Biological raw material continuous cooking method and cooking pot thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological raw material continuous cooking method and a cooking pot thereof. The method comprises the following steps: adding raw slurry into the cooking pot through the feeding device, inputting steam into the cooking pot to cook the raw slurry, starting the ultrasonic bar to carry out auxiliary softening on the raw slurry, starting the screw propeller to stir the cooked slurry and push the cooked slurry to the discharging device, and discharging the cooked slurry out of the cooking pot through the discharging device. The feeding device and the discharging device are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the two ends of the tank body, the spiral propeller is arranged on the central axis of the tank body, and the PLC control box is arranged outside the tank. The method has the beneficial effects that the process problem that the biological raw materials are difficult to continuously cook under pressure is solved, and a choice opportunity is provided for iterative upgrading of equipment in the biological raw material processing industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biological raw material processing methods and equipment manufacturing technology, and in particular to a continuous biological raw material cooking method and the specific structure of the cooking tank. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, bio-based raw material extraction technology is widely used. In the softening pretreatment process of raw materials, most methods employ intermittent medium-temperature cooking, which has several limitations: firstly, the operation is relatively complex; secondly, the softening of raw materials is not uniform; thirdly, the unit energy consumption is relatively high; and fourthly, the degree of automation is low. Therefore, it is essential to develop an innovative continuous bio-based raw material cooking method and its cooking tank to promote the iterative upgrading of bio-based raw material extraction technology and equipment, thereby improving the overall technical level and economic benefits of the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a continuous cooking method for biological raw materials. Specifically, a feeding device and a discharging device with identical structures are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both ends of a cylindrical horizontal cooking tank. The semi-solid raw material slurry formed by mixing biological raw materials and liquid medium in a certain proportion is added into the cooking tank by the feeding device. After being cooked under high temperature and high pressure, it becomes a cooked slurry. The cooked slurry is pushed to the discharging device for discharge under the stirring and pushing of a screw propeller, thereby realizing fully automatic continuous cooking of biological raw materials.

[0004] Another objective of this invention is to provide a specific structure for a cooking tank that is simple in structure, easy to operate, scientifically configured, and capable of automatic continuous cooking, in order to implement the above-mentioned invention method.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a continuous cooking method for biological raw materials, the main technical features and implementation steps of which are as follows: First, a feed pump delivers raw slurry with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 to the hopper of the feeding device.

[0006] Secondly, the raw slurry is added into the digester at a uniform speed by the feeding device. The feeding device is a fully automatic quantitative feeding device that is uniquely designed in this invention. When its rotation speed is set, it can uniformly and quantitatively feed the digester. The total amount of feed should be dynamically controlled between 70% and 80% of the tank volume.

[0007] Third, the raw slurry is heated and cooked directly or indirectly using steam heating. Saturated steam at a temperature between 120°C and 180°C is piped into the cooking tank to heat and cook the raw slurry in the tank for 45 minutes to 90 minutes to form cooked slurry.

[0008] Fourth, while heating and cooking the raw slurry, the pulsed ultrasonic rod is turned on to assist in softening the raw slurry.

[0009] Fifth, a screw propeller is used to stir the cooked slurry in the cooking tank and push it toward the discharge device.

[0010] Sixth, the clinker slurry is discharged uniformly and quantitatively outside the cooking tank by the discharge device.

