Two-section preheater for preparing green ammonia
By using a two-stage preheater to heat the raw gas in stages with heat transfer media at different temperatures, combined with a U-shaped heat exchange tube and baffle design, the problems of space occupation and equipment cost in traditional green ammonia preparation are solved, achieving precise heating and efficient ammonia synthesis.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511399096.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
AI Technical Summary
In the traditional green ammonia preparation process, the method of heating the raw material gas using two different temperature heat transfer media occupies a large space, increases equipment investment costs, and may lead to problems such as local overheating or underheating of the raw material gas.
A two-stage preheater is adopted, which uses a low-temperature heat transfer medium of about 250°C and a high-temperature heat transfer medium of about 400°C to heat the raw gas in stages. Combined with the design of U-shaped heat exchange tubes and baffles, precise heating is achieved, and the flow rate and temperature of the medium are adjusted in real time through the control system.
It effectively utilizes space, saves on equipment investment, avoids local overheating or underheating of raw gas, improves the efficiency of ammonia synthesis reaction, extends equipment life, and improves heat exchange efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121409015A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of green ammonia preparation, specifically a two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation. Background Technology
[0002] In the green ammonia production process, the preheating of the feed gas (a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen) is a crucial step. The feed gas needs to reach a certain temperature before it can enter the subsequent ammonia synthesis reaction unit to ensure efficient reaction. Currently, a new type of ammonia reactor has been developed that uses a heat-conducting medium to remove the heat of reaction of the ammonia synthesis reaction and uses the removed heat to preheat the feed gas. This reactor has heat-conducting media with two different temperatures.
[0003] However, according to the traditional design, two heat exchangers need to be set up to heat the raw gas using heat transfer media of two different temperatures. Using heat transfer media of two different temperatures to heat the raw gas not only occupies a large space and reduces the actual usable area, but also increases the equipment investment cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application proposes a two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation, which has the advantages of effectively utilizing space, saving equipment investment, and heating the raw material gas to a suitable temperature in stages and with precision, thus solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation, comprising a low-temperature heat-conducting medium tank, a high-temperature heat-conducting medium tank, and a shell side. The low-temperature heat-conducting medium tank, the shell side, and the high-temperature heat-conducting medium tank are installed sequentially from left to right, with the shell side located between the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tank and the high-temperature heat-conducting medium tank. Several first connecting flanges are installed on each of the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tank, the high-temperature heat-conducting medium tank, and the shell side. An external pipe is movably installed at the outer end of each first connecting flange, and a second connecting flange is fixedly installed at the inner end of the external pipe. The second connecting flange is movably connected to the first connecting flange through a connecting assembly. A protective assembly is movably installed at the connection between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange. The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the protective assembly are respectively provided with clamps located outside the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange. Anti-slip pads for increasing the friction of the contact surface are fixedly installed on the inner side of the clamps. A moving assembly is provided at the upper end of the clamps, and a rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the moving assembly.
[0006] Preferably, a low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box partition is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box. A low-temperature thermally conductive medium inlet is fixedly connected to the upper end of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box. A low-temperature thermally conductive medium outlet is fixedly installed on the side of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box away from the low-temperature thermally conductive medium inlet. A low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube plate is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box. A low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box flange located to the left of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box. A low-temperature thermally conductive medium U-shaped heat exchange tube is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube plate, and the right end of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium U-shaped heat exchange tube extends into the shell side. A shell side flange located to the right of the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the shell side, and the low-temperature thermally conductive medium tube box flange is bolted to the left shell side flange. The left and right ends of the shell side are respectively... The shell side is equipped with a raw material gas inlet. A support is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell side. Several baffles are arranged inside the shell side. A raw material gas outlet located on the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box is fixedly installed at the lower end of the shell side. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box partition is fixedly installed inside the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box. A high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet is fixedly installed at the upper end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box. A high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet is fixedly connected to the side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box away from the high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange is fixedly installed at the left end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange. A high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube extending into the shell side is fixedly installed on the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube plate. The high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange is bolted to the shell side flange on the right side.
