency antennas of arbitrary structure and arbitrary polarization integrated with the same aperture in a wide and continuous frequency band.

[0015] 2. By controlling the on / off sequence of the PIN diode, this invention can continuously and in real time adjust the low-dispersion radio frequency band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna within a relative bandwidth of up to 62% (compared to most passive solutions, the relative bandwidth is widened by at least one time), effectively suppressing the scattering interference of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna on the common aperture integrated high-frequency antenna array, enabling the high-frequency antenna array to recover a nearly interference-free radiation pattern. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the broadband common aperture antenna array of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single dipole arm in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a metal patch unit in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram of a metal patch unit structure without PIN diodes loaded, and (b) is a structural diagram of multiple metal patch units with PIN diodes loaded and interconnected.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the metal patch unit in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the metal patch unit structure without a PIN diode, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure when a PIN diode is loaded and interconnected with other groups of metal patch units;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a comparison of the overall RCS curve of a single dipole arm of a space-reconfigurable covered low-scattering diode with that of a bare dipole arm of the same size, under fourteen typical PIN diode on / off arrangement sequences.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed balun of the radiating transparent low-frequency antenna in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the feed balun, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the feed balun;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a reflection coefficient diagram of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a gain diagram of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a comparison of the radiation patterns of the high-frequency antenna elements in this embodiment of the invention, showing the high-frequency antenna array and the low-frequency antenna of the loaded / unloaded space-reconfigurable dome low-scatterer being placed with the same aperture, and the high-frequency antenna elements being placed separately. yoz (a) operates at a frequency of 2 GHz, and (b) operates at a frequency of 3.8 GHz.

[0025] Among them, 1-broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna, 11-dipole arm, 111-hollow metal cylinder, 112-supporting dielectric layer, 113-metal patch array, 1131-metal patch unit, 1131b-second rectangular slot, 1131a-first rectangular slot, 114-PIN diode, 12-low-frequency antenna feed balun, 2-high-frequency antenna unit, 21-high-frequency antenna unit radiator, 22-high-frequency antenna feed balun, 3-metal reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-type low scatterer in this embodiment includes a broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1, a high-frequency antenna array consisting of four high-frequency antenna elements 2 arranged in a 2×2 array, and a shared metal reflector 3.

[0028] The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 is loaded with a spatially reconfigurable hood-type low-scatterer and shares a metal reflector 3 with the high-frequency antenna array; the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 is located in the central region of the metal reflector 3, and the high-frequency antenna elements 2 are arranged around the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1; wherein, the height of the radiating arm of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is higher than the height of the radiating arm of the high-frequency antenna array.

[0029] The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 includes a low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 and a pair of dipole arms 11 loaded with a spatially reconfigurable covered low-scatterer. The radiator is surrounded by the spatially reconfigurable covered low-scatterer. The low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 is arranged perpendicular to the metal reflector 3, and slots are opened on both sides of its top to connect to the dipole arms 11 for feeding. A through hole is opened at the bottom of the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 for welding coaxial cables. The high-frequency antenna element 2 includes a high-frequency antenna element radiator 21 and a high-frequency antenna feed balun 22. The high-frequency antenna feed balun 22 is arranged perpendicular to the metal reflector 3, and the high-frequency antenna element radiator 21 is connected to the metal reflector 3 through the high-frequency antenna feed balun 22.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scattering device includes a supporting dielectric layer 112, a metal patch array 113 disposed on the supporting dielectric layer 112, and a plurality of PIN diodes 114; the metal patch array 113 is formed by extending metal patch units 1131 along the axial direction of the supporting dielectric layer 112 with a finite period; as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the metal patch unit 1131 has a ring-shaped structure, with four second rectangular slots 1131b (or large rectangular slots) in the middle and four first rectangular slots 1131a (or small rectangular slots) at the edges. The first rectangular slots 1131a are used to load PIN diodes 114. Adjacent metal patch units 1131 are connected through PIN diodes 114. For metal patch units 1131 placed at both ends, it is not necessary to open small rectangular slots at the edges near the end faces. The first rectangular slots 1131a and the second rectangular slots 1131b are evenly distributed around the circumference of the metal patch unit.

