Reconstruction method of rice field soil body configuration

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice field soil body configuration reconstruction method which comprises the following steps: S1, ploughing a dry field, and then irrigating to steep the field; s2, slurry stirring is completed through a rotary cultivator and other equipment; s3, straw is added into the field after slurry stirring is completed; and S4, before rice transplanting, applying a soil structure reconstruction agent to the field. By adding the soil structure reconstruction agent with a bonding function, the granular structure of the stirred soil is remarkably improved, so that the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil is improved, the soil fertility is improved, meanwhile, various nutritional ingredients capable of promoting rice growth are released through straw decomposition, and the yield of'non-grain treatment 'rice fields is finally improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, in particular to a method for reconstructing the configuration of paddy field soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plough bottom layer is a key layer under the plough layer with the function of water and fertilizer conservation. If the plough bottom layer is missing, it will directly lead to serious leakage in paddy field, and a large amount of irrigation water and fertilizer will be lost, so that rice cannot grow normally. Therefore, in order to meet the demand of food production and improve the yield of paddy field planting, it is necessary to renovate many paddy fields with missing plough bottom layer and serious degradation of plough layer.

[0003] At present, for the reconstruction of plough bottom layer and plough layer, there are mainly two paths in the traditional method: one is to use mechanical rolling method, which can compact the soil, but the engineering quantity is large, the cost is high, and the formed plough bottom layer is too tight, which may hinder the rice root system to grow down and affect the growth of crops; the other is to use rotary cultivator for high intensity stirring, which can promote the sinking of clay particles through stirring, but this method will significantly destroy the original soil aggregate structure of the plough layer, resulting in soil hardening and poor permeability, which is not conducive to subsequent cultivation and crop growth. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for reconstructing the configuration of paddy field soil, which adds soil structure reconstruction agent with bonding function to significantly improve the soil aggregate structure, thereby improving the water and fertilizer conservation performance of the soil and improving the soil fertility, and at the same time, the straw decomposition releases various nutrients that can promote the growth of rice, finally improving the productivity of "non-grain" renovation paddy field.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A method for reconstructing the configuration of paddy field soil is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, ploughing the dry field and then irrigating and soaking the field;

[0008] S2, stirring with rotary cultivator and other equipment;

[0009] S3, adding straw to the field after stirring;

[0010] and S4, applying soil structure reconstruction agent to the field before rice transplanting.

[0011] Preferably, during the irrigation and soaking of the field, the water layer height is maintained at 3-5 cm, and the water layer is maintained for 7-10 days.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring frequency is 3-5 times of continuous stirring every 1 h.

[0013] Preferably, in the step S3, the rice straw is a rice straw particle obtained by crushing treatment, and the length of the rice straw particle is 5-10 cm, and the adding amount is 200-400 kg per mu.

[0014] Preferably, the soil structure reconfiguring agent comprises, in parts by weight: 90-95 parts of a binding component, 5-10 parts of a microbial prebiotic component.

[0015] The binding component comprises a first binding component and a second binding component, and the first binding component: the second binding component = (5-10): 1 in terms of weight ratio.

[0016] The first binding component comprises nano-humic substance, the second binding component comprises molasses powder, and the microbial prebiotic component comprises one or more of glucose, chitosan, fucoidan, and soybean meal.

[0017] The nano-humic substance comprises woody peat passing through a 60-mesh sieve, and the particle size is ≤100 nm.

[0018] Preferably, the microbial prebiotic component comprises glucose, chitosan, fucoidan, and soybean meal, and the glucose: chitosan: fucoidan: soybean meal = (30-50): (10-20): (3-5): (20-50) in terms of weight ratio. In this embodiment, the microbial prebiotic component is mainly used to provide nutrients for soil microorganisms to promote the proliferation of soil microorganisms.

[0019] Preferably, the adding amount Q of the soil structure reconfiguring agent is determined according to the following formula:

[0020] Q = 100 + (3% - S) × 1000

[0021] Wherein, Q is the adding amount of the soil structure reconfiguring agent per mu, in kg / mu; and S is the original organic matter content of the soil of the dry field, in mass percent.

[0022] Preferably, 50 kg / mu ≤ Q ≤ 150 kg / mu.