[0007] Preferably, a first connecting flange is installed on the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet, low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet, raw material gas inlet, raw material gas outlet, high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet, and high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet. A slot is provided on the outer side of the first connecting flange and located on the inner side of the second connecting flange. A plurality of positioning grooves are evenly provided on the inner side of the slot. A sealing ring is movably fitted on the inner wall of the slot. A plurality of rubber columns are evenly installed on the inner side of the sealing ring, and the outer wall of the rubber columns is movably fitted with the inner wall of the positioning groove. An inner annular groove and an outer annular groove are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the slot.
[0008] Preferably, an outer annular block is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second connecting flange, and the outer wall of the outer annular block is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the outer annular groove. An inner annular block located inside the outer annular block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second connecting flange, and the outer wall of the inner annular block is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the limiting component. Grooves located inside the protective component are respectively opened on both sides of the second connecting flange and the first connecting flange. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are connected by a connecting component.
[0009] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a connecting bolt, a first nut, and a second nut. The outer walls of both ends of the connecting bolt are threadedly fitted with the inner walls of the first nut and the second nut, respectively. The second nut is installed on the outside of the second connecting flange, and the first nut is installed on the outside of the first connecting flange.
[0010] Preferably, the protective assembly includes a first housing, fastening bolts, a second housing, and nuts. The first housing is movably engaged at the upper end of the connection between the first and second connecting flanges, and the second housing is movably engaged at the lower end of the connection between the first and second connecting flanges. The two ends of the first and second housings are movably connected by fastening bolts. The outer wall of the fastening bolts is threaded with a nut located outside the second housing. Several protruding rods are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the inner sides of the first and second housings, respectively. The outer wall of each protruding rod is fixedly fitted with a rubber sleeve, and the outer wall of the protruding rod is movably inserted into the inner wall of the groove.
[0011] Preferably, the movable component includes a ball nut and a ball screw. The inner wall of the ball nut is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the ball screw. An extension rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ball nut, and the end of the extension rod away from the ball nut is fixedly connected to a clamping plate. The outer walls of the ball screws at both ends are provided with threads in opposite directions. The inner wall of the ball screw is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A rod body is movably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. One rod body is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first housing, and the other rod body is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing. Rectangular holes are provided at both ends of the rod body. A limiting component located outside the rod body is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A knob located outside the limiting component is fixedly installed on the outer end of the rotating shaft.
[0012] Preferably, the limiting component includes a limiting gear and a limiting block, wherein the inner wall of the limiting gear is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the limiting block is movably engaged between the teeth of two adjacent limiting gears.
[0013] Preferably, an operating rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the limiting block, and a telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the end of the limiting block away from the limiting gear. A sleeve rod is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod. A spring buckle for connecting the sleeve rod is provided inside the end of the telescopic rod away from the limiting block. A spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve rod, and the end of the spring away from the sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod.
[0014] Preferably, one of the sleeves is mounted on the first housing, and the other sleeve is mounted on the second housing.
[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. This invention employs a two-stage heating method, integrating the heating functions of two temperature-conducting heat transfer media. First, a low-temperature heat transfer media at approximately 250°C is used to raise the temperature of the raw material gas once, and then a high-temperature heat transfer media at approximately 400°C is used for a second temperature rise. This replaces the traditional design that requires two heat exchangers, effectively utilizing space and significantly saving equipment investment. At the same time, it avoids the problems of local overheating or underheating of the raw material gas that may occur with single-stage heating, achieving precise heating of the raw material gas and ensuring that the raw material gas reaches the temperature required for the subsequent ammonia synthesis reaction, thereby improving the efficiency of the ammonia synthesis reaction.
[0017] 2. This invention uses U-shaped heat exchange tubes, with the U-shaped heat exchange tubes through which the high-temperature heat transfer medium passes and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes through which the low-temperature heat transfer medium passes arranged opposite each other, and expansion space is reserved. This design not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the heat exchange tubes, but also effectively copes with the thermal expansion and contraction during equipment operation, reduces the damage to the equipment caused by stress due to temperature changes, and extends the service life of the equipment.
[0018] 3. The present invention has baffles with equal spacing in the shell side, which can change the flow direction and velocity of the raw gas in the shell side, increase the contact time and contact area between the raw gas and the heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and enhancing the preheating effect.