[0011] To implement the above-mentioned invention method, a specific structure of a cooking tank is provided, comprising a tank body, a feeding device and a discharging device with identical structures, a screw propeller, and a PLC control box disposed outside the tank body. The tank body is shaped like a long, horizontal cylindrical tank. The feeding device and discharging device are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both ends. A screw propeller is arranged on the central axis inside the tank ends. Multiple long, thin ultrasonic bars and multiple arc-shaped filter blocks are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the tank. The filter blocks cover multiple circular through-holes leading to the outside of the tank wall. Steam inlets, water inlets, valves, and monitoring instruments are respectively arranged outside the through-holes.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, it solves the technological challenge of continuous pressurized cooking of raw materials during the pretreatment of biological raw materials, simplifies the process, and achieves energy saving, cost reduction, and efficiency improvement. Second, through the application and settings of the PLC control box, it realizes digital control and automated operation of the cooking tank parameters, improving the level of automation. Third, it achieves subcritical physical softening treatment of biological raw materials without adding any chemical additives, providing the biological raw material deep processing industry with an opportunity to choose environmentally friendly cooking process solutions and suitable equipment for iterative upgrades. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The invention will be further illustrated below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device and discharging device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the propeller structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the PLC control box structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the direct heating cooking tank structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the indirect heating cooking tank of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram, 01 is the feeding device, 02 is the discharging device, 03 is the cooking tank, 04 is the top cover, 05 is the lower seat, 06 is the rotating shaft, 07 is the mounting edge, 08 is the bearing, 09 is the flange, 10 is the hopper, 11 is the material leakage channel, 12 is the cutter, 13 is the mounting ring, 14 is the cutting edge, 15 is the mounting edge, 16 are the two end faces, 17 is the outer wall, 18 is the flange, 19 is the feed port, 20 is the feeding cavity, 21 is the sharp edge, 22 is the journal, 23 is the positioning retaining ring, 24 is the motor, 25 is the screw propeller, 26 is the mounting assembly, 27 is the motor, 28 is the sealing head, and 29 is the spiral blade. 30 Push rod, 31 Bracket, 32 Bearing pair, 33 Connecting shaft, 34 End wall, 35 Small round hole, 36 Metal tube, 37 Slow-release tube, 38 Double-ended threaded part, 39 Thin-walled tube, 40 PLC control box, 41 Front, 42 Display screen, 43 Keyboard, 44 Internal, 45 Power system, 46 Processor, 47 Transmission line, 50 Tank body, 51 Ultrasonic rod, 52 Filter block, 53 Through hole, 54 Air vent, 55 Water vent, 56 Valve, 57 Instrument, 60 Cooking tank, 61 Jacketed channel, 62 Process flow. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the feeding device and discharging device of the present invention. In the figure, (01) is the feeding device and (02) is the discharging device. The two have the same structure and are cross-shaped. They are respectively set on the outer side wall (17) of both ends of the cooking tank (03) and are assembled by the upper cover (04) and the lower seat (05) holding the variable diameter rotating shaft (06). The top cover (04) has a long, semi-circular shell shape. An outwardly flared mounting edge (07) is provided along the generatrix of both sides of the semi-circular shell. In the middle section of the semi-circular shell, a bearing (08) is provided on the inner side, and an upwardly protruding flange (09) is provided on the outer side. A funnel-shaped hopper (10) with an upward opening is provided above the flange (09). At the bottom of the hopper (10), a circular material leakage channel (11) is provided vertically downward along the axis, penetrating the top cover (04) and the bearing (08). A circular carbide cutter (12) is provided on the side wall of the material leakage channel (11). The upper end of the cutter (12) is provided with a mounting ring (13) connected to the top cover (04), and the lower end is level with the inner arc surface of the bearing (08), forming a ring-shaped shearing edge (14). The bearing bush (08) is semi-circular in shape, with positioning edges (15) at both ends, which are connected to the two end faces (16) of the upper cover (04). The lower seat (05) is a mirror image of the upper cover (04) in structure, without a cutter (12) and a hopper (10). Its flange (09) is connected to a flange (18) on the outer wall (17) of the cooking tank (03). The inner side of the flange (18) has a feed inlet (19) that penetrates the outer wall (17) and reaches the internal space of the cooking tank (03). The rotating shaft (06) is cylindrical in shape with a variable diameter. At least one concave feeding hole (20) perpendicular to the transverse central axis is provided at the position corresponding to the material leakage channel (11). The feeding hole (20) is smaller inside and larger outside, and its opening edge is set with a sharp edge (21), which forms a shearing pair with the shearing blade (14). Positioning retaining rings (23) are provided at the journals (22) at both ends of the rotating shaft (06), and a drive motor (24) connected to it is provided at one end of the rotating shaft (06).