[0023] Preferably, the step S4 further comprises: detecting the pH value of the field soil, and adding an acid-base adjusting agent according to the pH value of the soil to adjust the pH value of the soil. In this embodiment, the acid-base adjusting agent comprises quicklime.

[0024] Preferably, if 4.5 ≤ pH value of the soil ≤ 5.5, and the soil is loam or clay, then 125-300 kg / mu of quicklime is added.

[0025] If the soil pH value is < 4.5, and the soil is loam or clay, then 225-300 kg / acre of quicklime is applied;

[0026] If the soil pH value is 4.5≤5.5, and the soil is sandy, then 150-250 kg / acre of quicklime is applied;

[0027] If the soil pH value is < 4.5, and the soil is sandy, then 175-250 kg / acre of quicklime is applied.

[0028] The present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application improves the soil aggregate structure by adding soil structure reconfiguring agents with binding function, thereby improving the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil, improving the soil fertility, and at the same time, releasing various nutrient components that can promote the growth of rice through straw decomposition, ultimately significantly improving the yield of rice and improving the "non-grain" regulation of paddy field productivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 The step flow chart of the paddy field soil body configuration reconfiguration method in the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is the soil profile of the control group and the soil body configuration reconfiguration treatment group;

[0033] Figure 3 The water stable aggregate particle size distribution of the control group and the soil body configuration reconfiguration treatment group;

[0034] Figure 4 The average weight diameter of the control group and the soil body configuration reconfiguration treatment group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following will further describe the present application in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0036] Embodiment:

[0037] In this embodiment, the Leizhu clear-up dry field in the "non-grain" regulation paddy field soil improvement base in Lin'an District, Hangzhou City is selected as the test site, and the original organic matter content of the dry field to be regulated is 4.15%.

[0038] A control group and a soil configuration reconstruction treatment group are set up in a test site, and the area of each treatment group is 10 mu. The control group is treated according to the conventional scheme, that is, the dry field is ploughed, then water is poured to soak the field for 2 days, and the water layer height is kept at 4 cm during the soaking period. The flat ground work is completed by using a rotary cultivator and other equipment, and the working depth is 25 cm.

[0039] The soil configuration reconstruction treatment group is treated by using the soil configuration reconstruction method in the present application, and the steps are as follows:

[0040] The dry field is ploughed, then water is poured to soak the field for 10 days, and the water layer height is kept at 4 cm during the soaking period;

[0041] After the soaking is completed, the rotary cultivator is used to stir the slurry continuously for 4 times every 1 h, and the stirring working depth is 25 cm;

[0042] After the stirring is completed, straw particles with a length of 5-10 cm are added to the field at an amount of 300 kg / mu, and then the rotary cultivation is continued once, so that the clay particles in the soil sink with the straw to form a plow pan; the straw includes rice straw;

[0043] After the straw is added for 7-10 days, 1 kg / mu of straw decomposing agent is applied to the field to decompose the straw in the field, so that the organic matter and phosphorus, potassium and other elements contained in the straw enter the soil, increase the organic matter content of the soil, and provide nutrients for the subsequent growth of rice;

[0044] Before rice transplanting, quicklime and soil structure reconstruction agent are applied to the field according to the soil pH value and soil properties.

[0045] In this embodiment, the quicklime is applied according to the following scheme:

[0046] If 4.5≤soil pH value≤5.5 and the soil is loam or clay, then 200 kg / mu of lime powder is applied;

[0047] If the soil pH value<4.5 and the soil is loam or clay, then 250 kg / mu of quicklime is applied;

[0048] If 4.5≤soil pH value≤5.5 and the soil is sandy soil, then 200 kg / mu of quicklime is applied;

[0049] If the soil pH value<4.5 and the soil is sandy soil, then 220 kg / mu of quicklime is applied.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, before rice transplanting, it is detected that the soil pH of the test site is 4.9 and the soil is loam, so 200 kg / mu of lime powder is applied.

[0051] Meanwhile, the amount of soil structure reconfiguration agent added is calculated according to the formula Q = 100 + (3% - S) x 1000 (S = 4.15%) as 88.5 kg / mu, and the soil structure reconfiguration agent is added according to the proportion. If the amount calculated according to the formula is less than 50, the soil structure reconfiguration agent is added at 50 kg / mu, otherwise, if the amount calculated according to the formula is greater than 150, the soil structure reconfiguration agent is added at 150 kg / mu.