[0031] The spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scatterer controls the connection or disconnection between adjacent metal patch units 1131 by controlling the on / off state of PIN diodes 114. By configuring different on / off sequences of PIN diodes 114, the operating frequency band of the spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scatterer can be dynamically adjusted, thereby achieving flexible control of the low-scattering characteristic frequency band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1. The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 does not require redesign of its structure or reassembly; its scattering characteristics can be continuously and dynamically controlled over a wide frequency range simply through electrical control. Based on this, by combining time-division multiplexing, the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 can maintain low-scattering characteristics over a wide frequency range, thus adapting it to high-frequency antenna arrays operating in any frequency band, with any structure and any polarization within a wide frequency range. In other words, the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna array can be located in any frequency band within the wide frequency range where the low-scattering performance of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 is continuously adjustable, and the structural form and polarization of the high-frequency antenna array are unrestricted.

[0032] The low-frequency antenna feed balun 12, the high-frequency antenna element radiator 21, and the high-frequency antenna feed balun 22 are printed on the same type of dielectric substrate. The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate and the supporting dielectric layer 112 are both in the range of 1 to 5, the relative permeability is both in the range of 1 to 5, and the electrical tangent loss is... All are less than 0.1; the thickness of the supporting medium layer is less than ,in, This is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency of the spatially reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer.

[0033] In a common-aperture configuration, within any frequency band of the reconfigurable low-scattering characteristic band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna, the high-frequency antenna array will not be blocked by the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 during operation. This ensures that the radiation pattern of the high-frequency antenna array is not affected by the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1, thus achieving pattern conformal preservation. At the same time, the loaded spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer does not substantially affect the radiation performance of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna itself, thereby enabling both the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 and the high-frequency antenna array to achieve good radiation in a common-aperture configuration.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, each dipole arm 11 in this embodiment is mainly composed of an inner hollow metal cylinder 111, a middle supporting dielectric layer 112, and an outer metal patch array 113. The supporting dielectric layer 112, periodically arranged metal patch units 1131, and PIN diodes 114 form a spatially reconfigurable covered low-scattering device. The hollow metal cylinder 111 serves as a low-frequency radiator, and the spatially reconfigurable covered low-scattering device is wrapped around the outside of the hollow metal cylinder 111 (i.e., the spatially reconfigurable covered low-scattering device is wrapped around the outside of the low-frequency radiator). The metal patch unit 1131 has a second rectangular slot 1131b and a first rectangular slot 1131a, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, PIN diode 114 is soldered between the first rectangular slots (1131a1, 1131a2) of adjacent surface mount units to achieve electrical interconnection and control.