[0019] 4. By installing a first connecting flange at each inlet and outlet, when an external pipeline is required at the inlet or outlet, a moving component is used to clamp the clamping plate between the first and second connecting flanges. In addition, a limiting component restricts the movement state of the moving component. This not only increases the tightness of the connection between the inlet / outlet and the external pipeline, but also avoids the impact on the stability of the clamping plate caused by accidental contact after the moving component is adjusted. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components in the structure of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate in the structure of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting components in the structure of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-slip pad in the structure of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protruding rod in the structure of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component in the structure of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the moving component in the structure of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the spring in the structure of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the slot in the structure of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting flange in the structure of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive column in the structure of the present invention.
[0032] In the diagram: 1. Low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box; 101. Low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box baffle; 102. Low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet; 103. Low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange; 104. Low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet; 105. Low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet; 106. Low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube; 2. High-temperature heat transfer medium tube box; 201. High-temperature heat transfer medium tube box baffle; 202. High-temperature heat transfer medium inlet; 203. High-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange; 204. High-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet; 205. High-temperature heat transfer medium outlet; 206. High-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube; 3. Shell side; 301. Shell side flange; 302. Raw material gas inlet; 303. Baffle plate; 304. Support; 305. Raw material gas outlet; 4. First connecting flange; 5. External pipeline; 6. Second connecting flange; 7. Connecting assembly 701. Connecting bolt; 702. First nut; 703. Second nut; 8. Protective assembly; 801. First housing; 802. Fastening bolt; 803. Second housing; 804. Nut; 9. Clamping plate; 10. Anti-slip pad; 11. Moving assembly; 111. Ball nut; 112. Ball screw; 12. Shaft; 13. Groove; 14. Rubber sleeve; 15. Protruding rod; 16. Extension 17. Rod; 18. Rod body; 19. Rectangular hole; 10. Limiting component; 191. Limiting gear; 192. Limiting block; 20. Knob; 21. Operating lever; 22. Telescopic rod; 23. Sleeve rod; 24. Spring; 25. Spring buckle; 26. Slot; 27. Positioning slot; 28. Outer annular groove; 29. Inner annular groove; 30. Outer annular block; 31. Inner annular block; 32. Sealing ring; 33. Glue column. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to preferred embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation includes a low-temperature heat transfer medium tank 1, a high-temperature heat transfer medium tank 2, and a shell side 3. The two-stage preheater also includes a control system for real-time monitoring of parameters such as the temperature and flow rate of the heat transfer medium, as well as the temperature and pressure of the feed gas. The control system adjusts the flow rate of the heat transfer medium and the feed gas based on the monitoring data. The control system includes sensors, a controller, and actuators. The sensors monitor the molten salt temperature, flow rate, and feed gas temperature and pressure in real time. The controller uses a PLC control system and, based on the monitoring data transmitted by the sensors, controls the heat transfer medium flow regulating valve and the feed gas flow regulating valve through the actuators to achieve real-time adjustment of the reaction conditions. The low-temperature heat transfer medium tank 1, the shell side 3, and the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank 2 are installed sequentially from left to right, with the shell side 3 located at... Between the low-temperature heat transfer medium tank 1 and the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank 2, several first connecting flanges 4 are installed on the low-temperature heat transfer medium tank 1, the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank 2 and the shell side 3. An external pipe 5 is movably installed on the outer end of each first connecting flange 4, and a second connecting flange 6 is fixedly installed on the inner end of the external pipe 5. The second connecting flange 6 is movably connected to the first connecting flange 4 through a connecting assembly 7. A protective assembly 8 is movably installed at the connection between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the protective assembly 8 are respectively provided with clamping plates 9 located outside the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. An anti-slip pad 10 for increasing the friction of the contact surface is fixedly installed on the inner side of the clamping plate 9. A moving assembly 11 is provided at the upper end of the clamping plate 9. A rotating shaft 12 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the moving assembly 11.