[0052] In the formula, 1 kg of soil structure reconfiguration agent includes: 800 g of woody peat (sifted through a 60-mesh sieve and with a particle size of ≤100 nm), 100 g of molasses powder, 40 g of glucose, 15 g of chitosan, 5 g of alginic acid polysaccharide, and 40 g of soybean meal.

[0053] After the control group and the soil structure reconfiguration treatment group are completely treated in the above manner, rice planting tests are carried out, the test time is from June 2024 to November 2024, and during the test period, the control group and the soil structure reconfiguration treatment group are applied with 180 kg•ha -1 of nitrogen fertilizer, 50 kg•ha -1 of phosphorus fertilizer, and 90 kg•ha -1 of potassium fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three times, i.e., base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and earing fertilizer (the application ratio is 4:3:3), the phosphorus fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is applied in two times, i.e., base fertilizer and earing fertilizer (the application ratio is 1:1).

[0054] At the mature stage of the rice, the yield is measured, the soil samples of the control group and the soil structure reconfiguration treatment group are collected, and the soil structure is observed in combination with the soil profile. The sample collection process includes: collecting 5 soil samples with a diameter of 5 cm using a stainless steel soil drill, sieving the fresh samples through a 2 mm sieve, storing part of the soil samples in a 4°C refrigerator for ammonium and nitrate nitrogen determination, and continuing to dry part of the soil samples, sieving the dried soil samples through 20-mesh and 60-mesh sieves for storage for subsequent soil physical and chemical analysis. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0055] As shown in part (a) of FIG. 2, the control group has only a plough layer without an obvious plough sole, and as shown in part (b) of FIG. 2, after being treated by the reconfiguration method of the present embodiment, a plough layer with a thickness of about 18 cm and a compact plough sole with a thickness of about 7 cm are formed (as shown in Table 1). It is illustrated that the reconfiguration method in the present embodiment can effectively reconfigure the plough sole.

[0056] Furthermore, the field water seepage rate was measured for the control group and the soil structure reconstruction treatment group. The specific measurement process is as follows: After rice harvest, water was injected into both the control group and the soil structure reconstruction treatment group, and the water layer on the surface was 4 cm. Five points were selected for both the control group and the soil structure reconstruction treatment group, and the drop in the field water layer at each point was recorded. The field water seepage rate was calculated based on the drop in the field water layer over 5 days. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1. Effects of soil emulation techniques on plow pan thickness and field water percolation rate

[0058] Treatment Ploughing subsoil thickness (cm) Field water infiltration rate (mm / h) Tillage layer thickness (cm) Control group - 6.6 13 Soil configuration reconstruction treatment group 7 0.86 18

[0059] As shown in Table 1, compared with the control group, the water seepage rate in the paddy field was significantly reduced after treatment with the reconstruction method in this embodiment, indicating that it is more conducive to the retention of water and nutrients in the paddy field. At the same time, the increase in the thickness of the tillage layer can effectively promote the development of rice roots and nutrient absorption, thereby achieving green yield increase of rice.

[0060] Table 2. Influence of soil structure on soil physicochemical properties

[0061] Treatment Organic matter (%) Total nitrogen (g / kg) Total phosphorus (g / kg) NH4 + (mg / kg) NO3 - (mg / kg) Available potassium (mg / kg) Control group 3.93 3.08 0.79 11.02 26.5 61.00 Soil configuration reconstruction treatment group 4.48 3.49 1.08 14.98 33.65 73.63

[0062] Furthermore, as shown in Table 2, after treatment with the method in this embodiment, the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, NH4+, NO3- and available potassium were all significantly increased compared with the control group, indicating that this embodiment can effectively improve the soil physicochemical properties.

[0063] like Figures 3-4 As shown, analysis of the particle size distribution characteristics of soil water-stable aggregates revealed that the proportion of large soil aggregates (>2mm) in the control group was significantly lower than that in the soil structure reconstruction treatment group. Simultaneously, the proportion of silt-clay aggregates (<0.053mm) was significantly higher in the control group. This indicates that the average weight diameter of soil aggregates in the control group decreased, leading to reduced physical aggregate stability and soil structure disruption. In contrast, the soil structure reconstruction treatment group, by adding a soil structure reconstructing agent with binding properties, significantly improved soil aggregate structure. Compared to the control group, the number of soil aggregates (>2mm) increased by 28%, while the proportion of aggregates (<0.053mm) decreased substantially. This resulted in an increase in the average weight diameter of soil aggregates, significantly improved soil aggregate stability, and a marked improvement in soil structure.