[0016] Raw slurry enters the feeding hole (20) through the hopper (10) and the leakage channel (11). While the rotating shaft (06) rotates to close the leakage channel (11), the sharp edge (21) and the shearing edge (14) interact to cut off the cross-boundary raw material. When the feeding hole (20) rotates to the direction of the feed inlet (19), the raw slurry is added into the digester (03). The pressure in the digester (03) is blocked by the wall of the feeding hole (20) and the bearing (08). This cycle repeats, and the feeding device (01) completes the automatic addition of raw slurry. Similarly, the discharging device (02) completes the automatic discharge of cooked slurry.

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the spiral propeller structure of the present invention; (30) in the figure is the spiral propeller, which has a long, spiral shape and is assembled from a mounting assembly (31), a motor (32), and a propulsion rod (33) with spiral blades (39). The mounting assembly (31) consists of a bracket (34), a bearing pair (35), and a connecting shaft (36), which are respectively installed on the end walls (37) of the cooking tank (03). The propulsion rod (33) has a long, strip-shaped shape and is composed of a metal hollow tube (38) with spiral blades (39) installed on its outer wall. The connecting shaft (36) is connected to the hollow tube (38) and the motor (32) respectively.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the PLC control box structure of the present invention. (40) in the figure is the PLC control box, which is rectangular in shape. On the front (41) of the box, there is a signal display screen (42) and an operation keyboard (43). Inside (44), there is a power supply system (45), a data processor (46) and signal transmission lines (47) that are connected to the controlled devices respectively.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the direct heating cooking tank of the present invention; (03) in the figure is a direct heating cooking tank, which is capsule-shaped. It consists of a tank body (50), a feeding device (01) and a discharging device (02) with the same structure, a screw propeller (30) and a PLC control box (40) set outside the tank body (50). The main body of the tank (50) is in the shape of a long, horizontal cylindrical tank. On the outer side walls (17) at both ends of the tank, there are symmetrical feeding devices (01) and discharging devices (02). On the central axis inside the end of the tank, there is a spiral propeller (30). On the inner wall of the tank, there are multiple long ultrasonic generators (51) and multiple arc-shaped filter blocks (52). The filter blocks (52) cover multiple circular through holes (53) on the tank wall leading to the outside of the wall. On the outside of the through holes (53), there are air vents (54), water vents (55), valves (56) and monitoring instruments (57).

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the indirect heating cooking tank of the present invention. (60) in the figure is an indirect heating cooking tank, which is capsule-shaped. Based on the structure of the main body (50), a multi-turn spiral jacketed channel (61) through which steam can pass is added to the outer wall (17).

[0021] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the continuous cooking process of the digester of the present invention. (62) in the figure is the continuous cooking process of the digester. The process is as follows: raw slurry is added into the digester (03) by the feeding device (01) → steam is introduced into the digester to cook the raw slurry → the ultrasonic bar (51) is turned on to soften the raw slurry → the screw propeller is turned on to stir the cooked slurry and push it to the discharge device (02) → the cooked slurry is discharged out of the digester by the discharge device.

[0022] As any engineer in the industry knows, the various standard parts used in the equipment construction process, such as motors, valves, infusion pumps, ultrasonic generators, bearings, and monitoring instruments, are all standard components that can be randomly selected from the market. Therefore, this manual does not describe their specific structures one by one.

[0023] This concludes the detailed description of the invention, particularly the detailed structural description of the cooking tank. A continuous cooking method for biological raw materials and its cooking tank will provide an innovative process solution for the subcritical physical softening treatment of biological raw materials in my country, characterized by high automation, high production efficiency, and continuous cooking under pressure. It also provides opportunities for the industry to upgrade its equipment.

Claims

1. A continuous cooking method for biological raw materials, the main technical features and implementation steps of which are as follows: First, a raw slurry with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 is transported to the hopper of the feeding device by a feed pump; second, the raw slurry is added into the cooking tank at a uniform speed by the feeding device; third, the raw slurry is directly or indirectly heated and cooked by steam heating; fourth, a pulsed ultrasonic bar is turned on to assist in softening the raw slurry while heating and cooking; fifth, the cooked slurry in the cooking tank is stirred by a screw propeller and pushed towards the discharge device; sixth, the cooked slurry is uniformly and quantitatively discharged out of the cooking tank by the discharge device.