[0035] A low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1 has a partition plate 101 fixedly installed inside. A low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1. A low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 105 is fixedly installed on the side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1 away from the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102. A low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 104 is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1. A low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange 103 located on the left side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 104 is fixedly connected to the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1. A low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106 is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 104, and the right end of the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106 extends into the shell side 3. The tube box 1 is located on the raw gas inlet side. It can use the heat of the low-temperature heat transfer medium to raise the temperature of the raw gas to about 250℃. The low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1 adopts a single-partition structure. The low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102 enters the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106, exchanges heat with the raw gas and cools down, and then exits from the low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 105. The low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1 is made of high-temperature resistant and high-strength Cr-Mo steel. The shell-side flange 301 located on the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 104 is fixedly installed on the left side of the shell side 3, and the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange 103 is bolted to the left shell-side flange 301. The raw gas inlets 302 are installed at the left and right ends of the shell side 3, respectively. The lower end of the shell side 3 is fixedly connected to the support 304. The inner shell side 3... The shell side is equipped with several baffles 303, which are staggered upper and lower notched baffles made of carbon steel. The diameter of the baffles matches the inner diameter of the shell side, and the spacing between adjacent baffles 303 is 350mm. This significantly improves the turbulence of the raw gas in the shell side and enhances the heat exchange effect. The raw gas outlet 305 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the shell side 3, located on the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2. The shell side 3 is located on the raw gas outlet side and can utilize the heat of the high-temperature heat transfer medium at about 400℃ to reheat the raw gas. The shell side 3 is equipped with baffles at equal intervals to improve the heat exchange efficiency. The high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2 adopts a single-partition structure. The high-temperature heat transfer medium enters the high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 20 from the high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202. 6. After heat exchange and cooling with the raw material gas, the heat exchange medium is discharged from the high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 205. The shell side 3 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box partition 201 is fixedly installed inside the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2. A high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2. A high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2 away from the high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange 203 is fixedly installed at the left end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2. A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 204 is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange 203. A high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 206 extending into the shell side 3 is fixedly installed on the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet 204.The high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 206 and the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106 are made of stainless steel, with a diameter of 38mm and a length of 1.5m. The high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange 203 is bolted to the shell-side flange 301 on the right side. The heat exchange tubes are U-shaped, with the high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tubes and the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tubes arranged opposite each other, with expansion space reserved. The raw material gas flows sequentially from the outside of the heat exchange tubes through the low-temperature heat transfer medium heat exchange tubes and the high-temperature heat transfer medium heat exchange tubes, and is heated to the required temperature through heat exchange via the partition wall.
[0036] A first connecting flange 4 is installed on the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102, the low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 105, the raw material gas inlet 302, the raw material gas outlet 305, the high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202, and the high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 205. A groove 26 located inside the second connecting flange 6 is opened on the outer side of the first connecting flange 4. Several positioning grooves 27 are evenly opened on the inner side of the groove 26. A sealing ring 32 is movably fitted on the inner wall of the groove 26. Several rubber columns 33 are evenly installed on the inner side of the sealing ring 32, and the outer wall of the rubber column 33 is movably fitted with the inner wall of the positioning groove 27. An inner annular groove 29 and an outer annular groove 28 are opened on the inner and outer sides of the groove 26, respectively.
[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 An outer annular block 30 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second connecting flange 6, and the outer wall of the outer annular block 30 is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the outer annular groove 28. An inner annular block 31 located inside the outer annular block 30 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second connecting flange 6, and the outer wall of the inner annular block 31 is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the limiting component 19. Grooves 13 located inside the protective component 8 are respectively opened on both sides of the second connecting flange 6 and the first connecting flange 4. The first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6 are connected by the connecting component 7.
[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 The connecting assembly 7 includes a connecting bolt 701, a first nut 702, and a second nut 703. The outer walls of both ends of the connecting bolt 701 are threadedly connected to the inner walls of the first nut 702 and the second nut 703, respectively. The second nut 703 is installed on the outside of the second connecting flange 6, and the first nut 702 is installed on the outside of the first connecting flange 4.