[0064] As shown in Table 3, the rice yield data showed that the rice yield in the control group was about 392 kg / mu, which was significantly lower than the yield in the soil structure reconstruction treatment group (449 kg / mu). This indicates that after soil structure reconstruction using the method in this embodiment, the physical and chemical properties of the soil were significantly improved, and various nutrients that can promote rice growth were released through straw decomposition, ultimately resulting in a very significant increase in rice yield.

[0065] Table 3. Impact of soil structure on rice yield

[0066] Treatment Effective ear (ten thousand ears / mu) Ears per plant Seed setting rate (%) Thousand-grain weight (g) Yield (kg / mu) Control 11.95 255.88 71.82 25.23 392 Soil configuration reconstruction treatment group 14.14 259.38 78.03 25.08 449

[0067] In summary, the soil structure reconstruction method of this invention can achieve rapid reconstruction of the plow pan and tillage layer in paddy fields undergoing "non-grain" conversion. By adding a soil structure reconstruction agent with binding function, the soil aggregate structure is significantly improved, thereby enhancing the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and improving soil fertility. At the same time, the decomposition of straw releases various nutrients that promote rice growth, ultimately resulting in a significant increase in rice yield and improving the productivity of paddy fields undergoing "non-grain" conversion.

[0068] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A method of reconstructing a configuration of a paddy field soil body, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, ploughing the dry field and then irrigating and soaking the field; S2, stirring the slurry by using a rotary cultivator; S3, adding rice straw to the field after the stirring; S4, applying a soil structure reconfiguring agent to the field before rice transplanting.

2. The reconstitution method of claim 1, wherein, During the irrigation and soaking of the field, the water layer height is maintained at 3-5 cm, and the water layer is maintained for 7-10 days.

3. The reconstitution method of claim 1, wherein, In the step S3, the rice straw is rice straw particles obtained by crushing treatment, and the length of the rice straw particles is 5-10 cm, and the addition amount is 200-400 kg per mu.

4. The reconstitution method of claim 1, wherein, The soil structure reconfiguring agent comprises 90-95 parts of a binding component, and 5-10 parts of a microbial prebiotic component. The binding component comprises a first binding component and a second binding component, and the weight ratio of the first binding component to the second binding component is (5-10):

1.

5. The reconstitution method of claim 4, wherein, The first binding component comprises nano-humic substance, the second binding component comprises molasses powder, and the microbial prebiotic component comprises one or more of glucose, chitosan, seaweed polysaccharide, and soybean meal.

6. The reconstitution method of claim 4, wherein, The microbial prebiotic component comprises glucose, chitosan, seaweed polysaccharide, and soybean meal, and the weight ratio of glucose:chitosan:seaweed polysaccharide:soybean meal is (30-50):(10-20):(3-5):(20-50).

7. The reconstitution method of claim 1, wherein, The addition amount Q of the soil structure reconfiguring agent is determined according to the following formula: Q = 100 + (3%-S)×1000 wherein Q is the addition amount of the soil structure reconfiguring agent per mu, and S is the original organic matter content of the soil of the dry field, in mass percent.

8. The reconstitution method of claim 7, wherein, 50 kg / mu≤Q≤150 kg / mu.

9. The reconstitution method of claim 1, wherein, The step S4 further comprises detecting the pH value of the field soil, and applying an acid-base adjusting agent according to the pH value of the soil to adjust the pH value of the soil.

10. The reconstitution method of claim 9, wherein, If 4.5≤pH≤5.5 and the soil is loam or clay, then 125-300 kg / mu of lime powder is applied; If pH<4.5 and the soil is loam or clay, then 225-300 kg / mu of quicklime is applied; If 4.5≤pH≤5.5 and the soil is sandy, then 150-250 kg / mu of quicklime is applied; If pH<4.5 and the soil is sandy, then 175-250 kg / mu of quicklime is applied.

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