2. The continuous cooking method for biological raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that... The process flow of the continuous cooking of biological raw materials is as follows: raw slurry is added into the cooking tank by the feeding device → steam is introduced into the cooking tank to cook the raw slurry → the ultrasonic bar is turned on to assist in softening the raw slurry → the screw propeller is turned on to stir the cooked slurry and push it to the discharge device → the cooked slurry is discharged out of the cooking tank by the discharge device.

3. To implement the above-mentioned invention method, a specific structure of a cooking tank is provided, comprising a tank body, a feeding device and a discharging device with identical structures, a screw propeller, and a PLC control box disposed outside the tank body. The tank body is in the shape of a long, horizontal cylindrical tank. The feeding device and the discharging device are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both ends. A screw propeller is arranged on the central axis on the inner side of the tank end. On the inner wall of the tank, multiple long, thin ultrasonic bars and multiple arc-shaped filter blocks are respectively arranged. The filter blocks cover multiple circular through holes on the tank wall leading to the outside of the wall. Steam inlets, water inlets, valves, and monitoring instruments are respectively arranged on the outside of the through holes.

4. The specific structure of a cooking tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The feeding and discharging devices are structurally identical, with a cross-shaped appearance. They are respectively installed on the outer walls of both ends of the cooking tank, and are assembled from an upper cover and a lower seat holding a variable-diameter rotating shaft. The upper cover is a long, semi-circular shell with outward-flaring mounting edges along its two generatrices. A bearing is located on the inner side of the middle section of the semi-circular shell, and an upward-protruding flange is located on the outer side. Above the flange is an upward-opening, funnel-shaped hopper. At the bottom of the hopper, a circular material leakage channel is vertically downward along its axis, penetrating the upper cover and the bearing. A circular carbide cutter is installed on the side wall of the material leakage channel. The upper end of the cutter has a mounting ring that connects to the upper cover, and the lower end is level with the inner arc surface of the bearing, forming a ring-shaped shear. The cutting edge, the bearing bush, is semi-circular in shape with positioning edges at both ends, which are connected to the two ends of the upper cover. The lower seat is a mirror image of the upper cover in structure, without a cutter or hopper. Its flange is connected to a flange on the outer wall of the cooking tank. The inner side of the flange has a feed port that penetrates the outer wall and reaches the interior space of the cooking tank. The rotating shaft is cylindrical with a variable diameter. At least one concave feeding cavity perpendicular to the transverse central axis is provided at the position corresponding to the material leakage channel. The feeding cavity is smaller inside and larger outside, and its opening edge is set as a sharp edge to form a shearing pair with the cutting edge. Positioning retaining rings are provided at the journals at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a drive motor connected to it is provided at one end of the rotating shaft.

5. The specific structure of a cooking tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The aforementioned spiral propeller has a long, spiral-shaped appearance and is assembled from a mounting assembly, a motor, and a propulsion rod with spiral blades. The mounting assembly consists of a bracket, a bearing pair, and a connecting shaft, which are respectively installed on the end walls of the cooking tank. The propulsion rod has a long, spiral-shaped appearance and is composed of spiral blades installed on the outer wall of a hollow metal tube. The connecting shaft is connected to the hollow tube and the motor respectively.

6. The specific structure of a cooking tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The PLC control box has a rectangular box shape. On the front of the box, there is a signal display screen and an operation keyboard. Inside, there is a power system, a data processor, and signal transmission lines that are connected to the controlled devices.

7. The specific structure of a cooking tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The direct-heating cooking tank has a capsule-shaped appearance and consists of a tank body, a feeding device and a discharging device with the same structure, a screw propeller, and a PLC control box located outside the tank body. The tank body has a long, horizontal cylindrical shape. The feeding device and the discharging device are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both ends. The screw propeller is located on the central axis inside the tank end. On the inner wall of the tank, there are multiple long, thin ultrasonic generators and multiple arc-shaped filter blocks. The filter blocks cover multiple circular through holes on the tank wall leading to the outside. On the outside of the through holes, there are air vents, water vents, valves, and monitoring instruments.

8. The specific structure of a cooking tank according to claim 3, characterized in that... The indirect heating cooking tank has a capsule-shaped appearance. It is based on the main structure of the direct heating cooking tank, with multiple spiral jacketed channels through which steam can pass on its outer wall.

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