[0039] The protective assembly 8 includes a first housing 801, fastening bolts 802, a second housing 803, and nuts 804. The first housing 801 is movably snapped onto the upper end of the connection between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. The second housing 803 is movably snapped onto the lower end of the connection between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. The two ends of the first housing 801 and the second housing 803 are movably connected by fastening bolts 802. Nuts 804 located outside the second housing 803 are threaded onto the outer wall of the fastening bolts 802. Several protruding rods 15 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the inner sides of the first housing 801 and the second housing 803, respectively. Rubber sleeves 14 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the protruding rods 15. The outer wall of the protruding rods 15 is movably inserted into the inner wall of the groove 13.
[0040] The movable component 11 includes a ball nut 111 and a ball screw 112. The inner wall of the ball nut 111 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the ball screw 112. An extension rod 16 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ball nut 111, and the end of the extension rod 16 away from the ball nut 111 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 9. The outer walls of the ball screw 112 at both ends are provided with threads in opposite directions. The inner wall of the ball screw 112 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 12. A rod body 17 is movably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 12. One rod body 17 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first housing 801, and the other rod body 17 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing 803. Rectangular holes 18 are opened at both ends of the rod body 17. A limiting component 19 located outside the rod body 17 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 12. A knob 20 located outside the limiting component 19 is fixedly installed on the outer end of the rotating shaft 12.
[0041] The limiting component 19 includes a limiting gear 191 and a limiting block 192. When the limiting gear 191 and the limiting block 192 are separated, the rotating shaft 12 can rotate. When the limiting gear 191 and the limiting block 192 are engaged, the rotating shaft 12 cannot rotate, thereby limiting the movement state of the moving component 11. The inner wall of the limiting gear 191 is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 12, and the limiting block 192 is movably engaged between the teeth of two adjacent limiting gears 191.
[0042] An operating rod 21 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the limiting block 192. A telescopic rod 22 is fixedly installed on the end of the limiting block 192 away from the limiting gear 191. A sleeve rod 23 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 22. A spring buckle 25 for connecting the sleeve rod 23 is provided inside the end of the telescopic rod 22 away from the limiting block 192. A spring 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve rod 23, and the end of the spring 24 away from the sleeve rod 23 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 22.
[0043] One sleeve rod 23 is installed on the first housing 801, and the other sleeve rod 23 is installed on the second housing 803.
[0044] Working principle: During operation, the raw material gas enters from the raw material gas inlet 302 of the shell side 3, and the low-temperature heat transfer medium enters from the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102 of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 1. It flows through the corresponding low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106 and uses its heat of about 250°C to heat the raw material gas once through the partition wall heat exchange, raising the raw material gas to about 250°C. The low-temperature heat transfer medium after heat exchange flows out from the low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 105.
[0045] After being heated once, the raw material gas continues to flow in the shell side 3. At this time, the high-temperature heat transfer medium enters from the high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202 of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box 2, flows through the corresponding high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 206, and uses its heat of about 400°C to heat the raw material gas a second time, so that the raw material gas reaches about 300°C. The high-temperature heat transfer medium after heat exchange flows out from the high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 205.
[0046] During the flow of the raw gas, the baffle 303 in the shell side 3 alters the flow path and velocity of the raw gas, increasing the contact time and area between the raw gas and the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 106 or the high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube 206, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The two-end preheater is electrically connected to a control system, which monitors the temperature and flow rate of the low-temperature and high-temperature heat transfer media, as well as the temperature and pressure of the raw gas in real time. When the raw gas outlet temperature is detected to be lower than the set value, the control system can appropriately increase the flow rate of the high-temperature heat transfer medium or decrease the flow rate of the raw gas; when the raw gas outlet temperature is higher than the set value, it can decrease the flow rate of the high-temperature heat transfer medium or increase the flow rate of the raw gas. Simultaneously, if the temperature of the low-temperature or high-temperature heat transfer medium fluctuates abnormally, the control system will promptly issue an alarm to remind operators to inspect and handle the situation, ensuring stable operation of the preheater.