[0035] In this embodiment, the hollow metal cylinder 111 has a height of 95 mm, a radius of 5.5 mm, and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. The supporting dielectric layer 112 is made of polymethacrylimide material with a dielectric constant of approximately 1.05 and a loss tangent tanδ of approximately 0.0018, and a thickness of 4.4 mm. Its height is slightly lower than that of the hollow metal cylinder 111 to facilitate connection to the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12. The metal patch array 113 is composed of 14 identical metal patch units 1131 arranged periodically (unit width 6.2 mm, period 6.4 mm). Each metal patch unit 1131 has four 13 mm × 1 mm second rectangular slots 1131b evenly distributed in the center to adjust the surface impedance, and four 1 mm × 0.5 mm first rectangular slots 1131a evenly distributed at the edge for mounting SMP1345-079LF type PIN diodes 114. To achieve dynamic control of the low-scattering characteristics of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1, the loaded low-scatterer needs to have different surface impedance values ​​in different frequency bands. Therefore, based on the concept of spatial reconfigurability, this embodiment adopts a surface impedance control method. This method only requires switching the state of PIN diode 114 ("on" or "off") to flexibly control the surface impedance of the spatially reconfigurable covered low-scattering diode, thereby achieving flexible control of the operating frequency band of the spatially reconfigurable covered low-scattering diode within a wide and continuous frequency range. This control method is achieved through spatial reconstruction of the surface impedance, which has advantages such as easy operation and high fault tolerance. The working principle is as follows: By controlling the on / off combination of PIN diodes grouped in the circumferential direction (4 PIN diodes per group), see Table 1 for the 14 typical sequences. Each typical sequence corresponds to a state number, where '0' indicates that the PIN diode is in the off state and '1' indicates that the PIN diode is in the on state. The PIN diode serial numbers are shown in Table 1. Figure 2 As shown, 1141 to 11413 represent the serial numbers of the 13 PIN diodes. Each typical sequence corresponds to a working frequency band. When a certain PIN diode on / off sequence is assigned to the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1, the antenna 1 will exhibit low scattering characteristics within the corresponding working frequency band, thereby effectively reducing the radiation impact on the high-frequency antenna element 2 operating in that frequency band. Therefore, the appropriate diode on / off sequence can be selected according to the working frequency band of the high-frequency antenna element 2.

[0036] Table 1. Fourteen typical PIN diode on / off arrangement sequences

[0037]

[0038] To address the issue of strong scattering of TM-polarized waves (electric field parallel to the cylinder axis) when incident perpendicularly on a metallic cylinder, this embodiment simulates the designed broadband common-aperture antenna array. Figure 5Simulation results show that by switching the PIN diode sequence, the spatially reconfigurable covered low scattering radiator can achieve an RCS reduction of more than 5 dB relative to the bare metal pillar in a wide frequency band of 1.7–3.8 GHz (76.4% relative bandwidth), and the operating frequency band can be continuously switched.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12, including the microstrip feed line on the front. Each segment has lengths of LB1=22mm, LB2=30mm, LB3=11mm, and LB4=23mm, and widths of LB5=0.8mm and LB6=2mm. The heights of the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 are LB7=15mm and LB8=100mm, and the width of the balun floor LB9 is 6mm. Slots are cut on both the left and right sides of the top of the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 to connect with the hollow metal cylinder 111, achieving the feeding effect. Small holes are cut at the bottom of the low-frequency antenna feed balun 12 to facilitate coaxial cable soldering.

[0040] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The reflection coefficient and gain of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 are given. Within the antenna operating frequency band of 0.69 to 1.1 GHz (45.8%), the antenna s11 is less than -10 dB and the gain is greater than 7 dBi.

[0041] Figure 9 The antenna gain patterns are presented in three cases when two high-frequency antenna elements 2, placed along the dipole arm axis of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1, are simultaneously fed: the high-frequency antenna element and the low-frequency antenna with a space-reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer are placed in the same aperture; the high-frequency antenna element and the low-frequency antenna without a space-reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer are placed in the same aperture; and the high-frequency antenna element is placed alone. The results show that after loading the low-frequency antenna with a space-reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer, the gain pattern of the high-frequency antenna element 2 in the 2–3.8 GHz (62%) frequency band is significantly recovered, and is very close to that when the high-frequency antenna element 2 is placed alone, proving the effectiveness of the invention. Furthermore, the high-frequency antenna element 2 operates in any frequency band within the reconfigurable frequency band where the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna 1 exhibits low-scattering characteristics, and can be an antenna array of any structure and polarization, not limited to the style shown in this embodiment.