[0047] When the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 102, low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 105, raw material gas inlet 302, raw material gas outlet 305, high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet 202, and high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet 205 need to be connected to the external pipeline 5, due to the setting of the sleeve 23 between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6, the sealing effect between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6 is maintained. Connecting bolts 701 are used to pass through the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6, and the first nut 702 and the second nut 703 are screwed onto the connecting bolts 701. This achieves the connection of the connecting assembly 7 to the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. The first housing 801 and the second housing 803 are installed at both ends of the connection between the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6. After the first housing 801 and the second housing 803 are installed, the protruding rod 15 is inserted into the inside of the groove 13, and the gap between the groove 13 and the protruding rod 15 is filled by the rubber sleeve 14. Then, the first housing 801 and the second housing 803 are connected by the fastening bolts 802, and the nuts are tightened. 804 is rotatably mounted on fastening bolt 802. Rotation of the rotating shaft 12 via knob 20 drives the rotation of the ball screws 112 at both ends. Due to the threaded connection between the ball screws 112 and the ball nuts 111, and the opposite-direction threads on the outer walls of the ball screws 112 at both ends, the rotating shaft 12 rotates circumferentially while simultaneously driving the ball nuts 111 on its surface towards the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6 via the connection of the ball screws 112, until the anti-slip pad 10 is aligned with the first... The clamping of the connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6, and due to the elasticity of the anti-slip pad 10 itself, when the anti-slip pad 10 deforms and there is resistance to the rotation of the shaft 12, the rotation of the shaft 12 can be stopped. Then, the spring buckle 25 is pressed into the telescopic rod 22, and the spring buckle 25 is popped out from the inside of the sleeve rod 23 by the rebound of the spring 24. At this time, the limiting block 192 is engaged between two adjacent teeth of the limiting gear 191, so that the fastening of the first connecting flange 4 and the second connecting flange 6 after connection can be achieved.
[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A two-stage preheater for preparing green ammonia, characterized in that: The system includes a low-temperature heat transfer medium tank (1), a high-temperature heat transfer medium tank (2), and a shell side (3). The low-temperature heat transfer medium tank (1), the shell side (3), and the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank (2) are installed sequentially from left to right, with the shell side (3) located between the low-temperature heat transfer medium tank (1) and the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank (2). Several first connecting flanges (4) are installed on each of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tank (1), the high-temperature heat transfer medium tank (2), and the shell side (3). An external pipe (5) is movably installed at the outer end of each first connecting flange (4), and a second connecting flange (5) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the external pipe (5). 6) The second connecting flange (6) is movably connected to the first connecting flange (4) through the connecting assembly (7). A protective assembly (8) is movably installed at the connection between the first connecting flange (4) and the second connecting flange (6). The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the protective assembly (8) are respectively provided with clamps (9) located outside the first connecting flange (4) and the second connecting flange (6). An anti-slip pad (10) for increasing the friction of the contact surface is fixedly installed on the inner side of the clamp (9). A moving assembly (11) is provided at the upper end of the clamp (9). A rotating shaft (12) is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the moving assembly (11).
2. The two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (1) is fixedly installed inside the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (1). A low-temperature heat-conducting medium inlet (102) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (1). A low-temperature heat-conducting medium outlet (105) is fixedly installed on the side of the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (1) away from the low-temperature heat-conducting medium inlet (102). A low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube plate (104) is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (1). A low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube plate (105) is fixedly connected to the right side of the low-temperature heat-conducting medium tube box (104). 4) The low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange (103) on the left side, a low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube (106) is fixedly installed on the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet (104), and the right end of the low-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube (106) extends into the shell side (3). A shell side flange (301) located on the right side of the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet (104) is fixedly installed on the left side of the shell side (3), and the low-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange (103) and the shell side flange (301) on the left side are connected by bolts. Raw material gas is installed at both ends of the shell side (3). The inlet (302) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell side (3), and a support (304) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell side (3). Several baffles (303) are provided inside the shell side (3). The raw material gas outlet (305) located on the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box (2) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the shell side (3). A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box partition (201) is fixedly installed inside the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box (2). A high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet (202) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box (2). The high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box (2) is far away from the high-temperature heat transfer medium. A high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet (205) is fixedly connected to one side of the inlet (202). A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange (203) is fixedly installed at the left end of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box (2). A high-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet (204) is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange (203). A high-temperature heat transfer medium U-shaped heat exchange tube (206) extending into the shell side (3) is fixedly installed on the high-temperature heat transfer medium tube sheet (204). The high-temperature heat transfer medium tube box flange (203) is bolted to the shell side flange (301) on the right side.
3. The two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting flange (4) is installed on the low-temperature heat transfer medium inlet (102), low-temperature heat transfer medium outlet (105), raw material gas inlet (302), raw material gas outlet (305), high-temperature heat transfer medium inlet (202), and high-temperature heat transfer medium outlet (205). A slot (26) located inside the second connecting flange (6) is opened on the outer side of the first connecting flange (4). A plurality of positioning slots (27) are evenly opened on the inner side of the slot (26). A sealing ring (32) is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the slot (26). A plurality of rubber columns (33) are evenly installed on the inner side of the sealing ring (32), and the outer wall of the rubber column (33) is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the positioning slot (27). An inner annular groove (29) and an outer annular groove (28) are opened on the inner and outer sides of the slot (26), respectively.
4. A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer annular block (30) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the second connecting flange (6), and the outer wall of the outer annular block (30) is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the outer annular groove (28). An inner annular block (31) located inside the outer annular block (30) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second connecting flange (6), and the outer wall of the inner annular block (31) is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the limiting component (19). Grooves (13) located inside the protective component (8) are respectively opened on both sides of the second connecting flange (6) and the first connecting flange (4). The first connecting flange (4) and the second connecting flange (6) are connected by a connecting component (7).
5. A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (7) includes a connecting bolt (701), a first nut (702) and a second nut (703). The outer walls of both ends of the connecting bolt (701) are threaded into the inner walls of the first nut (702) and the second nut (703), respectively. The second nut (703) is installed on the outside of the second connecting flange (6), and the first nut (702) is installed on the outside of the first connecting flange (4).
6. A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective assembly (8) includes a first housing (801), a fastening bolt (802), a second housing (803), and a nut (804). The first housing (801) is movably engaged at the upper end of the connection between the first connecting flange (4) and the second connecting flange (6). The second housing (803) is movably engaged at the lower end of the connection between the first connecting flange (4) and the second connecting flange (6). The two ends of the first housing (801) and the second housing (803) are movably connected by the fastening bolt (802). The outer wall of the fastening bolt (802) is threaded with a nut (804) located outside the second housing (803). Several protruding rods (15) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the inner sides of the first housing (801) and the second housing (803). The outer wall of the protruding rod (15) is fixedly fitted with a rubber sleeve (14). The outer wall of the protruding rod (15) is movably inserted into the inner wall of the groove (13).
7. A two-stage preheater for preparing green ammonia according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving assembly (11) includes a ball nut (111) and a ball screw (112). The inner wall of the ball nut (111) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the ball screw (112). An extension rod (16) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ball nut (111), and the end of the extension rod (16) away from the ball nut (111) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (9). The outer walls of the ball screws (112) at both ends are provided with threads in opposite directions. The inner wall of the ball screw (112) is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (12). A rod (17) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (12). One rod (17) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first housing (801), and the other rod (17) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing (803). Rectangular holes (18) are provided at both ends of the rod (17). A limiting component (19) located outside the rod (17) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (12). A knob (20) located outside the limiting component (19) is fixedly installed on the outer end of the rotating shaft (12).
8. A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting component (19) includes a limiting gear (191) and a limiting block (192). The inner wall of the limiting gear (191) is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the rotating shaft (12), and the limiting block (192) is movably engaged between the teeth of two adjacent limiting gears (191).
9. A two-stage preheater for green ammonia preparation according to claim 8, characterized in that: An operating rod (21) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the limiting block (192). A telescopic rod (22) is fixedly installed on the end of the limiting block (192) away from the limiting gear (191). A sleeve rod (23) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod (22). A spring buckle (25) for connecting the sleeve rod (23) is provided inside the end of the telescopic rod (22) away from the limiting block (192). A spring (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve rod (23), and the end of the spring (24) away from the sleeve rod (23) is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (22).
10. A two-stage preheater for preparing green ammonia according to claim 9, characterized in that: One of the sleeves (23) is mounted on the first housing (801), and the other sleeve (23) is mounted on the second housing (803).