[0042] The broadband co-aperture antenna array with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer, employing the above-described scheme, allows for dynamic reconfiguration of the low-dispersion radio frequency band of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna within an extremely wide bandwidth via electronic control. This eliminates the need to redesign the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna and effectively suppresses scattering interference from the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna to the operating frequency band of high-frequency antennas. The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is compatible with high-frequency antenna arrays operating in any frequency band, with any structure and polarization within an extremely wide bandwidth of 2–3.8 GHz. This invention enables both high- and low-frequency antennas with co-aperture integration to achieve good radiation, providing an effective solution to the problem of co-aperture antenna interference.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-type low-scatterer, characterized in that, The system includes a broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna (1), a high-frequency antenna array composed of several high-frequency antenna elements (2), and a metal reflector (3). The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna (1) is loaded with a spatially reconfigurable cover-type low-scatterer and shares the metal reflector (3) with the high-frequency antenna array. The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna (1) is located in the central region of the metal reflector (3), and the high-frequency antenna array is arranged around the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna (1). The height of the radiating arm of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna is higher than the height of the radiating arm of the high-frequency antenna array, and the operating frequency band of the spatially reconfigurable cover-type low-scatterer is adjustable. The broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna (1) includes a pair of dipole arms (11) and a low-frequency antenna feed balun (12). The dipole arms (11) include an inner hollow metal cylinder (111), a middle supporting dielectric layer (112), an outer metal patch array (113), and a PIN diode (114). The hollow metal cylinder (111) serves as a low-frequency radiator. The supporting dielectric layer (112), the metal patch array (113), and the PIN diode (114) form a spatially reconfigurable cover-type low-scatterer, which is wrapped around the hollow metal cylinder (111). The metal patch array (113) is formed by periodically extending metal patch units (1131) along the axial direction of the supporting dielectric layer (112). The PIN diode (114) is disposed between the metal patch units (1131). The low-frequency antenna feed balun (12) is perpendicular to the metal reflector (3), and dipole arms (11) are provided on both sides of the top to achieve feeding; a through hole is opened at the bottom of the low-frequency antenna feed balun (12) for welding coaxial cable; The metal patch unit (1131) has a ring structure with a second rectangular groove (1131b) in the middle and a first rectangular groove (1131a) at the edge. The first rectangular groove (1131a) is used to load a PIN diode (114). Adjacent metal patch units (1131) are connected through PIN diodes (114). The PIN diode (114) is soldered between the first rectangular slot (1131a) of the adjacent metal patch unit (1131) to achieve electrical interconnection with the metal patch unit (1131).

2. The broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second rectangular groove (1131b) and the first rectangular groove (1131a) are evenly distributed on the metal patch unit (1131).

3. The broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatially reconfigurable cover-type low scattering device achieves connection or disconnection between adjacent metal patch units (1131) by controlling the on and off states of the PIN diode (114); by configuring different on and off sequences of the PIN diode (114), the operating frequency band of the spatially reconfigurable cover-type low scattering device can be dynamically adjusted.

4. The broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The high-frequency antenna array consists of at least one pair of high-frequency antenna elements (2) arranged in an array. The operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna element (2) is any frequency band within the frequency band range of the adjustable low-scattering characteristics of the broadband radiating transparent low-frequency antenna. The high-frequency antenna element (2) is an antenna with arbitrary polarization. The high-frequency antenna element (2) includes a high-frequency antenna element radiator (21) and a high-frequency antenna feed balun (22). The high-frequency antenna feed balun (22) is set perpendicular to the metal reflector (3). The high-frequency antenna element radiator (21) is connected to the metal reflector (3) through the high-frequency antenna feed balun (22).

5. The broadband common-aperture antenna array loaded with a spatially reconfigurable dome-shaped low-scatterer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The low-frequency antenna feed balun (12), high-frequency antenna element radiator (21), and high-frequency antenna feed balun (22) are printed on the same type of dielectric substrate. The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate and the supporting dielectric layer (112) are both in the range of 1 to 5, the relative permeability is both in the range of 1 to 5, and the electrical tangent loss tanσ is less than 0.

1. The thickness of the supporting dielectric layer is less than 0.03λ. L , where λ L This is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency of the spatially reconfigurable hooded low-scatterer.

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